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GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 42 – 50, 30.06.2024
Ömer Yüzer Alper Tonguç Ersin Doğaç
https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.1419958
Öz Liquidambar orientalis, a relict endemic species, is distributed in the south-west of Turkey. The natural spread areas of the species have been decreasing since the early 1900s. This poses a great threat to the future and genetic diversity of the species. In this study, the genetic diversity of a total of 190 individuals in ten populations was examined with ten polymorphic ISSR primers. Data analysis was performed using POPGENE ver. 1.32 and GenAlEx 6.503 softwares. According to the results of the analysis, a total of 271 loci were identified. For the ten populations, the rate of polymorphic loci ranged from 21.03% to 34.69%. The mean number of observed alleles (Na) and mean number of effective alleles (Ne) were found as 1.98 ± 0.13 and 1.47 ± 24 0.37, respectively. Nei’s genetic diversity values (h) ranged from 0.07 ± 0.15 to 0.12 ± 0.18. According to the results of Molecular Analysis of Variance (AMOVA) and POPGENE ver. 1.32 analysis, it was determined that the main contribution to the genetic variance originated from among the populations. In addition, the gene flow level (NM) was found to be low with a value of 0.27 per generation.
Anahtar Kelimeler Genetic Diversity, ISSR Marker, Liquidambar orientalis, Muğla, Polymorphism
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Ürker, O., “Çevre etiği bakımından Anadolu sığla ormanları”, PhD, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 2014. Hoey, M.T. and Parks, C.R., “Isozyme divergence between eastern Asian, North American, and Turkish species of Liquidambar (Hamamelidaceae)”, American Journal of Botany, 78: 938-947, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1991.tb14497.x Öztürk, E., “Türkiye'deki relikt endemik sığla ağacı (Liquidambar orientalis Mill. var orientalis ve L. orientalis Mill. var. integriloba Fiori) populasyonlarında izoenzim polimorfizminin polyakrilamid jel elektroforezi (Page) yöntemi ile saptanması”, Master thesis, Muğla Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Muğla, Türkiye, 2008. Or, M., “Kloroplast genomundaki kodlanmayan trn bölgelerinin karşılaştırılması yapılarak Liquidambar orientalis Mill. varyetelerinin filogenetik analizi”, Master thesis, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 2007. Özdilek, A., “Kloroplast genomundaki matk gen bölgesine göre Liquidambar orientalis Mill. varyetelerinin genetik farklılaşması”, Master thesis, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 2007. Doğaroğlu, T., Günenç, E., Manap, R.Y., Taşkın, V., Taşkın, B.G., and Doğaç, E., “Genetic Structure and Phylogenetic Analysis of Liquidambar orientalis Mill.(Altingiaceae) Populations Based on Non-Coded psaA/ycf3 Intergenic Region in The Chloroplast Genome in Türkiye”, Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections. 7(2), 45-58, 2023. Doyle, J.J. and Doyle, J.L., “A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue”, Phytochemical Bulletin, 19, 11-15, 1987. Cullings, K.W., “Design and testing of a plant-specific PCR primer for ecological and evolutionary studies”, Molecular Ecology, 1: 233-240, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00182.x Yeh, F.C., Yang, R.C. and Boyle, T., POPGENE Version 1.32: Microsoft Window-Based Freeware for Population Genetics Analysis, University of Alberta, Edmonton, 1999. Peakall, R. and Smouse, P.E., “GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research: an update”, Bioinformatics, 28: 2537-2539, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts460 Nei, M., “Molecular Evolutionary Genetics”, Columbia University Press, New York, 1987. Kimura, M. and Crow, J.F., “Effect of overall phenotypic selection on genetic change at individual loci”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 75(12): 6168-6171, 1978. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.75.12.6168 Page, R.D.M., “Visualizing Phylogenetic Trees Using TreeView”. Current protocols in bioinformatics, 6 (2): 1-15, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471250953.bi0602s01 Nei, M., “Genetic Distance Between Populations”, American Naturalist, 106: 283-292, 1972. https://doi.org/10.1086/282771 Ovesna, J., Polakova, K. and Leisova, L., “DNA analyses and their applications in plant breeding”, Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 38(1): 29–40, 2002. https://doi.org/10.17221/6108-CJGPB Hamrick, J.L., Godt, M.J.W. and Sherman-Broyles, S.L., “Factors influencing genetic diversity in woody plant species”, New Forests, 6: 95–124, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00120641 Wright, S., “The Genetical Structure of Populations”. Annals of Eugenics, 15: 323-354, 1951. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.1949.tb02451.x Bi, X.Q., Jin, X.Z. and Li, H.J., “Genetic diversity in the natural populations of Liquidambar formosana revealed by ISSR molecular markers”, Bulletin of Botanical Research, 30: 120–125, 2010. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11020203 Sun, R., Lin, F.R., Huang, P. and Zheng, Y., “Moderate genetic diversity and genetic differentiation in the relict tree Liquidambar formosana Hance revealed by genic simple sequence repeat markers”, Frontiers in Plant Science, 7:1411, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01411
RELİKT ENDEMİK LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULASYONLARININ GENETİK KARAKTERİZASYONU Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 42 – 50, 30.06.2024
Ömer Yüzer Alper Tonguç Ersin Doğaç
https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.1419958
Öz Relikt endemik bir tür olan Liquidambar orientalis, Türkiye’nin güneybatısında yayılış göstermektedir. Türün doğal yayılış alanları 1900’lü yılların başlarından itibaren giderek azalmaktadır. Bu durum türün geleceği ve genetik çeşitliliği açısından büyük bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada on popülasyondaki toplam 190 bireyin genetik çeşitliliği on adet polimorfik ISSR primeri ile incelenmiştir. Verilerin analizi POPGENE ver. 1.32 ve GenAlEx 6.503 yazılımları ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre toplam 271 lokus tespit edildi. On popülasyon için polimorfik lokusların oranı %21,03 ile %34,69 arasında değişmektedir. Gözlenen ortalama alel sayısı (Na) ve etkili alellerin ortalama sayısı (Ne) sırasıyla 1,98±0,13 ve 1,47±24±0,37 olarak bulundu. Nei’nin genetik çeşitlilik değerleri (h) 0,07 ± 0,15 ila 0,12 ± 0,18 arasında değişmektedir. Moleküler Varyans Analizi (AMOVA) ve POPGENE ver. 1.32 analizinde genetik varyansa asıl katkının popülasyonlar arasında kaynaklandığı belirlendi. Ayrıca gen akış düzeyinin (NM) nesil başına 0,27 değeriyle düşük olduğu tespit edildi.
Anahtar Kelimeler Genetik Çeşitlilik, ISSR Markörü, Liquidambar orientalis, Muğla, Polimorfizm
Kaynakça Arslan, M.B. and Şahin, H.T., “Unutulan bir orman ürünü kaynağı: anadolu sığla ağacı (Liquidambar orientalis Miller)”, Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1): 103-117, 2016. Ickert-Bond, S.M., Pigg, K.B. and Wen, J., “Comparative infructescence morphology in Liquidambar (Altingiaceae) and its evolutionary significance”, American Journal of Botany, 92(8): 1234–1255, 2005. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.8.1234 Acatay, A., “Sığla Ağacı’nın (Liquidambar orientalis Mill.) Türkiye’de yayılışı, yeni tespit edilen Liquidambar orientalis var. suber varyetesi ve sığla ağacına musallat olan böcekler”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(2), 40-56, 1963. Atay, I., “Sığla ağacının (Liquidambar orientalis Mill.) önemi ve sivikültürel özellikleri”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 35: 15-21, 1985. Efe, A., “Liquidambar orientalis Mill. (sığla ağacı)’ın morfolojik ve palinolojik özellikleri üzerine araştırmalar”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 37 (2): 273-286, 1987. Akman, Y., Ketenoğlu, O. and Kurt, L., “Fethiye-Marmaris ve Bucak çevrelerinde yetişen Liquidambar orientalis Mill. topluluklarının floristik yapısı”, Doğa-Turkish Journal of Botany, 16, 273-86 1992. Günal, N., “Liquidambar orientalis (Anadolu sığla ağacı)'in güneybatı Anadolu'daki yayılışında relief iklim ilişkileri”, Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 29: 175-190, 1994. İstek, A. and Hafızoğlu, H., “Sığla ağacı (Liquidambar orientalis Mill.) odununun anatomik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi”, Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1): 18-26, 1998. Velioğlu, E., Kandemir, G., İcgen, Y., Çengel, B., Alan, M. and Kaya, Z., “Türkiye’deki sığla (Liquidambar orientalis Mill.) populasyonlarının genetik yapısının moleküler belirteçlerle belirlenmesi ve koruma stratejileri geliştirilmesi”, Orman Ağaçları ve Tohumları Islah Araştırma Müdürlüğü Teknik Bülten No: 20, Ankara, 2008. Davis, P.H., “Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands Vol. 4.”, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1972. Aydıngöz, M. and Bulut, S., “Egenin gizli kalmış şifa iksiri: Sığla”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 14: 1-6, 2014. Doğaç, E., “Türkiye’deki relikt endemik sığla ağacı (Liquidambar orientalis Mill. var. orientalis ve L. orientalis Mill. var. integriloba Fiori) populasyonlarındaki genetik çeşitliliğin RAPD (Rastgele Üretilen Polimorfik DNA) belirteçleri yardımıyla belirlenmesi”, Master thesis, Muğla Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Muğla, Türkiye, 2008. Ürker, O., “Çevre etiği bakımından Anadolu sığla ormanları”, PhD, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 2014. Hoey, M.T. and Parks, C.R., “Isozyme divergence between eastern Asian, North American, and Turkish species of Liquidambar (Hamamelidaceae)”, American Journal of Botany, 78: 938-947, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1991.tb14497.x Öztürk, E., “Türkiye'deki relikt endemik sığla ağacı (Liquidambar orientalis Mill. var orientalis ve L. orientalis Mill. var. integriloba Fiori) populasyonlarında izoenzim polimorfizminin polyakrilamid jel elektroforezi (Page) yöntemi ile saptanması”, Master thesis, Muğla Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Muğla, Türkiye, 2008. Or, M., “Kloroplast genomundaki kodlanmayan trn bölgelerinin karşılaştırılması yapılarak Liquidambar orientalis Mill. varyetelerinin filogenetik analizi”, Master thesis, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 2007. Özdilek, A., “Kloroplast genomundaki matk gen bölgesine göre Liquidambar orientalis Mill. varyetelerinin genetik farklılaşması”, Master thesis, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 2007. Doğaroğlu, T., Günenç, E., Manap, R.Y., Taşkın, V., Taşkın, B.G., and Doğaç, E., “Genetic Structure and Phylogenetic Analysis of Liquidambar orientalis Mill.(Altingiaceae) Populations Based on Non-Coded psaA/ycf3 Intergenic Region in The Chloroplast Genome in Türkiye”, Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections. 7(2), 45-58, 2023. Doyle, J.J. and Doyle, J.L., “A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue”, Phytochemical Bulletin, 19, 11-15, 1987. Cullings, K.W., “Design and testing of a plant-specific PCR primer for ecological and evolutionary studies”, Molecular Ecology, 1: 233-240, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00182.x Yeh, F.C., Yang, R.C. and Boyle, T., POPGENE Version 1.32: Microsoft Window-Based Freeware for Population Genetics Analysis, University of Alberta, Edmonton, 1999. Peakall, R. and Smouse, P.E., “GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research: an update”, Bioinformatics, 28: 2537-2539, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts460 Nei, M., “Molecular Evolutionary Genetics”, Columbia University Press, New York, 1987. Kimura, M. and Crow, J.F., “Effect of overall phenotypic selection on genetic change at individual loci”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 75(12): 6168-6171, 1978. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.75.12.6168 Page, R.D.M., “Visualizing Phylogenetic Trees Using TreeView”. Current protocols in bioinformatics, 6 (2): 1-15, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471250953.bi0602s01 Nei, M., “Genetic Distance Between Populations”, American Naturalist, 106: 283-292, 1972. https://doi.org/10.1086/282771 Ovesna, J., Polakova, K. and Leisova, L., “DNA analyses and their applications in plant breeding”, Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 38(1): 29–40, 2002. https://doi.org/10.17221/6108-CJGPB Hamrick, J.L., Godt, M.J.W. and Sherman-Broyles, S.L., “Factors influencing genetic diversity in woody plant species”, New Forests, 6: 95–124, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00120641 Wright, S., “The Genetical Structure of Populations”. Annals of Eugenics, 15: 323-354, 1951. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.1949.tb02451.x Bi, X.Q., Jin, X.Z. and Li, H.J., “Genetic diversity in the natural populations of Liquidambar formosana revealed by ISSR molecular markers”, Bulletin of Botanical Research, 30: 120–125, 2010. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11020203 Sun, R., Lin, F.R., Huang, P. and Zheng, Y., “Moderate genetic diversity and genetic differentiation in the relict tree Liquidambar formosana Hance revealed by genic simple sequence repeat markers”, Frontiers in Plant Science, 7:1411, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01411 Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil İngilizce Konular Bitki Hücresi ve Moleküler Biyoloji, Genetik (Diğer) Bölüm Articles Yazarlar Ömer Yüzer DOGUS UNIVERSITY, VOCATIONAL SCHOOL 0000-0003-0209-324X Türkiye
Alper Tonguç MUGLA SITKI KOCMAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE 0000-0002-2613-3114 Türkiye
Ersin Doğaç MUGLA SITKI KOCMAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE 0000-0003-4426-2187 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ocak 2024 Kabul Tarihi 3 Nisan 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster APA Yüzer, Ö., Tonguç, A., & Doğaç, E. (2024). GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology, 10(1), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.1419958 AMA Yüzer Ö, Tonguç A, Doğaç E. GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology. Haziran 2024;10(1):42-50. doi:10.22531/muglajsci.1419958 Chicago Yüzer, Ömer, Alper Tonguç, ve Ersin Doğaç. “GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS”. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology 10, sy. 1 (Haziran 2024): 42-50. https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.1419958. EndNote Yüzer Ö, Tonguç A, Doğaç E (01 Haziran 2024) GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology 10 1 42–50. IEEE Ö. Yüzer, A. Tonguç, ve E. Doğaç, “GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS”, Mugla Journal of Science and Technology , c. 10, sy. 1, ss. 42–50, 2024, doi: 10.22531/muglajsci.1419958. ISNAD Yüzer, Ömer vd. “GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS”. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology 10/1 (Haziran 2024), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.1419958. JAMA Yüzer Ö, Tonguç A, Doğaç E. GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology . 2024;10:42–50. MLA Yüzer, Ömer vd. “GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS”. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology, c. 10, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 42-50, doi:10.22531/muglajsci.1419958. Vancouver Yüzer Ö, Tonguç A, Doğaç E. GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS (ALTINGIACEAE) POPULATIONS. Mugla Journal of Science and Technology. 2024;10(1):42-50.
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