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Tarımsal Verimlilik ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Tespiti: BRICS-T Ülkeleri Örneği Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 524 – 535, 30.04.2024
Gökçen Aydınbaş
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1401633 Cited By: 1
Öz Thanks to its economic and social impacts, agriculture is one of the pillars of a country’s economy. The agricultural sector supplies raw materials to many sectors and enables the creation of more value-added products. In addition, the agricultural sector maintains its importance by continuing to feed the cities in terms of food and various raw materials despite the loss of population in rural areas where agricultural activities are carried out over time, increasing the productivity of countries in agricultural areas and its place in foreign trade. Agriculture 4.0 (smart agriculture), on the other hand, offers economic contributions in terms of minimizing labor power and production input costs, producing high quality and quantity products and increasing the income from farms in return for this production. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors associated with agricultural productivity in the context of smart agriculture (Agriculture 4.0) in BRICS-T countries. Panel data analysis method was used in the study. The unique value of this study lies in the econometric analysis of the factors associated with agricultural productivity within the scope of Agriculture 4.0 for the relevant year range and country group.According to the results of Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Causality Test, a unidirectional causality relationship was found between agricultural productivity index (API) and urbanization rate (URR), and a bidirectional causality relationship between human capital index (HCI) and API. Consequently, agricultural development and urbanisation policies should also focus on human capital development. This may be beneficial for countries in increasing agricultural productivity and overall welfare.
Anahtar Kelimeler Agriculture 4.0, Agricultural Productivity, Agricultural Employment, Panel Data Analysis
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Panel Data Analysis of Value-Added Agriculture Determinants. Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences, 21(1): 213-232. Fedotova, G. V., Larionova, I. S., Maramygin, M. S., Sigidov, Yu I., & Bolaev, B. K., Kulikova, N. N. (2020). Agriculture 4.0. as a New Vector Towards Increasing the Food Security in Russia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 677, IV International Scientific Conference: AGRITECH-IV-2020: Agribusiness, Environmental Engineering and Biotechnologies (18-20, November, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation) doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/677/3/032016 Güneş, M., 2023. Güney Afrika ve Türkiye’nin tarım yönünden karşılaştırılması. https://www.afrikacalismalarimerkezi.com/guney-afrika-ve-turkiyenin-tarim-yonunden-karsilastirilmasi/ (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) IBEF, 2023. Agriculture 4.0: Future of Indian Agriculture. https://www.ibef.org/agriculture-4-0-future-of-indian-agriculture (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Invest in Turkey. 2021. Turkish agri-food industry outlook. https://www.invest.gov.tr/tr/sectors/sayfalar/agrofood.aspx (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) İTTM, 2019. Türk tarımının global entegrasyonu ve Tarım 4.0. https://itb.org.tr/dosya/akillitarimrapor/proje-sonuc-raporu.pdf?1553592263 (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Jiang, Q., Jizhi, L., Hongyun, S. and Yangyue, S. (2022). The Impact of The Digital Economy on Agricultural Green Development: Evidence from China. Agriculture, 12(8), 1107. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081107 Kaya, M. (2019). Smart farming (Agriculture 4.0) Proposal for the Development of Ağrı. Akademik Bakış Dergisi, (75), 130-156. Koç, A. A., Bayaner, A., Uysal, P., & Subaşı, S. 2016. Factor Demand and Total Factor Productivity in Turkish Agriculture. VII. Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi (25-27 Mayıs, Isparta), 859-869 ss. Kurt, C. A., 2023. Hindistan Blockchain’i tarım verimini desteklemek için kullanacak. https://tr.cointelegraph.com/news/blockchain-to-support-agricultural-exports-to-be-used Mendes, V., & Viola, E. (2023). Green digitalization? Agriculture 4.0 and the Challenges of Environmental Governance in Brazil. In: Søndergaard, N., de Sá, C. D., Barros-Platiau, A. F. (eds) “Sustainability Challenges of Brazilian Agriculture”. Environment & Policy, 64, Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29853-0_11 Nadezhda V. O., & Dmitry V. N. (2022). Russian Agricultural Innovations Prospects in the Context of Global Challenges: Agriculture 4.0. Russian Journal of Economics, ARPHA Platform, 8(1), 29-48. Oğul, B. (2022). Tarımsal Destekler ve Tarımsal Üretim İlişkisi: Türkiye Ekonomisi Üzerine Ampirik Bulgular. Tarım Ekonomisi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(1), 44-56. Pakdemirli, B., (2019). R&D Expenditures and Growth: An Empirical Analysis on Agricultural Sector of Turkey. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6(3), 342-348. doi: 10.19159/tutad.626298 Peng, J, Zhao, Z., & Liu, D. (2022). Impact of Agricultural Mechanizationon Agricultural Production, Income, and Mechanism: Evidence From Hubei Province, China. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.838686 Pesaran, H. M. (2007). A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in the Presence of Cross-Section Dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22(2), 265-312. Pesaran, M. H., & Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), 50-93. Soyyiğit, S., & Akyol, M. (2021). The Impact of Public R&D Supports on the Increase of Agricultural Productivity: The Case of the EU Member Transition Economies. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 8(1), 30-42. doi: 10.30910/turkjans.726440 Subaşı, O., & Ören, M. (2013). The Relationship between Agricultural Research Expenditures and Agricultural Growth in Turkey. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 26(2), 99-104. Sun, L., Zhu, D., & Chen, A. (2023). Research on the Relationship Between Agricultural Mechanisation and Economic Development Based on Big Data Analysis. In book: Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Bigdata Blockchain and Economy Management (ICBBEM) (pp.712-720). doi:10.2991/978-94-6463-030-5_71 Süt, A. T. (2021). Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Kentleşmenin Tarımsal Verimlilik Üzerindeki Etkisi. International Eurasian Economic Conference (Ağustos 2021, İstanbul), 493-499 ss. https://avekon.org/papers/2504.pdf Şahin Ulucan, A., 2020. Tarım makineleri ihracatında rekor. http://turktarim.gov.tr/Haber/403/tarim-makineleri-ihracatinda-rekor (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Tandoğan, N. Ş. (2022). How Effective is Agricultural Mechanization on Agricultural Production? A Panel Data Analysis. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Economics (TJAE), 28(1), 13-20. doi: 10.24181/tarekoder.1013081 T.C. Moskova Büyükelçiliği Ticaret Müşavirliği, 2022. Rusya Federasyonu tarım alet ve makineleri raporu. https://ticaret.gov.tr/data/5bcc5d4813b876034cfece26/Rusya%20Tar%C4%B1m%20Alet%20ve%20Makinalar%C4%B1%20Raporu%202022.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, 2020. https://Arastirma.Tarimorman.Gov.Tr/Koyunculuk/Menu/76/Tarim-4-0. (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) T.C. Yatırım Ofisi, 2023. Makine. https://www.invest.gov.tr/tr/sectors/Sayfalar/machinery.aspx (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Thomala, L., 2020. Number of internet users in China from 2017 to 2023. Statista. Xiaoming, G., Sen, H., & Yu, W. (2020). Influence of Agricultural Mechanization Development on Agricultural Green Transformation in Western China, Based on the ML Index and Spatial Panel Model. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2020, 1-17. doi: 10.1155/2020/6351802 USDA, Economic Research Service, 2021, https://www.ers.usda.gov/ (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Viola, E., & Mendes, V. (2022). Agriculture 4.0 and Climate Change in Brazil. Ambiente & Sociedade, 25(1), 1-23. Yavuz, M. S., Bozkurt G., Kayacan, M., & Çelik, E. İ. (2022). The Relationship Between Alternative Financial Assets and Stock Markets: BRICS-T Example. The Academic Elegance, 9(19), 393-413. Yücel, M. H., & Çalışkan, Z. (2020). The Impact of Agricultural Productivity and Mechanization on Agricultural Employment: Turkey Case. Ekonomik Yaklaşım Dergisi, 31(117), 525-553. Westerlund, J. (2008). Panel Cointegration Tests of The Fisher Effect, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 23, 193-233.
Tarımsal Verimlilik ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Tespiti: BRICS-T Ülkeleri Örneği Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 524 – 535, 30.04.2024
Gökçen Aydınbaş
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1401633 Cited By: 1
Öz Ekonomik ve sosyal etkileri sayesinde tarım, bir ülke ekonomisinin temelini oluşturan unsurlardandır. Tarım sektörü birçok sektöre hammadde tedarik etmekte ve daha fazla katma değerli ürün ortaya çıkmasını sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca tarım sektörü, tarımsal faaliyetlerin yapıldığı kırsal alanlarda zamanla ortaya çıkan nüfus kaybına rağmen kentleri gıda ve çeşitli hammaddeler açısından beslemeyi sürdürmesi, ülkelerin tarımsal alanlarda verimliliğini arttırıcı etkisi ve dış ticaretteki yeri ile önemini korumaktadır. Tarım 4.0 (akıllı tarım) ise emek gücü ile üretim girdi maliyetlerini minimize ederek yüksek kaliteli, miktarlı ürün üretimi ve bu üretim karşılığında çiftliklerden temin edilen gelirlerin arttırılması noktasında ekonomik katkılar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, BRICS-T ülkelerinde akıllı tarım (Tarım 4.0) bağlamında tarımsal verimlilik ile ilişkili faktörlerin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada panel veri analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın özgün değeri, ilgili yıl aralığı ve ülke grubu için Tarım 4.0 kapsamında tarımsal verimlilik ile ilişkilendirilen faktörlerin ekonometrik bir yöntem ile incelenmesi noktasında ortaya çıkmaktadır. Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Nedensellik Test sonuçlarına göre, tarımsal verimlilik endeksinden (TVE) kentleşme oranına (KNT) doğru tek yönlü; beşeri sermaye endeksi (BS) ile TVE arasında ise çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tarımsal kalkınma ve kentleşme politikaları kapsamında beşeri sermayenin geliştirilmesine de odaklanılması gerekmektedir. Bu durum, tarımsal üretkenliği ve genel refahı artırmada ülkeler için faydalı olabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Tarım 4.0, Tarımsal Verimlilik, Tarımsal İstihdam, Panel Veri Analizi
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Göller Bölgesi Aylık Ekonomi ve Kültür Dergisi Ayrıntı, 9(105), Aralık 2021. https://www.dergiayrinti.com/index.php/ayr/article/view/1607 (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Chandio, A. A., Jiang, Y., Rehman, A. and Rauf, A. (2020). Short and Long-Run Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture: An Empirical Evidence from China. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 12: 201-221. DEİK, 2013. Güney Afrika ülke bülteni. www.deik.org.tr › uploads › guney-afrika-ulke-bulteni-2013 (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Dumitrescu, E. I., & Hurlin, C. (2012). Testing for granger noncausality in heterogeneous panels. Economic Modelling, 29(4), 1450-1460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2012.02.014 Dünya Bankası, 2021, https://www.worldbank.org/tr/country/turkey Ercan, Ş., Öztep, R., Güler, D., & Saner, G. (2019). Tarım 4.0 ve Türkiye'de uygulanabilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi, 25(2),259-265. Erdinç, Z., & Aydınbaş, G. (2021). Panel Data Analysis of Value-Added Agriculture Determinants. Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences, 21(1): 213-232. Fedotova, G. V., Larionova, I. S., Maramygin, M. S., Sigidov, Yu I., & Bolaev, B. K., Kulikova, N. N. (2020). Agriculture 4.0. as a New Vector Towards Increasing the Food Security in Russia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 677, IV International Scientific Conference: AGRITECH-IV-2020: Agribusiness, Environmental Engineering and Biotechnologies (18-20, November, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation) doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/677/3/032016 Güneş, M., 2023. Güney Afrika ve Türkiye’nin tarım yönünden karşılaştırılması. https://www.afrikacalismalarimerkezi.com/guney-afrika-ve-turkiyenin-tarim-yonunden-karsilastirilmasi/ (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) IBEF, 2023. Agriculture 4.0: Future of Indian Agriculture. https://www.ibef.org/agriculture-4-0-future-of-indian-agriculture (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Invest in Turkey. 2021. Turkish agri-food industry outlook. https://www.invest.gov.tr/tr/sectors/sayfalar/agrofood.aspx (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) İTTM, 2019. Türk tarımının global entegrasyonu ve Tarım 4.0. https://itb.org.tr/dosya/akillitarimrapor/proje-sonuc-raporu.pdf?1553592263 (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Jiang, Q., Jizhi, L., Hongyun, S. and Yangyue, S. (2022). The Impact of The Digital Economy on Agricultural Green Development: Evidence from China. Agriculture, 12(8), 1107. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081107 Kaya, M. (2019). Smart farming (Agriculture 4.0) Proposal for the Development of Ağrı. Akademik Bakış Dergisi, (75), 130-156. Koç, A. A., Bayaner, A., Uysal, P., & Subaşı, S. 2016. Factor Demand and Total Factor Productivity in Turkish Agriculture. VII. Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi (25-27 Mayıs, Isparta), 859-869 ss. Kurt, C. A., 2023. Hindistan Blockchain’i tarım verimini desteklemek için kullanacak. https://tr.cointelegraph.com/news/blockchain-to-support-agricultural-exports-to-be-used Mendes, V., & Viola, E. (2023). Green digitalization? Agriculture 4.0 and the Challenges of Environmental Governance in Brazil. In: Søndergaard, N., de Sá, C. D., Barros-Platiau, A. F. (eds) “Sustainability Challenges of Brazilian Agriculture”. Environment & Policy, 64, Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29853-0_11 Nadezhda V. O., & Dmitry V. N. (2022). Russian Agricultural Innovations Prospects in the Context of Global Challenges: Agriculture 4.0. Russian Journal of Economics, ARPHA Platform, 8(1), 29-48. Oğul, B. (2022). Tarımsal Destekler ve Tarımsal Üretim İlişkisi: Türkiye Ekonomisi Üzerine Ampirik Bulgular. Tarım Ekonomisi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(1), 44-56. Pakdemirli, B., (2019). R&D Expenditures and Growth: An Empirical Analysis on Agricultural Sector of Turkey. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6(3), 342-348. doi: 10.19159/tutad.626298 Peng, J, Zhao, Z., & Liu, D. (2022). Impact of Agricultural Mechanizationon Agricultural Production, Income, and Mechanism: Evidence From Hubei Province, China. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.838686 Pesaran, H. M. (2007). A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in the Presence of Cross-Section Dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22(2), 265-312. Pesaran, M. H., & Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), 50-93. Soyyiğit, S., & Akyol, M. (2021). The Impact of Public R&D Supports on the Increase of Agricultural Productivity: The Case of the EU Member Transition Economies. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 8(1), 30-42. doi: 10.30910/turkjans.726440 Subaşı, O., & Ören, M. (2013). The Relationship between Agricultural Research Expenditures and Agricultural Growth in Turkey. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 26(2), 99-104. Sun, L., Zhu, D., & Chen, A. (2023). Research on the Relationship Between Agricultural Mechanisation and Economic Development Based on Big Data Analysis. In book: Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Bigdata Blockchain and Economy Management (ICBBEM) (pp.712-720). doi:10.2991/978-94-6463-030-5_71 Süt, A. T. (2021). Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Kentleşmenin Tarımsal Verimlilik Üzerindeki Etkisi. International Eurasian Economic Conference (Ağustos 2021, İstanbul), 493-499 ss. https://avekon.org/papers/2504.pdf Şahin Ulucan, A., 2020. Tarım makineleri ihracatında rekor. http://turktarim.gov.tr/Haber/403/tarim-makineleri-ihracatinda-rekor (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Tandoğan, N. Ş. (2022). How Effective is Agricultural Mechanization on Agricultural Production? A Panel Data Analysis. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Economics (TJAE), 28(1), 13-20. doi: 10.24181/tarekoder.1013081 T.C. Moskova Büyükelçiliği Ticaret Müşavirliği, 2022. Rusya Federasyonu tarım alet ve makineleri raporu. https://ticaret.gov.tr/data/5bcc5d4813b876034cfece26/Rusya%20Tar%C4%B1m%20Alet%20ve%20Makinalar%C4%B1%20Raporu%202022.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, 2020. https://Arastirma.Tarimorman.Gov.Tr/Koyunculuk/Menu/76/Tarim-4-0. (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) T.C. Yatırım Ofisi, 2023. Makine. https://www.invest.gov.tr/tr/sectors/Sayfalar/machinery.aspx (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Thomala, L., 2020. Number of internet users in China from 2017 to 2023. Statista. Xiaoming, G., Sen, H., & Yu, W. (2020). Influence of Agricultural Mechanization Development on Agricultural Green Transformation in Western China, Based on the ML Index and Spatial Panel Model. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2020, 1-17. doi: 10.1155/2020/6351802 USDA, Economic Research Service, 2021, https://www.ers.usda.gov/ (Erişim Tarihi: 13.11.2023) Viola, E., & Mendes, V. (2022). Agriculture 4.0 and Climate Change in Brazil. Ambiente & Sociedade, 25(1), 1-23. Yavuz, M. S., Bozkurt G., Kayacan, M., & Çelik, E. İ. (2022). The Relationship Between Alternative Financial Assets and Stock Markets: BRICS-T Example. The Academic Elegance, 9(19), 393-413. Yücel, M. H., & Çalışkan, Z. (2020). The Impact of Agricultural Productivity and Mechanization on Agricultural Employment: Turkey Case. Ekonomik Yaklaşım Dergisi, 31(117), 525-553. Westerlund, J. (2008). Panel Cointegration Tests of The Fisher Effect, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 23, 193-233. Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Sürdürülebilir Tarımsal Kalkınma Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi Yazarlar Gökçen Aydınbaş ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ, İKTİSAT (DR) 0000-0001-9435-5387 Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Nisan 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Aralık 2023 Kabul Tarihi 28 Nisan 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2
Kaynak Göster APA Aydınbaş, G. (2024). Tarımsal Verimlilik ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Tespiti: BRICS-T Ülkeleri Örneği. Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 524-535. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1401633
Cited By Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1395916
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