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HZ. ALİ’YE NİSPET EDİLEN KADİM BİR MUSHAF: TİEM 458 Skip to content Yıl 2024, Sayı: 110, 39 – 60, 24.06.2024
Fatih Cankurt
https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1409392
Öz In many countries, especially in the Islamic geography, there are many mushafs from the early periods. Most of these mushafs are attributed to the third caliph, Hazrat Uthman, but there are also mushafs claimed to be by the fourth caliph, Hazrat Ali. Since he presided over the reproduction of the mushafs during his caliphate, the possibility of the existence of a mushaf belonging to Hazrat Uthman can be considered reasonable. On the other hand, the claim that Hazrat Ali has a surviving mushaf raises many questions. In this study, one of the mushafs attributed to Hazrat Ali, the mushaf with inventory number 458 in the Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts, is analyzed. The Mushaf is analyzed in terms of its attribution to Hazrat Ali, its formal and historical characteristics. Because early mushafs can contain many important data such as calligraphy, illumination, information on the beginning of the sūrah, and end-of-verse signs. In addition, the extent to which the principles of qiraat and rasm al-mushaf were taken into account in the spelling of the manuscripts can also provide new and remarkable information in these fields. The Qiraat and official mushaf aspects of the Mushaf will be the subject of a separate and comprehensive study. For this reason, the Mushaf, which is the subject of this study in terms of its formal, historical and attribution to Hazrat Ali, was written in kufic calligraphy and then dots were placed to determine the irab and letters. Considering all the features of the mushaf, which is also quite sufficient in terms of illumination elements, it is concluded that it was written in the middle of the second century of Hijri. In addition, it is seen that it is not possible for it to have belonged to Hazrat Ali both in terms of its characteristics and the date it was written.
Anahtar Kelimeler Qur'an, History of Mushaf, Ancient Mushafs, Calligraphy, Illumination, Hazrat Ali, TİEM 458.
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HZ. ALİ’YE NİSPET EDİLEN KADİM BİR MUSHAF: TİEM 458 Yıl 2024, Sayı: 110, 39 – 60, 24.06.2024
Fatih Cankurt
https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1409392
Öz Başta İslâm coğrafyası olmak üzere birçok ülkede, erken dönemlere ait mushaflar mevcuttur. Bunların arasında üçüncü halife Hz. Osman’a nispet edilenler çoğunluğu teşkil etmekle birlikte dördüncü halife Hz. Ali’ye ait olduğu iddia edilen mushaflar da bulunmaktadır. Halifeliği döneminde mushafların istinsahı işlemine riyaset etmesi ve çoğaltılan mushaflardan birini kendi yanında bıraktığına dair bilgiler dikkate alındığında Hz. Osman’a ait bir mushafın varlığına dair ihtimal makul görülebilir. Buna karşın Hz. Ali’nin günümüze ulaşan bir mushafı olduğuna dair iddiada bulunulması ise birçok soru işaretini beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada Hz. Ali’ye nispet edilen mushaflardan biri, Türk ve İslâm Eserleri Müzesi 458 envanter numaralı mushaf incelenmektedir. Mushaf, Hz. Ali’ye aidiyetini tespit yanında şekilsel, tarihsel özelikleri itibariyle de tahlil edilmektedir. Zira erken dönem mushaflar, hangi tarihlerde vücut bulduğu bilgisiyle birlikte hattı, tezhibi, sûre başı bilgileri, ayet sonu işaretleri, tahmis-ta‘şîr işaretleri gibi pek çok önemli veri ihtiva edebilmektedir. Bunun yanında kıraat ve resmü’l-mushaf ilmine dair mevcut bilgilerin mushafta ne derece dikkate alındığı da bu alanlar açısından kayda değer bilgilere ulaşmayı mümkün kılabilmektedir. Kıraat ve resm-i mushaf yönü ayrıca ve kapsamlı bir çalışmanın konusu edileceği için TİEM 458 numaralı Mushaf, şekilsel özellikleri, imla edildiği tarih ve Hz. Ali’ye nispeti yönüyle bu araştırmada tahkik edilmektedir. Buna göre, TİEM 458’in kûfî hatla yazıldığı, sonrasında irabı tayin, harfleri tefrik için noktalar konulduğu görülebilmektedir. Tezhip unsurları açısından da oldukça yeterli olduğu görülen mushafın tüm hususiyetleri dikkate alınarak hicrî ikinci asrın ortalarında imla edildiği kanaati ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunun yanında hem mevcut hususiyetleri hem de imla edildiği tarih itibariyle Mushaf’ın, Hz. Ali’ye nispet edilebilmesinin imkan dışı olduğu görülmüştür
Anahtar Kelimeler Kur’ân-ı Ker’îm, Mushaf Tarihi, Kadim Mushaflar, Hat, Tezhip, Hz. Ali, TİEM 458.
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Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2/6 (2006), 15-38. Rezvan, Efim A. "The Data-Base On Early Qur'an MSS: New Approach To The Text History Reconstruction". Proceedings Of The 3rd International Conference And Exhibition On Multi-Lingual Computing (Arabic And Roman Script), The Centre For Middle Eastern And Islamic Studies: University of Durham, 1992. Serin, Muhittin. Hat Sanatımız. İstanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyat, 1982. Süyûtî, Celalüddin Abdurrahman b. Ebi Bekr (911/1505). el-İtkân fî ulûmi’l-Kur’ân. Beyrut: Dârü'l-Kütübi'l-İlmiyye, 1987. Şahin, Seracettin vd. 1400. Yılında Kur’an-ı Kerim: Türk ve İslâm Eserleri Müzesi Kur’an-ı Kerim Koleksiyonu. İstanbul: Antik A.Ş. Yayınları, 2010. Şen, Ziya. Haccac b. Yusuf ve Mushaf Tarihindeki Yeri, Turkish Studies, Volume 9/5, Ankara, 2014, s. 1867-1894. Şen, Ziya. Şîa’nın Kıraatlere ve Kur’ân Tarihine Bakışı. İstanbul: Düşün Yayıncılık, 2013. Topuzoğlu, Tevfik Rüştü. “Halil b. Ahmed”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 15/309-312. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1997. C. XV. Uzun, Mustafa İsmet. “Ebced”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 10/69. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1994. Yazır, M. Bedreddin. Medeniyet Aleminde Yazı ve İslâm Medeniyetinde Kalem Güzeli. Ankara: 1972. Yılmaz, Abdülkadir. Hat Sanatında Satır Sistemi (Sülüs, Nesih, Ta’lik, Rik’a). Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Erzurum, 1996. Zencâni, Ebû Abdullah. Tarihü'l-Kur'ân. Beyrut: Müessesetü’l-A’lemi li’l-Matbuat, 3. Basım, 1969. Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Dini Araştırmalar (Diğer), Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi Yazarlar Fatih Cankurt BURDUR MEHMET AKİF ERSOY ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0001-9352-429X Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Haziran 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Aralık 2023 Kabul Tarihi 15 Nisan 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 110
Kaynak Göster ISNAD Cankurt, Fatih. “HZ. ALİ’YE NİSPET EDİLEN KADİM BİR MUSHAF: TİEM 458”. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 110 (Haziran 2024), 39-60. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1409392.
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