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Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 437 – 449, 18.07.2024
Nuket Sivri Atilla Aydoğdu V. Zülal Sönmez Ceyhun Akarsu
https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1471703
Öz Plastic pollution has become a major environmental problem affecting ecosystems, wildlife and human health. While recent studies have mainly focused on microplastics, there is a need to assess the presence and diversity of meso- and macroplastics, which are the main sources of plastic pollution in nature due to inadequate or improper waste management strategies. Indeed, certain relationships and interactions related to the disposal of waste into the natural environment instead of proper waste collection points have spread like a virus and led to the formation of behavioral patterns. This study is based on the fundamental premise of the impact of “observational learning’,” a social-cognitive approach and “peer influence” on the variety of meso/macro plastic unknowingly left on campus area and visualizing the distribution of plastic pollution in this environment. As the most important finding of this study; It has been observed that the dominant polymer structures in all points are plastic packaged products consumed by students due to their proximity to classrooms/offices/markets/canteens, cigarette butts due to their tobacco use habits, and wet wipes due to their fast hygiene habits. The peak period for waste generation was determined to be October, known as the mid-term exam period, and the busiest area was identified as the roadside seating areas. FT-IR analysis of the most commonly recorded meso- and macroplastic parts revealed the order of polymer structures by density: PET, PE, PP, and PMMA. The findings, supported by visual data, are intended to raise awareness of sustainability goals and highlight the need for environmental education programs. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the need to support youth through various initiatives that exemplify ecological practices to encourage the adoption of sustainable solutions and urge authorities to take immediate action.
Anahtar Kelimeler Plastic Pollution, Microplastics, Mesoplastics, Environmental Education, Sustainability
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Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21(3), 861- 877. Kırmızıtoprak, E., & Şimşek, Z. (2011). The Effect of Peer-Education on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Safer Sexual Life Knowledge and Behaviour of Young People. TAF Prev. Med. Bull., 10(4), 463-472. Köklü, R., Ateş, A., Deveci, E. Ü., & Sivri, N. (2023). Generic foresight model in changing hygiene habits with the pandemic: use of wet wipes in next generations. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 25(1), 74-85. Lebreton, L. C. M., van der Zwet, J., Damsteeg, J. W., Slat, B., Andrady, A., & Reisser, J. (2017). River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans. Nature Communication, 8, Article 15611. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15611 Li, P., Wang, X., Su, M., Zou, X., Duan, L., & Zhang, H. (2021). Characteristics of Plastic Pollution in the Environment: A Review. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 107(4), 577–584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02820-1 Li, W. C., Tse, H. F., & Fok, L. (2016). Plastic waste in the marine environment: a review of sources, occurrence and effects. Science of The Total Environment, 566, 333–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.084 Liu, J., Zhao, S., Chen, X., Falk, E., & Albarracín, D. (2017). The influence of peer behavior as a function of social and cultural closeness: A meta-analysis of normative influence on adolescent smoking initiation and continuation. Psychological Bulletin, 143(10), 1082–1115. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000113 MacDonald, A., Allen, D., Williams, L., Flowers, P., & Walker, T. R. (2023). People, plastic, and behaviour change – A comment on drivers of plastic pollution, barriers to change and targeted behaviour change interventions. Environmental Science: Advances, 2, 551–557. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2va00248e Maffia, A. M. C., Silva, E., & Gonçalves Jacovine, L. A. (2011). Environment and environmental awareness: how university students conceive and act. Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences, 33(2), 209-214. Manucom, M. G. C., Alcaraz, K. P., Alejo, R. P. S., Gaddi, K. C. M., Recio, K. E. P., & Yamaguchi, R. G. (2023). Awareness of Generation Z Students about The Plaf (Plastic Flamingo) and Other Campaigns Concerning Plastics in Online Shopping. International Journal of Environment, Engineering and Education, 5(1), 9-18. Mecozzi, M. & Nisini, L. (2019). The differentiation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable polyethylene terephthalate samples by FTIR spectroscopy: A potential support for the structural differentiation of PET in environmental analysis. Infrared Physics & Technology, 101, 119-126. Nishikida, K. & Coates, J. (2003). Infrared and Raman analysis of polymers. In H. Lobo & J. V. Bonilla (Eds.), Handbook of Plastics Analysis (pp. 186–316). Marcel Dekker Inc. Noda, I., Dowrey, A. E., Haynes, J. L., Marcott, C. (2007). Group frequency assignments for major infrared bands observed in common synthetic polymers. In J. E. Mark (Ed.), Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook (pp. 395-406). Springer Science +Business Media. Oğuz, D., Çakci, I., & Kavas, S. (2010). Environmental awareness of University Students in Ankara, Turkey. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(19), 2629-2636. Pérez, A. V., Gámez, M. R., Briones, V. F. V., Viteri, C. G. V., & Molina, L. A. V. (2018). Sustainable development seen from environmental training in university linkage. International Journal of Life Sciences, 2(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.29332/ijls.v2n1.75 Pulkki, J., Dahlin, B., & Värri, V. M. (2017). Environmental education as a lived-body practice? A contemplative pedagogy perspective. Journal of Philosophy Education, 51(1), 214–229. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12209 Sena Sağlam, B., & Aydın, N. (2024). Investigation of waste characteristics and recycling behaviour at educational institutes. Waste Management, 180, 115-124. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.03.036. Schweiger, A. H., Irl, S. D. H., Steinbauer, M. J., Dengler, J., & Beier Kuhnlein, C. (2016). Optimizing sampling approaches along ecological gradients. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 7(4), 463−471. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12495 Situmorang, R. O. P., Liang, T-C., & Chang, S-C. (2020). The Difference of Knowledge and Behavior of College Students on Plastic Waste Problems. Sustainability, 12(19), Article 7851. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12197851 Smyth, D. P., Fredeen, A. L., & Booth, A. L. (2010). Reducing solid waste in higher education: The first step towards ‘greening’ a university campus. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54(11), 1007-1016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.02.008 Sönmez, V. Z., Akarsu, C., & Sivri, N. (2023). Impact of coastal wastewater treatment plants on microplastic pollution in surface seawater and ecological risk assessment. 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The Environmental Awareness of University Students in Beijing, China. Journal of Contemporary China, 12(36), 519–536. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670560305472 Yan, H., Cordier, M., & Uehara, T. (2024). Future Projections of Global Plastic Pollution: Scenario Analyses and Policy Implications. Sustainability. 16(2), Article 643. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020643 Yang, S., Gu, C., Jiao, Y., & Yang, Q. (2023). Research on the presence of cigarette butts and their leaching of chemical pollutants and microparticles: the case of Dalian, China. Frontiers in Marine Science, 10, Article 1277402. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1277402
Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 437 – 449, 18.07.2024
Nuket Sivri Atilla Aydoğdu V. Zülal Sönmez Ceyhun Akarsu
https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1471703
Öz Plastik kirliliği; ekosistemleri, yaban hayatını ve en çok da insan sağlığını etkileyen önemli bir çevresel sorun haline gelmiştir. Son dönemde yapılan çalışmalarda mikroplastiklere özellikle vurgu yapılmış olsa da bunların birincil kaynaklarından olan ve yetersiz/yanlış atık yönetim stratejileri nedeniyle doğal ortamlarda sıklıkla karşılaşılan mezo- ve makroplastiklerin varlığı ve çeşitliliğinin değerlendirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Öyle ki atıkların tüketiciler tarafından biriktirme ekipmanları yerine doğal ortamlara bırakılması konusunda bazı ilişki ve etkileşimler, viral bir salgın tarzında yayılmakta ve ardından bir davranış paternine dönüşmektedir. Öğrenmede sosyal bilişsel yaklaşım olarak tanımlanan “gözlemsel öğrenme”nin ve “akran etkisi”nin, kampüs alanı içinde bilinçsizce bırakılan mezo/makroplastik malzeme çeşitliliğine etkisi ve bu ortamda oluşan plastik kirliliğinin arazi dağılımının görselleştirilmesi bu çalışmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, sürdürülebilirlik amaçları kapsamında gençlerin farkındalığını artırmak ve çevre eğitimi programlarına olan ihtiyacı ortaya koymak adına görsel verilerle desteklenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın en önemli bulgusu olarak; her alanda baskın olan polimer yapıların, öğrencilerin derslik/ ofis/ market/ kantin yakınlığı kaynaklı tükettiği plastik ambalajlı ürünler, tütün ürünleri kullanma alışkanlıkları nedeniyle sigara izmaritleri ve hızlı hijyen oluşturma alışkanlığı nedeniyle ıslak mendiller olduğu gözlenmiştir. Atıkların en yoğun olduğu dönem, ara sınav dönemi olarak bilinen Ekim ayı ve en yoğun alan yol kenarındaki oturma alanlarının olduğu bölge olarak belirlenmiştir. En çok kaydedilen meso-makroplastik parçaların FT-IR analizleri sonucunda, yoğunluğa göre polimer yapılara ait sıralamanın; PET, PE, PP ve PMMA olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, plastik atıkların çevresel etkileri konusunda farkındalıkların artmasına yardımcı olabilecek, sürdürülebilir uygulamaların benimsenmesinde, ekolojik uygulamaları örnekleyecek farklı girişimlerle gençlerin desteklenmesi ve yönetimlerin bir an önce aksiyon alması gerekliliği ortaya konulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler Plastik Kirliliği, Mikroplastikler, Mezo-Plastikler, Çevre Eğitimi, Sürdürülebilirlik
Teşekkür Bu çalışmanın yazarları olarak; çalışmanın hassasiyetle yürütülmesinde, İÜC Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü, 2021-2022 güz döneminde ders alan, 3. dönem öğrencilerine katkıları için teşekkür ederiz.
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F., & Fok, L. (2016). Plastic waste in the marine environment: a review of sources, occurrence and effects. Science of The Total Environment, 566, 333–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.084 Liu, J., Zhao, S., Chen, X., Falk, E., & Albarracín, D. (2017). The influence of peer behavior as a function of social and cultural closeness: A meta-analysis of normative influence on adolescent smoking initiation and continuation. Psychological Bulletin, 143(10), 1082–1115. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000113 MacDonald, A., Allen, D., Williams, L., Flowers, P., & Walker, T. R. (2023). People, plastic, and behaviour change – A comment on drivers of plastic pollution, barriers to change and targeted behaviour change interventions. Environmental Science: Advances, 2, 551–557. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2va00248e Maffia, A. M. C., Silva, E., & Gonçalves Jacovine, L. A. (2011). Environment and environmental awareness: how university students conceive and act. Acta Scientiarum. 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Environmental Pollution, 318, Article 120922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120922 Steptoe, A., Wardle, J., Cui, W., Baban, A., Glass, K., Pelzer, K., Tsuda, A., & Vinck, J. (2002). An international comparison of tobacco smoking, beliefs and risk awareness in university students from 23 countries. Addiction, 97(12), 1561-1571. T.C. İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa. (2023). Mühendislik Fakültesi Tanıtım Kitapçığı. 14 Nisan 2024’de https://cdn.iuc.edu.tr/ FileHandler2.ashx?f=2023-iuc-muhendislik-fakultesi-aday-tanitim-kitapcigi.pdf adresinden alındı. UCLA Sustainability. (2024). Single-Use Plastics Policy. 14 Nisan 2024’de https://www.sustain.ucla.edu/zero-waste/single-use-plastic-policy adresinden alındı. University of California. (2020, August 24). UC moves to scrap single-use plastics. 14 Nisan 2024’de https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-moves-scrap-single-use-plastics adresinden alındı. Van Rensburg, M. L., S’phumelele, L. N., & Dube, T. (2020). The ‘plastic waste era’; social perceptions towards single-use plastic consumption and impacts on the marine environment in Durban, South Africa. Applied Geography, 114, Article 102132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2019.102132 Verleye, G. A., Roeges, N. P., & De Moor, M. O. (2001). Easy Identification of Plastics and Rubbers. Rapra Technology Limited. Webler, T., Jakubowski, K. (2022), Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors about Cigarette-Butt Littering among College-Aged Adults in the United States. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), Article 8085. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138085 Walker, T. R., Baechler, B. R., Markley, L., Grünzner, M., Akuoko, I. S. G., Bowyer, C., Menzel, C., Muntaha, S. T., MacDonald, A., Allen, D., & Cowan, E. (2023). Plastic Pulse of the Public: A review of survey-based research on how people use plastic. Cambridge Prisms: Plastics, 1, Article e8. https://doi.org/10.1017/plc.2023.8 Wong, K. K. (2003). The Environmental Awareness of University Students in Beijing, China. Journal of Contemporary China, 12(36), 519–536. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670560305472 Yan, H., Cordier, M., & Uehara, T. (2024). Future Projections of Global Plastic Pollution: Scenario Analyses and Policy Implications. Sustainability. 16(2), Article 643. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020643 Yang, S., Gu, C., Jiao, Y., & Yang, Q. (2023). Research on the presence of cigarette butts and their leaching of chemical pollutants and microparticles: the case of Dalian, China. Frontiers in Marine Science, 10, Article 1277402. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1277402 Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Çevresel Değerlendirme ve İzleme, Çevre Kirliliği ve Önlenmesi, Katı ve Tehlikeli Atıklar Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi Yazarlar Nuket Sivri İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ-CERRAHPAŞA 0000-0002-4269-5950 Türkiye
Atilla Aydoğdu Toplu Konut İdaresi Başkanlığı 0000-0003-3275-6446 Türkiye
V. Zülal Sönmez DÜZCE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0002-7488-2996 Türkiye
Ceyhun Akarsu İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ-CERRAHPAŞA 0000-0002-0168-9941 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Temmuz 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Nisan 2024 Kabul Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2
Kaynak Göster APA Sivri, N., Aydoğdu, A., Sönmez, V. Z., Akarsu, C. (2024). Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi. Doğal Afetler Ve Çevre Dergisi, 10(2), 437-449. https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1471703 AMA Sivri N, Aydoğdu A, Sönmez VZ, Akarsu C. Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi. Doğ Afet Çev Derg. Temmuz 2024;10(2):437-449. doi:10.21324/dacd.1471703 Chicago Sivri, Nuket, Atilla Aydoğdu, V. Zülal Sönmez, ve Ceyhun Akarsu. “Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin Ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS Ile Görselleştirmesi”. Doğal Afetler Ve Çevre Dergisi 10, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2024): 437-49. https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1471703. EndNote Sivri N, Aydoğdu A, Sönmez VZ, Akarsu C (01 Temmuz 2024) Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi. Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi 10 2 437–449. IEEE N. Sivri, A. Aydoğdu, V. Z. Sönmez, ve C. Akarsu, “Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi”, Doğ Afet Çev Derg , c. 10, sy. 2, ss. 437–449, 2024, doi: 10.21324/dacd.1471703. ISNAD Sivri, Nuket vd. “Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin Ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS Ile Görselleştirmesi”. Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi 10/2 (Temmuz 2024), 437-449. https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1471703. JAMA Sivri N, Aydoğdu A, Sönmez VZ, Akarsu C. Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi. Doğ Afet Çev Derg . 2024;10:437–449. MLA Sivri, Nuket vd. “Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin Ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS Ile Görselleştirmesi”. Doğal Afetler Ve Çevre Dergisi, c. 10, sy. 2, 2024, ss. 437-49, doi:10.21324/dacd.1471703. Vancouver Sivri N, Aydoğdu A, Sönmez VZ, Akarsu C. Kampüs Ortamındaki Plastik Atık Çeşitliliğinde Gözlemsel Öğrenmenin ve Akran Etkisinin ArcGIS ile Görselleştirmesi. Doğ Afet Çev Derg. 2024;10(2):437-49.
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