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شركة المساهمة وأحكامها الشرعية في الفقه الإسلامي Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 45 – 63, 01.08.2024
Muhammed İbrahim Kattanoğlu
Öz Anonim bir şirket, sahip olduğu sermayenin eşit değerde parçalara bölünmesi, her bir parçanın “hisse” olarak adlandırılması ile bilinmektedir. Her bir kişi birkaç hisseye sahip olabilir ve bu hisseler ciro edilebilir, katılımcı sahip olduğu pay ölçüsünde diğer ortaklara karşı sorumludur. Amacını belirten bir isim alsa dahi şirket herhangi ortağın ismine tescil edilemez. Anonim bir şirket, hisse senetleri, tahviller ve vakıf hisseleri gibi çeşitli enstrümanlar ihraç eder. Anonim şirketteki hisseler, kendisine şeri hükmü veren hukuki kontrollere tabi olan çeşitli türlerde farklılık gösterir. Bu nedenle, hisseler “ibaha” (helal kılınmak/ serbest bırakılmak) ile “tahrim” (men/ yasaklanmak) arasında bir aralıkta yer almaktadır. Bu araştırma, bu konuda bazı önemli sonuçlara varmıştır: Asli faaliyeti caiz (helal) olan şirketlerin hisselerine katılmanın caiz olması konusunda fakihler arasında ihtilaf olmadığı gibi, asli faaliyeti caiz olmayan (haram olan) şirketlere katılmanın caiz olmadığı konusunda da aralarında ihtilaf yoktur. Nakit, ayni ve itibari paylar, vadeli paylar, adi paylar ve sermaye payları caiz paylardır. Hisselerin mülkiyeti sahibine aittir. İmtiyazlı paylar, “eskinin diğerlerinden önce katılma hakkı” imtiyazlı payları ile birden çok oya sahip olan imtiyazlı paylar ile intifa senedi (temettüler) ve karma paylar şeriatta caiz olmayan paylardır. Anonim şirketin çıkardığı tefeci tahvillere gelince, çağdaş fakihler, bunlarla işlem yapılmasının caiz olmadığı görüşündedirler. Ancak, şirketin bazı kişi veya kuruluşlara şirket kuruluşunda şirket namına yapılan çabalar karşılığında şirket kazancı üzerinde sahibine hak veren bir kuruluş senedi şeklinde vakıf paylarının verilmesine ilişkin şeriat hükümleri konusunda görüş ayrılığına düşmüşlerdir. Araştırmacı ayrıca, anonim şirketlerin gelişmeleri için her zaman takip edilmesini ve şeri hükümlerin düzenlenmesini tavsiyede bulunmuştur. Araştırmacılara bu şirketleri ziyaret etmeyi ve onlara tavsiyelerde bulunmayı, mali tablolarını takip etmeyi ve onlardan neyin caiz olduğu ve caiz olmadığını belirtmeleri tavsiyesinde bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, şirketlerdeki hisselerin şeri hükümlerini netleştirmek için üzerinde anlaşmaya varılan şeri kriterleri doğru bulmaları için hisselerin mu’cizlerine (caiz kılanlar) ve muharrimlerine (haram kılanlar) tavsiyede bulundu.
Anahtar Kelimeler Şirketler, Hisse senetleri, Tahviller, Temettüler, Senetler, Ortaklar.
Kaynakça Al-Babarti: Ekmeleddin Ebu Abdullah Al-Babarti, el-İnâye Şerhu’l Hidâye, Neşir: Dâru’l Fikr. Babelli: Mahmud Muhammed, eş-Şerikâtu’t Ticâriyye, Tab’ul-ûlâ, al-müessesetül ilmiyye lil vesâilü’t ta’limiyye, Halep, M. 1978. Al-Buhârî: Ebu Abdullah, Muhammed bin İsmail al-Buhari el-Cu’fî, el-Câmiul Musnedüs Sahihul Muhtasar mim umûri Rasulullah sallallahu aleyhi vesellem ve sunenuhu ve eyyamuhu, Tahkik: Muhammed Zahir en-Nasır, et-tab’ul ûlâ, Beyrut, Lübnan, Dâru’t Tûgun Necât, H. 1422. Et-Tirmizî: Muhammed bin İsa bin Sevratü’t Tirmizî, el-Câmiul Kebîr, Sünenü’t Tirmizî, Tahkik: Beşar Avad Maruf, Beyrut, Lübnan, Daru’l Ğarbul İslami, M. 1998. Et-Temimi: Ebu Bekir Muhammed bin Abdullah et-Temimi es-Sekali- el-Camiul lil Mesail Müdevvine, Neşir: Ma’hedu’l Buhûsul İlmiyye ve İhyau’t Turâsi’l İslamiyet- Camiatü Ümmül Kurâ, ve’t Tevzî’, Dârul Fikri lil Tab’ati ve’n Neşri ve’t Tevzî’, bi’t Tab’ati: el-Ûlâ, H.1434-M. 2013. El-Cürcani: Ali bin Muhammed el-Cürcani, Kütabu’t Tarifat, ven Neşr: Darul Kütübül İlmiyye Beyrut-Lübnan, bi tab’ati: el-ûlâ, M. 1983. El-Cerisi: Halid, el-Fetava Şeriyye fil Mesailil Asriyye mim Fetava Ulemâi’l Beledil Harem, Müessesetül Cerisi lil tevzî’, et-tab’atü’l ûlâ, M.1999. Habib: Doktor Sadi Ebu Habib, Kâmusu’l Fıkhî Lugaten ve Istılahen, ve’n Neşr: Dârul Fikri. Dımaşk-Suriye,bi tabati: Saniyetı H. 1408= M.1988, Tasvir: M. 1993. El-Halil: Ahmed bin Muhammed, el-Eshem Senedat ve Ahkamuha fil Fıkhil İslami, Neşr Daru İbnul Cevzi, et tabatul: el-ûlâ, senetu 1424. El-Hıyat: Doktor Abdülaziz İzzet el-Hıyat, eş Şerikat fiş Şeriatil İslamiyye vel Kanunil Vad’î, bi Neşri Darul Beşir, Amman et-Tab’atu’r Rabiatu, Senetu’n Neşr: 1994. Davud: Süleyman bin el-eş’atu’l Ezdî es-Sicistânî, Ebu Davud, es-Sünen, Tahkik: Şaîb el-Arnavud- Muhammed Kamil Karabelli, Tab’atu’ul ûlâ, Beyrut, Lübnan, Daru Risaletil Alemiyye, M. 2009. Rıdvan:Ebu Zeyd, eş-Şerikâtu’t Ticariyyetü fil Kanunil Kuveytî el-Makârin , tab’atu’l ula, Daru’l Kitabul Hadis, Kuveyt, M. 1978. Rıdvan: Ziyad, Mebâdiu’l Istismaril Mali ve’l Hakiki, Daru Vail, M. 2018. Ez-Zübeydi: Muhammed bin Muhammed el-Hasînî, Ebul Feyz el-Mulakkib bi Murtedâ ez-Zübeydî, Tâcul Arûs min Cevâhiril Kâmûs, bi Tahkiki Mecmuatu minel Muhakkikin, ven Naşir: Dârul Hidâye. Ez-Zehili: Doktor Vehbi ez-Zuheyli, el-Muâmeletül Mâliyyeti’l Muâsıra Buhus ve Fetâvâ ve Hulul, Neşir: Dârul Fikri, Dımaşk, M. 2002. Şebîr: Doktor Muhammed Osman Şebir, el Muâmeletül Mâliyyeti’l Muâsıra fil Fıkhil İslami, Neşr Dâru’n Nefâis, Tab’atu’s Sâdise, 2007. Eş-Şerbenî: Şemsettin, Muhammed bin Ahmed el-Hatîb eş-Şerbeni’ş Şâfiî, Muğanni’l Muhtaci ila Marifeti Meani Elfazul Minhâc, Neşri: Dârul Kütübil İlmiyye, tab’at’i: ûlâ, 1994. Es-Sâvî: Ebul Abbas Ahmed bin Muhammed el-Halveti, es-Sâvî’l Mâlikî bi Lüğati’s Sâlik li Agrabi’l Mesâlik, Neşr: Daru’l Mearif. Et-Taberânî: Süleyman bin Ahmed, Ebul Kasım et-Taberânî, el-Mu’cemu’l Kebîr, Muhakkik: Hamdi bin Abdülmecid es-Selefî, Darun Neşr: Mektebetü İbn Teymiyye-Kahire, Tab’at’u’s Sâniyetu M. 1994. Abdurrahman: Ali Abdulâli, el-Kırâd fil Fıkhil İslâmî, Daru’l Hedâ lil Tabâati, Mısır, Senetun Neşr H. 1400. El-Arabî: Kadı Muhammed bin Abdullah Ebu Bekir bin el-Arabi el-İşbili el- Maliki, Ahkâmul Kur’ân, Nâşir: Dârul Kütübil İlmiyye, Senetun Neşr: H. 2003. Urfe: Muhammed bin Muhammed ibn Urfe el-Verğamî’t Tûnûsî’l Mâlikî, Ebu Abdullah, el/Muhtasarul Fıkhi li ibn Urfe, Tahkik: Dr. Hafız Abdurrahman Muhammed Hayr ve Neşr: Müessesetü Halefi Ahmed el-Habetûr lil A’mâlil Hayriye, Tab’at’ul Ûlâ M. 2014. İzzet: Muhammed Eymen İzzet el-Meydânî, İdâretü’t Temvîliyyeti fiş Şerikât, Mektebetül Abîkân, H. 1427. El-Ayneyn, Muhammed İbrahim Ebul Ayneyn, Mebâdiul Kânûn li Ricâlil A’mâl fil Memleketil Arabiyyeti’s Suûdiyyeti, tab’atu’l ûlâ, Daru Tehâme, M. 1981. Fâris: Ahmed bin Fâris, Ebul Hüseyin, Mu’cemu Makâyisil Lügati, Tahkik: Abdüsselam Muhammed Harun, Neşir: Dârul Fikri, Âmin Neşr: M. 1979. Fevzi Atva, eş-Şerikâtü’t Ticâriyyeti fil Kavânînil Vad’iyyeti veş Şerîatil İslâmiyye, Menşûrâtil Halebî, Lübnan, 2005. Kudâme: Muvaffakuddin Ebu Muhammed Abdullah bin Ahmed bin Muhammed bin Kudâme, el-Muğanni, alâ el-Muhtasaril Hırakî, Tahkik: Taha el-Zeynî ve Mahmud Abdülvehhab Fayid ve Abdülkadir Ata ve Mahmud Ğanem Ğays, tab’atu’l ûlâ, Kahire, Mektebetül Kahire, M. 1969. El-Kesânî: Alauddin, Ebu Bekir bin Mesud el-Kesânî, Bedâi’us Sınâi fî tertîbiş Şerâi’, Neşr: Dârul Kütübil İlmiyye, Tab’at’us Saniyetu, M. 1986. Mâce: Muhammed bin Yezîd el-Kazvînî, İbnu Mâce, es-Sünen, Tahkik: Şaîbu’l Arnavud ve Âdil Mürşit ve Muhammed Kamil Karabelli ve Abdullatif Harezallahu, tab’atu’l ûlâ, Beyrut, Lübnan, Dâru Risâletil Alemiyye, M. 2009. El-Mâverdî: Ebul Hasan, Nekatu vel Uyûn ( Tefsîru’l Mâverdî), Naşir: Daru’l Kütübil İlmiyye-Müessesetül Kütübi’s Sekâfeti. Mu’cemu’l Lügatil Arabiyyeti bil Kahire, Telif: (İbrahim Mustafa/Ahmed Ziyat/ Hamit Abdülkadir/ Muhammed Neccar), el-Mu’cemul Vasît, ven Nâşir: Daru Davet. Mecmuatu minel Müellefin : Nazım Mahmud Nuri eş-Şemrî, Tahir Fazıl el-Beyati, Ahmet Zekeriya Sıyam, Esâsiyyâtul İstismârul Aynî vel Mâlî, Tarihu Neşr: H. 142. Munazzametul Mu’temeril İslami, Mecmaul Fıkhil İslami Düveli, Mecelletül Mecmua, Cidde, ve Mecelletü Menşûra fil Mektebetiş Şâmiletil Elektroniyye, Tarihu Neşr Şamile: 8 Zulhicce 1431. Nebhânî: Takiyüddin, Nizamul İktisadi fil İslam, Darul Ümmet, Beyrut, Tab’atu’s Sadisetü, M. 2004 Hindî: Münir İbrahim, Evrâkul Mâliyye ve Esvâkul Mâl, Dârul Meârif, İskenderiye, M. 2006. Heysemi: Ebul Hasan Nureddin Ali bin Ebu Bekir el-Heysemi, Mecmaul Zevâid ve Menbaul Fevaid, Muhakkik: Hüsameddin el-Kudsî, Naşir: Mektebetül Kudsî, Kahire, Âmin Neşr: H. 1414, M.1994. Yunus: Ali Hasan, eş-Şerikatut Ticariyye, Matbatul İ’timâd, Kahire.
شركة المساهمة وأحكامها الشرعية في الفقه الإسلامي Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 45 – 63, 01.08.2024
Muhammed İbrahim Kattanoğlu
Öz تتميز شركة المساهمة بأن رأس المال فيها ينقسم إلى أجزاء متساوية القيمة كل جزء يسمى سهماً، فيشترك كل شخص بعدة أسهم وتكون هذه الأسهم قابلة للتداول، ويكون الشريك المساهم فيها مسئولاً أمام الغير بمقدار أسهمه ولا تعنون باسم أحد الشركاء وإن كانت تتخذ لها اسما يدل على غرضها. تصدر شركة المساهمة صكوكاً من أنواع عدة وهي: الأسهم والسندات وحصص التأسيس. تتنوع الأسهم في شركة المساهمة بأنواع عدة تحكمها ضوابط فقهية تعطيها الحكم الشرعي؛ ولهذا تنوعت الأسهم بين الاباحة والتحريم. وقد خلص هذا البحث إلى عدة نتائج كان أهمها أن لا خلاف بين الفقهاء أن الشركات التي يكون أصل نشاطها مباح يجوز المساهمة فيها، كما أنه لا خلاف بينهم أن الشركات التي يكون أصل نشاطها حرام لا يجوز المساهمة فيها، وأن الأسهم النقدية، والعينية والاسمية، وأسهم لأمر، والأسهم العادية، وأسهم رأس المال هي أسهم جائزة، وأن الأسهم لحاملها، والأسهم الممتازة إلا أسهم امتياز حق القدامى في الاكتتاب قبل غيرهم، وذات الصوت المتعدد، وأسهم التمتع والأسهم المختلطة هي أسهم غير جائزة شرعاً، أما بالنسبة للسندات الربوية التي تصدرها شركة المساهمة فقد ذهب الفقهاء المعاصرون إلى عدم جواز التعامل بها، وقد اختلفوا في الحكم الشرعي على حصص التأسيس التي تمنحها الشركة لبعض الأشخاص أو الهيئات بشكل صك يعطي حامله حقاً في أرباح الشركة مقابل جهود بذلت من أجل الشركة عند تأسيسها. كما أوصى الباحث بمتابعة وإيجاد الأحكام الشرعية لمستجدات شركات الأسهم في كل حين، كما أوصى الباحثين بزيارة هذه الشركات وتقديم النصح لها، ومتابعة قوائمها المالية وبيان ما هو نقي وجائز منها، كما أوصى المجيزين والمحرمين للأسهم بإيجاد معايير شرعية دقيقة مجمع عليها لتبيين أحكام الأسهم في الشركات.
Anahtar Kelimeler شركات, أسهم, سندات, حصص أرباح, صكوك, شركاء
Kaynakça Al-Babarti: Ekmeleddin Ebu Abdullah Al-Babarti, el-İnâye Şerhu’l Hidâye, Neşir: Dâru’l Fikr. Babelli: Mahmud Muhammed, eş-Şerikâtu’t Ticâriyye, Tab’ul-ûlâ, al-müessesetül ilmiyye lil vesâilü’t ta’limiyye, Halep, M. 1978. Al-Buhârî: Ebu Abdullah, Muhammed bin İsmail al-Buhari el-Cu’fî, el-Câmiul Musnedüs Sahihul Muhtasar mim umûri Rasulullah sallallahu aleyhi vesellem ve sunenuhu ve eyyamuhu, Tahkik: Muhammed Zahir en-Nasır, et-tab’ul ûlâ, Beyrut, Lübnan, Dâru’t Tûgun Necât, H. 1422. Et-Tirmizî: Muhammed bin İsa bin Sevratü’t Tirmizî, el-Câmiul Kebîr, Sünenü’t Tirmizî, Tahkik: Beşar Avad Maruf, Beyrut, Lübnan, Daru’l Ğarbul İslami, M. 1998. Et-Temimi: Ebu Bekir Muhammed bin Abdullah et-Temimi es-Sekali- el-Camiul lil Mesail Müdevvine, Neşir: Ma’hedu’l Buhûsul İlmiyye ve İhyau’t Turâsi’l İslamiyet- Camiatü Ümmül Kurâ, ve’t Tevzî’, Dârul Fikri lil Tab’ati ve’n Neşri ve’t Tevzî’, bi’t Tab’ati: el-Ûlâ, H.1434-M. 2013. El-Cürcani: Ali bin Muhammed el-Cürcani, Kütabu’t Tarifat, ven Neşr: Darul Kütübül İlmiyye Beyrut-Lübnan, bi tab’ati: el-ûlâ, M. 1983. El-Cerisi: Halid, el-Fetava Şeriyye fil Mesailil Asriyye mim Fetava Ulemâi’l Beledil Harem, Müessesetül Cerisi lil tevzî’, et-tab’atü’l ûlâ, M.1999. Habib: Doktor Sadi Ebu Habib, Kâmusu’l Fıkhî Lugaten ve Istılahen, ve’n Neşr: Dârul Fikri. Dımaşk-Suriye,bi tabati: Saniyetı H. 1408= M.1988, Tasvir: M. 1993. El-Halil: Ahmed bin Muhammed, el-Eshem Senedat ve Ahkamuha fil Fıkhil İslami, Neşr Daru İbnul Cevzi, et tabatul: el-ûlâ, senetu 1424. El-Hıyat: Doktor Abdülaziz İzzet el-Hıyat, eş Şerikat fiş Şeriatil İslamiyye vel Kanunil Vad’î, bi Neşri Darul Beşir, Amman et-Tab’atu’r Rabiatu, Senetu’n Neşr: 1994. Davud: Süleyman bin el-eş’atu’l Ezdî es-Sicistânî, Ebu Davud, es-Sünen, Tahkik: Şaîb el-Arnavud- Muhammed Kamil Karabelli, Tab’atu’ul ûlâ, Beyrut, Lübnan, Daru Risaletil Alemiyye, M. 2009. Rıdvan:Ebu Zeyd, eş-Şerikâtu’t Ticariyyetü fil Kanunil Kuveytî el-Makârin , tab’atu’l ula, Daru’l Kitabul Hadis, Kuveyt, M. 1978. Rıdvan: Ziyad, Mebâdiu’l Istismaril Mali ve’l Hakiki, Daru Vail, M. 2018. Ez-Zübeydi: Muhammed bin Muhammed el-Hasînî, Ebul Feyz el-Mulakkib bi Murtedâ ez-Zübeydî, Tâcul Arûs min Cevâhiril Kâmûs, bi Tahkiki Mecmuatu minel Muhakkikin, ven Naşir: Dârul Hidâye. Ez-Zehili: Doktor Vehbi ez-Zuheyli, el-Muâmeletül Mâliyyeti’l Muâsıra Buhus ve Fetâvâ ve Hulul, Neşir: Dârul Fikri, Dımaşk, M. 2002. Şebîr: Doktor Muhammed Osman Şebir, el Muâmeletül Mâliyyeti’l Muâsıra fil Fıkhil İslami, Neşr Dâru’n Nefâis, Tab’atu’s Sâdise, 2007. Eş-Şerbenî: Şemsettin, Muhammed bin Ahmed el-Hatîb eş-Şerbeni’ş Şâfiî, Muğanni’l Muhtaci ila Marifeti Meani Elfazul Minhâc, Neşri: Dârul Kütübil İlmiyye, tab’at’i: ûlâ, 1994. Es-Sâvî: Ebul Abbas Ahmed bin Muhammed el-Halveti, es-Sâvî’l Mâlikî bi Lüğati’s Sâlik li Agrabi’l Mesâlik, Neşr: Daru’l Mearif. Et-Taberânî: Süleyman bin Ahmed, Ebul Kasım et-Taberânî, el-Mu’cemu’l Kebîr, Muhakkik: Hamdi bin Abdülmecid es-Selefî, Darun Neşr: Mektebetü İbn Teymiyye-Kahire, Tab’at’u’s Sâniyetu M. 1994. Abdurrahman: Ali Abdulâli, el-Kırâd fil Fıkhil İslâmî, Daru’l Hedâ lil Tabâati, Mısır, Senetun Neşr H. 1400. El-Arabî: Kadı Muhammed bin Abdullah Ebu Bekir bin el-Arabi el-İşbili el- Maliki, Ahkâmul Kur’ân, Nâşir: Dârul Kütübil İlmiyye, Senetun Neşr: H. 2003. Urfe: Muhammed bin Muhammed ibn Urfe el-Verğamî’t Tûnûsî’l Mâlikî, Ebu Abdullah, el/Muhtasarul Fıkhi li ibn Urfe, Tahkik: Dr. Hafız Abdurrahman Muhammed Hayr ve Neşr: Müessesetü Halefi Ahmed el-Habetûr lil A’mâlil Hayriye, Tab’at’ul Ûlâ M. 2014. İzzet: Muhammed Eymen İzzet el-Meydânî, İdâretü’t Temvîliyyeti fiş Şerikât, Mektebetül Abîkân, H. 1427. El-Ayneyn, Muhammed İbrahim Ebul Ayneyn, Mebâdiul Kânûn li Ricâlil A’mâl fil Memleketil Arabiyyeti’s Suûdiyyeti, tab’atu’l ûlâ, Daru Tehâme, M. 1981. Fâris: Ahmed bin Fâris, Ebul Hüseyin, Mu’cemu Makâyisil Lügati, Tahkik: Abdüsselam Muhammed Harun, Neşir: Dârul Fikri, Âmin Neşr: M. 1979. Fevzi Atva, eş-Şerikâtü’t Ticâriyyeti fil Kavânînil Vad’iyyeti veş Şerîatil İslâmiyye, Menşûrâtil Halebî, Lübnan, 2005. Kudâme: Muvaffakuddin Ebu Muhammed Abdullah bin Ahmed bin Muhammed bin Kudâme, el-Muğanni, alâ el-Muhtasaril Hırakî, Tahkik: Taha el-Zeynî ve Mahmud Abdülvehhab Fayid ve Abdülkadir Ata ve Mahmud Ğanem Ğays, tab’atu’l ûlâ, Kahire, Mektebetül Kahire, M. 1969. El-Kesânî: Alauddin, Ebu Bekir bin Mesud el-Kesânî, Bedâi’us Sınâi fî tertîbiş Şerâi’, Neşr: Dârul Kütübil İlmiyye, Tab’at’us Saniyetu, M. 1986. Mâce: Muhammed bin Yezîd el-Kazvînî, İbnu Mâce, es-Sünen, Tahkik: Şaîbu’l Arnavud ve Âdil Mürşit ve Muhammed Kamil Karabelli ve Abdullatif Harezallahu, tab’atu’l ûlâ, Beyrut, Lübnan, Dâru Risâletil Alemiyye, M. 2009. El-Mâverdî: Ebul Hasan, Nekatu vel Uyûn ( Tefsîru’l Mâverdî), Naşir: Daru’l Kütübil İlmiyye-Müessesetül Kütübi’s Sekâfeti. Mu’cemu’l Lügatil Arabiyyeti bil Kahire, Telif: (İbrahim Mustafa/Ahmed Ziyat/ Hamit Abdülkadir/ Muhammed Neccar), el-Mu’cemul Vasît, ven Nâşir: Daru Davet. Mecmuatu minel Müellefin : Nazım Mahmud Nuri eş-Şemrî, Tahir Fazıl el-Beyati, Ahmet Zekeriya Sıyam, Esâsiyyâtul İstismârul Aynî vel Mâlî, Tarihu Neşr: H. 142. Munazzametul Mu’temeril İslami, Mecmaul Fıkhil İslami Düveli, Mecelletül Mecmua, Cidde, ve Mecelletü Menşûra fil Mektebetiş Şâmiletil Elektroniyye, Tarihu Neşr Şamile: 8 Zulhicce 1431. Nebhânî: Takiyüddin, Nizamul İktisadi fil İslam, Darul Ümmet, Beyrut, Tab’atu’s Sadisetü, M. 2004 Hindî: Münir İbrahim, Evrâkul Mâliyye ve Esvâkul Mâl, Dârul Meârif, İskenderiye, M. 2006. Heysemi: Ebul Hasan Nureddin Ali bin Ebu Bekir el-Heysemi, Mecmaul Zevâid ve Menbaul Fevaid, Muhakkik: Hüsameddin el-Kudsî, Naşir: Mektebetül Kudsî, Kahire, Âmin Neşr: H. 1414, M.1994. Yunus: Ali Hasan, eş-Şerikatut Ticariyye, Matbatul İ’timâd, Kahire. Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Arapça Konular Uluslararası İktisat (Diğer) Bölüm Research Article Yazarlar Muhammed İbrahim Kattanoğlu İSTANBUL SABAHATTİN ZAİM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ, İSLAM İKTİSADI VE HUKUKU ANABİLİM DALI, İSLAM İKTİSADI VE HUKUKU (DR) (ARAPÇA) 0000-0003-0368-0243 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Mayıs 2024 Kabul Tarihi 29 Temmuz 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3
Kaynak Göster APA Kattanoğlu, M. İ. (2024). شركة المساهمة وأحكامها الشرعية في الفقه الإسلامي. Avrasya Sosyal Ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(3), 45-63.
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