Gıda Atığı Kompostu ile Kimyasal Gübre Uygulamasının Marul ve Ispanak Yetiştirilen Vertisol Grubu Toprakların Verimliliğine Etkileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 396 – 408, 30.04.2024

Serhat Gürel

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1433803

Öz

Gıda atığı kompostunun (GAK) kimyasal gübreyle beraber ve ayrı uygulanmasının toprak verimliliği üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre sera koşullarında, 2 kimyasal gübre uygulaması (kimyasal gübreli ve gübresiz), 1 kompost materyali (gıda atığı kompostu), 4 farklı doz (0, 8, 16, 24, 32 gr kg-1) ve 3 tekerrürlü olacak şekilde yürütülmüştür. Kimyasal gübre olarak 15 kg saf azot (N) da-1 için 15-15-15 NPK (N:P2O5:K2O) gübresi 2 t da-1 olacak şekilde uygulanmıştır. Genel olarak, GAK uygulamaları toprakların verimlilik parametrelerini ve bitki besin elementi içeriklerini artırmıştır. Hem marul hem de ıspanak deneme sonuçlarının ortalamaları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde; toprağın elektriksel iletkenliğini (EC) %57.21, organik maddeyi (OM) % 61.23, toplam N’yi %48.35 oranında artırdığı ve toprak reaksiyonunu (pH) %3.29 oranında düşürdüğü belirlenmiştir. Toprağa GAK + NPK eklendiğinde ise, toprağın EC’sini %76.85, OM’yi % 72.35, toplam N’yi %56.25 ve alınabilir çinkoyu (Zn) % 29.19 oranında artırdığı, toprak pH’ını da % 4.66 oranında azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlardan farklı olarak; GAK tek başına uygulandığında marul bitkisinin bulunduğu topraklarda alınabilir fosfordaki (P) artış % 67.63, GAK+NPK uygulamasında artışı % 47.14 gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu parametrelerin en yüksek değerleri GAK ilavesinin 32 g kg-1 dozunda elde edilmiştir. GAK’nin toprağa uygulanması, toprağın pH’ını düşürmüş ve EC’yi arttırmıştır. GAK uygulamasıyla birlikte toprağın OM içeriği olmak üzere toplam N, ve yarayışlı P ile Zn, bakır (Cu) ve mangan (Mn) gibi bazı mikro element içeriğinde artış görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kompost, gıda atığı, vertisol, toprak verimliliği, marul, ıspanak

Etik Beyan

Gıda Atığı Kompostu ile Kimyasal Gübre Uygulamasının Marul ve Ispanak Yetiştirilen Vertisol Grubu Toprakların Verimliliğine Etkileri isimli araştırma, hayvan deneyleri, anket, mülakat, odak grup çalışması vb. çalışmaları içermediği için Etik kurul Onayı gerekmemektedir

Destekleyen Kurum

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Fonu

Proje Numarası

FHIZ-2022/835

Teşekkür

Araştırma Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Fonu tarafından desteklenmiştir. Yardım ve desteğinden ötürü birimimize teşekkür ederim.

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Effects of Food Waste Compost and Chemical Fertilizer Application on the Fertility of Vertisol Group Soils Growing Lettuce and Spinach

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 396 – 408, 30.04.2024

Serhat Gürel

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1433803

Öz

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of applying food waste compost (FWC) on soil fertility. The experiment was carried out according to the random plot design in greenhouse conditions, with 2 chemical fertilizer applications (with and without chemical fertilizer), 1 compost material, 5 different doses (0, 8, 16, 24, 32 g kg-1) and 3 replications was carried out in such a way that. As chemical fertilizer, 15-15-15 NPK (N:P2O5:K2O) fertilizer was applied at 2 t da-1. In general, applications increased the fertility parameters and plant nutrient contents of soils. When the averages of both lettuce and spinach trial results are evaluated together; It was determined that it increased the EC of the soil by 57.21%, OM by 61.23%, total N by 48.35% and decreased pH by 3.29%. It was determined that when FWC + NPK was added to the soil, it increased the soil EC by 76.85%, OM by 72.35%, total N by 56.25% and available Zn by 29.19%, and decreased pH by 4.66%. Unlike these results; When FWC was applied alone, the increase in available P in the soil where lettuce plants were located was 67.63%, and in GAK + NPK application, the increase was 47.14%. The highest values of these parameters were obtained at the dose of 32 g kg-1 of FWC supplementation. Application of FWC to soil decreased soil pH and increased EC.

Anahtar Kelimeler

compost, food waste, vertisols, soil fertility, lettuce, spinach

Proje Numarası

FHIZ-2022/835

Kaynakça

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  • Tümsavaş, Z. 2003. Bursa ili vertisol büyük toprak grubu topraklarının verimlilik durumlarının toprak analizleriyle belirlenmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2): 9-21. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/153982
  • USDA. 2013. U.S. dept. of agriculture soil taxonomy. Accessed November 14, 2013. Erişim adresi: http://www.soils.usda.gov/tecnical/ classification/osd/index.html
  • Voběrková, S., Maxianová, A., Schlosserová, N., Adamcová, D., Vršanská, M., Richtera, L., Gagić, M., Zloch, J., ve Vaverková, M. D. 2020. Food waste composting – Is it really so simple as stated in scientific literature? – A case study. Science of the Total Environment, 723 (1):1-14. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138202
  • Voelklein, M.A., O’Shea, R., Jakob, A., Murphy, J.D. 2017. Role of trace elements in single and two-stage digestion of food waste at high organic loading rates. Energy, 121(1): 185-192, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.009
  • Walkley, A., ve Black, L. A. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soils organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37:29–38.
  • Waqas, M., Nizami, A.S., Aburiazaiza, A.S., Barakat, M.A., Rashid, M.I., Ismail, I.M.I. 2018. Optimization of food waste compost with the use of biochar. Journal of Environmental Management, 216(1): 70-81; doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.015
  • Xu, F., Li, Y., Ge, X., Yang, L., Li, Y. 2018. Anaerobic digestion of food waste – Challenges and opportunities. Bioresource Technology, 247 (1) :1047-1058, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.020
  • Yağmur, B., ve Okur, B. 2018. Bazı Doğal Toprak Düzenleyicilerin Mısır (Zea Mays L.) Bitkisinin Verim Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri. Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 55(4): 471-477. Doi: 10.20289/zfdergi.419225
  • Yang, F., Li, Y., Han, Y., Qian, W., Li, G., Lua, W. 2019. Performance of mature compost to control gaseous emissions in kitchen waste composting. Science of the Total Environment, 657(1): 262-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.030
  • Zhang, L., Lee, Y.W., Jahng, G. 2011. Anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and piggery wastewater: Focusing on the role of trace elements. Bioresource Technology, 102(8): 5048-5059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.082
  • Zhang, R., El-Mashad, H.M., Hartman, K., Wang, F., Liu, G., Choate, C., Gamble, P. 2007. Characterization of food waste as feedstock for anaerobic digestion. Bioresource Technology, 98(4): 929-935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.039

Toplam 90 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Bitki Besleme ve Toprak Verimliliği
BölümAraştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Serhat Gürel Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi 0000-0002-2971-8353 Türkiye

Proje NumarasıFHIZ-2022/835
Erken Görünüm Tarihi30 Nisan 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi30 Nisan 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi8 Şubat 2024
Kabul Tarihi25 Mart 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APAGürel, S. (2024). Gıda Atığı Kompostu ile Kimyasal Gübre Uygulamasının Marul ve Ispanak Yetiştirilen Vertisol Grubu Toprakların Verimliliğine Etkileri. Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 396-408. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1433803

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