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HİND bint UTBE Skip to content Hind bint Utbe b. Rebîa b. Abdişems b. Abdimenâf b. Kusayy el-Kureşiyye (ö. 14/635)
Ebû Süfyân’ın karısı.
Babası Utbe ve annesi Safiyye bint Ümeyye tarafından Hz. Peygamber ile aynı soydan gelir. Kendisi azılı İslâm düşmanlarından biri olduğu halde kardeşi Ebû Huzeyfe İslâmiyet’i ilk kabul edenlerden biriydi. Hind önce Hâlid b. Velîd’in amcasının oğlu Hafs (Fâkih) b. Mugīre el-Mahzûmî ile evlendi ve bu evlilikten Ebân adında bir oğlu oldu. Kendisini aldattığını sanan kocasının onu babasının evine gönderdiği, yanıldığı anlaşıldıktan sonra ise Hind’in kocasını terkettiğine dair rivayet çeşitli kaynaklarda yer almıştır (Heysemî, IX, 264-265). Eş seçiminde titiz davranan Hind, babasına başvurarak kendisiyle evlenmek isteyenlerin adlarını değil vasıflarını söylemesini istedi (İbn Sa‘d, VIII, 235-236) ve adaylardan İslâmiyet aleyhindeki faaliyetlerin içinde yer alan Ebû Süfyân’ı seçti. Bu evlilikten de Muâviye ve Utbe adlı oğulları ile Cüveyriye ve Ümmü’l-Hakem adlı kızları dünyaya geldi. İslâm aleyhtarlığı hususunda kocasından geri kalmayan Hind, kardeşi Ebû Huzeyfe’nin Bedir Gazvesi’nde düşman saflarında gördüğü babasını mübârezeye davet etmesine sinirlenerek onu bir şiirle hicvetti. Babası Utbe ve kardeşi Velîd ile amcası Şeybe’nin bu savaşta öldürülmesi üzerine onların intikamı alınıncaya kadar ağlamayacağını, koku sürünmeyeceğini ve kocasıyla beraber olmayacağını söyleyerek Kureyşliler’den bu savaşta kaybettikleri yakınlarının intikamını almalarını istedi. Uhud Gazvesi’nde müşrik ordusuna kumanda eden Ebû Süfyân’ın yanında yer aldı ve Kureyşli diğer kadınlarla birlikte def çalıp şiir okuyarak orduyu savaşa teşvik etti. Bedir Gazvesi’nde yakınlarını öldüren Hamza’yı öldürmesi için Vahşî b. Harb’e mükâfat vaad eden Mekkeliler’den biri de Hind idi. Hind, ciğerini çiğneyeceğini ve organlarından gerdanlık yapıp boynuna takacağını söylediği Hamza’yı öldürdüğü takdirde Vahşî’ye bütün takılarından ve yanında bulunan mallardan başka 10 altın vereceğini söyledi. Vahşî de Hamza’yı uzaktan attığı mızrakla şehid ederek karnını yardı ve ciğerini Hind’e götürdü. Hamza’nın ciğerini alıp çiğnediği için “âkiletü’l-ekbâd” (ciğer yiyen kadın) diye anılan Hind’in bütün takılarını Vahşî’ye verdiği, bunların yerine başta Hamza olmak üzere diğer şehidlerin organlarını keserek gerdanlık ve halhal olarak taktığı, Mekkeli kadınları da böyle yapmaya teşvik ettiği belirtilmektedir.
Resûl-i Ekrem’in kızı Zeyneb, Mekke’den Medine’ye hicret etmek üzere hazırlık yaptığı sırada Hind onun yanına gelip “amcamın kızı” diye hitap ederek kendisine yardıma hazır olduğunu söylediyse de Zeyneb hicretine engel olunacağından korktuğu için ona Medine’ye gitmeyi düşünmediğini söyledi (Taberî, II, 469).
Hind’in İslâmiyet’e karşı olan düşmanlığı Mekke’nin fethine kadar devam etti. İslâm ordusu Mekke’ye yaklaştığı sırada müslüman olan Ebû Süfyân, kendi evine sığınanlara Hz. Peygamber’in eman vereceğini Mekkeliler’e söylediği zaman ona herkesten önce Hind karşı çıktı ve kocasının sakalından tutarak öldürülmesini istedi; ancak Ebû Süfyân’dan bir gün sonra o da müslüman oldu. Rüyasında putların kendisini ateşe ittiğini, Resûlullah’ın ise onu kurtardığını görünce İslâmiyet’i kabul etmeye karar verdiği söylenmekte, ayrıca kendisine, bir gün önceki fikrini değiştirerek neden müslüman olmaya karar verdiğini soran kocasına, Mekke’nin fethedildiği gün müslümanların Kâbe’de sabaha kadar nasıl ibadet ettiklerini seyrettiğini, o güne kadar Kâbe’de Allah’a bu şekilde ibadet edildiğini görmediğini ve bu durumun kararını değiştirmesine sebep olduğunu anlattığı belirtilmektedir. Hind’in bu kararı üzerine Ebû Süfyân, karısının henüz Resûlullah’ın yanına varmadan öldürülebileceğini düşünerek Hz. Peygamber’in huzuruna itibarlı biriyle gitmesini tavsiye etti. Hind de kıyafet değiştirerek Hz. Ömer’in veya Hz. Osman’ın yahut kardeşi Ebû Huzeyfe’nin himayesinde o sırada Ebtah mevkiinde veya Safâ tepesinde bulunan Resûl-i Ekrem’in yanına gitti. Ona biat etmek isteyen kadınların arasına karışarak huzuruna çıktı. Resûl-i Ekrem kadınlardan Allah’a şirk koşmamak, hırsızlık yapmamak, zina etmemek, çocuklarını öldürmemek, iftirada bulunmamak ve iyi iş yapma hususunda Peygamber’e karşı gelmemek üzere (el-Mümtehine 60/12) kendisine biat etmelerini isteyeceğini söyleyince Hind erkeklerden istemediği şeyleri kadınlardan istediğini, bununla beraber biat edeceklerini söyledi. Yüzü kapalı olduğu için Resûl-i Ekrem onu tanıyamamıştı. Biat konularından biri olan hırsızlık yapmama meselesi üzerinde durulurken Hind kocasının cimri olduğunu, kendisinin ve çocuklarının bütün ihtiyaçlarını karşılamadığını, bu sebeple ona sormadan malından harcama yaptığını belirterek buna hakkı olup olmadığını sordu. Hz. Peygamber de aşırı gitmemek şartıyla onun malından kendisine ve çocuklarına yetecek kadar bir miktarı alabileceğini ifade etti (Buhârî, “Büyûʿ”, 95; Müslim, “Aḳżıye”, 7-9). Orada bulunan Ebû Süfyân daha önce aldıklarını kendisine helâl ettiğini söyleyince Resûl-i Ekrem Hind’i tanıdı. Kadınların zina etmemesi üzerinde konuşulurken Hind söze karışarak hür kadının zina edemeyeceğini söyledi. Sıra çocukları öldürmeme maddesine gelince, “Onları siz öldürdünüz” veya, “Biz onları küçükken yetiştirdik, büyüdükleri zaman sen onları Bedir’de öldürdün” dedi. İftira üzerinde durulurken Hind tekrar söze karışarak şunları söyledi: “İftira çirkin şeydir, sen bize güzel ahlâkı emrediyorsun.” Peygamber’e karşı gelmeme teklifi üzerine de, “Biz bu yüce divana sonradan isyan etmemek niyetiyle geldik” dedi. Resûl-i Ekrem biat sırasında kadınların eline dokunmamakla beraber Hind’in Hz. Peygamber’e elini uzattığı, muhtemelen kınasız olması yüzünden Resûlullah’ın onun avucunu yırtıcı hayvan pençesine benzettiği ve onun görünüşünü kınayla değiştirmedikçe biatını kabul etmeyeceğini söylediği rivayet edilmektedir (Ebû Dâvûd, “Tereccül”, 4). Resûl-i Ekrem’in kendisini iyi karşılaması ve daha önce yaptıkları üzerinde durmaması Hind’i son derece memnun ettiği için ona, bir zamanlar yeryüzünde perişan olmasını en çok istediği ailenin Peygamber ailesi olduğunu, fakat artık gözünde bu aile fertlerinden daha değerli bir kimse bulunmadığını ifade etti (Buhârî, “Eymân”, 3, “Aḥkâm”, 14; Müslim, “Aḳżıye”, 8). Hind oradan ayrıldıktan sonra evine gitti ve bütün putları kırdı. Onun kızarttığı iki oğlağı bir câriyesiyle Hz. Peygamber’e sunduğu, koyunları çok az kuzuladığı için daha fazlasını gönderemediğini belirttiği, Resûl-i Ekrem’in de onların çoğalması için dua ettiği, daha sonraları sürülerinin çoğaldığı, Hind’in zaman zaman bu olayı anarak kendilerini İslâmiyet’le şereflendiren Allah’a hamdettiği kaydedilmektedir.
Yermük Savaşı’na Ebû Süfyân’la birlikte katılan Hind heyecanlı konuşmalarıyla müslümanları savaşa teşvik etmiş, bozgun alâmetleri görüldüğü zaman diğer kadınlarla birlikte onların derlenip toparlanmasında büyük etkisi olmuştur. Hind’in daha sonra Ebû Süfyân’dan boşandığı, ticaret yaparak geçimini temin etmek amacıyla hilâfeti döneminde Hz. Ömer’e başvurup beytülmâlden 4000 dirhem borç aldığı, fakat ticarette zarar ettiği belirtilmektedir. Yine Hz. Ömer devrinde oğlu Muâviye Şam valisi olduğu zaman Hind onu görmeye gitmiş, halifenin Allah rızâsını ön planda tutan bir insan olduğunu hatırlatarak her konuda halifeyi dinlemesini, kendi yakınlarına gereğinden fazla bir şey vermemesini tavsiye etmiş, aksi halde Ömer’in kendisini azledebileceğini hatırlatmıştır. Hind, Muharrem 14’te (Mart 635) Hz. Ebû Bekir’in babası Ebû Kuhâfe ile aynı günde öldü. Bir rivayete göre ise Hz. Osman devrinde vefat etmiştir.
Hind çok güzel konuşan, akıllı, cesur ve gururlu bir kadındı. Savaşlarda askerleri coşturmak için söylediği şiirler, bazı kimseler için yazdığı hicviyeler ve savaşlarda kaybettiği yakınları için söylediği mersiyelerden bazı bölümler günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Meşhur şair ve sahâbî Hansâ’nın, kabileler arasında yapılan savaşlarda kardeşlerini kaybettiğinden kendisini “en büyük felâkete uğrayan Arap kadını” diye tanıttığını ve onlar için mersiyeler söylediğini duyan Hind’in bir panayırda onunla özellikle karşılaştığı, Bedir’de kaybettiği yakınlarından dolayı en büyük musibete uğrayan kadının asıl kendisi olduğunu belirttiği ve Hansâ ile karşılıklı mersiyeler okudukları rivayet edilmektedir.
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Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 1998 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 18. cildinde, 64-65 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.