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ARA MALI İTHALATI VE FİRMA VERİMLİLİĞİ İLİŞKİSİ, MİKRO ÖLÇEKLİ AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 321 – 338, 28.06.2024
Aykut Alabayır
https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.1421996
Öz The purpose of this study, which examines the effects of imports of intermediate goods on company productivity, is to investigate what kind of situations the use of imports of intermediate goods for the resource creation stages of companies’ production processes creates in terms of increases and decreases in production efficiency, in the context of discussions on the role of international trade in increasing growth in general and productivity in production in particular. It is especially important to investigate the effects of imports for developing countries such as Turkiye, whose production level largely depends on imports and which necessarily imports in high amounts. Based on this issue, our company-level research on the effects of intermediate goods imports aims to contribute to the very limited number of micro-scale studies on Turkiye on the relevant subject in the literature. In our research, a sample of 174 companies, all of which are engaged in foreign trade and have two-way openness in terms of import-export, were examined with static panel data regression analysis within the scope of 2009-2019. According to the empirical findings, no statistically significant relationship was found between the production efficiency of companies and the volume changes in intermediate goods imports of companies. The effect of the supply of intermediate goods from foreign sources and thus the imported intermediate goods inputs used in the production processes in terms of the changes in the production efficiency of the companies was not found to be significant.
Anahtar Kelimeler Foreign Trade, Intermediate Goods Imports, Firm Productivity, Panel Data Analysis
Proje Numarası YOK
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Kasahara, H., & Rodrigue, J. (2008). Does the use of imported intermediates increase productivity? Plantlevel evidence. Journal of Development Economics, 87(1), 106-118. Krishnan, H. A., Tadepalli, R., & Park, D. (2009). R&D intensity, marketing intensity, and organizational performance. Journal of Managerial Issues, 232-244. Melitz, M. J. (2003). The impact of trade on intra-industry reallocations and aggregate industry productivity. Econometrica, 71(6), 1695-1725. Melitz, M. J. (2008). International trade and heterogeneous firms. In S. N. Durlauf & L.E. Blume (Eds.), The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan. Minondo, A. (2014). The relationship between export status and productivity in services: A firm-level analysis for Spain. Bulletin of Economic Research, 66(S1), S138-S146. Moric, I., Jovanović, J.Š., Đoković, R., Peković, S., & Perović, Đ. (2020). The effect of phases of the adoption of the circular economy on firm performance: evidence from 28 EU countries. Sustainability, 12(6), 25-57. Okafor, L. E. (2021). Export market destinations, imported intermediates, and productivity: Firm-level evidence from Ghana. The International Trade Journal, 35(4), 383-410. Pane, D. D., & Patunru, A. A. (2023). The role of imported inputs in firms’ productivity and exports: Evidence from Indonesia. Review of World Economics, 159(3), 629-672. Prokopenko, J. (2005). Productivity management: A practical handbook. International Labour Organization. Puga, D., & Trefler, D. (2010). Wake up and smell the Ginseng: International trade and the rise of incremental innovation in low-wage countries. Journal of Development Economics, 91: 64-76. Sartal, A., Ozcelik, N., & Rodriguez, M. (2020). Bringing the circular economy closer to small and medium enterprises: İmproving water circularity without damaging plant productivity. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256, 120363. Schor, A. (2004). Heterogeneous productivity response to tariff reduction. Evidence from Brazilian manufacturing firms. Journal of Development Economics, 75(2), 373-396. Scott, J. (1984). Firm versus industry variability in R&D intensity. In R&D, patents, and productivity (pp. 233-248). University of Chicago Press. Topalova, P., & Khandelwal, A. (2011). Trade liberalization and firm productivity: The case of India. Review of Economics and Statistics, 93: 995-1009. Tümtürk, O. (2021). Döviz kurlarının fiyatlara geçiş elastikiyeti ve TCMB para politikaları. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 76(3), 729-760. Üstün, R. (1997). İşgücünün verimliliği nasıl artırılabilir? Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 55-70. Wagner, J. (2007). Exports and productivity: A survey of the evidence from firm-level data. World Economy, 30(1), 60-82. Yavuz, İ. (2003). Verimlilik ve etkinlik ölçümüne yeni yaklaşımlar ve illere göre imalat sanayinde etkinlik karşılaştırmaları. Ankara: MPM Yayını. Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2013). Panel veri ekonometrisi: Stata uygulamalı. 2.Baskı, İstanbul: Beta Yayınları. Yükçü, S., & Atağan, G. (2009). Etkinlik, etkililik ve verimlilik kavramlarinin yarattiği karışıklık. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 23(4), 1-13. Zaclicever, D., & Pellandra, A. (2018). Imported inputs, technology spillovers and productivity: Firmlevel evidence from Uruguay. Review of World Economics, 154, 725-743. Zhou, S., Wang, Y., & Yang, M. (2020). Importing and firm productivity in China: The self-selection effect or the learning effect?. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 56(7), 1462-1473.
ARA MALI İTHALATI VE FİRMA VERİMLİLİĞİ İLİŞKİSİ, MİKRO ÖLÇEKLİ AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ Yıl 2024, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 321 – 338, 28.06.2024
Aykut Alabayır
https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.1421996
Öz Ara malı ithalatının firma verimliliğinde meydana getirdiği etkilerin incelendiği bu çalışmanın amacı, genel çerçevede büyümenin ve bilhassa üretimde verimliliğin artırılmasında uluslararası ticaretin rolü tartışmaları bağlamında, firmaların üretim süreçlerinde kaynak yaratma aşamaları için ara malı ithalatını kullanmalarının üretim verimliliği artış ve azalışları bakımından ne tür durumlar yarattığının araştırılmasıdır. Özellikle, üretim düzeyi büyük ölçüde ithalata bağlı olan ve zorunlu olarak yüksek miktarlarda ithalat yapan Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkeler açısından ithalatın yarattığı etkilerin araştırılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu hususa istinaden ara malı ithalatının etkilerine ilişkin firma düzeyli olarak gerçekleştirdiğimiz araştırmamız, literatürde ilgili konuda Türkiye üzerine mikro ölçekli çok sınırlı sayıda olan çalışma alanına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmamızda tamamı dış ticaret yapan ve ithalat-ihracat bakımından iki yönlü dışa açıklığı bulunan 174 adet firma örneklemi 2009-2019 yılları kapsamında statik panel veri regresyon analiziyle incelenmiştir. Elde edilen ampirik bulgulara göre, firmaların üretim verimliliği ile firmaların gerçekleştirdikleri ara malı ithalatı hacim değişimleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Firmaların üretim verimlilikleri değişimleri açısından yurt dışı kaynaklardan yapılan ara malı tedariğinin ve bu sayede üretim proseslerinde kullandıkları ithal ara malı girdilerinin etkisi anlamlı bulunmamıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler Dış Ticaret, Ara Malı İthalatı, Firma Verimliliği, Panel Veri Analizi
Destekleyen Kurum YOK
Proje Numarası YOK
Kaynakça Akat, İ., & Atılgan, T. (1992). Sanayi işletmelerinde kurumsallaşma ve şirket kültürü. Beta Yayınları, Ankara. Amiti, M., & Konings, J. (2007). Trade liberalization, intermediate inputs, and productivity: Evidence from Indonesia. American Economic Review, 97(5), 1611-1638. Ar, İ. M. (2006). Verimlilik: Nasıl 2. Woodwork Dergisi, Ekim/Kasım. Argın, N. (2015). Firma bazlı ticaret modelleri ve Türk ekonomisi. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), s.661-690. Arnold, J. M., & Hussinger, K. (2005). Export behavior and firm productivity in German manufacturing: A firm-level analysis. Review of World Economics, 141, 219-243. Bagci, K. (2010). Export diversification and productivity growth. European Trade Study Group, Retrieved, 5, 2015. Bakkalcı, A. C. (2013). Firma bazlı ticaret teorilerinin makroekonomik doğası ve Türk ekonomisi. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(22), s.69-98. Bernard, A. B., Jensen, J. B., & Lawrence, R. Z. (1995). Exporters, jobs, and wages in US manufacturing: 1976-1987. Brookings papers on economic activity. Microeconomics, 1995, 67-119. Bernard, A. B., & Jensen, J. B. (1999). Exceptional exporter performance: Cause, effect, or both? Journal of İnternational Economics, 47(1), 1-25. Bernard, A. B., Eaton, J., Jensen, J. B., & Kortum, S. (2003). Plants and productivity in international trade. American Economic Review, 93(4), 1268-1290. Bernard, A. B., Jensen, J. B., & Schott, P. K. (2006). Trade costs, firms and productivity. Journal of Monetary Economics, 53(5), 917-937. Bhattacharya, M., & Bloch, H. (2004). Determinants of innovation. Small Business Economics, 22, 155- 162. Broda, C., & Weinstein, D. E. (2006). Globalization and the Gains from Variety’. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 121: 541-585. Busu, M., & Trica, C.L. (2019). Sustainability of circular economy ındicators and their impact on economic growth of the European Union, Sustainability, 11(19), 5481. Büyükkılıç, D. (2004). Kâr amacı gütmeyen örgütlerde verimlilik. Milli Prodüktivite Merkezi. Clerides, S. K., Lach, S., & Tybout, J. R. (1998). Is learning by exporting important? Micro-dynamic evidence from Colombia, Mexico, and Morocco. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(3), 903-947. Cui, T., & Zhang, Y. (2022). Research on the ımpact of circular economy on total factor carbon productivity in China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, 78780-78794. Damar, A. O. (2010). Türkiye’de döviz kurundan fiyatlara geçiş etkisinin incelenmesi (Uzmanlık Yeterlilik Tezi). https://www3.tcmb.gov.tr/kutuphane/TURKCE/tezler/armaganonurdamar.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 19.04.2024 Gürak, H. (2001). Makro Verimlilik ve Teknoloji. Verimlilik Dergisi, 3, 7-14. Halpern, L., Koren, M., & Szeidl, A. (2015). Imported inputs and productivity. American Economic Review, 105(12), 3660-3703. Hirsch, S., & Bijaoui, I. (1985). R&D intensity and export performance: A micro view. Weltwirtschaftliches archiv, 121(2), 238-251. Kasahara, H., & Rodrigue, J. (2008). Does the use of imported intermediates increase productivity? Plantlevel evidence. Journal of Development Economics, 87(1), 106-118. Krishnan, H. A., Tadepalli, R., & Park, D. (2009). R&D intensity, marketing intensity, and organizational performance. Journal of Managerial Issues, 232-244. Melitz, M. J. (2003). The impact of trade on intra-industry reallocations and aggregate industry productivity. Econometrica, 71(6), 1695-1725. Melitz, M. J. (2008). International trade and heterogeneous firms. In S. N. Durlauf & L.E. Blume (Eds.), The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan. Minondo, A. (2014). The relationship between export status and productivity in services: A firm-level analysis for Spain. Bulletin of Economic Research, 66(S1), S138-S146. Moric, I., Jovanović, J.Š., Đoković, R., Peković, S., & Perović, Đ. (2020). The effect of phases of the adoption of the circular economy on firm performance: evidence from 28 EU countries. Sustainability, 12(6), 25-57. Okafor, L. E. (2021). Export market destinations, imported intermediates, and productivity: Firm-level evidence from Ghana. The International Trade Journal, 35(4), 383-410. Pane, D. D., & Patunru, A. A. (2023). The role of imported inputs in firms’ productivity and exports: Evidence from Indonesia. Review of World Economics, 159(3), 629-672. Prokopenko, J. (2005). Productivity management: A practical handbook. International Labour Organization. Puga, D., & Trefler, D. (2010). Wake up and smell the Ginseng: International trade and the rise of incremental innovation in low-wage countries. Journal of Development Economics, 91: 64-76. Sartal, A., Ozcelik, N., & Rodriguez, M. (2020). Bringing the circular economy closer to small and medium enterprises: İmproving water circularity without damaging plant productivity. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256, 120363. Schor, A. (2004). Heterogeneous productivity response to tariff reduction. Evidence from Brazilian manufacturing firms. Journal of Development Economics, 75(2), 373-396. Scott, J. (1984). Firm versus industry variability in R&D intensity. In R&D, patents, and productivity (pp. 233-248). University of Chicago Press. Topalova, P., & Khandelwal, A. (2011). Trade liberalization and firm productivity: The case of India. Review of Economics and Statistics, 93: 995-1009. Tümtürk, O. (2021). Döviz kurlarının fiyatlara geçiş elastikiyeti ve TCMB para politikaları. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 76(3), 729-760. Üstün, R. (1997). İşgücünün verimliliği nasıl artırılabilir? Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 55-70. Wagner, J. (2007). Exports and productivity: A survey of the evidence from firm-level data. World Economy, 30(1), 60-82. Yavuz, İ. (2003). Verimlilik ve etkinlik ölçümüne yeni yaklaşımlar ve illere göre imalat sanayinde etkinlik karşılaştırmaları. Ankara: MPM Yayını. Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2013). Panel veri ekonometrisi: Stata uygulamalı. 2.Baskı, İstanbul: Beta Yayınları. Yükçü, S., & Atağan, G. (2009). Etkinlik, etkililik ve verimlilik kavramlarinin yarattiği karışıklık. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 23(4), 1-13. Zaclicever, D., & Pellandra, A. (2018). Imported inputs, technology spillovers and productivity: Firmlevel evidence from Uruguay. Review of World Economics, 154, 725-743. Zhou, S., Wang, Y., & Yang, M. (2020). Importing and firm productivity in China: The self-selection effect or the learning effect?. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 56(7), 1462-1473. Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Uluslararası İktisat (Diğer) Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri Yazarlar Aykut Alabayır YALOVA UNIVERSITY 0000-0002-4342-7560 Türkiye
Proje Numarası YOK Erken Görünüm Tarihi 26 Haziran 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Ocak 2024 Kabul Tarihi 20 Mayıs 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2
Kaynak Göster APA Alabayır, A. (2024). ARA MALI İTHALATI VE FİRMA VERİMLİLİĞİ İLİŞKİSİ, MİKRO ÖLÇEKLİ AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat Ve İşletme Dergisi, 20(2), 321-338. https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.1421996
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