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KUR’ÂN-I KERÎM’DE HABER CÜMLELERİ VE J. L. AUSTİN’İN SÖZ EDİMLERİ KURAMI Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 443 – 462, 30.06.2024
Mustafa Ergin
https://doi.org/10.46353/k7auifd.1437129
Öz Söz edimleri kuramı, 20. yüzyılın ortalarında Oxford filozofu J. L. Austin’in Harvard Üniversitesi’nde verdiği dersler sırasında ortaya koyduğu ve gündelik dil felsefesi anlayışına dayalı olarak geliştirdiği bir dil felsefesi kuramıdır. Anlamlı dilsel ifadeleri ilk olarak edimsel ve saptayıcılar olarak taksim eden Austin, böylece anlamlı ifadelerin sadece doğrulanabilir nitelikteki deskriptif ifadeler olduğu şeklindeki görüşe karşı edimsel ifadeleri de anlamlı ifadeler olarak kabul ettiğini göstermiştir. Bir şey söylemek bir şey yapmaktır şeklinde ifade ettiği edimselliği, bütün dilsel ifadeler için genelleştiren Austin’e göre edimsel olmayan ifadeler de bir şey söyleme noktasında başlı başına bir fiildirler. Edimsel ve saptayıcı ifadeleri mezcederek yeni bir üçlü tasnif oluşturan Austin, bunları düzsöz, edimsöz ve etkisöz edimleri olarak ifade etmiştir. Bu tasnife göre her dilsel ifade sarf edildiğinde bu edimlerden en az biri gerçekleşmektedir. Öyle ki kişi bir şey söylediğinde düzsöz, bir şey söylemekle bir fiil işlediğinde edimsöz, bir şey söylemekle muhatabı üzerinde bir etki oluşturduğunda etkisöz edimleri gerçekleştirir. Söz edimleri kuramı ve üçlü tasnif muhteva açısından incelendiğinde özellikle edimsel ve saptayıcı ifadeler arasındaki ayrım, sözlerin işlevleri açısından düzsöz, edimsöz ve etkisöz açısından sınıflandırılması ve bu ifadelerin muhatabın durumuna göre birbirlerine ait görevleri yerine getirebiliyor olmaları, mahiyet, muhteva ve işlev açısından belagat ilminin me‘ânî bölümünde ele alınan ve sözün söylenme biçimini ifade eden haber-inşâ konusunu akla getirmektedir. Genel tanımı açısından haber cümleleri, mahiyetleri itibariyle bir haberi, durumu, eylemi, olayı veya niteliği bildirme amacıyla kurulan, dolayısıyla doğru ya da yanlış olarak nitelendirilmesi mümkün olan cümlelerdir. Haber cümlelerine mukabil olarak inşâ cümleleri ise taşıdıkları muhteva itibariyle doğru ya da yanlış olarak nitelendirilmesi mümkün olmayan cümleler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Arap dilinde haber cümlelerinin muhatabın durumu ve bağlama göre üzüntü, alay etme, övme, yerme, uyarma ve kınama gibi manalar ifade edebiliyor oluşu, Austin’in düzsöz ediminin duruma göre edimsöz ve etkisöz edimlerinin taşıdıkları manaları ifade edebileceği görüşüyle en azından işlevsellik açısından paralellik arz etmektedir. İlahi bir hitap olan ve Arap diliyle nâzil olan Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in ayetleri de haberî ve inşâî cümlelerden oluşmakta ve Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in mahiyeti ve gayeleri itibariyle emir ve nehiy ayetlerinin dışında kalan haberî ifadelerle de nâzil olduğu toplumda dinî ve ahlakî dönüşümler gerçekleştirmeyi amaçladığı müsellemdir. Bu araştırmada, Austin tarafından ortaya konulan söz edimleri kuramı içerisinde saptayıcı/betimleyici ifadelere karşılık gelecek şekilde kullanılan düzsöz ediminin Kur’ân bağlamında Arap dilindeki haberî cümleler ile bazı yönlerden ilişkilendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu ilişki, düzsöz ediminin müktezây-ı hâle ve metin bağlamına göre edimsöz ve etkisöz edimlerini ifade etmesi ile haber cümlelerinin aynı gerekçelere bağlı olarak aslî anlamları dışına çıkarak inşâî manalar ifade etmesi irtibatı üzerinden gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu irtibat ise haberî cümle formunda gelen ve Hz. Peygamber’e yönelik ikaz ifade ettikleri anlaşılan bazı itâb ayetlerinin nüzul sebeplerine dair tefsir literatüründeki görüşler üzerinden sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Haber-İnşâ ayrımı ve Söz Edimleri Kuramı arasında birçok farklılık bulunmakla birlikle araştırma neticesinde düzsöz ediminin sözün siyakı ve bağlamı gibi sebeplerden ötürü edimsöz ve etkisöz edimlerini yerine getirdiği ve bu yapısının Kur’ân’da haberî formda gelen ayetlerin anlam genişliğini görmede bir açılım sağladığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Kur’ân’daki haberî ifadelerin bu kuram bağlamında incelendiğinde zahirleri itibariyle düzsöz edimine, taşıdıkları mesajların ise nüzul ortamında gerçekleştirdiği edimler ve tesirler açısından incelendiğinde edimsöz ve etkisöz edimlerine karşılık geldiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca modern dönemde ortaya çıkan bir dil kuramından kendisinden asırlar önce varlığa gelen Kur’ân’ın anlam zenginliğini göstermede istifade edilebileceği görülmüştür. Ayrıca ilgili kuram ile yapılan bu sınırla çalışma özellikle ilahiyat araştırmacılarının dikkatine sunulmuş ve ilgili kuram ile din dili arasındaki ilişkiye dair daha kapsamlı çalışmaların imkânı gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler Tefsir, Kur'ân Dili, Söz Edimleri, Haber, İnşâ, İtâb Ayetleri
Kaynakça Alî el-Cârim – Mustafa Emîn. el-Belâğatü’l-Vâdıha. Mısır: Dâru’l-Ma‘ârif, ts. Altınörs, Atakan. Anlam Doğrulama ve Edimsellik. İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları, 2001. Aristoteles. Organon II: Önerme. çev. Hamdi Ragıp Atademir. İstanbul: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları, 1996. Ateş, Avnullah Enes. “Bir Tercüme Problemi Olarak Kur’an’da Haber ve İnşâ Cümlelerinin Mecazî Kullanımları.” I. Uluslararası İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, içinde 145-149, Karabük: Karabük Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2018. Austin, J. L. Söylemek ve Yapmak. Çev. R. Levent Aysever. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 2. basım, 2017. Bağcı, Okan. "Vahiy Bağlamında Edimsöz Edimleri ve Dil-Dünya Arasındaki Uyumun Yönü." Pamukkale Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2/8 (2021), 1141-1157. Çelebi, Vedat. “Gündelik Dil Felsefesi ve Austin’in Söz Edimleri Kuramı.” Beytulhikme An International Journal of Philosophy 4/1 (2014), 73-89. Doğan, Gürkan. “Söylemin Yorumlanması”. Söylem Üzerine. ed. Ahmet Kocaman, içinde 82-104, Ankara: METU Press, 2003. Er, Hasan. Dinî Sözcelerin Edimselliği. Bursa: Uludağ Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 2019. Fidan, Ayşenur. “Kur’ân’da Geleceğe Dair Gaybî Haberler”. Bilimname 38 (2019), 835-862. Gezer, Süleyman. “İnşâ-Haber Bağlamında Kur’an Dilinin Yapısı”. Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 6/11 (2007), 135-153. Görgün, Tahsin. “İnşa-Haber Ayrımı ve Kur’ân’ın Anlaşılması”. Kur’an ve Dil: Dilbilim ve Hermenötik Sempozyumu, içinde 443-460. Van: Bakanlar Matbaası, 2001. el-Haşîmî, Ahmed b. İbrâhîm b. Mustafâ. Cevâhiru’l-Belâğa. Beyrût: el-Mektebetü’l-‘Asriyye, ts. Hirik, Erkan. "Söz Edimleri Kuramı Bağlamında Atasözleri-Deyimlerde Toplum/Topluluk Adları ve Duygu Değerleri.". Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi 11/24 (2018), 158-177. İbn ‘Atiyye, Ebu Muhammed Abdulhak b. Gâlib b. Abdirrahmân b. Temmâm el-Endelûsî. el-Muharreru’l-Vecîz. thk. Abdusselâm Abduşşâfî Muhammed. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Kutubi’l-ʿİlmiyye, 2001. İbn Ebî Hâtim, Ebû Muhammed ʿAbdurrahmân b. Muhammed er-Râzî. thk. Esad Muhammed et- Tayyib. Tefsîru’l-Kur‘âni’l-Azīm. Riyad: Mektebetü Nizâr Mustafâ el-Bâz, 1998. Karagöz, Mustafa. “Osmanlı Hat Levhalarının Söz Edimleri Perspektifinden Değerlendirilmesi”. Osmanlı Toplumunda Kur’an Kültürü ve Tefsir Çalışmaları -I-. ed. Bilal Gökkır – Necmettin Gökkır – Muhammed Abay – Ömer Kara – Necdet Yılmaz – Mustafa Karagöz. içinde 187-204. İstanbul: İlim Yayma Vakfı Kur’an ve Tefsir Akademisi, 2011. el-Kazvînî, Ebu’l-Me‘âlî Celaleddîn el-Hatîb Muhammed. el-Îdâh fî ‘ulûmi’l-belâğa. thk. Muhammed Hafâcî. 4 cilt. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Cîl, 3. basım, ts. el-Kazvînî, Ebu’l-Me‘âlî Celaleddîn el-Hatîb Muhammed. Telhisu'l-Miftâh. Pakistan: Mektebetü’l-Büşrâ, 2010. Kollektif. Kur’an Yolu Türkçe Meal ve Tefsir (5 Cilt Takım). Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, 4. basım, 2014. Levinson, C. S. Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Lyon, John. Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Matlûb, Ahmed. Mu‘cemu’l-mustalahâti’l-belâğa ve tetavvuruhâ. Beyrut: Mektebetü Lübnân, 2007. el-Mâverdî, Ebu’l-Hasan Alî b. Muhammed. en-Nüket ve’l-‘Uyûn. thk. Seyyid İbn Abdilmaksûd b. Abdirrahîm. 6 cilt. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Kütübi’l-ʿİlmiyye, ts. Mukâtil b. Süleymân, Ebu’l-Hasen. Tefsîrü Mukâtil. thk. Abdullâh Mahmûd Şahhâte. Beyrût: Dâru İhyâi’t-Türâsi’l- ‘Arabî, 2002. Özcan, Zeki. Dil Felsefesi 2 (Gündelik Dil Paradigması). Bursa: Sentez Yayım ve Dağıtım Tic. San. A. Ş., 2016. Özcan, Zeki. Dil Felsefesi IV (Austin’de Eylemsel Paradigma). Bursa: Sentez Yayıncılık, 2020. Ricoeur, Paul. “Anlamlı Eylemi Bir Metin Gibi Görmek”. Toplum Bilimlerinde Yorumcu Yaklaşım. çev. Taha Parla. İstanbul: Hürriyet Vakfı Yayınları, 1990. es-Sa‘lebî, Ebû İshâk ‘Ahmed b. Muhammed b. İbrâhîm. el-Keşf ve’l-Beyân an Tefsîri’l-Ḳur‘ân. thk. İbn ‘Âşûr. 10 cilt. Beyrut: Dâru İhyâi’t-Türâsi’l- ‘Arabî, 2002. Searle, John. Söz Edimleri. çev. R. Levent Aysever. Ankara: Ayraç Yayınevi, 2000. Searle, John. “How To Derive ‘Ought’ from ‘Is’”. The Philosophical Review 73 (January 1964). es-Sekkâkî, Ebū Ya‘kûb Sirâceddîn Yûsuf b. Ebû Bekr b. Muhammed. Miftâhu’l-‘ulûm. Beyrût: Dâru’l-Kütübi’l-ʿİlmiyye, 1987. es-Süyûtî, Celâlüddîn. el-İtkân fî ulûmi’l-Kur‘ân. thk. Muhammed Ebu'l-Fadl İbrâhîm. 4 cilt. Mısır: el-Hey'etü’l-Mısriyyetü’l-‘Âmme li’l-Kutub, 1974. et-Taberî, Muhammed b. Cerîr. Câmiʿu’l-beyân fî tefsîri’l-Kur‘ân. thk. ‘Ahmed Muhammed Şâkir. 24 cilt. Beyrut: Müessesetü’r-Risâle, 2000. Zeyrek, Deniz. “Söylem ve Toplum”. Söylem Üzerine. ed. Ahmet Kocaman, içinde 27-47. Ankara: METU Press, 2003.
INFORMATIVE SENTENCES IN THE QUR'AN AND J. L. AUSTIN'S SPEECH ACT THEORY Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 443 – 462, 30.06.2024
Mustafa Ergin
https://doi.org/10.46353/k7auifd.1437129
Öz The theory of speech acts is a theory of philosophy of language developed by the Oxford philosopher J. L. Austin during his lectures at Harvard University in the mid-20th century, based on his understanding of everyday philosophy of language. Austin, who first divided meaningful linguistic expressions into pragmatic and determinative ones, thus showed that he accepted pragmatic expressions as meaningful expressions against the view that meaningful expressions are only verifiable descriptive expressions. According to Austin, who generalises performativity, which he expresses as saying something is doing something, for all linguistic expressions, non-practical expressions are also a verb in themselves in terms of saying something. Austin, who created a new triadic classification by combining pragmatic and determinative expressions, expressed them as the locutionary act, the illocutionary act, and the perlocutionary act. According to this classification, when every linguistic expression is uttered, at least one of these acts is realised. Thus, when a person says something, he/she realises prose acts, when he/she commits an act by saying something, he/she realises pragmatic acts, and when he/she creates an effect on his/her interlocutor by saying something, he/she realises effect speech acts. When the theory of speech acts and the triple classification are analysed in terms of content, especially the distinction between performative and determinative expressions, the classification of utterances in terms of their functions in terms of direct speech, performative speech and effect speech, and the fact that these expressions can fulfil each other’s tasks according to the state of the interlocutor bring to mind the subject of Khabar-Inshā’, which is discussed in the me’ânî section of the science of rhetoric in terms of nature, content and function and expresses the way the word is said. The fact that informative sentences in the Arabic language can express meanings such as sadness, ridicule, praise, praise, reproach, warning and condemnation according to the situation of the interlocutor and the context is parallel to Austin’s view that prose speech act can express the meanings carried by the speech acts and effect speech acts according to the situation, at least in terms of functionality. The verses of the Qur’ân al-kerîm, which is a divine address and revealed in the Arabic language, also consist of foretelling and performative sentences, and it is obvious that the Qur’ân al-kerîm aims to realise religious and moral transformations in the society in which it is revealed with foretelling expressions other than command and prohibition verses in terms of its nature and purposes. In this study, it is aimed to relate the prose speech act, which is used to correspond to determinative/descriptive expressions within the theory of speech acts put forward by Austin, with the reported sentences in the Arabic language in the context of the Qur’an in some aspects. This relationship is tried to be shown through the connection between the fact that the prose verb expresses the verb and effect verbs according to the situation and the textual context, and that the informative sentences express performative meanings by going beyond their original meanings depending on the same reasons. This connection has been tried to be provided through the views in the exegetical literature on the reasons for the revelation of some verses of reproach, which come in the form of informative sentences and are understood to express a warning to the Prophet. Although there are many differences between the distinction between Khabar-Inshā’ and the speech acts theory, the research concluded that the prose speech act fulfils the speech acts of speech act and effect speech acts due to reasons such as the context and the context of the word, and this structure provides an opening to see the breadth of meaning of the verses in the Qur’an that come in the form of information in the Qur’an. In this context, it has been seen that when the messianic expressions in the Qur’an are analysed in the context of this theory, they correspond to prose in terms of their appearance, and when the messages they carry are analysed in terms of the acts and effects they have performed in the environment of the occurrence, it has been seen that they correspond to the speech acts and effect speech acts. In addition, it has been seen that a linguistic theory that emerged in the modern period can be utilised to show the richness of meaning of the Qur’an, which came into existence centuries before it. In addition, this limited study with the related theory has been presented to the attention of the theological researchers and the possibility of more comprehensive studies on the relationship between the related theory and the language of religion has been tried to be shown.
Anahtar Kelimeler Tafsīr, Qur'anic Language, Speech Acts, Khabar, Inshā’, Verses of Reprimand.
Kaynakça Alî el-Cârim – Mustafa Emîn. el-Belâğatü’l-Vâdıha. Mısır: Dâru’l-Ma‘ârif, ts. Altınörs, Atakan. Anlam Doğrulama ve Edimsellik. İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları, 2001. Aristoteles. Organon II: Önerme. çev. Hamdi Ragıp Atademir. İstanbul: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları, 1996. Ateş, Avnullah Enes. “Bir Tercüme Problemi Olarak Kur’an’da Haber ve İnşâ Cümlelerinin Mecazî Kullanımları.” I. Uluslararası İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, içinde 145-149, Karabük: Karabük Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2018. Austin, J. L. Söylemek ve Yapmak. Çev. R. Levent Aysever. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 2. basım, 2017. Bağcı, Okan. "Vahiy Bağlamında Edimsöz Edimleri ve Dil-Dünya Arasındaki Uyumun Yönü." Pamukkale Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2/8 (2021), 1141-1157. Çelebi, Vedat. “Gündelik Dil Felsefesi ve Austin’in Söz Edimleri Kuramı.” Beytulhikme An International Journal of Philosophy 4/1 (2014), 73-89. Doğan, Gürkan. “Söylemin Yorumlanması”. Söylem Üzerine. ed. Ahmet Kocaman, içinde 82-104, Ankara: METU Press, 2003. Er, Hasan. Dinî Sözcelerin Edimselliği. Bursa: Uludağ Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 2019. Fidan, Ayşenur. “Kur’ân’da Geleceğe Dair Gaybî Haberler”. Bilimname 38 (2019), 835-862. Gezer, Süleyman. “İnşâ-Haber Bağlamında Kur’an Dilinin Yapısı”. Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 6/11 (2007), 135-153. Görgün, Tahsin. “İnşa-Haber Ayrımı ve Kur’ân’ın Anlaşılması”. Kur’an ve Dil: Dilbilim ve Hermenötik Sempozyumu, içinde 443-460. Van: Bakanlar Matbaası, 2001. el-Haşîmî, Ahmed b. İbrâhîm b. Mustafâ. Cevâhiru’l-Belâğa. Beyrût: el-Mektebetü’l-‘Asriyye, ts. Hirik, Erkan. "Söz Edimleri Kuramı Bağlamında Atasözleri-Deyimlerde Toplum/Topluluk Adları ve Duygu Değerleri.". Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi 11/24 (2018), 158-177. İbn ‘Atiyye, Ebu Muhammed Abdulhak b. Gâlib b. Abdirrahmân b. Temmâm el-Endelûsî. el-Muharreru’l-Vecîz. thk. Abdusselâm Abduşşâfî Muhammed. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Kutubi’l-ʿİlmiyye, 2001. İbn Ebî Hâtim, Ebû Muhammed ʿAbdurrahmân b. Muhammed er-Râzî. thk. Esad Muhammed et- Tayyib. Tefsîru’l-Kur‘âni’l-Azīm. Riyad: Mektebetü Nizâr Mustafâ el-Bâz, 1998. Karagöz, Mustafa. “Osmanlı Hat Levhalarının Söz Edimleri Perspektifinden Değerlendirilmesi”. Osmanlı Toplumunda Kur’an Kültürü ve Tefsir Çalışmaları -I-. ed. Bilal Gökkır – Necmettin Gökkır – Muhammed Abay – Ömer Kara – Necdet Yılmaz – Mustafa Karagöz. içinde 187-204. İstanbul: İlim Yayma Vakfı Kur’an ve Tefsir Akademisi, 2011. el-Kazvînî, Ebu’l-Me‘âlî Celaleddîn el-Hatîb Muhammed. el-Îdâh fî ‘ulûmi’l-belâğa. thk. Muhammed Hafâcî. 4 cilt. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Cîl, 3. basım, ts. el-Kazvînî, Ebu’l-Me‘âlî Celaleddîn el-Hatîb Muhammed. Telhisu'l-Miftâh. Pakistan: Mektebetü’l-Büşrâ, 2010. Kollektif. Kur’an Yolu Türkçe Meal ve Tefsir (5 Cilt Takım). Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, 4. basım, 2014. Levinson, C. S. Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Lyon, John. Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Matlûb, Ahmed. Mu‘cemu’l-mustalahâti’l-belâğa ve tetavvuruhâ. Beyrut: Mektebetü Lübnân, 2007. el-Mâverdî, Ebu’l-Hasan Alî b. Muhammed. en-Nüket ve’l-‘Uyûn. thk. Seyyid İbn Abdilmaksûd b. Abdirrahîm. 6 cilt. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Kütübi’l-ʿİlmiyye, ts. Mukâtil b. Süleymân, Ebu’l-Hasen. Tefsîrü Mukâtil. thk. Abdullâh Mahmûd Şahhâte. Beyrût: Dâru İhyâi’t-Türâsi’l- ‘Arabî, 2002. Özcan, Zeki. Dil Felsefesi 2 (Gündelik Dil Paradigması). Bursa: Sentez Yayım ve Dağıtım Tic. San. A. Ş., 2016. Özcan, Zeki. Dil Felsefesi IV (Austin’de Eylemsel Paradigma). Bursa: Sentez Yayıncılık, 2020. Ricoeur, Paul. “Anlamlı Eylemi Bir Metin Gibi Görmek”. Toplum Bilimlerinde Yorumcu Yaklaşım. çev. Taha Parla. İstanbul: Hürriyet Vakfı Yayınları, 1990. es-Sa‘lebî, Ebû İshâk ‘Ahmed b. Muhammed b. İbrâhîm. el-Keşf ve’l-Beyân an Tefsîri’l-Ḳur‘ân. thk. İbn ‘Âşûr. 10 cilt. Beyrut: Dâru İhyâi’t-Türâsi’l- ‘Arabî, 2002. Searle, John. Söz Edimleri. çev. R. Levent Aysever. Ankara: Ayraç Yayınevi, 2000. Searle, John. “How To Derive ‘Ought’ from ‘Is’”. The Philosophical Review 73 (January 1964). es-Sekkâkî, Ebū Ya‘kûb Sirâceddîn Yûsuf b. Ebû Bekr b. Muhammed. Miftâhu’l-‘ulûm. Beyrût: Dâru’l-Kütübi’l-ʿİlmiyye, 1987. es-Süyûtî, Celâlüddîn. el-İtkân fî ulûmi’l-Kur‘ân. thk. Muhammed Ebu'l-Fadl İbrâhîm. 4 cilt. Mısır: el-Hey'etü’l-Mısriyyetü’l-‘Âmme li’l-Kutub, 1974. et-Taberî, Muhammed b. Cerîr. Câmiʿu’l-beyân fî tefsîri’l-Kur‘ân. thk. ‘Ahmed Muhammed Şâkir. 24 cilt. Beyrut: Müessesetü’r-Risâle, 2000. Zeyrek, Deniz. “Söylem ve Toplum”. Söylem Üzerine. ed. Ahmet Kocaman, içinde 27-47. Ankara: METU Press, 2003. Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Tefsir Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ Yazarlar Mustafa Ergin KİLİS 7 ARALIK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İLAHİYAT FAKÜLTESİ 0000-0001-5674-1439 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Şubat 2024 Kabul Tarihi 27 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster ISNAD Ergin, Mustafa. “KUR’ÂN-I KERÎM’DE HABER CÜMLELERİ VE J. L. AUSTİN’İN SÖZ EDİMLERİ KURAMI”. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 11/1 (Haziran 2024), 443-462. https://doi.org/10.46353/k7auifd.1437129.
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