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İHTİYAÇ ALGISI, KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ, TUTUMLULUK VE GÖSTERİŞ TÜKETİM ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 – 21, 30.06.2024
Muhammed Enes Sayın Hasan Terzi
Öz Consumption emerges as an action that continues its existence continuously and uninterruptedly at all times of human existence. Consumption is defined as obtaining, purchasing, owning, or using a product or service produced to satisfy a need. When all definitions of consumption are examined, it is seen that the emphasis is placed on the concept of need. Therefore, the concept of need plays an important role in understanding consumption and consumer behavior. The way to understand and make sense of consumption is to understand the need. From this point of view, it is aimed to reveal the relationships between personality traits, level of frugality, conspicuous consumption tendency, and perception of need. This study aims to reveal the perspectives of individuals on the concept of need and how they perceive the need within the framework of their changing consumption habits. In this direction, it is aimed to reveal the relationships between individuals’ personality traits, frugality levels, conspicuous consumption tendencies, and need perceptions. Data were collected from 605 people residing in the province of Karabük with a questionnaire prepared within the framework of this purpose and target. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the perceptions of needs, frugality levels, and conspicuous consumption tendencies differed according to the demographic characteristics of the participants. It has been determined that there is a significant relationship between personality traits, frugality, conspicuous consumption, and perceptions of needs and that the effect of these variables shapes the needs of individuals and therefore consumption preferences.
Anahtar Kelimeler Need, Perception of Need, Personality Traits, Conspicuous Consumption, Frugality
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Kendini Gösterim ve Kişilerarası Etkileşimin Gösterişçi Tüketim Üzerindeki Etkilerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma. H.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1), 105–139. Hagerty, M. R. (1999). Testing Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs : National Quality of Life Across Time. Social Indicators Research, 46(3), 249–271. Hançerlioğlu, O. (1995). Ekonomi Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. İslamoğlu, A. H., & Altunışık, R. (2017). Tüketici Davranışları. İstanbul: Beta Basım. Köroğlu, C. Z. (2012). Tüketim Kültürü ve Din. Ankara: Afşar Matbaası. Lastovicka, J. L., A. Bettencourt, Lance Hughner, R. S., & Kuntze, R. J. (1999). Lifestyle of the Tight and Frugal: Theory and Measurement. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(1), 85–98. Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50, 370–396. O’Cass, A., & McEwen, H. (2004). Exploring Consumer Status and Conspicuous Consumption. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 4(1), 25–39. Odabaşı, Y. (2017). Tüketim Kültürü. İstanbul: Aura. Odabaşı, Y. (2019). Tüketim Kültürü (Yetinen Toplumdan Tüketen Topluma). İstanbul: Aura. Oxford. (2022). Need. Oxford Dictionary. https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/need_1?q=need Peter, J. P. (1979). Reliability: A Review of Psychometric Basics and Recent Marketing Practices. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(1), 6-17. Schultz, D. P. ve Schultz, S. E. (2002). Modern Psikoloji Tarihi. İstanbul: Kaknüs. Slater, D. (1997). Consumer Culture and Modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press. Slater, D. (1998). Needs/Wants. Core Sociological Dichoyomies içinde (ss. 313–328). London: Sage Publications. Strong, L. L. ve Fiebert, M. S. (1987). Using Paired Comparisons to Assess Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 64(2), 492–494. doi:10.2466/pms.1987.64.2.492 Tabakoğlu, A. (1988). İslâm ve Ekonomik Hayat. Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı. Topçu, U. C. (2019). Gösterişçi Tüketimin Öncülleri: Benlik, Sosyal Statü, Materyalist Değerler ve Bireycilik-Toplulukçuluk Bağlamları. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Torlak, Ö. (2016). Tüketim: Bireysel Eylemin Toplumsal Dönüşümü. İstanbul: İnkılâb. Türk Dil Kurumu. (2021a). Tüketim. TDK. https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Türk Dil Kurumu. (2021b). İhtiyaç. TDK. https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Ünsal, E. M. (2011). İktisada Giriş. Ankara: İmaj. Yanıklar, C. (2010). Tüketim Kültürü, Kapitalizm ve İnsan İhtiyaçları Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Tartışma. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 34(1), 25–32. Yaran, R. (2000a). İslam Anskilopedisi 21. Cilt. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ihtiyac. Yaran, R. (2000b). İhtiyaç. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi. Yayar, R. ve Oruç, S. (2020). Tokat İli Kentsel Alanda Tüketicilerin Gösterişçi Tüketime Yönelik Eğilimleri. Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 24(1), 35–55. Yeniaras, V. (2015). İslami Dindarlık, Tutumluluk ve Materyalizm: Bir Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli. Journal of Economics, Business, Politics and International Relations, 1(1), 49–62. Zorlu, A. (2020). Tüketim Sosyolojisi. Ankara: Altınordu.
İHTİYAÇ ALGISI, KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ, TUTUMLULUK VE GÖSTERİŞ TÜKETİM ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 – 21, 30.06.2024
Muhammed Enes Sayın Hasan Terzi
Öz Tüketim insanın var olduğu tüm zamanlarda aralıksız ve kesintisiz varlığını sürdüren bir eylem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Tüketim bir ihtiyacın karşılanması, tatmin edilmesi amacıyla üretilen bir ürün veya hizmeti elde etme, satın alma, ona sahip olma ya da kullanma olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Tüketim üzerinde yapılan tüm tanımlar incelendiğinde vurgunun ihtiyaç kavramına yapıldığı görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla tüketimi ve tüketicilerin davranışlarını anlamakta ihtiyaç kavramı önemli bir görev icra etmektedir. Tüketimi anlamanın ve anlamlandırmanın yolu ihtiyacı anlamaktan geçmektedir. Buradan hareketle çalışmada kişilik özellikleri, tutumluluk düzeyi, gösterişçi tüketim eğilimi ve ihtiyaç algısı arasındaki ilişkilerin ortaya çıkartılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bireylerin değişen tüketim alışkanlıkları çerçevesinde ihtiyaç kavramına bakış açılarını ve ihtiyacı nasıl algıladıklarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda bireylerin kişilik özellikleri, tutumluluk düzeyleri ve gösterişçi tüketim eğilimleri ile ihtiyaç algıları arasındaki ilişkilerin ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç ve hedef çerçevesinde hazırlanan anket formuyla Karabük ilinde ikamet eden 605 kişiden veri toplanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda katılımcıların demografik özelliklerine göre ihtiyaç algılarının, tutumluluk düzeylerinin ve gösterişçi tüketim eğilimlerinin farklılaştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kişilik özellikleri, tutumluluk, gösterişçi tüketim ile ihtiyaç algıları arasında anlamlı ilişkinin olduğu, bireylerin ihtiyaçları dolayısıyla da tüketim tercihlerinin bu değişkenlerin etkisiyle şekillendiği tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Tutumluluk., İhtiyaç, İhtiyaç Algısı, Kişilik Özellikleri, Gösterişçi Tüketim
Kaynakça Altunışık, R., Özdemir, Ş. ve Torlak, Ö. (2017). Pazarlama İlkeleri ve Yönetimi. İstanbul: Beta Basım. Aytaç, Ö. (2002). Boş Zaman Üzeri̇ne Kuramsal Yaklaşımlar. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 231–260. Bal, D. ve Şahin, N. (2011). Cervantes Kişilik Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 8(1), 39–45. Beatty, P. T. (1981). The Concept of Need: Proposal for a Working Definition. Journal of the Community Development Society, 12(2), 39–46. Becan, C. ve Eaghanioskoui, G. (2019). The Effect of Instagram As a Tool of Conspicious Consumption on Purchase Motivation of Consumers. Electronic Journal of New Media, 3(2), 84–101. Buğra, A. (2000). Devlet-Piyasa Karşıtlığının Ötesinde İhtiyaçlar ve Tüketim Üzerine Yazılar. İstanbul: İletişim. Burhan, N. (1984). İhtiyaç Kavramı Üzerine Düşünceler ve Kamu Ekonomisi. İstanbul Üniversitesi İktisat Fakültesi Mecmuası, 38(3–4), 17–34. Castelo-Branco, C., Palacios, S., Ferrer-Barriendos, J., Parrilla, J. J., Manubens, M., Alberich, X., & Martí, A. (2008). Understanding How Personality Factors may Influence Quality of Life: Development and Validation of The Cervantes Personality Scale. Menopause, 15(5), 914–918. Roy Chaudhuri, H., Mazumdar, S., & Ghoshal, A. (2011). Conspicuous Consumption Orientation: Conceptualisation, Scale Development and Validation. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 10, 216–224. Demirel, Ç., & Aslan, E. Ş. (2019). Tüketim Kültürü Perspektifinde İhtiyacın Değişen Anlamı: Marka 2.0’ın İhtiyacın Yeniden Anlamlandırılmasındaki Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Bilişim Teknolojileri Online Dergisi, 10(39), 52–86. Dinler, Z. (2015). İktisada Giriş. Bursa: Ekin Basım Yayın Dağıtım. Güler, M. N. (2003). Ekonomi’de İhtiyaç Kavramı ve İslâm Dünyası’nda Eski ile Yeni Bilim Adamlarındaki Karşılığı. İslam Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(4), 499–511. Güllülü, U., Ünal, S., & Bilgili, B. (2010). Kendini Gösterim ve Kişilerarası Etkileşimin Gösterişçi Tüketim Üzerindeki Etkilerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma. H.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1), 105–139. Hagerty, M. R. (1999). Testing Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs : National Quality of Life Across Time. Social Indicators Research, 46(3), 249–271. Hançerlioğlu, O. (1995). Ekonomi Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. İslamoğlu, A. H., & Altunışık, R. (2017). Tüketici Davranışları. İstanbul: Beta Basım. Köroğlu, C. Z. (2012). Tüketim Kültürü ve Din. Ankara: Afşar Matbaası. Lastovicka, J. L., A. Bettencourt, Lance Hughner, R. S., & Kuntze, R. J. (1999). Lifestyle of the Tight and Frugal: Theory and Measurement. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(1), 85–98. Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50, 370–396. O’Cass, A., & McEwen, H. (2004). Exploring Consumer Status and Conspicuous Consumption. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 4(1), 25–39. Odabaşı, Y. (2017). Tüketim Kültürü. İstanbul: Aura. Odabaşı, Y. (2019). Tüketim Kültürü (Yetinen Toplumdan Tüketen Topluma). İstanbul: Aura. Oxford. (2022). Need. Oxford Dictionary. https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/need_1?q=need Peter, J. P. (1979). Reliability: A Review of Psychometric Basics and Recent Marketing Practices. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(1), 6-17. Schultz, D. P. ve Schultz, S. E. (2002). Modern Psikoloji Tarihi. İstanbul: Kaknüs. Slater, D. (1997). Consumer Culture and Modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press. Slater, D. (1998). Needs/Wants. Core Sociological Dichoyomies içinde (ss. 313–328). London: Sage Publications. Strong, L. L. ve Fiebert, M. S. (1987). Using Paired Comparisons to Assess Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 64(2), 492–494. doi:10.2466/pms.1987.64.2.492 Tabakoğlu, A. (1988). İslâm ve Ekonomik Hayat. Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı. Topçu, U. C. (2019). Gösterişçi Tüketimin Öncülleri: Benlik, Sosyal Statü, Materyalist Değerler ve Bireycilik-Toplulukçuluk Bağlamları. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Torlak, Ö. (2016). Tüketim: Bireysel Eylemin Toplumsal Dönüşümü. İstanbul: İnkılâb. Türk Dil Kurumu. (2021a). Tüketim. TDK. https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Türk Dil Kurumu. (2021b). İhtiyaç. TDK. https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Ünsal, E. M. (2011). İktisada Giriş. Ankara: İmaj. Yanıklar, C. (2010). Tüketim Kültürü, Kapitalizm ve İnsan İhtiyaçları Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Tartışma. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 34(1), 25–32. Yaran, R. (2000a). İslam Anskilopedisi 21. Cilt. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ihtiyac. Yaran, R. (2000b). İhtiyaç. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi. Yayar, R. ve Oruç, S. (2020). Tokat İli Kentsel Alanda Tüketicilerin Gösterişçi Tüketime Yönelik Eğilimleri. Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 24(1), 35–55. Yeniaras, V. (2015). İslami Dindarlık, Tutumluluk ve Materyalizm: Bir Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli. Journal of Economics, Business, Politics and International Relations, 1(1), 49–62. Zorlu, A. (2020). Tüketim Sosyolojisi. Ankara: Altınordu. Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Bilgi Sistemleri Felsefesi, Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Teori Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri Yazarlar Muhammed Enes Sayın KARABÜK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0002-8423-8352 Türkiye
Hasan Terzi KARABÜK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0003-3731-6482 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Mart 2024 Kabul Tarihi 20 Mayıs 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster APA Sayın, M. E., & Terzi, H. (2024). İHTİYAÇ ALGISI, KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ, TUTUMLULUK VE GÖSTERİŞ TÜKETİM ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ. Karabük Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(1), 1-21.
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