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Babanzâde Ahmet Naim’in Milliyetçilik Eleştirisi: İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet Özelinde Bir İnceleme Skip to content Yıl 2024, Sayı: 8, 45 – 58, 30.06.2024
Tanju Toka
Öz The primary aim of this study is to identify Babanzade Ahmet Naim’s criticisms of the ideology of nationalism, focusing on his article İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet, and to demonstrate the attention this article received in the Turkish publishing world during the Republican era. To achieve this aim, the conceptual framework of the ideology of nationalism will first be discussed based on self-consciousness. Subsequently, Babanzade’s criticisms of the ideology of nationalism will be expounded upon. Finally, the interest in the Turkish publishing world during the Republican era and the reasons behind this interest will be examined. Thus, the examination of nationalism debates that emerged before the Republic, specifically through the lens of the article İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet, delineates the focus and boundaries of the study. This article is chosen due to its more systematic and comprehensive approach compared to Babanzade’s other works focusing on nationalist critiques, their clear advocacy of the prohibition of nationalism in Islam, and their support of this stance with religious arguments. Additionally, this study aims to modestly contribute to the debates on nationalism during the transition from the late Ottoman period to the early Republic by examining them through the article İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet and to offer a humble contribution to the discussions between Islam and nationalistic perspectives.
Anahtar Kelimeler Self-awareness, Nationalism, Turkism, Islam, Babanzâde Ahmet Naim
Kaynakça Ağaoğlu, A. (2014a). Sâbık Trabzon Valisi Süleymân Nazîf Beyefendiye. (haz.) Mehmet Kaan Çalen-Halûk Kayıc. Meşruiyetten Cumhuriyete: Modern Türk Düşüncesinde Milliyetçilik içinde (ss. 276-282). İstanbul: Bilgeoğuz. Ağaoğlu, A. (2014b). İslam’da Dava-yı Milliyet. (haz.) İsmail Kara. Türkiye’de İslâmcılık Düşüncesi: Metinler/Kişiler içinde. (c. I). İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Aktar, C. (2008). Osmanlı Kozmopolitizminden Avrupa Kozmopolitizmine Giden Yolda Ulus Parantezi. (ed.) Tanıl Bora. Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce: Milliyetçilik içinde. (ss. 77-80). (c. IV). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Alakel, M. (2011). İlk Dönem Cumhuriyet Türkiye’si Ulus İnşası Sürecinde Milliyetçilik ve Sivil-Etnik İkilemine Dair Teorik Tartışmalar. Gazi Akademik Bakış. (ss. 1-30). (c. V). (sy. 9). Alkan, M. Ö. (2004). İmparatorluk’tan Cumhuriyet’e Modernleşme ve Ulusçuluk Sürecinde Eğitim. (der.) Kemal H. Karpat. (çev.) Sönmez Taner. Osmanlı Geçmişi ve Bugünün Türkiye’si içinde. (ss. 73-242). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları. Aslan, S. (2022). Babanzâde Ahmed Naîm’in (1872-1934) Bilimler Sınıflandırmasında Felsefe ve Bilim’in Mahiyeti. Babanzâde Ahmed Naîm (Ailesi ve İlmi Kişiliği). (ed.) İbrahim Özcoşar-Ali Karakaş-Uğur Yiğiz-Mahsun Atsız. İstanbul: Divan Kitap. (ss. 325-343). Beyatlı, Y. K. (1986). Siyâsî ve Edebî Portreler. İstanbul: İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti. Bıçak, A. (2005). Tarih Düşüncesi IV: Tarih Metafizikleri. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Bıçak, A. (2019). Tarih Felsefesi. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Bıçak, A. (Mart/2014). Tarih Bilgisi. Kutadgubilig: Felsefe-Bilim Araştırmaları Dergisi. (ss. 11-39). (sy. XXV). Çelen, M. K. (2020). Ahmet Ağaoğlu’nda İslâm ve Milliyetçilik İlişkisi. Milliyetçilik Araştırmaları Dergisi. (ss. 27-46). (c. II). (sy. II). Düzdağ, M. E. (1976). Türkiye’de İslâm ve Irkçılık Meselesi. İstanbul: Cihad Yayınları. Gökalp, Z. (1976). Türkleşmek, İslâmlaşmak, Muasırlaşmak. (haz.) İbrahim Kutluk. Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları. Hansu, H. (2007). Secdede Biten Bir Ömür: Babanzâde Ahmet Naim. İstanbul: Kaynak Yayınları. Hülür, H.- Akça, G. (2007). İmparatorluktan Cumhuriyete Siyasal Bütünlük ve Ulusalcılık Söylemi, Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi. (ss. 311-335). (sy. XXII). Kara, İ. (2014). Türkiye’de İslâmcılık Düşüncesi: Metinler/Kişiler. (c. I). İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Kara, İ. (2018). İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet’in Esas Meselesi Ne İdi?. (ed.) M. Cüneyt Kaya-İsmail Kara. Babanzâde Ahmet Naim Hayatı-Eserleri-Fikirleri içinde. (ss. 191-215). İstanbul: Zeytinburnu Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları. Keskintaş, O. (2020). II. Meşrutiyet Döneminde İslamcıların Milliyetçilik Tartışması: Babanzade Ahmet Naim Örneği. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. (ss. 143-159). (c. VIII). Kur’an’ı Kerim Meâli. (2011). haz. Halil Altuntaş̧; Muzaffer Şahin, Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Bakanlığı Yayınları. Mardin, Ş. (1990). Türkiye’de Toplum ve Siyaset: Makaleler 1. der. Mümtazer Türköne-Tuncay Önder, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Nafiz, S. (2014). Cengiz Hastalığı. (haz.) Mehmet Kaan Çalen-Halûk Kayıc. Meşruiyetten Cumhuriyete: Modern Türk Düşüncesinde Milliyetçilik içinde. (ss. 283-284). İstanbul: Bilgeoğuz. Naim, B. A. (1912). Hadîs-i Şerîf. (yay. haz.) İskender Türe. Sebîlürreşâd. (ss. 65-67). (c. IX). (sy. 212). İstanbul: Bağcılar Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları Dizisi. Naim, B. A. (1914). İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet. (yay. haz.) İskender Türe. Sebîlürreşâd. (ss. 112-125). (c. XII). (sy. 293). İstanbul: Bağcılar Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları Dizisi. Naim, B. A. (1963). İslâm Irkçılığı Menetmiştir. (neş.) Abdullah Işıklar. İstanbul: Sönmez Matbaası. Naim, B. A. (1979). İslâm Irkçılığı Menetmiştir. (neş.) Ömer Lütfi Zararsız. Ankara: İkbal Yayınları. Naim, B. A. (2005). İslâm Irkçılığı Menetmiştir. (neş.) Abdullah Işıklar. İstanbul: İhvan Neşriyat. Naim, B. A. (2013c). İslâm’da Kavmiyetçilik Yoktur. İstanbul: Bedir Yayınevi. Naim, B. A. (2013d). İslam’da Dava-yı Kavmiyyet. İstanbul: Nûbihar Yayınları. Naim, B. A. (2018a). Arap İhvânımıza Bir Nasihatımız. (ed.) M. Cüneyt Kaya-İsmail Kara. Babanzâde Ahmet Naim Hayatı-Eserleri-Fikirleri içinde. (ss. 343-345). İstanbul: Zeytinburnu Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları. Naim, B. A. (2018b). Arap İttihâd Kulübü. (ed.) M. Cüneyt Kaya-İsmail Kara. Babanzâde Ahmet Naim Hayatı-Eserleri-Fikirleri içinde. (ss. 346-351). İstanbul: Zeytinburnu Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları. Naim, B. A. (hicri 1332). İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet. İstanbul: Tevsî’-i Tıbaat Matbaası. Özden. H. Ö. (2022). Yahya Kemal Beyatlı ve Babanzade Ahmet Naim Bey Çekişmesi. Söğüt. (ss. 24-30). (sy. XVIII). Tol Göktürk, E. D. (2008). 1919-1923 Dönemi Türk Milliyetçilikleri, (ed.) Tanıl Bora. Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce: Milliyetçilik içinde. (ss. 103-116). (c. IV). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
Babanzâde Ahmet Naim’in Milliyetçilik Eleştirisi: İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet Özelinde Bir İnceleme Yıl 2024, Sayı: 8, 45 – 58, 30.06.2024
Tanju Toka
Öz Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet makalesini merkeze alarak Babanzâde Ahmet Naim’in milliyetçilik ideolojisine yönelik eleştirilerini tespit etmek ve bu makalenin Cumhuriyet dönemi Türkçe yayın dünyasında gördüğü ilgiyi ortaya koymaktır. Bu amacın gerçekleştirilmesi için ilk olarak kendilik bilinci temelinde milliyetçilik ideolojisinin kavramsal zemini tartışılacaktır; sonrasında, Babanzâde’nin milliyetçilik ideolojisine yönelik eleştirileri serimlenecektir. Son olarak, Cumhuriyet dönemi Türkiye’sinde Türkçe yayın dünyasında gördüğü ilgi ve bu ilginin oluşmasını sağlayan nedenler tartışılacaktır. Böylece Cumhuriyet öncesi dönemde ortaya çıkan milliyetçilik tartışmalarının İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet makalesi özelinde incelenmesi, çalışmanın odağını ve sınırlarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu makale milliyetçilik eleştirilerini merkeze alan Babanzâde’nin diğer çalışmalarına kıyasla daha sistematik ve kapsamlı olması, İslâm’da milliyetçiliğin yasaklandığı iddiasını net bir şekilde savunması ve bunu dinî argümanlarla desteklemesi nedeniyle seçilmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmayla geç Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’in erken dönemine geçiş sürecindeki milliyetçilik tartışmalarını, İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet makalesi üzerinden inceleyerek, İslâmiyet ve milliyetçilik görüşleri arasındaki tartışmalara mütevazi bir katkı sunulması hedeflemektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Kendilik bilinci, Milliyetçilik, İslâm, Türkçülük, Babanzâde Ahmet Naim
Kaynakça Ağaoğlu, A. (2014a). Sâbık Trabzon Valisi Süleymân Nazîf Beyefendiye. (haz.) Mehmet Kaan Çalen-Halûk Kayıc. Meşruiyetten Cumhuriyete: Modern Türk Düşüncesinde Milliyetçilik içinde (ss. 276-282). İstanbul: Bilgeoğuz. Ağaoğlu, A. (2014b). İslam’da Dava-yı Milliyet. (haz.) İsmail Kara. Türkiye’de İslâmcılık Düşüncesi: Metinler/Kişiler içinde. (c. I). İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Aktar, C. (2008). Osmanlı Kozmopolitizminden Avrupa Kozmopolitizmine Giden Yolda Ulus Parantezi. (ed.) Tanıl Bora. Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce: Milliyetçilik içinde. (ss. 77-80). (c. IV). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Alakel, M. (2011). İlk Dönem Cumhuriyet Türkiye’si Ulus İnşası Sürecinde Milliyetçilik ve Sivil-Etnik İkilemine Dair Teorik Tartışmalar. Gazi Akademik Bakış. (ss. 1-30). (c. V). (sy. 9). Alkan, M. Ö. (2004). İmparatorluk’tan Cumhuriyet’e Modernleşme ve Ulusçuluk Sürecinde Eğitim. (der.) Kemal H. Karpat. (çev.) Sönmez Taner. Osmanlı Geçmişi ve Bugünün Türkiye’si içinde. (ss. 73-242). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları. Aslan, S. (2022). Babanzâde Ahmed Naîm’in (1872-1934) Bilimler Sınıflandırmasında Felsefe ve Bilim’in Mahiyeti. Babanzâde Ahmed Naîm (Ailesi ve İlmi Kişiliği). (ed.) İbrahim Özcoşar-Ali Karakaş-Uğur Yiğiz-Mahsun Atsız. İstanbul: Divan Kitap. (ss. 325-343). Beyatlı, Y. K. (1986). Siyâsî ve Edebî Portreler. İstanbul: İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti. Bıçak, A. (2005). Tarih Düşüncesi IV: Tarih Metafizikleri. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Bıçak, A. (2019). Tarih Felsefesi. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Bıçak, A. (Mart/2014). Tarih Bilgisi. Kutadgubilig: Felsefe-Bilim Araştırmaları Dergisi. (ss. 11-39). (sy. XXV). Çelen, M. K. (2020). Ahmet Ağaoğlu’nda İslâm ve Milliyetçilik İlişkisi. Milliyetçilik Araştırmaları Dergisi. (ss. 27-46). (c. II). (sy. II). Düzdağ, M. E. (1976). Türkiye’de İslâm ve Irkçılık Meselesi. İstanbul: Cihad Yayınları. Gökalp, Z. (1976). Türkleşmek, İslâmlaşmak, Muasırlaşmak. (haz.) İbrahim Kutluk. Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları. Hansu, H. (2007). Secdede Biten Bir Ömür: Babanzâde Ahmet Naim. İstanbul: Kaynak Yayınları. Hülür, H.- Akça, G. (2007). İmparatorluktan Cumhuriyete Siyasal Bütünlük ve Ulusalcılık Söylemi, Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi. (ss. 311-335). (sy. XXII). Kara, İ. (2014). Türkiye’de İslâmcılık Düşüncesi: Metinler/Kişiler. (c. I). İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Kara, İ. (2018). İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet’in Esas Meselesi Ne İdi?. (ed.) M. Cüneyt Kaya-İsmail Kara. Babanzâde Ahmet Naim Hayatı-Eserleri-Fikirleri içinde. (ss. 191-215). İstanbul: Zeytinburnu Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları. Keskintaş, O. (2020). II. Meşrutiyet Döneminde İslamcıların Milliyetçilik Tartışması: Babanzade Ahmet Naim Örneği. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. (ss. 143-159). (c. VIII). Kur’an’ı Kerim Meâli. (2011). haz. Halil Altuntaş̧; Muzaffer Şahin, Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Bakanlığı Yayınları. Mardin, Ş. (1990). Türkiye’de Toplum ve Siyaset: Makaleler 1. der. Mümtazer Türköne-Tuncay Önder, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Nafiz, S. (2014). Cengiz Hastalığı. (haz.) Mehmet Kaan Çalen-Halûk Kayıc. Meşruiyetten Cumhuriyete: Modern Türk Düşüncesinde Milliyetçilik içinde. (ss. 283-284). İstanbul: Bilgeoğuz. Naim, B. A. (1912). Hadîs-i Şerîf. (yay. haz.) İskender Türe. Sebîlürreşâd. (ss. 65-67). (c. IX). (sy. 212). İstanbul: Bağcılar Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları Dizisi. Naim, B. A. (1914). İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet. (yay. haz.) İskender Türe. Sebîlürreşâd. (ss. 112-125). (c. XII). (sy. 293). İstanbul: Bağcılar Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları Dizisi. Naim, B. A. (1963). İslâm Irkçılığı Menetmiştir. (neş.) Abdullah Işıklar. İstanbul: Sönmez Matbaası. Naim, B. A. (1979). İslâm Irkçılığı Menetmiştir. (neş.) Ömer Lütfi Zararsız. Ankara: İkbal Yayınları. Naim, B. A. (2005). İslâm Irkçılığı Menetmiştir. (neş.) Abdullah Işıklar. İstanbul: İhvan Neşriyat. Naim, B. A. (2013c). İslâm’da Kavmiyetçilik Yoktur. İstanbul: Bedir Yayınevi. Naim, B. A. (2013d). İslam’da Dava-yı Kavmiyyet. İstanbul: Nûbihar Yayınları. Naim, B. A. (2018a). Arap İhvânımıza Bir Nasihatımız. (ed.) M. Cüneyt Kaya-İsmail Kara. Babanzâde Ahmet Naim Hayatı-Eserleri-Fikirleri içinde. (ss. 343-345). İstanbul: Zeytinburnu Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları. Naim, B. A. (2018b). Arap İttihâd Kulübü. (ed.) M. Cüneyt Kaya-İsmail Kara. Babanzâde Ahmet Naim Hayatı-Eserleri-Fikirleri içinde. (ss. 346-351). İstanbul: Zeytinburnu Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları. Naim, B. A. (hicri 1332). İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet. İstanbul: Tevsî’-i Tıbaat Matbaası. Özden. H. Ö. (2022). Yahya Kemal Beyatlı ve Babanzade Ahmet Naim Bey Çekişmesi. Söğüt. (ss. 24-30). (sy. XVIII). Tol Göktürk, E. D. (2008). 1919-1923 Dönemi Türk Milliyetçilikleri, (ed.) Tanıl Bora. Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce: Milliyetçilik içinde. (ss. 103-116). (c. IV). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Türkiye’de Felsefe Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri Yazarlar Tanju Toka Erzurum Teknik Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Felsefe Bölümü 0000-0002-4368-3740 Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Şubat 2024 Kabul Tarihi 28 Mayıs 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 8
Kaynak Göster APA Toka, T. (2024). Babanzâde Ahmet Naim’in Milliyetçilik Eleştirisi: İslâm’da Da’vâ-yı Kavmiyyet Özelinde Bir İnceleme. ETÜT Dergisi (8 ), 45-58.
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