Assessment of Serum Beta 2-Microglobulin Levels in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Patients: Implications for Immune Activation and Disease Pathogenesis

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 2, 338 – 342, 30.06.2024

Seyit Ali Buyuktuna , Serkan Bolat , Kübra Doğan , Yasemin Çakır , Halef Okan Dogan

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1422543

Öz

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) presents a spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe, life-threatening conditions. Despite extensive research on CCHF pathogenesis, comprehensive understanding remains elusive. Our investigation focused on assessing serum beta 2-microglobulin (β2M) levels in CCHF patients, aiming to elucidate its potential as an immune activation marker and its involvement in disease pathogenesis. The study enrolled 45 CCHF patients and 45 healthy volunteers as a control group. Serum β2M levels were quantified using the immunoturbidimetric analysis method. The patient group was divided into two groups, mild and moderate-severe, using scoring systems. The mean β2M values for the control, mild, and moderate-severe patient groups were 2.27±0.50, 4.37±1.29, and 5.82±2.62 mg/L, respectively (p<0.001). Positive correlations were noted between β2M concentrations and markers such as BUN, creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase, and aPTT (p<0.001, r=0.684; p<0.001, r=0.602; p=0.003, r=0.439; p=0.008, r=0.392; p=0.019, r=0.348, respectively). Conversely, negative correlations were observed with total protein, albumin, and platelet count (p=0.021, r=-0.342; p=0.003, r=-0.434; p=0.048, r=-0.296, respectively). The findings suggest a prominent inflammatory response in CCHF, indicated by elevated β2M levels, implying its potential role in the molecular mechanisms of the disease

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beta 2-microglobulin, Hemorrhagic fever virus, Crimean-Congo, Patient acuity, Viral zoonoses

Etik Beyan

The procedures were approved by the Ethical Committee of Sivas Cumhuriyet University following the ethical standards established by the institution (2021-04/02). All procedures were performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration as revised in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.

Kaynakça

• [1] Ergönül Ö., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Lancet Infect Dis., 6(4) (2006) 203-214.
• [2] Adams M.J., Lefkowitz E.J., King A.M., Harrach B., Harrison R.L., Knowles, N.J., et al., Changes to taxonomy and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2017), Arch. Virol, 162(8) (2017) 2505-2538.
• [3] Fillâtre P., Revest M., Tattevin P., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: An update, Med. Mal. Infect, 49(8) (2019) 574-585.
• [4] Büyüktuna S.A., Doğan H.O., Diagnosis, Prognosis and Clinical Trial in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever. In: Ahmad, S.I. (eds) Human Viruses: Diseases, Treatments and Vaccines. Cham: Springer, (2021) 207–219.
• [5] Akıncı E., Bodur H., Leblebicioglu H., Pathogenesis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis., 13(7) (2013) 429-437.
• [6] Akinci E., Bodur H., Sunbul M., Leblebicioglu H., Prognostic factors, pathophysiology and novel biomarkers in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Antiviral Res., 132 (2016) 233-243.
• [7] Elaldi N., Kaya S., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, J Microbiol. Infect Dis., 4(5) (2014) 1-9.
• [8] Connolly-Andersen A.M., Moll G., Andersson C., Åkerström S., Karlberg H., Douagi I., et al., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus activates endothelial cells, J. Virol, 85(15) (2011) 7766-7774.
• [9] Weber F., Mirazimi A., Interferon and cytokine responses to Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus; an emerging and neglected viral zonoosis, Cytokine Growth Factor Rev., 19(5-6) (2008) 395-404.
• [10] Bethea M., Forman D.T., Beta 2-microglobulin: its significance and clinical usefulness, Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., 20(3) (1990) 163-168.
• [11] Cooper E.H., Forbes M.A., Hambling M.H., Serum beta 2-microglobulin and C reactive protein concentrations in viral infections, J. Clin. Pathol., 37(10) (1984) 1140-1143.
• [12] Kanekar A., Biomarkers predicting progression of human immunodeficiency virus-related disease, J. Clin. Med. Res., 2(2) (2010) 55-61.
• [13] Li L., Dong M., Wang X., The Implication and Significance of Beta 2 Microglobulin: A Conservative Multifunctional Regulator, Chin. Med. J., 129(4) (2016) 448-455.
• [14] McPhee C.G., Sproule T.J., Shin D.M., Bubier J.A., Schott W.H., Steinbuck M.P., et al., MHC class I family proteins retard systemic lupus erythematosus autoimmunity and B cell lymphomagenesis, J. Immunol., 187(9) (2011) 4695-4704.
• [15] Gamal D.M., Badr F.M., Taha S.I.A.E.F., Moustafa N.M., Teama M.A.E.M., Serum beta-2 microglobulin as a predictor of nephritis, disease activity, and damage score in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study, Rheumatol Int., 43(2) (2023) 323-333.
• [16] Parlak E., Ertürk A., Çağ Y., Sebin E., Gümüşdere M., The effect of inflammatory cytokines and the level of vitamin D on prognosis in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med., 8(10) (2015) 18302.
• [17] Gong S., Ma R., Zhu T., Ge X., Xie R., Tao Q., et al., Elevated Serum Beta-2 Microglobulin Level Predicts Short-term Poor Prognosis of Patients with De Novo Acute Omicron Variant COVID-19 Infection, Front Cell Infect Microbiol., 13 (2023) 1204326.
• [18] Leblebicioglu H., Bodur H., Dokuzoguz B., Elaldi N., Guner R., Koksal I., et al., Case management and supportive treatment for patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis., 12(9) (2012) 805-811.

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 2, 338 – 342, 30.06.2024

Seyit Ali Buyuktuna , Serkan Bolat , Kübra Doğan , Yasemin Çakır , Halef Okan Dogan

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1422543

Öz

Kaynakça

• [1] Ergönül Ö., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Lancet Infect Dis., 6(4) (2006) 203-214.
• [2] Adams M.J., Lefkowitz E.J., King A.M., Harrach B., Harrison R.L., Knowles, N.J., et al., Changes to taxonomy and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2017), Arch. Virol, 162(8) (2017) 2505-2538.
• [3] Fillâtre P., Revest M., Tattevin P., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: An update, Med. Mal. Infect, 49(8) (2019) 574-585.
• [4] Büyüktuna S.A., Doğan H.O., Diagnosis, Prognosis and Clinical Trial in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever. In: Ahmad, S.I. (eds) Human Viruses: Diseases, Treatments and Vaccines. Cham: Springer, (2021) 207–219.
• [5] Akıncı E., Bodur H., Leblebicioglu H., Pathogenesis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis., 13(7) (2013) 429-437.
• [6] Akinci E., Bodur H., Sunbul M., Leblebicioglu H., Prognostic factors, pathophysiology and novel biomarkers in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Antiviral Res., 132 (2016) 233-243.
• [7] Elaldi N., Kaya S., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, J Microbiol. Infect Dis., 4(5) (2014) 1-9.
• [8] Connolly-Andersen A.M., Moll G., Andersson C., Åkerström S., Karlberg H., Douagi I., et al., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus activates endothelial cells, J. Virol, 85(15) (2011) 7766-7774.
• [9] Weber F., Mirazimi A., Interferon and cytokine responses to Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus; an emerging and neglected viral zonoosis, Cytokine Growth Factor Rev., 19(5-6) (2008) 395-404.
• [10] Bethea M., Forman D.T., Beta 2-microglobulin: its significance and clinical usefulness, Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., 20(3) (1990) 163-168.
• [11] Cooper E.H., Forbes M.A., Hambling M.H., Serum beta 2-microglobulin and C reactive protein concentrations in viral infections, J. Clin. Pathol., 37(10) (1984) 1140-1143.
• [12] Kanekar A., Biomarkers predicting progression of human immunodeficiency virus-related disease, J. Clin. Med. Res., 2(2) (2010) 55-61.
• [13] Li L., Dong M., Wang X., The Implication and Significance of Beta 2 Microglobulin: A Conservative Multifunctional Regulator, Chin. Med. J., 129(4) (2016) 448-455.
• [14] McPhee C.G., Sproule T.J., Shin D.M., Bubier J.A., Schott W.H., Steinbuck M.P., et al., MHC class I family proteins retard systemic lupus erythematosus autoimmunity and B cell lymphomagenesis, J. Immunol., 187(9) (2011) 4695-4704.
• [15] Gamal D.M., Badr F.M., Taha S.I.A.E.F., Moustafa N.M., Teama M.A.E.M., Serum beta-2 microglobulin as a predictor of nephritis, disease activity, and damage score in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study, Rheumatol Int., 43(2) (2023) 323-333.
• [16] Parlak E., Ertürk A., Çağ Y., Sebin E., Gümüşdere M., The effect of inflammatory cytokines and the level of vitamin D on prognosis in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med., 8(10) (2015) 18302.
• [17] Gong S., Ma R., Zhu T., Ge X., Xie R., Tao Q., et al., Elevated Serum Beta-2 Microglobulin Level Predicts Short-term Poor Prognosis of Patients with De Novo Acute Omicron Variant COVID-19 Infection, Front Cell Infect Microbiol., 13 (2023) 1204326.
• [18] Leblebicioglu H., Bodur H., Dokuzoguz B., Elaldi N., Guner R., Koksal I., et al., Case management and supportive treatment for patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis., 12(9) (2012) 805-811.

Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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