Investigating social and psychological adaptation among international students: A study of factors influencing wellbeing.

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 105 – 115, 27.06.2024

Glorıa Manyeruke , Ebru Tansel

https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.24.2.01

Öz

The challenges experienced by international students have drawn increasing attention as the body of international students continues to increase globally. The current study investigated the academic, sociocultural and psychological adaptation and well-being of international students in North Cyprus. The sample of 524 students was selected using convenience sampling. The sample comprised of local students, international students from Turkiye and international students from other countries. The study revealed that academic adaptation and proficiency in language of instruction were significant predictors of psychopathology. This emphasizes the value international university students place on academic attainment as their primary goal for migration. Psychopathology and academic adaptation have a dual-causal relationship with each other. The results suggests that ethnicity is linked to mental health outcomes. Students from Turkiye reported higher psychopathology scores than international students from other countries. The research outlined several factors that predict better adaption. Integrative acculturation orientation and higher perceived financial status predicted sociocultural adaption. However, high home culture orientation was predictive of poor psychological adaptation. The research recommends that culture sensitivity psychological support should be made accessible for local and international students to meet their differing adaptive challenges in tertiary education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acculturation, adaptation, international students, psychopathology, cultural distance

Kaynakça

• ADRC (2019). Information on Disaster Risk Reduction of the Member Countries. https://www.adrc.asia/nationinformation.php?NationCode=792&Lang=en&NationNum=39
• Anderson, J. R., Guan, Y., & Koc, Y. (2016). The academic adjustment scale: Measuring the adjustment of permanent resident or sojourner students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 54, 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJINTREL.2016.07.006
• Berry, J. W., Kim, U., Minde, T., & Mok, D. (1987). Comparative Studies of Acculturative Stress. The International Migration Review, 21(3), 491–511. https://doi.org/10.2307/2546607
• Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46(1), 5–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01087.x
• Bethel, A., Ward, C. & Fetvadjiev, V. H. (2020) Cross-Cultural Transition and Psychological Adaptation of International Students: The Mediating Role of Host National Connectedness. Front. Educ. 5, 539950. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2020.539950
• Brunsting, N. C., Zachry, C., & Takeuchi, R. (2018). Predictors of undergraduate international student psychosocial adjustment to US universities: A systematic review from 2009-2018. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 66, 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJINTREL.2018.06.002
• Buckelew, S., Burk, J., Brownlee-Duffeck, M., Frank, R., & DeGood, D. (1988). Cognitive and somatic aspects of depression among a rehabilitation sample: Reliability and validity of SCL-90-R research subscales. Rehabilitation Psychology, 33(2), 67–75. doi:10.1037/h0091679
• Bulut, A. (2023). The Relationship between Natural Disasters and Mental Health, Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology, 5(3), 265-273.
• Çakıcı Eş, A., Öneri Uzun, G. & Güldal Kan, Ş. (2020). Investigation of Loneliness and Anxiety Processes of University Students. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology, 2(2): 68-74. doi:10.35365/ctjpp.20.02.10
• Çakıcı, M., Gökçe, Ö., Babayiğit, A., Çakıcı, E., & Eş, A. (2017). Depression: point-prevalence and risk factors in a North Cyprus household adult cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 387. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1548-z
• Campbell, F., Blank, L., Cantrell, A., Baxter, S., Blackmore, C., Dixon, J., & Goyder, E. (2022). Factors that influence mental health of university and college students in the UK: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1778. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13943-x
• Chang, T. E., Weiss, A. P., Marques, L., Baer, L., Vogeli, C., Trinh, H. T., Clain, A. J., Blais, M. A., Fava, M., & Yeung, A. S. (2014). Race/ethnicity and other social determinants of psychological well-being and functioning in mental health clinics. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 25(3), 1418–1431. https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2014.0138
• Chen, J. H., Li, Y., Wu, A. M. S., & Tong, K. K. (2020). The overlooked minority: Mental health of International students worldwide under the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102333
• Chiu, M., Amartey, A., Wang, X., & Kurdyak, P. (2018). Ethnic Differences in Mental Health Status and Service Utilization: A Population-Based Study in Ontario, Canada. Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 63(7), 481–491. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743717741061
• Choudaha, R. & Van Rest, E. (2018). Megatrends shaping the future of global higher education and international student mobility. Study Portals. chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.studyportals.com/wp-ontent/uploads/2018/01/Report-Envisioning-Pathways-to-2030-Studyportals-2018.pdf Dag, I. (1991). Reliability and validity of the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) for university students. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2, 5-12
• de Lucena, M. S., Hoersting, R. C., & Modesto, J. G. (2020). The sociocultural and psychological adaptation of Syrian refugees in Brazil. PSICO, 51(3), 1–12.
• Demes, K. A., & Geeraert, N. (2014). Measures matter: Scales for adaptation, cultural distance, and acculturation orientation revisited. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,45(1),91–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022113487590
• Derogatis, L. R., & Unger, R. (2010). Symptom checklist-90-revised. The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1–2. doi: 10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0970
• Drobnič, S. (2014). Comparative Analysis. In: Michalos, A.C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_492
• Ergün, D. & Şenyüz, S. (2022) Prolonged grief disorder among bereaved survivors after the 2011 Van Earthquake in Turkey. Death Studies, 46(6), 1364371, DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1884624
• Feng, X., Astell-Burt, T., & Kolt, G. S. (2013). Do social interactions explain ethnic differences in psychological distress and the protective effect of local ethnic density? A cross-sectional study of 226 487 adults in Australia. BMJ open, 3(5), e002713. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002713
• Forbes-Mewett, H. & Sawyer, A. (2016). International Students and Mental Health. Journal Of international students,6(3),661-677. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v6i3.348
• Galchenko, I., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2007). The role of perceived cultural distance in the acculturation of exchange students in Russia. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 31(2), 181–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2006.03.004
• Gökbulut, B., Yeniasır, M. & Karabacak, H. E. (2019). Opinions and Expectations of Turkish and Foreign National Students Studying at Northern Cyprus Universities Concerning Multicultural and Inclusive/Integrated Education Settings. Education Sciences, 9(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9010009
• Hussain, M. & Shen, H. (2019). A Study on Academic Adaptation of International Students in China. Higher Education Studies, 9(4), 80-91. DOI: 10.5539/hes.v9n4p80
• Kodish, T., Lau, A. S., Gong-Guy, E., Congdon, E., Arnaudova, I., Schmidt, M., Shoemaker, L., & Craske, M. G. (2022). Enhancing Racial/Ethnic Equity in College Student Mental Health Through Innovative Screening and Treatment. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 49(2), 267–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-021-01163-1
• Kornienko, A. A., Shamrova, D. P., Kvesko, S. B., Kornienko, A. A., Nikitina, Y. A., & Chaplinskaya, Y. I. (2017). Adjustment and Adaptation Problems Experienced by International Students in Aspect of Quality Management. In F. Casati, G. A. Barysheva, & W. Krieger (Eds.), Lifelong wellbeing in the world-Wellso-2016 (pp. 359-361). Future Academy. DOI: 10.15405/epsbs.2017.01.48
• Ladum, A., & Burkholder, G. (2019). Psychological Adaptation of International Students in the Northern Part of Cyprus. Higher Learning Research Communications, 9 (1). DOI: 10.18870/hlrc.v9i1.436
• Marôco J, Assunção H, Harju-Luukkainen H, Lin S-W, Sit P-S, Cheung K-c, et al. (2020) Predictors of academic efficacy and dropout intention in university students: Can engagement suppress burnout? PLoS ONE 15(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239816
• Matta, C. M. B., Lebrão, S. M. G., & Heleno, M. G. V. (2017). Adaptação, rendimento, evasão e vivências acadêmicas no ensino superior: revisão da literatura. Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 21(3), 583–591. doi:10.1590/2175-353920170213111118
• Maydell-Stevens, E., Masgoret, A. & Ward, T. (2007). Problems Of Psychological And Sociocultural Adaptation Among Russian-Speaking Immigrants in New Zealand. Social Policy Journal Social Policy Journal of New Zealand: te puna whakaaro, 30, 178-198. Fhdl.handle.net%2F10536%2FDRO%2FDU%3A30034195
• Miteva, D., Georgiadis, F., McBroom, L., Noboa, V., Quednow, B. B., Seifritz, E., Vetter, S., & Egger, S. T. (2022). Impact of language proficiency on mental health service use, treatment and outcomes: "Lost in Translation". Comprehensive Psychiatry, 114, 152299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152299
• OASH. (2023). Healthy People 2030. OASH. https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health/literature-summaries/language-and-literacy
• Okolie, S. O. & Manyeruke, G. (2024). The impact of discrimination on the psychological well-being and ethnic identity of international students in North Cyprus. Environment and Social Psychology, 9(5): 2247. doi: 10.54517/esp.v9i5.2247
• Oliveira, C. T., Wiles, J. M., Fiorin, P. C., & Dias, A. C. G. (2014). Percepções de estudantes universitários sobre a relação professor-aluno. Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 18(2), 239–246. doi:10.1590/2175-3539/2014/0182739
• Silva, G. O., Aredes, N. D. A., & Galdino-Júnior, H. (2021). Academic performance, adaptation and mental health of nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Nurse education in practice, 55, 103145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103145
• Pathak, R. R. (2013). Sample size: from formulae to concepts: II. International Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology,2(1), 94-95. doi: 10.5455/2319-2003.ijbcp20130119
• Qin, X. (2019) Common Factors of Mental Health Challenges Among International Students. In P. Burak, Addressing Mental Health Issues Affecting International Students. NAFSA. https://www.nafsa.org/sites/default/files/media/document/addressing-mental-health-chapter-1.pdf
• Sheng, L., Dia, J. & Lei, J. (2022). The impacts of academic adaptation on psychological and sociocultural adaptation among international students in China: The moderating role of friendship. International journal of intercultural relations, 89, 79-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.06.001
• Skromanis, S., Cooling, N., Rodgers, B., Purton, T., Fan, F., Bridgman, H., Harris, K., Presser, J., & Mond, J. (2018). Health and Well-Being of International University Students, and Comparison with Domestic Students, in Tasmania, Australia. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(6), 1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061147
• Souza, A. P. de, Murgo, C. S., & Barros, L. de O. (2021). Academic adaptation in university students: Associations with stress and sleep quality. Psicologia: Teoria e Prática, 23(3), 1–21. doi:10.5935/1980-6906/ePTPPA13275 Stallman, H. M. (2010). Psychological distress in university students: A comparison with the general population. Australian Psychologist, 45(4), 249-257. DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2010.482109
• Volkova, N. V., & Kolesov, A. A. (2022). Adaptation Challenges of Domestic and International Students in a Russian English-Medium Instruction University. Journal of international students, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v12i2.3594
• WHO (2023). Turkiye, Supporting Turkish mental health policy and service delivery. WHO https://www.who.int/about/accountability/results/who-results-report-2020-mtr/country-story/2020/supporting-turkish-mental-health-policy-and-service-delivery#:~:text=In%20the%20last%20years%2C%20the,downturn%20and%20COVID%2D19%20pandemic Wu, H., Garza, E. & Guzman, N. (2015). International Student’s Challenge and Adjustment to College. Education Research International. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/202753
• Xie L, Zou W and Wang H (2022) School adaptation and adolescent immigrant mental health: Mediation of positive academic emotions and conduct problems. Front. Public Health 10, 967691. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.967691
• Yerken, A., & Nguyen Luu, L. A. (2022). A stepping stone to the “West”: Academic adaptation of international students from post-Soviet countries in Hungary. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 89,183–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJINTREL.2022.06.005
• Yusoff, Y. M. & Chelliah, S. (2010). Adjustment in International Students in Malaysian Public University. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 1(3).

Uluslararası öğrenciler arasında sosyal ve psikolojik uyumun araştırılması: İyi oluşu etkileyen faktörler üzerine bir çalışma.

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 105 – 115, 27.06.2024

Glorıa Manyeruke , Ebru Tansel

https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.24.2.01

Öz

Uluslararası öğrencilerin sayısı küresel olarak arttıkça, uluslararası öğrencilerin yaşadığı zorluklar da giderek daha fazla ilgi çekmektedir. Bu çalışma, Kuzey Kıbrıs’taki uluslararası öğrencilerin akademik, sosyokültürel ve psikolojik uyumlarını ve iyi oluşunu araştırmaktadır. Kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak 524 öğrenciden oluşan örneklem seçilmiştir. Örneklem yerel öğrencilerden, Türkiye’den ve diğer ülkelerden gelen uluslararası öğrencilerden oluşmuştur. Çalışma, akademik uyum ve eğitim dilindeki yeterliliğin psikopatolojinin önemli yordayıcıları olduğunu ortaya çıkardı. Bu, uluslararası üniversite öğrencilerinin göç için birincil hedef olarak akademik başarıya verdikleri değeri vurgulamaktadır. Psikopatoloji ve akademik uyum birbiriyle ikili nedensel bir ilişkiye sahiptir. Sonuçlar etnik kökenin zihinsel sağlık sonuçlarıyla bağlantılı olduğunu göstermektedir. Türkiye’den gelen öğrenciler diğer ülkelerden gelen uluslararası öğrencilere göre daha yüksek psikopatoloji puanları bildirdiler. Araştırma, daha iyi adaptasyonu öngören çeşitli faktörleri ortaya koymuştur. Bütünleştirici kültürleşme yönelimi ve daha yüksek algılanan mali durum, sosyokültürel uyumu arttırmaktadır. Yüksek ev kültürü yönelimi, zayıf psikolojik uyumun yordayıcısıdır. Araştırma, yerel ve uluslararası öğrencilerin yükseköğretimdeki farklı uyum zorluklarıyla başa çıkabilmeleri için kültüre duyarlı psikolojik desteğin erişilebilir hale getirilmesi gerektiğini önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kültürleşme, uyum, uluslararası öğrenciler, psikopatoloji, kültürel mesafe.

Kaynakça

• ADRC (2019). Information on Disaster Risk Reduction of the Member Countries. https://www.adrc.asia/nationinformation.php?NationCode=792&Lang=en&NationNum=39
• Anderson, J. R., Guan, Y., & Koc, Y. (2016). The academic adjustment scale: Measuring the adjustment of permanent resident or sojourner students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 54, 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJINTREL.2016.07.006
• Berry, J. W., Kim, U., Minde, T., & Mok, D. (1987). Comparative Studies of Acculturative Stress. The International Migration Review, 21(3), 491–511. https://doi.org/10.2307/2546607
• Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46(1), 5–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01087.x
• Bethel, A., Ward, C. & Fetvadjiev, V. H. (2020) Cross-Cultural Transition and Psychological Adaptation of International Students: The Mediating Role of Host National Connectedness. Front. Educ. 5, 539950. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2020.539950
• Brunsting, N. C., Zachry, C., & Takeuchi, R. (2018). Predictors of undergraduate international student psychosocial adjustment to US universities: A systematic review from 2009-2018. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 66, 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJINTREL.2018.06.002
• Buckelew, S., Burk, J., Brownlee-Duffeck, M., Frank, R., & DeGood, D. (1988). Cognitive and somatic aspects of depression among a rehabilitation sample: Reliability and validity of SCL-90-R research subscales. Rehabilitation Psychology, 33(2), 67–75. doi:10.1037/h0091679
• Bulut, A. (2023). The Relationship between Natural Disasters and Mental Health, Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology, 5(3), 265-273.
• Çakıcı Eş, A., Öneri Uzun, G. & Güldal Kan, Ş. (2020). Investigation of Loneliness and Anxiety Processes of University Students. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology, 2(2): 68-74. doi:10.35365/ctjpp.20.02.10
• Çakıcı, M., Gökçe, Ö., Babayiğit, A., Çakıcı, E., & Eş, A. (2017). Depression: point-prevalence and risk factors in a North Cyprus household adult cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 387. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1548-z
• Campbell, F., Blank, L., Cantrell, A., Baxter, S., Blackmore, C., Dixon, J., & Goyder, E. (2022). Factors that influence mental health of university and college students in the UK: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1778. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13943-x
• Chang, T. E., Weiss, A. P., Marques, L., Baer, L., Vogeli, C., Trinh, H. T., Clain, A. J., Blais, M. A., Fava, M., & Yeung, A. S. (2014). Race/ethnicity and other social determinants of psychological well-being and functioning in mental health clinics. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 25(3), 1418–1431. https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2014.0138
• Chen, J. H., Li, Y., Wu, A. M. S., & Tong, K. K. (2020). The overlooked minority: Mental health of International students worldwide under the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102333
• Chiu, M., Amartey, A., Wang, X., & Kurdyak, P. (2018). Ethnic Differences in Mental Health Status and Service Utilization: A Population-Based Study in Ontario, Canada. Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 63(7), 481–491. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743717741061
• Choudaha, R. & Van Rest, E. (2018). Megatrends shaping the future of global higher education and international student mobility. Study Portals. chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.studyportals.com/wp-ontent/uploads/2018/01/Report-Envisioning-Pathways-to-2030-Studyportals-2018.pdf Dag, I. (1991). Reliability and validity of the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) for university students. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2, 5-12
• de Lucena, M. S., Hoersting, R. C., & Modesto, J. G. (2020). The sociocultural and psychological adaptation of Syrian refugees in Brazil. PSICO, 51(3), 1–12.
• Demes, K. A., & Geeraert, N. (2014). Measures matter: Scales for adaptation, cultural distance, and acculturation orientation revisited. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,45(1),91–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022113487590
• Derogatis, L. R., & Unger, R. (2010). Symptom checklist-90-revised. The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1–2. doi: 10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0970
• Drobnič, S. (2014). Comparative Analysis. In: Michalos, A.C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_492
• Ergün, D. & Şenyüz, S. (2022) Prolonged grief disorder among bereaved survivors after the 2011 Van Earthquake in Turkey. Death Studies, 46(6), 1364371, DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1884624
• Feng, X., Astell-Burt, T., & Kolt, G. S. (2013). Do social interactions explain ethnic differences in psychological distress and the protective effect of local ethnic density? A cross-sectional study of 226 487 adults in Australia. BMJ open, 3(5), e002713. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002713
• Forbes-Mewett, H. & Sawyer, A. (2016). International Students and Mental Health. Journal Of international students,6(3),661-677. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v6i3.348
• Galchenko, I., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2007). The role of perceived cultural distance in the acculturation of exchange students in Russia. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 31(2), 181–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2006.03.004
• Gökbulut, B., Yeniasır, M. & Karabacak, H. E. (2019). Opinions and Expectations of Turkish and Foreign National Students Studying at Northern Cyprus Universities Concerning Multicultural and Inclusive/Integrated Education Settings. Education Sciences, 9(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9010009
• Hussain, M. & Shen, H. (2019). A Study on Academic Adaptation of International Students in China. Higher Education Studies, 9(4), 80-91. DOI: 10.5539/hes.v9n4p80
• Kodish, T., Lau, A. S., Gong-Guy, E., Congdon, E., Arnaudova, I., Schmidt, M., Shoemaker, L., & Craske, M. G. (2022). Enhancing Racial/Ethnic Equity in College Student Mental Health Through Innovative Screening and Treatment. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 49(2), 267–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-021-01163-1
• Kornienko, A. A., Shamrova, D. P., Kvesko, S. B., Kornienko, A. A., Nikitina, Y. A., & Chaplinskaya, Y. I. (2017). Adjustment and Adaptation Problems Experienced by International Students in Aspect of Quality Management. In F. Casati, G. A. Barysheva, & W. Krieger (Eds.), Lifelong wellbeing in the world-Wellso-2016 (pp. 359-361). Future Academy. DOI: 10.15405/epsbs.2017.01.48
• Ladum, A., & Burkholder, G. (2019). Psychological Adaptation of International Students in the Northern Part of Cyprus. Higher Learning Research Communications, 9 (1). DOI: 10.18870/hlrc.v9i1.436
• Marôco J, Assunção H, Harju-Luukkainen H, Lin S-W, Sit P-S, Cheung K-c, et al. (2020) Predictors of academic efficacy and dropout intention in university students: Can engagement suppress burnout? PLoS ONE 15(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239816
• Matta, C. M. B., Lebrão, S. M. G., & Heleno, M. G. V. (2017). Adaptação, rendimento, evasão e vivências acadêmicas no ensino superior: revisão da literatura. Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 21(3), 583–591. doi:10.1590/2175-353920170213111118
• Maydell-Stevens, E., Masgoret, A. & Ward, T. (2007). Problems Of Psychological And Sociocultural Adaptation Among Russian-Speaking Immigrants in New Zealand. Social Policy Journal Social Policy Journal of New Zealand: te puna whakaaro, 30, 178-198. Fhdl.handle.net%2F10536%2FDRO%2FDU%3A30034195
• Miteva, D., Georgiadis, F., McBroom, L., Noboa, V., Quednow, B. B., Seifritz, E., Vetter, S., & Egger, S. T. (2022). Impact of language proficiency on mental health service use, treatment and outcomes: "Lost in Translation". Comprehensive Psychiatry, 114, 152299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152299
• OASH. (2023). Healthy People 2030. OASH. https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health/literature-summaries/language-and-literacy
• Okolie, S. O. & Manyeruke, G. (2024). The impact of discrimination on the psychological well-being and ethnic identity of international students in North Cyprus. Environment and Social Psychology, 9(5): 2247. doi: 10.54517/esp.v9i5.2247
• Oliveira, C. T., Wiles, J. M., Fiorin, P. C., & Dias, A. C. G. (2014). Percepções de estudantes universitários sobre a relação professor-aluno. Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 18(2), 239–246. doi:10.1590/2175-3539/2014/0182739
• Silva, G. O., Aredes, N. D. A., & Galdino-Júnior, H. (2021). Academic performance, adaptation and mental health of nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Nurse education in practice, 55, 103145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103145
• Pathak, R. R. (2013). Sample size: from formulae to concepts: II. International Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology,2(1), 94-95. doi: 10.5455/2319-2003.ijbcp20130119
• Qin, X. (2019) Common Factors of Mental Health Challenges Among International Students. In P. Burak, Addressing Mental Health Issues Affecting International Students. NAFSA. https://www.nafsa.org/sites/default/files/media/document/addressing-mental-health-chapter-1.pdf
• Sheng, L., Dia, J. & Lei, J. (2022). The impacts of academic adaptation on psychological and sociocultural adaptation among international students in China: The moderating role of friendship. International journal of intercultural relations, 89, 79-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.06.001
• Skromanis, S., Cooling, N., Rodgers, B., Purton, T., Fan, F., Bridgman, H., Harris, K., Presser, J., & Mond, J. (2018). Health and Well-Being of International University Students, and Comparison with Domestic Students, in Tasmania, Australia. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(6), 1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061147
• Souza, A. P. de, Murgo, C. S., & Barros, L. de O. (2021). Academic adaptation in university students: Associations with stress and sleep quality. Psicologia: Teoria e Prática, 23(3), 1–21. doi:10.5935/1980-6906/ePTPPA13275 Stallman, H. M. (2010). Psychological distress in university students: A comparison with the general population. Australian Psychologist, 45(4), 249-257. DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2010.482109
• Volkova, N. V., & Kolesov, A. A. (2022). Adaptation Challenges of Domestic and International Students in a Russian English-Medium Instruction University. Journal of international students, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v12i2.3594
• WHO (2023). Turkiye, Supporting Turkish mental health policy and service delivery. WHO https://www.who.int/about/accountability/results/who-results-report-2020-mtr/country-story/2020/supporting-turkish-mental-health-policy-and-service-delivery#:~:text=In%20the%20last%20years%2C%20the,downturn%20and%20COVID%2D19%20pandemic Wu, H., Garza, E. & Guzman, N. (2015). International Student’s Challenge and Adjustment to College. Education Research International. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/202753
• Xie L, Zou W and Wang H (2022) School adaptation and adolescent immigrant mental health: Mediation of positive academic emotions and conduct problems. Front. Public Health 10, 967691. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.967691
• Yerken, A., & Nguyen Luu, L. A. (2022). A stepping stone to the “West”: Academic adaptation of international students from post-Soviet countries in Hungary. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 89,183–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJINTREL.2022.06.005
• Yusoff, Y. M. & Chelliah, S. (2010). Adjustment in International Students in Malaysian Public University. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 1(3).

Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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