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MÛSÂ CÂRULLAH Skip to content (1875-1949)
Tatar âlimi ve düşünürü.
Aslen Güney Rusya’da Penza ilinin Çembar ilçesine bağlı Kikino köyünden olup sonradan Don nehri kıyısındaki Rostov şehrine yerleşen bir aileye mensuptur. Mûsâ Cârullah bu göç sırasında Rostov yakınındaki Novoçerkassk şehrinde doğdu. Babası, zengin bir köylü iken dinî bilgisi ve Rusça bilmesi sebebiyle Don Oblastı’nda ahund tayin edilen Molla Cârullah, annesi Damolla Habîbullah Hazret’in kızı Fâtıma Hanım’dır.
Mûsâ Cârullah Bigi, az sayıda müslümanın yaşadığı, canlı bir iş ve ticaret merkezi olan Rostov’da bir Rus okulunda ve bir süre medresede okuduktan sonra 1888 yılında Kazan’a giderek Kül Buyı (Göl Boyu) Medresesi’ne girdi. 1895’te Mâverâünnehir’e geçip Buhara medreselerinde eğitim gördü. Damolla İvaz Efendi ve Damolla İkram Efendi’den fıkıh ve felsefe, Damolla Mîr Şerif Efendi’den riyâziye dersleri aldıktan sonra lise tahsilini tamamlamak için Rostov’a döndü. Üniversiteye başvurusu kabul edilmeyince yaklaşık on beş yıl sürecek olan dinî tahsil amaçlı seyahatlerine başladı. İlk olarak gittiği İstanbul’da Mühendis Mektebi’ne yazıldıysa da ardından vazgeçip İslâmî ilimlere yöneldi. Ancak İstanbul’da umduğunu bulamayınca Kahire’ye geçti, Kahire’de üç yıl kalarak fıkıh ve hadis okudu. Mushaflar ve Kur’an tarihi üzerine çalışmalarının yanında Muhammed Abduh ve Muhammed Bahît ile tanıştığı, hatta kendilerinden ders aldığı kaydedilir. Daha sonra gittiği Mekke ve Medine’de hadis ve fıkıh araştırmalarına devam etti. Hicaz’dan Hindistan’ın Diyûbend şehrine, oradan Şam ve Beyrut’a geçti. Seyahatleri esnasında Arapça ve Farsça’sını geliştirdi. Gezip gördüğü medreselerde hayal kırıklıkları yaşadı, ezber ve taklide dayalı eğitim sistemine karşı İslâmî ilimlerde ıslah ve yenilik fikirlerinden etkilendi.
1904 yılında Rusya’ya dönerek Petersburg Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi’ne misafir öğrenci olarak devam etti. Arkadaşı Abdürreşid İbrahim’in çıkardığı Ülfet (Petersburg, Aralık 1905 – Haziran 1907) ve et-Tilmîz adlı gazeteler yanında el-Islâh (Kazan, Ekim 1907 – Temmuz 1909) ve el-Asrü’l-cedîd (Uralsk, Ocak 1906 – Ocak 1907) gibi yenilikçi gazete ve dergilerde Rusya müslümanlarının siyasî faaliyetleri, insan hakları, mektep ve medreselerin ıslahı gibi konularda yazılar yayımladı. 1905’ten itibaren Rusya’nın Türk asıllı aydınlarının başlattığı siyâsî faaliyetlere aktif olarak katıldı. Ocak 1906’daki II. kongrede başkâtip oldu. Ağustos 1906’da yapılan III. kongrede Rusya Müslümanları İttifakı teşkilâtının merkez komitesine seçildi.
1909 yılı sonunda Orenburg’a taşındı ve oradaki Hüseyniye Medresesi’nde ders vermeye başladı. “Rahmet-i İlâhiyye” adlı makalesinin Şûra dergisinde yayımlanması üzerine “Kadîmci” âlimlerin sert eleştirilerine mâruz kaldı ve 1910’da medreseden ayrılarak Petersburg’a döndü. Hazırlamakta olduğu Tatarca Kur’an tercümesini 1912’de bitirdiyse de bastıramadı. 1913 yılında Petersburg’da Emanet Matbaası’nı kurup Muhammed Ayaz İshakî İdilli ile birlikte İl adında bir gazete çıkarmaya başladı. Bu dönemdeki yazılarında, arkadaşı Ziyâeddin Kemâlî ve Osmanlı aydını Celâl Nuri gibi İslâmiyet’te reform yapılmasını isteyen kişilerin görüşünü doğru bulmadığını belirtti. 1914’te Mülâhaza adlı eserini telif ederek Rızâeddin b. Fahreddin’in din-dünya ayırımını esas alan fikirlerini eleştirdi. Ona göre Batı dünyasında kiliseyi devletten, dini hayattan koparmayı hedefleyen dinî-dünyevî şeklindeki ayırım İslâm’ın özüne uymamaktadır.
1917’de yapılan V. Umumi Rusya Müslümanları Kongresi’nde erkek-kadın eşitliğini savunan bir rapor sundu; ayrıca Rusya’da yaşayan müslümanların dinî ve millî hürriyetlerinin sağlanmasıyla ilgili bir öneride bulundu. Ancak komünist idareye yakın olan Alimcan İbrahimov’un müslümanlar için kültür, edebiyat ve idarî bakımdan ayrı birimlerin oluşturulması ve buna göre belirli sınırlar içerisinde cumhuriyetlerin kurulması teklifi kabul gördü. 1919-1920’de yurtlarından sürüldüğü için Moskova’ya gelen Hint müslümanlarına destek olmaya çalıştı. 1920 sonunda Bolşevik işgalinin ardından Buhara’ya gitti ve orada yapılan kültürel yıkıma şahit oldu. 1921’de Sovyetler aleyhine çalıştığı iddiasıyla Taşkent’te tutuklandı ve on bir ay hapis yattıktan sonra Leningrad’a dönüp oradaki büyük camide imamlık yapmaya başladı. İslâm Milletlerine adlı eserinin Berlin’de yayımlanması üzerine 1923’te tekrar üç ay süreyle tutuklandı, ardından üç yıl süreyle Moskova’ya sürgüne gönderildi.
Mûsâ Cârullah, 1926’da Mekke’de yapılan Umumi Dünya Müslümanları Kongresi ile Kahire Hilâfet Kongresi’ne katıldı. 1927’de hacca ve oradan II. Hilâfet Kongresi’nde bulunmak üzere Kudüs’e gitti. Müslüman din âlimlerine karşı yapılan baskıların artması yüzünden 1930 yılı sonunda ailesini bırakıp Rusya’dan kaçtı, önce Afganistan ve Hindistan’a, ardından Mısır’a gitti. 1932’de düzenlenen I. Türk Tarihi Kongresi’ne katıldı. 1933’te Berlin’e giderek Arap harfli bir matbaa kurdu ve bazı eserlerini yayımladı. 1934 yılında İran ve Irak’ta Şîa üzerine araştırmalarda bulundu, Muhsin el-Emîn gibi Şîa müctehidleriyle görüştü. Mısır’dan Hindistan’a ve oradan Japonya’ya gitti. 1938 sonuna kadar Tokyo’da kaldı. II. Dünya Savaşı’nın başlaması üzerine Japonya’dan ayrılıp tekrar Hindistan’a geçti. İngilizler tarafından Japon yanlısı olduğu gerekçesiyle Hindistan’da tutuklandı. Bir buçuk yıl hapis yattıktan sonra Bopal şehrinde gözetim altında bulundurulmak şartıyla serbest bırakıldı. Bu arada ilmî faaliyetlerini sürdürdü; 1944-1946 yılları arasında on eser yayımladı. Hastalığı sebebiyle 1947’de Kahire’ye ve oradan İstanbul’a geçerek tedavi gördü. Türk vatandaşlığına kabul edildiyse de İstanbul’un havası kendisine iyi gelmediğinden tekrar Kahire’ye döndü. Mûsâ Cârullah, on dokuz yıldan beri uzak kaldığı ailesini göremeden 25 Ekim 1949’da Kahire’de vefat etti ve Afîfî’deki Hidîviyye Mezarlığı’na defnedildi.
Rusya müslümanları arasında ıslah hareketinin öncülüğünü yapan Kursavî, Mercânî ve Rızâeddin b. Fahreddin gibi âlimlerden etkilenen Mûsâ Cârullah’ın görüşlerinde yer yer Selefî ve tasavvufî unsurlara rastlanmaktadır. Yenileşmeyi savunmasına, ictihadın lüzumuna inanmasına ve taklide karşı olmasına rağmen İslâmiyet’in reforma ihtiyacı bulunmadığını vurgulamıştır. Mektep ve medreselerin ıslahı, içtimaî, siyasî ve iktisadî yapıdaki aksaklıkların düzeltilmesi Mûsâ Cârullah’a göre Rusya müslümanlarının en önemli meseleleridir. Medreselerde okutulan derslerin gerçekte dinî ilimlerden uzak olduğunu, kelâm ve mantık gibi konuların öne çıkartılıp Kur’an’ın sosyal yönünün ihmal edildiğini ileri sürmüş ve hadis, tefsir, tarih, tabii ilimler, matematik gibi derslerin medreselerde okutulmasının gerekli olduğunu söylemiştir. Sosyal hayattan ve modern ilimlerden kopuk eğitimin yanlışlığına işaret eden Mûsâ Cârullah, medreselerin ıslahını kabul etmeyen Kadîmciler ve sadece modern ilimlerin okutulmasına taraftar olan bir kısım Cedîdciler’e karşı çıkmıştır.
İslâm hukuku çalışmalarına da önem veren Mûsâ Cârullah, İslâm dünyasındaki gerilemenin temelinde ictihad serbestliğinin ortadan kalkıp fikrî tembellik ve taklidin yaygınlaşmasının yattığını söyler. Taklitten fıkıhçıları, İslâm akîdesine felsefenin ve yabancı fikirlerin girmesinden kelâmcıları sorumlu tutar. İslâmiyet’in akla büyük önem verdiğini, farklı mezheplerin de bu sebeple zuhur ettiğini, ancak sonraki âlimlerin tutumu yüzünden bu fikrî serbestliğin yok olduğunu belirterek mezhep taassubuna tepki gösterir. Ona göre kelâm ilmi İslâmiyet’in ilk yıllarındaki dinamizminin kaybolmasına sebep olmuş, müslümanların zihinlerini gereksiz tartışmalarla işgal etmiş, İslâmiyet’in sade ve saf olan akîdesini karmaşık hale getirmiştir. Bundan dolayı Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’i ve Hz. Peygamber’in uygulamalarını en iyi bilen Selef’in tutumunu örnek almak en doğru yoldur. Fıkıh ve kelâm eleştirisine karşılık tasavvufa değer veren Mûsâ Cârullah aklın yanında keşfin de önemine inanır ve onun bir tür aklî bakış açısı olduğunu söyler. Tasavvufun hoşgörüsünü ve fikir hürriyeti gibi konularda müsbet yaklaşımını takdir eder. Bununla birlikte imâm-ı muntazar, gavs, kutub, evtâd, nücebâ, abdal gibi tasavvufî kavramların İslâmiyet’e sonradan girdiğini belirterek ruhbaniyete dönüşen tasavvuf anlayışını eleştirir.
Kadınların sosyal hayatın dışına itilmesini ve eğitimden mahrum bırakılmasını şiddetle eleştiren Mûsâ Cârullah, kadının İslâm’ın ilk dönemindeki saygınlığını tekrar kazanabilmesi için eğitime önem verilmesi ve hukukî güvencelerin sağlanması gerektiğini söyler. Mûsâ Cârullah dinler tarihi araştırmalarının önemine temas etmiş, dinlerden söz ederken birine hak, diğerine bâtıl demekten sakınmanın ve her dine saygı göstermenin gereğine inanmıştır. Rahmet-i İlâhiyye Bürhanları adlı eserinde âhirette dâimî azabın ilâhî rahmete uygun olmayacağını ve Allah’ın mağfiretinin herkesi kapsadığını söyler. Mustafa Sabri Efendi bu görüşünden dolayı onu eleştirir. Bununla birlikte yenilikçi olarak tanımladığı Mûsâ Cârullah’ın Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve Hz. Peygamber hakkında çok saygılı bir dil kullandığını ve her şeyi Batılılar’dan alan reformcularla bir tutulamayacağını belirtir (Yeni İslâm Müctehidlerinin Kıymet-i İlmiyyesi, s. 5-6). İdil-Ural bölgesinin yetiştirdiği önemli şahsiyetlerden biri olan Mûsâ Cârullah Rus kültürünü iyi bilen, bunun yanında İslâm dünyasının içinde bulunduğu problemlerle yakından ilgilenen, İslâmî yenileşme hareketlerinden haberdar ve Kur’an ilimlerine, İslâm hukukuna, hadis ilmine vâkıf çok yönlü bir âlim ve düşünürdür.
Sovyet yönetiminin Tatar müslüman âlimlerine uyguladığı baskı ve sansür neticesinde Mûsâ Cârullah’ın ismi de unutturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Buna rağmen fikirleri sadece Rusya ile sınırlı kalmamış, başta Hindistan, Mısır ve Türkiye olmak üzere çeşitli bölgelere yayılmıştır. XX. yüzyılın sonuna doğru özellikle Tataristan’da ve Türkiye’de hakkındaki araştırmalar hız kazanmış, eserleri yayımlanmaya başlanmış ve sempozyumlarda fikirleri tartışılmıştır. Ahmet Kanlıdere ve Mehmet Görmez tarafından yapılan biyografi çalışmaları dışında (bk. bibl.) ölümünün 50. yılı münasebetiyle Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı ve Ahmed Yesevî Üniversitesi, I. Uluslararası Mûsâ Cârullah Bigiyef Sempozyumu düzelemiş (Ankara, 6-7 Kasım 1999) ve tebliğleri basılmıştır (Ankara 2002). Bunun yanında Kazan’da tertiplenen I (8-11 Haziran 2001) ve II. (24-26 Haziran 2005) Uluslararası Volga-Ural İslâm Medeniyeti sempozyumlarında Mûsâ Cârullah hakkında çeşitli bildiriler sunulmuştur.
Eserleri. Mûsâ Cârullah’ın tesbit edilebilen basılmış eserlerinin sayısı kırk dört, tercüme, şerh ve neşirlerinin sayısı on beştir. Dil konusunda Gaspıralı İsmâil’in yolunu takip etmiş ve İstanbul Türkçesi’ne yakın bir dil kullanmıştır. Birkaç Arapça risâlesi dışında 1905-1935 yıllarında kaleme aldığı önemli çalışmalarının hepsi Tatar Türkçesi’yledir. 1935’ten sonra yazdıkları ise Arapça’dır. Hâtun adlı kitabının iç kapağında ve Kahire’de 1935 yılında basılan Eyyâmü ḥayâti’n-nebî, Niẓâmü’t-taḳvîm fi’l-İslâm ve Niẓâmü’n-nesîʾ ʿinde’l-ʿArab adlı eserlerinde annesine nisbetle İbn Fâtıma imzasını kullanmıştır. Başlıca eserleri şunlardır: 1. Târîhu’l-Kur’ân ve’l-mesâhif (Petersburg 1905). 2. Umum Rusya Müslümanlarının III. Resmî Nedveleri (Kazan 1906). 3. Rusya Müslümanları İttifakının Programı (Petersburg 1906). 4. Edebiyyât-ı Arabiyye ile Ulûm-i İslâmiyye (Kazan, ts.). Medreselerin ıslahı hakkında olup buralarda okutulan dersler ve usûl-i kadîmin niteliği konusunda bilgi içerir. 5. Tashîh-i Resm-i Hatt-ı Kur’ân (Kazan 1909). Kazan baskısı Kur’an’lardaki hataların düzeltilmesiyle ilgilidir. 6. Şeriat Niçin Rü’yeti İtibar Etmiş? (Kazan 1909 [?]). 7. Kavâid-i Fıkhiyye (Kazan 1910). Hazırlamayı düşündüğü “Mecelle-i Ahkâm-ı Şer‘iyye”ye giriş niteliğinde 201 maddelik fıkhî kurallar listesidir. 8. Rahmet-i İlâhiyye Bürhanları (Orenburg 1911). Mûsâ Cârullah’ın önemli eserlerinden biri olup büyük yankılar uyandırmış, lehinde ve aleyhinde pek çok yazı yazılmıştır. 9. İnsanların Akīde-i İlâhiyyelerine Bir Nazar (Orenburg 1911). Önceki esere yapılan eleştiriler üzerine kaleme almıştır. Hikmet Akpur, son iki eserle “Rahmet-i İlâhiyye Meselesi” başlıklı makaleyi Evrensel Kurtuluş adıyla (İstanbul 1991) Ömer H. Özalp, adı geçen iki eserle Yeni İslâm Müctehidlerinin Kıymet-i İlmiyyesi’ni İlâhî Adalet ismiyle (İstanbul 1996) Türkiye Türkçesi’ne çevirip yayımlamışlardır. 10. Uzun Günlerde Rûze (Kazan 1911). Eserde kuzey bölgelerinde namaz ve oruç, ayrıca ictihad, Hz. Âdem’in yaratılışı, Zülkarneyn, taklidin zararları, akıl hürriyeti, kıyas ve nesih meseleleri ele alınmıştır. 11. Halk Nazarına Bir Nice Mesele (Kazan 1912). İslâm dünyasının gerileme sebepleri, iman ve amel ilişkisi, Kur’an tercümesi vb. konularla ilgilidir. 12. Büyük Mevzularda Ufak Fikirler (Petersburg 1914). Ziyâeddin Kemâlî’nin Dînî Tedbirler adlı eserini (Ufa 1913) ve tasavvuf karşıtı görüşlerini eleştiren bir çalışmadır. 13. Mülâhaza (Petersburg 1914). Müellif bu eserinde Rızâeddin b. Fahreddin’in Dinî, İçtimâî Meseleler adlı kitabını eleştirmekte ve ayrıca borç ve ribâ konusuna temas etmektedir. 14. Islâhat Esasları (Petersburg 1915). Mûsâ Cârullah’ın en önemli eseri olup Rusya müslümanlarının 1904 yılından sonra başlayan siyasî hareketleri konusundadır. 15. Zekât (Petersburg 1916). Şûra dergisinde tefrika edilen makalelerinden oluşan kitap faiz, ribâ ve banka meselelerini ele almaktadır. 16. Şeriat Esasları (Petersburg 1917). Fıkıh usulü, ictihad meselesi, mezheplerin ortaya çıkışı, kadın hakları ve tesettüre dairdir. Hatice Görmez tarafından Türkiye Türkçesi’ne çevrilerek İslâm Şeriatının Esasları: Değişkenler ve Sabiteler adıyla yayımlanmıştır (Ankara 2002). 17. İslâm Milletlerine (Berlin 1923). Komünizm ideolojisine cevap vermek maksadıyla İslâm esaslarına dayanılarak yazılmış bu eser önce Sebîlürreşâd dergisinde (İstanbul 1923-1924), daha sonra İbrahim Maraş ve Seyfettin Erşahin tarafından İslâm’ın Elifbâ’sı adıyla neşredilmiştir (Ankara 1997). 18. Müskirat Meseleleri (İstanbul 1927). Ferhat Koca tarafından Latin harfleriyle yayımlanmıştır (Ankara 2003). 19. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm Âyet-i Kerîmelerinin Mûciz İfadelerine Göre Ye’cûc (Berlin 1933). 20. Hâtun (Berlin 1933). Tesettür, kadın-erkek eşitliği, çok evlilik, talâk, kadınların şahitliği ve mirastaki durumlarıyla ilgili bir çalışma olup geleneksel yaklaşımları eleştirmektedir. Mehmet Görmez eseri Türkiye Türkçesi’ne çevirerek aynı adla neşretmiştir (Ankara 1999). 21. el-Veşîʿa fî naḳżi ʿaḳāʾidi’ş-Şîʿa (Kahire 1935, 1403). Abdülhüseyin Şerefeddin el-Mûsevî bu esere Ecvibet-i Mesâil-i Cârullâh (Necef 1935) adıyla bir reddiye yazmıştır. 22. Ṣaḥîfetü’l-ferâʾiż (Bhopal 1944). 23. Ṣarfü’l-Ḳurʾâni’l-Kerîm (Bhopal 1944). 24. Ḥurûfü evâʾili’s-süver (Bhopal 1944). 25. Tertîbü’s-süveri’l-kerîme ve tenâsübühâ fi’n-nüzûli ve fi’l-meṣâḥif (Bhopal 1944). 26. Kitâbü’s-Sünne (Bhopal 1945). Hint alt kıtasında Ehl-i Kur’ân (Kur’âniyyûn) diye bilinen, hadisleri aslî kaynak olarak kabul etmeyen âlimlerin görüşlerini eleştiren bir eserdir. Mehmet Görmez tarafından Türkiye Türkçesi’ne çevrilip aynı adla yayımlanmıştır (Ankara 1998). Mûsâ Cârullah’ın Tatarca bir Kur’an tercümesi olduğu bilinmekteyse de eserin âkıbeti hakkında bilgi yoktur.
Mûsâ Cârullah’ın tercümeleri, şerh ve neşirleri de şunlardır: Tercümeleri. Rujkov, İlimde Kuvvet (Petersburg 1905); Ebü’l-Alâ el-Maarrî, el-Lüzûmiyyât (Kazan 1907; eserin başında Maarrî’nin hayatıyla ilgili geniş bir giriş vardır); Dîvân-ı Hâfız (Kazan 1910). Şerhleri ve Neşirleri. Kāsım b. Fîrruh eş-Şâtıbî’nin eş-Şâṭıbiyye (Kazan 1907), ʿAḳīle (Kazan 1908) ve Nâẓımetü’z-zehr (Orenburg 1910) adlı eserlerinin şerhleriyle birlikte neşri; İbrâhim b. Mûsâ eş-Şâtıbî’nin el-Muvâfaḳāt (Kazan 1909), İbn Hacer el-Askalânî’nin İfâḍâtü’l-kirâm (Kazan 1909) ve Nüzhetü’n-naẓar fî tavżîḥi Nuḫbeti’l-fiker (Orenburg 1910) adlı eserlerinin şerhi; İbnü’l-Cezerî’nin Ṭayyibetü’n-neşr fî ḳırâʾâti’l-ʿaşr adlı eserinin şerhi (Kazan 1912), Muhammed Zâhir Bigiyef’in Mâverâünnehr’de Seyahat (Kazan 1908); İmam Mâlik’in el-Muvaṭṭaʾ (1909 [?]), Ahmed b. Emîn eş-Şinkītî’nin ed-Delîlü’ṣ-ṣarîḥ fî nüzûli’l-Mesîḥ (Kazan 1909), Abdürreşid İbrahim’in Tarihin Unudulmuş Sahifeleri (Berlin 1933) ve Ubeydullah Sindî’nin İlhâmü’r-Raḥmân fî tefsîri’l-Ḳurʾân (Karaçi 1944) adlı eserleri.
BİBLİYOGRAFYA Mûsâ Cârullah, Uzun Günlerde Oruç (s.nşr. Yusuf Uralgiray), Ankara 1975, s. 1-22, ayrıca bk. neşredenin önsözü, s. VII-XXVI; Mustafa Sabri, Yeni İslâm Müctehidlerinin Kıymet-i İlmiyyesi, İstanbul 1337, tür.yer.; Veli Ahmed Hakim, Üstâd-ı Şehîr Mûsa Cârullah Hazretleri Hakkında Mülâhazalar, Helsinki 1950; Abdullah Battal Taymas, Musa Carullah Bigi, İstanbul 1958; Mehmet Görmez, Musa Carullah Bigiyef, Ankara 1994; Aydar Hayrutdinov, Posledniy Tatarskiy Bogoslov: Jizn i Nasledie Musı Djarullaxa Bigieva, Kazan 1999; Ölümünün 50. Yıldönümünde Musa Carullah Bigiyef (1875-1949), Ankara 2002; Ahmet Kanlıdere, Kadimle Cedit Arasında Musa Cârullah: Hayatı, Eserleri, Fikirleri, İstanbul 2005; Âlimcan el-İdrisî, “Musa Efendi Bigey”, TY, VIII/89 (1331), s. 2696-2703; Zeki Velidi Togan, “Mûsa Cârullah: Mesleği, Şahsiyeti ve Eserleri”, Tasvir, İstanbul 16 Eylül 1947; a.mlf., “Büyük Alim Musa Carullah Reformatör müdür?”, a.e., 23 Eylül 1947; Azade-Ayşe Rorlich, “Bigi, Musa Yarullah”, The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World (ed. J. L. Esposito), Oxford 1995, I, 216-218.
Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2006 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 31. cildinde, 214-216 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.