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Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 64 – 87, 30.06.2024
Abdullah Muhsin Yıldız
https://doi.org/10.62816/cevder.1498585
Öz As African countries became waste piles in the 1980s, hazardous waste became an agenda of the international public. The United Nations take the transportation of hazardous wastes into consideration, OECD countries formulated several regulations, and finally an international conference on hazardous waste was held at Basel in 1989. This study focuses on the nature of the hazardous waste issue and addresses the question of why states tend to international cooperation. In this context, states’ adaptation process to the Basel regime that tackles the relevant environmental problem are examined. The argument of the study is that states eliminate problems by establishing internationally accepted rules, norms, principles and mechanisms based on international law and by considering mutually dependent interests in their negotiations on certain problem areas. After the introduction part, the regime theories and liberal institutionalism approach used to explain the argument. In the following section, the development of the Basel environmental regime is examined using the contract-protocol method. In the last section, how Türkiye, one of the states exposed to the hazardous waste problem, has regulated legislation and practices is discussed. Testing the argument of the study, Türkiye is selected as a case. Türkiye’s tendency towards international cooperation regarding the hazardous waste environmental issue and adaptation of its legislation with the Basel regime are analyzed. It is noteworthy that Türkiye has adapted its related legislation and increased monitoring, storage, recycling and disposal capacity, especially with the opening of environmental chapters during the European Union accession process. Türkiye’s environmental policies, especially its compliance with the Basel environmental regime, institutionalization of hazardous waste management and adaptation with the EU, are examined through Development Plans, European Commission Progress Reports, legislation published in the Official Gazette, official websites of the relevant Ministry, reports and national action plans.
Anahtar Kelimeler Hazardous waste, regime theories, liberal institutionalism, Basel Convention, Türkiye
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Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 64 – 87, 30.06.2024
Abdullah Muhsin Yıldız
https://doi.org/10.62816/cevder.1498585
Öz Afrika ülkelerinin 1980’li yıllarda atık yığını haline gelmesiyle tehlikeli atıklar, uluslararası kamuoyu gündeminin bir parçası olmaya başlamıştır. Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) tehlikeli atıkların taşınmasını gündemine almış, OECD ülkeleri birtakım düzenlemeler yapmış ve nihayet 1989 yılında konuyla ilgili Basel’de bir uluslararası konferans yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, tehlikeli atıklar sorununun doğasına odaklanılarak, devletlerin neden uluslararası iş birliğine yöneldiği sorusu ele alınmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, devletlerin ilgili çevresel sorunu yöneten Basel rejimine uyum sağlama süreçleri incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın argümanı, devletler belli sorun alanlarına yönelik yaptıkları müzakerelerde uluslararası hukuka dayanan, uluslararası olarak kabul görmüş kurallar, normlar, prensipler ve mekanizmalar oluşturarak ve karşılıklı bağımlı çıkarları gözeterek problemleri bertaraf etmektedir. Bu argümanın açıklanmasında kullanılacak olan rejim teorileri ve liberal kurumsalcılık yaklaşımı çalışmanın giriş bölümünden sonra yer almaktadır. İzleyen bölümde, Basel çevre rejiminin gelişimi sözleşme-protokol yöntemiyle incelenmektedir. Son bölümde, tehlikeli atıklar sorununa maruz kalan devletlerden olan Türkiye’nin mevzuatını ve uygulamalarını nasıl düzenlediği ele alınmaktadır. Argümanı test eden vaka olarak Türkiye’nin tehlikeli atık çevre sorunuyla ilgili uluslararası iş birliğine yönelmesi, mevzuatını Basel rejimiyle uyumlaştırması incelenmektedir. Özellikle Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyeliği sürecinde çevre fasıllarının açılmasıyla Türkiye’nin ilgili mevzuatını uyarlaması, izleme, depolama, geri dönüşüm ve bertaraf kapasitesini artırması dikkat çekmektedir. Türkiye’nin çevre politikaları ve özellikle Basel çevre rejimine uyumu, tehlikeli atık yönetiminin kurumsallaşması ve AB’yle uyumlaştırması; Kalkınma Planları, Avrupa Komisyonu İlerleme Raporları, Resmî Gazetede yayımlanan mevzuat, ilgili Bakanlık resmi internet sayfaları, raporları ve eylem planları evraklarıyla incelenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Tehlikeli atık, rejim teorileri, liberal kurumsalcılık, Basel Sözleşmesi, Türkiye
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Global Environmental Governance and Regional Centers, Global Environmental Politics, 12(3), 18-37. Selin H. (2013). Global Chemicals Politics and Policy, R. Falkner (Ed.), içinde The Handbook of Global Climate and Environment Policy (107-124), Wiley-Blackwell. Selin H. (2014). Hazardous Wastes, P. G. Harris (Ed.), içinde Routledge Handbook of Global Environmental Politics (427-438), Routledge. Seyfang G. (2003). Environmental Mega-Conferences from Stockholm to Johannesburg and Beyond, Global Environmental Change, 13, 223-228. Skodvin T., Andresen S. (2006). Leadership Revisited, Global Environmental Politics, 6(3). 13-27. Susskind LE. (1994). Environmental Diplomacy: Negotiating More Effective Global Environmental Agreements, New York: Oxford University Press. Şengün H. (2015). Türkiye’de Çevre Yönetimi ve Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığının Uygulamaları, Strategic Public Management Journal, 1, 109-130. UN. (1977). Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter, United Nations Treaty Series, 1046, 138-218. Underdal A. (1992). The Concept of Regime ‘Effectiveness’, Cooperation and Conflict, 27(3), 227-240. Yang T. (2015). The Minamata Convention on Mercury and the Future of Multilateral Environmental Agreements. Environmental Law Reporter, Santa Clara Univ. Legal Stduies Research Paper No. 1-15. Young OR. (1989). The Politics of International Regime Formation: Managing Natural Resources and the Environment, International Organization, 43(3). 349-375. Toplam 85 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Çevre Eğitimi ve Yaygınlaştırılması Bölüm Makaleler Yazarlar Abdullah Muhsin Yıldız YALOVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0003-0659-5263 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Haziran 2024 Kabul Tarihi 28 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster APA Yıldız, A. M. (2024). Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi. Sürdürülebilir Çevre Dergisi, 4(1), 64-87. https://doi.org/10.62816/cevder.1498585 AMA Yıldız AM. Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi. Çevre. Haziran 2024;4(1):64-87. doi:10.62816/cevder.1498585 Chicago Yıldız, Abdullah Muhsin. “Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi Ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi”. Sürdürülebilir Çevre Dergisi 4, sy. 1 (Haziran 2024): 64-87. https://doi.org/10.62816/cevder.1498585. EndNote Yıldız AM (01 Haziran 2024) Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi. Sürdürülebilir Çevre Dergisi 4 1 64–87. IEEE A. M. Yıldız, “Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi”, Çevre , c. 4, sy. 1, ss. 64–87, 2024, doi: 10.62816/cevder.1498585. ISNAD Yıldız, Abdullah Muhsin. “Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi Ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi”. Sürdürülebilir Çevre Dergisi 4/1 (Haziran 2024), 64-87. https://doi.org/10.62816/cevder.1498585. JAMA Yıldız AM. Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi. Çevre . 2024;4:64–87. MLA Yıldız, Abdullah Muhsin. “Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi Ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi”. Sürdürülebilir Çevre Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 64-87, doi:10.62816/cevder.1498585. Vancouver Yıldız AM. Basel Çevre Rejiminin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’nin Rejime Uyum Politikalarının İncelenmesi. Çevre. 2024;4(1):64-87.
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