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Postmoderne Sonderlinge: Der Antiheld in den Romanen Schlafes Bruder und Das Parfum Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 105 – 126, 30.06.2024
Gülsüm Atahan
https://doi.org/10.55036/ufced.1489825
Öz This study discusses how the concept of hero changes and transforms in Robert Schneider’s The Brother of Sleep and Patrick Süskind’s Perfume novels. The highly developed “hearing” and “smell” senses of the protagonists of these novels are placed against the sense of “sight”, which is the method of perceiving the world in the Enlightenment. Thus, both novels enable a criticism of the Enlightenment. In this context, the senses of hearing and smell are associated with concepts such as the subconscious, emotion, and impulse, which the Enlightenment suppressed or ignored, but Postmodernity reconsidered through anti-heroism. The sense of sight served the Enlightenment project as the representative of mind, consciousness, and science, as well as its close relationship with the classical hero. Hence, it is described that there is a symbolic regression to pre-Enlightenment through postmodern heroes. In this context, the classical hero is defined as a product of the Enlightenment, an ideological and mythical figure who transcends nature and its rules, bringing “wisdom” and “culture”. The anti-hero, on the other hand, is portrayed as representing the return to nature, the subconscious and its uncontrollability, primal instincts, and emotions, reflecting the worldview and problems of contemporary individuals.
Anahtar Kelimeler Postmoderne, Heros, Antiheros, Sinne
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Jacobson, Manfred R.: Patrick Süskind's Das Parfum: A Postmodern Künstlerroman, The German Quarterly, Vol. 65, No. 2, (Spring, 1992), S. 201-211. Jansen, Martina: “Das Parfum” und das Böse: Patrick Süskinds Protagonist Jean Baptiste Grenouille, Aachen 2012. Jung, Carl Gustav: Archetyp und Unbewusstes, Olten/Freiburg 1984. Jung, Carl Gustav: Wandlungen und Symbole der Libido: Beitrage zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Denkens, 2. Auflage, Leipzig/Wien 1925. Macho, Thomas: Todesmetaphern, Frankfurt am Main 1987. Meier, Isabelle: Der klassische, gebannte und negative Held: Heldenbilder im Wandel der letzten 100 Jahre, Analytische Psychologie, Heft 179, (46. Jg.), 2015, S. 9-26. Möckel, Margret: Erläuterungen zu Robert Schneider: Schlafes Bruder, Hollfeld 2002. Münkler, Herfried: Heroische und Postheroische Gesellschaften, Merkur, Heft 700, September 2007. Neumann, Erich: The Great Mother: An Analysis of the Archetype, 3. Auflage, Princeton/Oxford 2015. Neumann, Erich: The Origins and History of Consciousness, London 1989. Nietzsche, Friedrich: Die Geburt der Tragödie aus dem Geiste der Musik, Leipzig 2022. Nietzsche, Friedrich: “Die fröhliche Wissenschaft” in Schlechta, Karl (Hg.): Nietzsche, Werke 6. Ausgabe, 3 Bde. München 1969, S. 139-196. Norton, Robert E.: “Schlafes Bruder – Sinnes Schwund: Robert Schneider and the Postmodern Novel” in: Borchmeyer, Dieter (Hg.). Signaturen der Gegenwartsliteratur: Festschrift für Walter Hinderer, Würzburg 1999. Ortner, Max: Griechisch-römisches Religionsverständnis und Mysterienkulte als Bausteine der christlichen Religion, Unveröffentlichte Doktorarbeit, Universität Wien 2009. Paglia, Camille: Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson, London/ New Heaven 2001. Polster, Miriam: Evas Töchter, Frauen als heimliche Heldinnen, Köln 1994. Schlagmann, Klaus: Die große Göttin (Teil II) … und ihr Niederschlag in der Mythologie, online unter: https://oedipus-online.de/index.php/goettin-ii/, [letzter Zugriff: 04.12.2020]. Schneider, Robert: Schlafes Bruder, Leipzig 1994. Schröder, Julia: “Wer liebt, schlaft nicht” in: Moritz, Rainer: (Hg.): Über Schlafes Bruder: Materialien zu Robert Schneiders Roman, Leipzig 1996, S. 157-159. Schulz, Miklas: Hören als Praxis: Sinnliche Wahrnehmungsweisen technische (re)produzierter Sprache, Wiesbaden 2016. Simmons, David: The anti-hero in the American novel: from Joseph Heller to Kurt Vonnegut, New York 2008. Stephan, Inge: Musen und Medusen. Mythos und Geschlecht in der Literatur des 20. Jahrhunderts, Köln 1997. Süskind, Patrick: Das Parfum: Die Geschichte eines Mörders, Zürich 1985. Vazsonyi, Nicholas: Of Genius and Epiphany: Schlafes Bruder, Das Parfum, and Babette 's Feast, Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature, Vol. 23, Iss. 2, 1999, Art. 8, S. 331- 351. Vielhaber, Carl: Die Präfixe der Postmoderne oder: wie man mit dem Mikroskop philosophiert?, London 2001. Welsch, Wolfgang: Unsere postmoderne Moderne, 7. Auflage, Berlin 2008. Werner, Mark: Konzeption des Genies in Robert Schneiders Schlafes Bruder: Interpretation, Marburg 2003. Weinelt, Nora: Zum dialektischen Verhältnis der Begriff “Held” und “Antiheld”: Eine Annäherung aus einer literaturwissenschaftlichen Perspektive, Helden. Heroes. Héros: E-Journal zu Kulturen des Heroischen, 2015, unter: https://docplayer.org/40934199-Zum-dialektischen-verhaeltnis-der-begriffe-held-und antiheld.html, [letzter Zugriff: 14.08.2020], S. 15-22. Wulff, Hans J.: “Held und Antiheld, Prot- und Antagonist: Zur Kommunikations- und Texttheorie eines komplizierten Begriffsfeldes. Ein enzyklopädischer Aufriß” in: Krah, Hans u. Ort, Claus-Michael (Hg.): Weltentwürfe in Literatur und Medien. Phantastische Wirklichkeiten – realistische Imaginationen. Festschrift für Marianne Wünsch, Kiel 2002, Online unter: http://www.derwulff.de/files/2-107.pdf, [letzter Zugriff: 20.04.2020], S. 431-448. Yücedağ, Gülcan: Robert Schneider’in Ren Üçlemesinin Postmodern Edebiyat Bağlamında İncelenmesi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 2014. Internetquellen: Apollon-Time: online unter: https://apollon-time.com/apollon-bedeutung/, [letzter Zugriff: 20.10.2022]. Duden: Phallus, online unter: https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Phallus, [letzter Zugriff:12.10.2020]. Odyssee: Online unter: https://wiki.bildungsserver.de/weltliteratur/index.php/Odyssee, [letzter Zugriff: 01.06.2023]. Symbol, Attribut, Allegorie, Emblem, online unter: http://baseportal.de/cgi bin/baseportal.pl?htx=/Peter_Eckardt/Symbole&localparams=3&db=Symbole&cmd=list&range=150,30&cmd=all&Id=333#:~:text=Die%20Bilderwelt%20der%20Alchemie% 20sieht,dem%20Mond%20zugeordneten)%20weiblichen%20Welt, [letzter Zugriff: 03.05.2021]. Verschiedene Augen gibt’s nur bei Nutztieren, online unter: https://www.deutschlandfunknova.de/nachrichten/evolution-andere-augenfarben-gibts-nur-bei-nutztieren, [letzter Zugriff: 6.06.2023]. Ziegler, Wiebke: Sprache, online unter: https://www.planetwissen.de/gesellschaft/lernen/sprache/index.html#:~:text=Sprachforscher%20vermuten %2C%20dass%20sich%20die,lie%C3%9F%20sich%20bisher%20nicht%20bestimmen. &text=.Vermutlich%20war%20aber%20erst%20der,vor%20etwa%20150.000%20Jahre n%20auf, [letzter Zugriff: 18.04. 2021].
Postmoderne Sonderlinge: Der Antiheld in den Romanen Schlafes Bruder und Das Parfum Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 105 – 126, 30.06.2024
Gülsüm Atahan
https://doi.org/10.55036/ufced.1489825
Öz This study discusses how the concept of hero changes and transforms in Robert Schneider’s The Brother of Sleep and Patrick Süskind’s Perfume novels. The highly developed “hearing” and “smell” senses of the protagonists of these novels are placed against the sense of “sight”, which is the method of perceiving the world in the Enlightenment. Thus, both novels enable a criticism of the Enlightenment. In this context, the senses of hearing and smell are associated with concepts such as the subconscious, emotion, and impulse, which the Enlightenment suppressed or ignored, but Postmodernity reconsidered through anti-heroism. The sense of sight served the Enlightenment project as the representative of mind, consciousness, and science, as well as its close relationship with the classical hero. Hence, it is described that there is a symbolic regression to pre-Enlightenment through postmodern heroes. In this context, the classical hero is defined as a product of the Enlightenment, an ideological and mythical figure who transcends nature and its rules, bringing “wisdom” and “culture”. The anti-hero, on the other hand, is portrayed as representing the return to nature, the subconscious and its uncontrollability, primal instincts, and emotions, reflecting the worldview and problems of contemporary individuals.
Anahtar Kelimeler Postmoderne, Heros, Antiheld, Sinne
Kaynakça Bachofen, Johann Jacob: Das Mutterrecht. Eine Untersuchung über die Gynaikokratie der alten Welt nach ihrer Religiösen und rechtlichen Natur, Basel 1948. Bachtin, Michael: Rabelais und seine Welt: Volkskultur als Gegenkultur, 7. Auflage, Frankfurt am Main 2018. Badura, Bozena Anne: “Der Duft der postmodernen Gesellschaft: Hochmut und Narzissmus in Patrick. Süskinds Roman Das Parfum”, in: Badura, Bozena Anne/ Kreuzer, Tillmann F. (Hg): Superbia- Hochmut und Stolz in Kultur und Literatur, 2014, S. 113 139. Betcher, William/ Pollack, William: Die Ferse des Achilles: Vom antiken Heldenmythos zum neuen Männerbild, München 1995. Bolay, Ann-Christin/ Schüter, Andreas: Faszinosum Antiheld, Helden. Heroes. Héros, Helden. Heroes. Héros: E-Journal zu Kulturen des Heroischen, Online unter: https://freidok.uni freiburg.de/fedora/objects/freidok:10871/datastreams/FILE1/content, [letzter Zugriff: 23.09.2022]. Campbell, Joseph: Der Heros in tausend Gestalten, 5. Auflage, Berlin 2019. Civelekoğlu, Funda: Archaic Structure as imaginative Counter-Discourse, Dergipark, Cilt: 24, sayı: 1, 2011, S. 1-12. Cizenel, Sbylle: Der “Fall“ Grenouille Patrick Süskinds Roman Das Parfum, Unveröffentlichte Magisterarbeit, İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul 1993. Freud, Sigmund: Vorlesungen zur Einführung in die Psychoanalyse, Leipzig/Wien 1917. Frizen, Werner: Das gute Buch für jedermann oder Versus Prometheus Patrick Süskinds Das Parfum, Köln, 1994. Göncüoğlu, Önder: “God oder Beast: Patrick Süskind’s Anti-Hero Jean-Baptiste Grenouille in Parfume: The Story of a murderer” in: Çetiner-Öktem, Züleyha (Hg.): Mythmaking across Boundaries, Newcastle 2016, S. 219-231. Güven, Emre Bekir: Postmodern Roman ve Filmde Medyalararasılık, Nichtveröffentlichte Doktorarbeit, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum 2021. Hoff, von den Ralf/ Asch Ronald G./ Aurnhammer, Achim/ Bröckling, Ulrich, Korte, Barbara/ Leonhard, Jörn/ Studt, Birgit: Helden – Heroisierungen – Heroismen: Transformationen und Konjunkturen von der Antike bis zur Moderne Konzeptionelle Ausgangspunkte des Sonderforschungsbereichs, Helden. Heroes. Héros: E-Journal zu Kulturen des Heroischen, Januar 2013, online unter: https://freidok.uni freiburg.de/data/10877, [letzter Zugriff: 28.09.2022] S. 7-14. Homer: Odyssee, 2. Auflage, Berlin/Weimar 1976. Immer, Nikolas/ Marwyck, Mareen: Ästhetischer Heroismus Konzeptionelle und figurative Paradigmen des Helden, Berlin 2013. Kaya, Nevzat: Der Gott des Grotesken: Eine literaturanthropologische Studie, İzmir 2000. Kızıler, Funda: Moderniteden Postmoderniteye Kavramsal Bir Yolculuk, Erzurum 2006. Lyotard, Jean François: Das postmoderne Wissen, 5. Auflage, Wien 2005. Jacobson, Manfred R.: Patrick Süskind's Das Parfum: A Postmodern Künstlerroman, The German Quarterly, Vol. 65, No. 2, (Spring, 1992), S. 201-211. Jansen, Martina: “Das Parfum” und das Böse: Patrick Süskinds Protagonist Jean Baptiste Grenouille, Aachen 2012. Jung, Carl Gustav: Archetyp und Unbewusstes, Olten/Freiburg 1984. Jung, Carl Gustav: Wandlungen und Symbole der Libido: Beitrage zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Denkens, 2. Auflage, Leipzig/Wien 1925. Macho, Thomas: Todesmetaphern, Frankfurt am Main 1987. Meier, Isabelle: Der klassische, gebannte und negative Held: Heldenbilder im Wandel der letzten 100 Jahre, Analytische Psychologie, Heft 179, (46. Jg.), 2015, S. 9-26. Möckel, Margret: Erläuterungen zu Robert Schneider: Schlafes Bruder, Hollfeld 2002. Münkler, Herfried: Heroische und Postheroische Gesellschaften, Merkur, Heft 700, September 2007. Neumann, Erich: The Great Mother: An Analysis of the Archetype, 3. Auflage, Princeton/Oxford 2015. Neumann, Erich: The Origins and History of Consciousness, London 1989. Nietzsche, Friedrich: Die Geburt der Tragödie aus dem Geiste der Musik, Leipzig 2022. Nietzsche, Friedrich: “Die fröhliche Wissenschaft” in Schlechta, Karl (Hg.): Nietzsche, Werke 6. Ausgabe, 3 Bde. München 1969, S. 139-196. Norton, Robert E.: “Schlafes Bruder – Sinnes Schwund: Robert Schneider and the Postmodern Novel” in: Borchmeyer, Dieter (Hg.). Signaturen der Gegenwartsliteratur: Festschrift für Walter Hinderer, Würzburg 1999. Ortner, Max: Griechisch-römisches Religionsverständnis und Mysterienkulte als Bausteine der christlichen Religion, Unveröffentlichte Doktorarbeit, Universität Wien 2009. Paglia, Camille: Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson, London/ New Heaven 2001. Polster, Miriam: Evas Töchter, Frauen als heimliche Heldinnen, Köln 1994. Schlagmann, Klaus: Die große Göttin (Teil II) … und ihr Niederschlag in der Mythologie, online unter: https://oedipus-online.de/index.php/goettin-ii/, [letzter Zugriff: 04.12.2020]. Schneider, Robert: Schlafes Bruder, Leipzig 1994. Schröder, Julia: “Wer liebt, schlaft nicht” in: Moritz, Rainer: (Hg.): Über Schlafes Bruder: Materialien zu Robert Schneiders Roman, Leipzig 1996, S. 157-159. Schulz, Miklas: Hören als Praxis: Sinnliche Wahrnehmungsweisen technische (re)produzierter Sprache, Wiesbaden 2016. Simmons, David: The anti-hero in the American novel: from Joseph Heller to Kurt Vonnegut, New York 2008. Stephan, Inge: Musen und Medusen. Mythos und Geschlecht in der Literatur des 20. Jahrhunderts, Köln 1997. Süskind, Patrick: Das Parfum: Die Geschichte eines Mörders, Zürich 1985. Vazsonyi, Nicholas: Of Genius and Epiphany: Schlafes Bruder, Das Parfum, and Babette 's Feast, Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature, Vol. 23, Iss. 2, 1999, Art. 8, S. 331- 351. Vielhaber, Carl: Die Präfixe der Postmoderne oder: wie man mit dem Mikroskop philosophiert?, London 2001. Welsch, Wolfgang: Unsere postmoderne Moderne, 7. Auflage, Berlin 2008. Werner, Mark: Konzeption des Genies in Robert Schneiders Schlafes Bruder: Interpretation, Marburg 2003. Weinelt, Nora: Zum dialektischen Verhältnis der Begriff “Held” und “Antiheld”: Eine Annäherung aus einer literaturwissenschaftlichen Perspektive, Helden. Heroes. Héros: E-Journal zu Kulturen des Heroischen, 2015, unter: https://docplayer.org/40934199-Zum-dialektischen-verhaeltnis-der-begriffe-held-und antiheld.html, [letzter Zugriff: 14.08.2020], S. 15-22. Wulff, Hans J.: “Held und Antiheld, Prot- und Antagonist: Zur Kommunikations- und Texttheorie eines komplizierten Begriffsfeldes. Ein enzyklopädischer Aufriß” in: Krah, Hans u. Ort, Claus-Michael (Hg.): Weltentwürfe in Literatur und Medien. Phantastische Wirklichkeiten – realistische Imaginationen. Festschrift für Marianne Wünsch, Kiel 2002, Online unter: http://www.derwulff.de/files/2-107.pdf, [letzter Zugriff: 20.04.2020], S. 431-448. Yücedağ, Gülcan: Robert Schneider’in Ren Üçlemesinin Postmodern Edebiyat Bağlamında İncelenmesi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 2014. Internetquellen: Apollon-Time: online unter: https://apollon-time.com/apollon-bedeutung/, [letzter Zugriff: 20.10.2022]. Duden: Phallus, online unter: https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Phallus, [letzter Zugriff:12.10.2020]. Odyssee: Online unter: https://wiki.bildungsserver.de/weltliteratur/index.php/Odyssee, [letzter Zugriff: 01.06.2023]. Symbol, Attribut, Allegorie, Emblem, online unter: http://baseportal.de/cgi bin/baseportal.pl?htx=/Peter_Eckardt/Symbole&localparams=3&db=Symbole&cmd=list&range=150,30&cmd=all&Id=333#:~:text=Die%20Bilderwelt%20der%20Alchemie% 20sieht,dem%20Mond%20zugeordneten)%20weiblichen%20Welt, [letzter Zugriff: 03.05.2021]. Verschiedene Augen gibt’s nur bei Nutztieren, online unter: https://www.deutschlandfunknova.de/nachrichten/evolution-andere-augenfarben-gibts-nur-bei-nutztieren, [letzter Zugriff: 6.06.2023]. Ziegler, Wiebke: Sprache, online unter: https://www.planetwissen.de/gesellschaft/lernen/sprache/index.html#:~:text=Sprachforscher%20vermuten %2C%20dass%20sich%20die,lie%C3%9F%20sich%20bisher%20nicht%20bestimmen. &text=.Vermutlich%20war%20aber%20erst%20der,vor%20etwa%20150.000%20Jahre n%20auf, [letzter Zugriff: 18.04. 2021].
Postmodern Aykırılar: Uykunun Kardeşi ve Koku romanlarında Anti-Kahraman Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 105 – 126, 30.06.2024
Gülsüm Atahan
https://doi.org/10.55036/ufced.1489825
Öz Bu çalışmada Robert Schneider’in Uykunun Kardeşi ve Patrick Süskind’in Koku romanlarında kahraman kavramının nasıl bir değişim ve dönüşüm geçirdiği ele alınmaktadır. Bu romanların başkahramanlarının çok gelişmiş “işitme” ve “koku alma” duyuları, Aydınlanmanın dünyayı algılama yöntemi olarak kabul ettiği “görme” duyusunun karşısına yerleştirilmekte ve böylece bir Aydınlanma eleştirisi yapılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, işitme ve koku alma duyuları bilinçaltı, duygu, dürtü gibi Aydınlanmanın bastırdığı veya görmezden geldiği, ancak Postmodernitenin anti-kahramanlık üzerinden yeniden ele aldığı kavramlar ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Görme duyusunun ise aklın, bilincin ve bilimin temsilcisi olarak Aydınlanma projesine hizmet ettiği ve klasik kahramanla olan yakın ilişkisine değinilmektedir. Böylece postmodern kahramanlar üzerinden Aydınlanma öncesine sembolik bir geri dönüşün olduğu anlatılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda klasik kahraman Aydınlanmanın bir ürünü olarak, doğayı ve onun kurallarını aşan, bilgelik ve kültür getiren ideolojik ve mitik bir figür olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Anti-kahramanın ise doğanın geri dönüşünü, bilinçaltını ve onun kontrol edilemezliğini, ilkel dürtüler ile duyguları temsil ettiği ve bu yönleriyle günümüz insanının dünyaya bakışını ve problemlerini yansıttığı anlatılmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler Postmodern, Kahraman, Antikahraman, Duyular
Kaynakça Bachofen, Johann Jacob: Das Mutterrecht. Eine Untersuchung über die Gynaikokratie der alten Welt nach ihrer Religiösen und rechtlichen Natur, Basel 1948. Bachtin, Michael: Rabelais und seine Welt: Volkskultur als Gegenkultur, 7. Auflage, Frankfurt am Main 2018. Badura, Bozena Anne: “Der Duft der postmodernen Gesellschaft: Hochmut und Narzissmus in Patrick. Süskinds Roman Das Parfum”, in: Badura, Bozena Anne/ Kreuzer, Tillmann F. (Hg): Superbia- Hochmut und Stolz in Kultur und Literatur, 2014, S. 113 139. Betcher, William/ Pollack, William: Die Ferse des Achilles: Vom antiken Heldenmythos zum neuen Männerbild, München 1995. Bolay, Ann-Christin/ Schüter, Andreas: Faszinosum Antiheld, Helden. Heroes. Héros, Helden. Heroes. Héros: E-Journal zu Kulturen des Heroischen, Online unter: https://freidok.uni freiburg.de/fedora/objects/freidok:10871/datastreams/FILE1/content, [letzter Zugriff: 23.09.2022]. Campbell, Joseph: Der Heros in tausend Gestalten, 5. Auflage, Berlin 2019. Civelekoğlu, Funda: Archaic Structure as imaginative Counter-Discourse, Dergipark, Cilt: 24, sayı: 1, 2011, S. 1-12. Cizenel, Sbylle: Der “Fall“ Grenouille Patrick Süskinds Roman Das Parfum, Unveröffentlichte Magisterarbeit, İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul 1993. Freud, Sigmund: Vorlesungen zur Einführung in die Psychoanalyse, Leipzig/Wien 1917. Frizen, Werner: Das gute Buch für jedermann oder Versus Prometheus Patrick Süskinds Das Parfum, Köln, 1994. Göncüoğlu, Önder: “God oder Beast: Patrick Süskind’s Anti-Hero Jean-Baptiste Grenouille in Parfume: The Story of a murderer” in: Çetiner-Öktem, Züleyha (Hg.): Mythmaking across Boundaries, Newcastle 2016, S. 219-231. Güven, Emre Bekir: Postmodern Roman ve Filmde Medyalararasılık, Nichtveröffentlichte Doktorarbeit, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum 2021. Hoff, von den Ralf/ Asch Ronald G./ Aurnhammer, Achim/ Bröckling, Ulrich, Korte, Barbara/ Leonhard, Jörn/ Studt, Birgit: Helden – Heroisierungen – Heroismen: Transformationen und Konjunkturen von der Antike bis zur Moderne Konzeptionelle Ausgangspunkte des Sonderforschungsbereichs, Helden. Heroes. Héros: E-Journal zu Kulturen des Heroischen, Januar 2013, online unter: https://freidok.uni freiburg.de/data/10877, [letzter Zugriff: 28.09.2022] S. 7-14. Homer: Odyssee, 2. Auflage, Berlin/Weimar 1976. Immer, Nikolas/ Marwyck, Mareen: Ästhetischer Heroismus Konzeptionelle und figurative Paradigmen des Helden, Berlin 2013. Kaya, Nevzat: Der Gott des Grotesken: Eine literaturanthropologische Studie, İzmir 2000. Kızıler, Funda: Moderniteden Postmoderniteye Kavramsal Bir Yolculuk, Erzurum 2006. Lyotard, Jean François: Das postmoderne Wissen, 5. Auflage, Wien 2005. Jacobson, Manfred R.: Patrick Süskind's Das Parfum: A Postmodern Künstlerroman, The German Quarterly, Vol. 65, No. 2, (Spring, 1992), S. 201-211. Jansen, Martina: “Das Parfum” und das Böse: Patrick Süskinds Protagonist Jean Baptiste Grenouille, Aachen 2012. Jung, Carl Gustav: Archetyp und Unbewusstes, Olten/Freiburg 1984. Jung, Carl Gustav: Wandlungen und Symbole der Libido: Beitrage zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Denkens, 2. Auflage, Leipzig/Wien 1925. Macho, Thomas: Todesmetaphern, Frankfurt am Main 1987. Meier, Isabelle: Der klassische, gebannte und negative Held: Heldenbilder im Wandel der letzten 100 Jahre, Analytische Psychologie, Heft 179, (46. Jg.), 2015, S. 9-26. Möckel, Margret: Erläuterungen zu Robert Schneider: Schlafes Bruder, Hollfeld 2002. Münkler, Herfried: Heroische und Postheroische Gesellschaften, Merkur, Heft 700, September 2007. Neumann, Erich: The Great Mother: An Analysis of the Archetype, 3. Auflage, Princeton/Oxford 2015. Neumann, Erich: The Origins and History of Consciousness, London 1989. Nietzsche, Friedrich: Die Geburt der Tragödie aus dem Geiste der Musik, Leipzig 2022. Nietzsche, Friedrich: “Die fröhliche Wissenschaft” in Schlechta, Karl (Hg.): Nietzsche, Werke 6. Ausgabe, 3 Bde. München 1969, S. 139-196. Norton, Robert E.: “Schlafes Bruder – Sinnes Schwund: Robert Schneider and the Postmodern Novel” in: Borchmeyer, Dieter (Hg.). Signaturen der Gegenwartsliteratur: Festschrift für Walter Hinderer, Würzburg 1999. Ortner, Max: Griechisch-römisches Religionsverständnis und Mysterienkulte als Bausteine der christlichen Religion, Unveröffentlichte Doktorarbeit, Universität Wien 2009. Paglia, Camille: Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson, London/ New Heaven 2001. Polster, Miriam: Evas Töchter, Frauen als heimliche Heldinnen, Köln 1994. Schlagmann, Klaus: Die große Göttin (Teil II) … und ihr Niederschlag in der Mythologie, online unter: https://oedipus-online.de/index.php/goettin-ii/, [letzter Zugriff: 04.12.2020]. Schneider, Robert: Schlafes Bruder, Leipzig 1994. Schröder, Julia: “Wer liebt, schlaft nicht” in: Moritz, Rainer: (Hg.): Über Schlafes Bruder: Materialien zu Robert Schneiders Roman, Leipzig 1996, S. 157-159. Schulz, Miklas: Hören als Praxis: Sinnliche Wahrnehmungsweisen technische (re)produzierter Sprache, Wiesbaden 2016. Simmons, David: The anti-hero in the American novel: from Joseph Heller to Kurt Vonnegut, New York 2008. Stephan, Inge: Musen und Medusen. Mythos und Geschlecht in der Literatur des 20. Jahrhunderts, Köln 1997. Süskind, Patrick: Das Parfum: Die Geschichte eines Mörders, Zürich 1985. Vazsonyi, Nicholas: Of Genius and Epiphany: Schlafes Bruder, Das Parfum, and Babette 's Feast, Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature, Vol. 23, Iss. 2, 1999, Art. 8, S. 331- 351. Vielhaber, Carl: Die Präfixe der Postmoderne oder: wie man mit dem Mikroskop philosophiert?, London 2001. Welsch, Wolfgang: Unsere postmoderne Moderne, 7. Auflage, Berlin 2008. Werner, Mark: Konzeption des Genies in Robert Schneiders Schlafes Bruder: Interpretation, Marburg 2003. Weinelt, Nora: Zum dialektischen Verhältnis der Begriff “Held” und “Antiheld”: Eine Annäherung aus einer literaturwissenschaftlichen Perspektive, Helden. Heroes. Héros: E-Journal zu Kulturen des Heroischen, 2015, unter: https://docplayer.org/40934199-Zum-dialektischen-verhaeltnis-der-begriffe-held-und antiheld.html, [letzter Zugriff: 14.08.2020], S. 15-22. Wulff, Hans J.: “Held und Antiheld, Prot- und Antagonist: Zur Kommunikations- und Texttheorie eines komplizierten Begriffsfeldes. Ein enzyklopädischer Aufriß” in: Krah, Hans u. Ort, Claus-Michael (Hg.): Weltentwürfe in Literatur und Medien. Phantastische Wirklichkeiten – realistische Imaginationen. Festschrift für Marianne Wünsch, Kiel 2002, Online unter: http://www.derwulff.de/files/2-107.pdf, [letzter Zugriff: 20.04.2020], S. 431-448. Yücedağ, Gülcan: Robert Schneider’in Ren Üçlemesinin Postmodern Edebiyat Bağlamında İncelenmesi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 2014. Internetquellen: Apollon-Time: online unter: https://apollon-time.com/apollon-bedeutung/, [letzter Zugriff: 20.10.2022]. Duden: Phallus, online unter: https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Phallus, [letzter Zugriff:12.10.2020]. Odyssee: Online unter: https://wiki.bildungsserver.de/weltliteratur/index.php/Odyssee, [letzter Zugriff: 01.06.2023]. Symbol, Attribut, Allegorie, Emblem, online unter: http://baseportal.de/cgi bin/baseportal.pl?htx=/Peter_Eckardt/Symbole&localparams=3&db=Symbole&cmd=list&range=150,30&cmd=all&Id=333#:~:text=Die%20Bilderwelt%20der%20Alchemie% 20sieht,dem%20Mond%20zugeordneten)%20weiblichen%20Welt, [letzter Zugriff: 03.05.2021]. Verschiedene Augen gibt’s nur bei Nutztieren, online unter: https://www.deutschlandfunknova.de/nachrichten/evolution-andere-augenfarben-gibts-nur-bei-nutztieren, [letzter Zugriff: 6.06.2023]. Ziegler, Wiebke: Sprache, online unter: https://www.planetwissen.de/gesellschaft/lernen/sprache/index.html#:~:text=Sprachforscher%20vermuten %2C%20dass%20sich%20die,lie%C3%9F%20sich%20bisher%20nicht%20bestimmen. &text=.Vermutlich%20war%20aber%20erst%20der,vor%20etwa%20150.000%20Jahre n%20auf, [letzter Zugriff: 18.04. 2021]. Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Almanca Konular Edebi Teori Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri Yazarlar Gülsüm Atahan Kırklareli Üniversitesi 0009-0004-4051-2323 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2024 Kabul Tarihi 19 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster APA Atahan, G. (2024). Postmoderne Sonderlinge: Der Antiheld in den Romanen Schlafes Bruder und Das Parfum. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Uluslararası Filoloji Ve Çeviribilim Dergisi, 6(1), 105-126. https://doi.org/10.55036/ufced.1489825
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