');mask-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;utf8, ');mask-mode:alpha;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain;-webkit-mask-position:center;mask-position:center;border-radius:0}}.wp-block-image :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image figure{margin:0}ol.wp-block-latest-comments{margin-left:0}.wp-block-latest-comments .wp-block-latest-comments{padding-left:0}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment{line-height:1.1;list-style:none;margin-bottom:1em}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment{min-height:2.25em;list-style:none}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt,.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-meta{margin-left:3.25em}.has-dates .wp-block-latest-comments__comment,.has-excerpts .wp-block-latest-comments__comment{line-height:1.5}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.8;margin:.36em 0 1.4em}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-date{display:block;font-size:.75em}.wp-block-latest-comments .avatar,.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-avatar{border-radius:1.5em;display:block;float:left;height:2.5em;margin-right:.75em;width:2.5em}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignleft{margin-right:2em}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignright{margin-left:2em}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list{list-style:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list li{clear:both}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid li{margin:0 1.25em 1.25em 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li{width:calc(50% - .625em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li:nth-child(2n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li{width:calc(33.33333% - .83333em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li:nth-child(3n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - .9375em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li:nth-child(4n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li:nth-child(5n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1.04167em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li:nth-child(6n){margin-right:0}}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-author,.wp-block-latest-posts__post-date{display:block;font-size:.8125em}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-excerpt{margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image img{height:auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignleft{margin-right:1em;float:left}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignright{margin-left:1em;float:right}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.aligncenter{margin-bottom:1em;text-align:center}ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}ol.has-background,ul.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-media-text{direction:ltr;display:grid;grid-template-columns:50% 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto;box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right{grid-template-columns:1fr 50%}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:start}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center .wp-block-media-text__media,.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:center}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:end}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:1;grid-row:1;margin:0}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content{direction:ltr;grid-column:2;grid-row:1;padding:0 8%;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:2;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text__media img,.wp-block-media-text__media video{height:auto;max-width:unset;width:100%;vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media{height:100%;min-height:250px;background-size:cover}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media>a{display:block;height:100%}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media img{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0}@media (max-width:600px){.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile{grid-template-columns:100%!important}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile .wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile .wp-block-media-text__content{grid-column:1;grid-row:2}}.wp-block-navigation{position:relative;--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-start;--navigation-layout-direction:row;--navigation-layout-wrap:wrap;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-start;--navigation-layout-align:center}.wp-block-navigation ul{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;padding-left:0}.wp-block-navigation ul,.wp-block-navigation ul li{list-style:none;padding:0}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:empty{display:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:block}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:underline}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:line-through}.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a,.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a:active,.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a:focus{text-decoration:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{align-self:center;line-height:0;display:inline-block;font-size:inherit;padding:0;background-color:inherit;color:currentColor;border:none;width:.6em;height:.6em;margin-left:.25em}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{display:inline-block;stroke:currentColor;width:inherit;height:inherit;margin-top:.075em}.wp-block-navigation.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-direction:column;--navigation-layout-justify:initial;--navigation-layout-align:flex-start}.wp-block-navigation.no-wrap{--navigation-layout-wrap:nowrap}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-center{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:center;--navigation-layout-justify:center}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-center.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-align:center}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-end;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-align:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:space-between;--navigation-layout-justify:space-between}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:inherit;color:inherit;position:absolute;z-index:2;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:normal;opacity:0;transition:opacity .1s linear;visibility:hidden;width:0;height:0;overflow:hidden;left:-1px;top:100%}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:flex;flex-grow:1}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-right:0;margin-left:auto}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item__content{margin:0}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:-1px}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:before{content:"";position:absolute;right:100%;height:100%;display:block;width:.5em;background:0 0}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-right:.25em}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}}.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):hover>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{visibility:visible;overflow:visible;opacity:1;width:auto;height:auto;min-width:200px}.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):not(.open-on-hover-click):focus-within>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{visibility:visible;overflow:visible;opacity:1;width:auto;height:auto;min-width:200px}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle[aria-expanded=true]~.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{visibility:visible;overflow:visible;opacity:1;width:auto;height:auto;min-width:200px}.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0;top:100%}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:0}}.wp-block-navigation-submenu{position:relative;display:flex}.wp-block-navigation-submenu .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{stroke:currentColor}button.wp-block-navigation-item__content{background-color:transparent;border:none;color:currentColor;font-size:inherit;font-family:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;text-transform:inherit;text-align:left}.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{cursor:pointer}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{padding-right:.85em}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle+.wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-left:-.6em;pointer-events:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list,.wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{gap:inherit}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:0}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:-1px;right:-1px}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:100%}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:#fff;color:#000;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.15)}.wp-block-navigation__container{display:flex;flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0}.wp-block-navigation__container .is-responsive{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__container:only-child,.wp-block-page-list:only-child{flex-grow:1}@keyframes overlay-menu__fade-in-animation{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(.5em)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container{display:none;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container .wp-block-navigation-link a{color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{display:flex;flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.is-menu-open.is-menu-open){color:inherit!important;background-color:inherit!important}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-color:inherit;animation:overlay-menu__fade-in-animation .1s ease-out;animation-fill-mode:forwards;padding:var(--wp--style--root--padding-top,2rem) var(--wp--style--root--padding-right,2rem) var(--wp--style--root--padding-bottom,2rem) var(--wp--style--root--padding-left,2rem);overflow:auto;z-index:100000}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{animation-duration:1ms;animation-delay:0s}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{padding-top:calc(2rem + 24px);overflow:visible;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,inherit)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{justify-content:flex-start}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .has-child .submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{opacity:1;visibility:visible;height:auto;width:auto;overflow:initial;min-width:200px;position:static;border:none;padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{gap:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{padding-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap,2em)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item__content{padding:0}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,initial)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-page-list{color:inherit!important;background:transparent!important}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{right:auto;left:auto}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open){display:block;width:100%;position:relative;z-index:auto;background-color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{background-color:#fff;color:#000}.wp-block-navigation__toggle_button_label{font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer;color:currentColor;background:0 0;border:none;margin:0;padding:0;text-transform:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close svg,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open svg{fill:currentColor;pointer-events:none;display:block;width:24px;height:24px}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{display:flex}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open:not(.always-shown){display:none}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:2}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close{width:100%;max-width:var(--wp--style--global--wide-size,100%);margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close:focus{outline:none}.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{position:relative}.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:46px}@media (min-width:782px){.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:32px}}html.has-modal-open{overflow:hidden}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__label{word-break:normal;overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__description{display:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list{display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);background-color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{background-color:inherit}.is-small-text{font-size:.875em}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter {float:left;font-size:8.4em;line-height:.68;font-weight:100;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase;font-style:normal}p.has-drop-cap.has-background{overflow:hidden}p.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}.wp-block-post-author{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.wp-block-post-author__byline{width:100%;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:.5em}.wp-block-post-author__avatar{margin-right:1em}.wp-block-post-author__bio{margin-bottom:.7em;font-size:.7em}.wp-block-post-author__content{flex-grow:1;flex-basis:0}.wp-block-post-author__name{margin:0}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-weight] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-weight:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-family] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-family:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[class*=-font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title),.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-size:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=line-height] :where(.comment-reply-title){line-height:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-style] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-style:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=letter-spacing] :where(.comment-reply-title){letter-spacing:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form input[type=submit]{box-shadow:none;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;text-align:center;overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-post-comments-form input:not([type=submit]),.wp-block-post-comments-form textarea{border:1px solid #949494;font-size:1em;font-family:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]),.wp-block-post-comments-form textarea{padding:calc(.667em + 2px)}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]),.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form textarea{display:block;box-sizing:border-box;width:100%}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-author label,.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-email label,.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-url label{display:block;margin-bottom:.25em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-cookies-consent{display:flex;gap:.25em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-cookies-consent #wp-comment-cookies-consent{margin-top:.35em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title :where(small){font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium,smaller);margin-left:.5em}.wp-block-post-date{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link{display:inline-block}.wp-block-post-featured-image{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.wp-block-post-featured-image a{display:block}.wp-block-post-featured-image img{max-width:100%;width:100%;height:auto;vertical-align:bottom;box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignfull img,.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignwide img{width:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim{position:absolute;inset:0;background-color:#000}.wp-block-post-featured-image{position:relative}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-gradient{background-color:transparent}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-0{opacity:0}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-10{opacity:.1}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-20{opacity:.2}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-30{opacity:.3}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-40{opacity:.4}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-50{opacity:.5}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-60{opacity:.6}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-70{opacity:.7}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-80{opacity:.8}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-90{opacity:.9}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-100{opacity:1}.wp-block-post-terms__separator{white-space:pre-wrap}.wp-block-post-title{word-break:break-word;box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-title a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-preformatted{white-space:pre-wrap}.wp-block-preformatted.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-pullquote{margin:0 0 1em;padding:3em 0;text-align:center;overflow-wrap:break-word;box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote,.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote p{color:inherit}.wp-block-pullquote.alignleft,.wp-block-pullquote.alignright{max-width:420px}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer{position:relative}.wp-block-pullquote .has-text-color a{color:inherit}.wp-block-pullquote.has-text-align-left blockquote{text-align:left}.wp-block-pullquote.has-text-align-right blockquote{text-align:right}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color{border:none}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:60%}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote p{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:2em}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote cite{text-transform:none;font-style:normal}.wp-block-pullquote cite{color:inherit}.wp-block-post-template{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;max-width:100%;list-style:none;padding:0}.wp-block-post-template.wp-block-post-template{background:0 0}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container{flex-direction:row;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1.25em}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container li{margin:0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-2>li{width:calc(50% - .625em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-3>li{width:calc(33.33333% - .83333em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-4>li{width:calc(25% - .9375em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-5>li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-6>li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1.04167em)}}.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-next,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-numbers,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous{margin-right:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-next:last-child,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-numbers:last-child,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous:last-child{margin-right:0}.wp-block-query-pagination.is-content-justification-space-between>.wp-block-query-pagination-next:last-child{margin-inline-start:auto}.wp-block-query-pagination.is-content-justification-space-between>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous:first-child{margin-inline-end:auto}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow{margin-right:1ch;display:inline-block}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow{margin-left:1ch;display:inline-block}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-query-pagination.aligncenter{justify-content:center}.wp-block-query-title,.wp-block-quote{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-quote{overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-quote.is-large:not(.is-style-plain),.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:not(.is-style-plain){margin-bottom:1em;padding:0 1em}.wp-block-quote.is-large:not(.is-style-plain) p,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:not(.is-style-plain) p{font-size:1.5em;font-style:italic;line-height:1.6}.wp-block-quote.is-large:not(.is-style-plain) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-large:not(.is-style-plain) footer,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:not(.is-style-plain) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:not(.is-style-plain) footer{font-size:1.125em;text-align:right}.wp-block-read-more{display:block;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]),.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]):active,.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]):focus{text-decoration:none}ul.wp-block-rss{list-style:none;padding:0}ul.wp-block-rss.wp-block-rss{box-sizing:border-box}ul.wp-block-rss.alignleft{margin-right:2em}ul.wp-block-rss.alignright{margin-left:2em}ul.wp-block-rss.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0;list-style:none}ul.wp-block-rss.is-grid li{margin:0 1em 1em 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){ul.wp-block-rss.columns-2 li{width:calc(50% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-3 li{width:calc(33.33333% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-5 li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-6 li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1em)}}.wp-block-rss__item-author,.wp-block-rss__item-publish-date{display:block;font-size:.8125em}.wp-block-search__button{margin-left:.625em;word-break:normal}.wp-block-search__button.has-icon{line-height:0}.wp-block-search__button svg{min-width:1.5em;min-height:1.5em;fill:currentColor;vertical-align:text-bottom}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}.wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{display:flex;flex:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;max-width:100%}.wp-block-search__label{width:100%}.wp-block-search__input{padding:8px;flex-grow:1;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;min-width:3em;border:1px solid #949494;text-decoration:unset!important}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button{margin-left:0}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){padding:4px;border:1px solid #949494}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input{border-radius:0;border:none;padding:0 0 0 .25em}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:none}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) :where(.wp-block-search__button){padding:.125em .5em}.wp-block-search.aligncenter .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{margin:auto}.wp-block-separator{border:1px solid;border-right:none;border-left:none}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots{background:none!important;border:none;text-align:center;line-height:1;height:auto}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots:before{content:"···";color:currentColor;font-size:1.5em;letter-spacing:2em;padding-left:2em;font-family:serif}.wp-block-site-logo{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:0}.wp-block-site-logo a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-site-logo.is-default-size img{width:120px;height:auto}.wp-block-site-logo img{height:auto;max-width:100%}.wp-block-site-logo a,.wp-block-site-logo img{border-radius:inherit}.wp-block-site-logo.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center}.wp-block-site-logo.is-style-rounded{border-radius:9999px}.wp-block-social-links{box-sizing:border-box;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;text-indent:0;margin-left:0;background:0 0}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a,.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a:hover{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:0;box-shadow:none}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a{padding:.25em}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link svg{width:1em;height:1em}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link span:not(.screen-reader-text){margin-left:.5em;margin-right:.5em;font-size:.65em}.wp-block-social-links.has-small-icon-size{font-size:16px}.wp-block-social-links,.wp-block-social-links.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:24px}.wp-block-social-links.has-large-icon-size{font-size:36px}.wp-block-social-links.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:48px}.wp-block-social-links.aligncenter{justify-content:center;display:flex}.wp-block-social-links.alignright{justify-content:flex-end}.wp-block-social-link{display:block;border-radius:9999px;transition:transform .1s ease;height:auto}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-social-link{transition-duration:0s;transition-delay:0s}}.wp-block-social-link a{align-items:center;display:flex;line-height:0;transition:transform .1s ease}.wp-block-social-link:hover{transform:scale(1.1)}.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:active,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:hover,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:visited,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor svg{color:currentColor;fill:currentColor}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-amazon{background-color:#f90;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{background-color:#1ea0c3;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-behance{background-color:#0757fe;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-codepen{background-color:#1e1f26;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-deviantart{background-color:#02e49b;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dribbble{background-color:#e94c89;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dropbox{background-color:#4280ff;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-etsy{background-color:#f45800;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#1778f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-flickr{background-color:#0461dd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-foursquare{background-color:#e65678;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-github{background-color:#24292d;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-goodreads{background-color:#eceadd;color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-google{background-color:#ea4434;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-lastfm{background-color:#e21b24;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-linkedin{background-color:#0d66c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-mastodon{background-color:#3288d4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-medium{background-color:#02ab6c;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-meetup{background-color:#f6405f;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-patreon{background-color:#ff424d;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pocket{background-color:#ef4155;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-reddit{background-color:#ff4500;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-skype{background-color:#0478d7;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-snapchat{background-color:#fefc00;color:#fff;stroke:#000}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{background-color:#ff5600;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-spotify{background-color:#1bd760;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-telegram{background-color:#2aabee;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tiktok{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tumblr{background-color:#011835;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitch{background-color:#6440a4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitter{background-color:#1da1f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vimeo{background-color:#1eb7ea;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vk{background-color:#4680c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-wordpress{background-color:#3499cd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{background-color:#25d366;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-youtube{background-color:red;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link{background:0 0}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link a{padding:0}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link svg{width:1.25em;height:1.25em}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-amazon{color:#f90}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-bandcamp{color:#1ea0c3}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-behance{color:#0757fe}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-codepen{color:#1e1f26}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-deviantart{color:#02e49b}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-dribbble{color:#e94c89}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-dropbox{color:#4280ff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-etsy{color:#f45800}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-facebook{color:#1778f2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-flickr{color:#0461dd}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-foursquare{color:#e65678}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-github{color:#24292d}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-goodreads{color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-google{color:#ea4434}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-instagram{color:#f00075}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-lastfm{color:#e21b24}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-linkedin{color:#0d66c2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-mastodon{color:#3288d4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-medium{color:#02ab6c}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-meetup{color:#f6405f}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-patreon{color:#ff424d}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-pinterest{color:#e60122}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-pocket{color:#ef4155}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-reddit{color:#ff4500}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-skype{color:#0478d7}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-snapchat{color:#fff;stroke:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-soundcloud{color:#ff5600}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-spotify{color:#1bd760}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-telegram{color:#2aabee}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-tiktok{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-tumblr{color:#011835}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-twitch{color:#6440a4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-twitter{color:#1da1f2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-vimeo{color:#1eb7ea}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-vk{color:#4680c2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-whatsapp{color:#25d366}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-wordpress{color:#3499cd}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-yelp{color:#d32422}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-youtube{color:red}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link{width:auto}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link a{padding-left:.66667em;padding-right:.66667em}.wp-block-spacer{clear:both}.wp-block-tag-cloud.aligncenter{text-align:center;justify-content:center}.wp-block-tag-cloud.alignfull{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-tag-cloud a{display:inline-block;margin-right:5px}.wp-block-tag-cloud span{display:inline-block;margin-left:5px;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1ch}.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline a{border:1px solid;font-size:unset!important;margin-right:0;padding:1ch 2ch;text-decoration:none!important}.wp-block-table{overflow-x:auto}.wp-block-table table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{border:1px solid;padding:.5em}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout{table-layout:fixed;width:100%}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout td,.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table.aligncenter,.wp-block-table.alignleft,.wp-block-table.alignright{display:table;width:auto}.wp-block-table.aligncenter td,.wp-block-table.aligncenter th,.wp-block-table.alignleft td,.wp-block-table.alignleft th,.wp-block-table.alignright td,.wp-block-table.alignright th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-green-background-color{background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color{background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes{border-spacing:0;border-collapse:inherit;background-color:transparent;border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f0f0f0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-light-gray-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-green-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes td,.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes th{border-color:transparent}.wp-block-table .has-border-color>*,.wp-block-table .has-border-color td,.wp-block-table .has-border-color th,.wp-block-table .has-border-color tr{border-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>* td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>* th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child th{border-top-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:not(:first-child){border-top-color:currentColor}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] td:last-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] tr{border-right-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>* td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>* th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child th{border-bottom-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:not(:last-child){border-bottom-color:currentColor}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] td:first-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] tr{border-left-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] tr{border-style:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] tr{border-width:inherit;border-style:inherit}.wp-block-text-columns,.wp-block-text-columns.aligncenter{display:flex}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column{margin:0 1em;padding:0}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:first-child{margin-left:0}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:last-child{margin-right:0}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-2 .wp-block-column{width:50%}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-3 .wp-block-column{width:33.33333%}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-4 .wp-block-column{width:25%}pre.wp-block-verse{font-family:inherit;overflow:auto;white-space:pre-wrap}.wp-block-video{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-video video{width:100%}@supports (position:sticky){.wp-block-video [poster]{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}}.wp-block-video.aligncenter{text-align:center}.wp-block-video figcaption{margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3)}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe)}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec)}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671)}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59)}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf)}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc)}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal)}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge)}.has-text-align-center{text-align:center}.has-text-align-left{text-align:left}.has-text-align-right{text-align:right}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.aligncenter{clear:both}.items-justified-left{justify-content:flex-start}.items-justified-center{justify-content:center}.items-justified-right{justify-content:flex-end}.items-justified-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip:auto!important;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}figure{margin:0 0 1em}
/*! This file is auto-generated */
.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}body{--wp--preset--color--black:#000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--contrast:var(--contrast);--wp--preset--color--contrast-2:var(--contrast-2);--wp--preset--color--contrast-3:var(--contrast-3);--wp--preset--color--base:var(--base);--wp--preset--color--base-2:var(--base-2);--wp--preset--color--base-3:var(--base-3);--wp--preset--color--accent:var(--accent);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,#9b51e0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,#7adcb4 0%,#00d082 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,#cf2e2e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,#eee 0%,#a9b8c3 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,#4aeadc 0%,#9778d1 20%,#cf2aba 40%,#ee2c82 60%,#fb6962 80%,#fef84c 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffceec 0%,#9896f0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,#fecda5 0%,#fe2d2d 50%,#6b003e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffcb70 0%,#c751c0 50%,#4158d0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff5cb 0%,#b6e3d4 50%,#33a7b5 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,#caf880 0%,#71ce7e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381 0%,#2874fc 100%);--wp--preset--duotone--dark-grayscale:url('#wp-duotone-dark-grayscale');--wp--preset--duotone--grayscale:url('#wp-duotone-grayscale');--wp--preset--duotone--purple-yellow:url('#wp-duotone-purple-yellow');--wp--preset--duotone--blue-red:url('#wp-duotone-blue-red');--wp--preset--duotone--midnight:url('#wp-duotone-midnight');--wp--preset--duotone--magenta-yellow:url('#wp-duotone-magenta-yellow');--wp--preset--duotone--purple-green:url('#wp-duotone-purple-green');--wp--preset--duotone--blue-orange:url('#wp-duotone-blue-orange');--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap:.5em}body .is-layout-flow>.alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:2em}body .is-layout-flow>.alignright{float:right;margin-inline-start:2em;margin-inline-end:0}body .is-layout-flow>.aligncenter{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important}body .is-layout-constrained>.alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:2em}body .is-layout-constrained>.alignright{float:right;margin-inline-start:2em;margin-inline-end:0}body .is-layout-constrained>.aligncenter{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important}body .is-layout-constrained>:where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important}body .is-layout-constrained>.alignwide{max-width:var(--wp--style--global--wide-size)}body .is-layout-flex{display:flex}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center}body .is-layout-flex>*{margin:0}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}.has-black-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-black-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-black-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important}.has-small-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important}.has-medium-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important}.has-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important}.wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}.wp-block-pullquote{font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.6}blockquote,body,dd,dl,dt,fieldset,figure,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,hr,html,iframe,legend,li,ol,p,pre,textarea,ul{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}main{display:block}progress{vertical-align:baseline}html{box-sizing:border-box}*,:after,:before{box-sizing:inherit}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText}body,button,input,select,textarea{font-family:-apple-system,system-ui,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol";font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:17px;line-height:1.5}p{margin-bottom:1.5em}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit}pre{background:rgba(0,0,0,.05);font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:normal;margin-bottom:1.5em;padding:20px;overflow:auto;max-width:100%}blockquote{border-left:5px solid rgba(0,0,0,.05);padding:20px;font-size:1.2em;font-style:italic;margin:0 0 1.5em;position:relative}blockquote p:last-child{margin:0}table,td,th{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1)}table{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border-width:1px 0 0 1px;margin:0 0 1.5em;width:100%}td,th{padding:8px}th{border-width:0 1px 1px 0}td{border-width:0 1px 1px 0}hr{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.1);border:0;height:1px;margin-bottom:40px;margin-top:40px}fieldset{padding:0;border:0;min-width:inherit}fieldset legend{padding:0;margin-bottom:1.5em}h1{font-size:42px;margin-bottom:20px;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:400;text-transform:none}h2{font-size:35px;margin-bottom:20px;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:400;text-transform:none}h3{font-size:29px;margin-bottom:20px;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:400;text-transform:none}h4{font-size:24px}h5{font-size:20px}h4,h5,h6{margin-bottom:20px}ol,ul{margin:0 0 1.5em 3em}ul{list-style:disc}ol{list-style:decimal}li>ol,li>ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:1.5em}dt{font-weight:700}dd{margin:0 1.5em 1.5em}b,strong{font-weight:700}cite,dfn,em,i{font-style:italic}address{margin:0 0 1.5em}code,kbd,tt,var{font:15px Monaco,Consolas,"Andale Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace}abbr,acronym{border-bottom:1px dotted #666;cursor:help}ins,mark{text-decoration:none}sub,sup{font-size:75%;height:0;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{bottom:1ex}sub{top:.5ex}small{font-size:75%}big{font-size:125%}figure{margin:0}table{margin:0 0 1.5em;width:100%}th{font-weight:700}img{height:auto;max-width:100%}button,input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{background:#55555e;color:#fff;border:1px solid transparent;cursor:pointer;-webkit-appearance:button;padding:10px 20px}input[type=email],input[type=number],input[type=password],input[type=search],input[type=tel],input[type=text],input[type=url],select,textarea{border:1px solid;border-radius:0;padding:10px 15px;max-width:100%}textarea{width:100%}a,button,input{transition:color .1s ease-in-out,background-color .1s ease-in-out}a{text-decoration:none}.button,.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{padding:10px 20px;display:inline-block}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.using-mouse :focus{outline:0}.using-mouse ::-moz-focus-inner{border:0}.alignleft{float:left;margin-right:1.5em}.alignright{float:right;margin-left:1.5em}.aligncenter{clear:both;display:block;margin:0 auto}.size-auto,.size-full,.size-large,.size-medium,.size-thumbnail{max-width:100%;height:auto}.no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:calc(-100vw/2 + 100%/2);margin-right:calc(-100vw/2 + 100%/2);max-width:100vw;width:auto}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#f1f1f1;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 0 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.6);clip:auto!important;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#21759b;display:block;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}#primary[tabindex="-1"]:focus{outline:0}.main-navigation{z-index:100;padding:0;clear:both;display:block}.main-navigation a{display:block;text-decoration:none;font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:15px}.main-navigation ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;line-height:60px}.inside-navigation{position:relative}.main-navigation .inside-navigation{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between}.main-navigation .main-nav>ul{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center}.main-navigation li{position:relative}.main-navigation .menu-bar-items{display:flex;align-items:center;font-size:15px}.main-navigation .menu-bar-items a{color:inherit}.main-navigation .menu-bar-item{position:relative}.main-navigation .menu-bar-item.search-item{z-index:20}.main-navigation .menu-bar-item>a{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;line-height:60px}.sidebar .main-navigation .main-nav{flex-basis:100%}.sidebar .main-navigation .main-nav>ul{flex-direction:column}.sidebar .main-navigation .menu-bar-items{margin:0 auto}.sidebar .main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item{order:10}.nav-align-center .inside-navigation{justify-content:center}.nav-align-center .main-nav>ul{justify-content:center}.nav-align-right .inside-navigation{justify-content:flex-end}.main-navigation ul ul{display:block;box-shadow:1px 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);float:left;position:absolute;left:-99999px;opacity:0;z-index:99999;width:200px;text-align:left;top:auto;transition:opacity 80ms linear;transition-delay:0s;pointer-events:none;height:0;overflow:hidden}.main-navigation ul ul a{display:block}.main-navigation ul ul li{width:100%}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{line-height:normal;padding:10px 20px;font-size:14px}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children>a{padding-right:0;position:relative}.main-navigation.sub-menu-left ul ul{box-shadow:-1px 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.main-navigation.sub-menu-left .sub-menu{right:0}.main-navigation:not(.toggled) ul li.sfHover>ul,.main-navigation:not(.toggled) ul li:hover>ul{left:auto;opacity:1;transition-delay:.15s;pointer-events:auto;height:auto;overflow:visible}.main-navigation:not(.toggled) ul ul li.sfHover>ul,.main-navigation:not(.toggled) ul ul li:hover>ul{left:100%;top:0}.main-navigation.sub-menu-left:not(.toggled) ul ul li.sfHover>ul,.main-navigation.sub-menu-left:not(.toggled) ul ul li:hover>ul{right:100%;left:auto}.nav-float-right .main-navigation ul ul ul{top:0}.menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{display:inline-block;height:100%;clear:both;padding-right:20px;padding-left:10px}.menu-item-has-children ul .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-top:-10px}.sidebar .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle,nav ul ul .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{float:right}.widget-area .main-navigation li{float:none;display:block;width:100%;padding:0;margin:0}.sidebar .main-navigation.sub-menu-right ul li.sfHover ul,.sidebar .main-navigation.sub-menu-right ul li:hover ul{top:0;left:100%}.sidebar .main-navigation.sub-menu-left ul li.sfHover ul,.sidebar .main-navigation.sub-menu-left ul li:hover ul{top:0;right:100%}.site-main .comment-navigation,.site-main .post-navigation,.site-main .posts-navigation{margin:0 0 2em;overflow:hidden}.site-main .post-navigation{margin-bottom:0}.paging-navigation .nav-next,.paging-navigation .nav-previous{display:none}.paging-navigation .nav-links>*{padding:0 5px}.paging-navigation .nav-links .current{font-weight:700}.nav-links>:first-child{padding-left:0}.site-header{position:relative}.inside-header{padding:20px 40px}.main-title{margin:0;font-size:25px;line-height:1.2em;word-wrap:break-word;font-weight:700;text-transform:none}.site-description{margin:0;line-height:1.5;font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:15px}.site-logo{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.site-header .header-image{vertical-align:middle}.inside-header{display:flex;align-items:center}.header-widget{margin-left:auto}.header-widget p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.nav-float-right .header-widget{margin-left:20px}.nav-float-right #site-navigation{margin-left:auto}.nav-float-left #site-navigation{margin-right:auto;order:-10}.nav-float-left .header-widget{margin-left:0;margin-right:20px;order:-15}.header-aligned-center:not([class*=nav-float-]) .inside-header{justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;text-align:center}.header-aligned-center:not([class*=nav-float-]) .header-widget{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.header-aligned-center:not([class*=nav-float-]) .inside-header>:not(:first-child){margin-top:1em}.header-aligned-right:not([class*=nav-float-]) .inside-header{justify-content:flex-end}.header-aligned-right:not([class*=nav-float-]) .header-widget{margin-right:auto;margin-left:0;order:-10}.site-branding-container{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;text-align:left;flex-shrink:0}.site-branding-container .site-logo{margin-right:1em}.sticky{display:block}.entry-header .gp-icon,.posted-on .updated{display:none}.byline,.entry-header .cat-links,.entry-header .comments-link,.entry-header .tags-links,.group-blog .byline,.single .byline{display:inline}footer.entry-meta .byline,footer.entry-meta .posted-on{display:block}.entry-content:not(:first-child),.entry-summary:not(:first-child),.page-content:not(:first-child){margin-top:2em}.page-links{clear:both;margin:0 0 1.5em}.archive .format-aside .entry-header,.archive .format-status .entry-header,.archive .format-status .entry-meta,.archive .format-status .entry-title,.blog .format-aside .entry-header,.blog .format-status .entry-header,.blog .format-status .entry-meta,.blog .format-status .entry-title{display:none}.archive .format-aside .entry-content,.archive .format-status .entry-content,.blog .format-aside .entry-content,.blog .format-status .entry-content{margin-top:0}.archive .format-status .entry-content p:last-child,.blog .format-status .entry-content p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.entry-header,.site-content{word-wrap:break-word}.entry-title{margin-bottom:0}.author .page-header .page-title{display:flex;align-items:center}.author .page-header .avatar{margin-right:20px}.page-header .author-info>:last-child,.page-header>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.entry-meta{font-size:85%;margin-top:.5em;line-height:1.5}footer.entry-meta{margin-top:2em}.cat-links,.comments-link,.tags-links{display:block}.entry-content>p:last-child,.entry-summary>p:last-child,.page-content>p:last-child,.read-more-container,.taxonomy-description p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.wp-caption{margin-bottom:1.5em;max-width:100%;position:relative}.wp-caption img[class*=wp-image-]{display:block;margin:0 auto 0;max-width:100%}.wp-caption .wp-caption-text{font-size:75%;padding-top:5px;opacity:.8}.wp-caption img{position:relative;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-image figcaption{font-size:13px;text-align:center}.wp-block-gallery,ul.blocks-gallery-grid{margin-left:0}.wp-block-gallery .blocks-gallery-image figcaption,.wp-block-gallery .blocks-gallery-item figcaption{background:rgba(255,255,255,.7);color:#000;padding:10px;box-sizing:border-box}.gallery{margin-bottom:1.5em}.gallery-item{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;width:100%}.gallery-columns-2 .gallery-item{max-width:50%}.gallery-columns-3 .gallery-item{max-width:33.33%}.gallery-columns-4 .gallery-item{max-width:25%}.gallery-columns-5 .gallery-item{max-width:20%}.gallery-columns-6 .gallery-item{max-width:16.66%}.gallery-columns-7 .gallery-item{max-width:14.28%}.gallery-columns-8 .gallery-item{max-width:12.5%}.gallery-columns-9 .gallery-item{max-width:11.11%}.gallery-caption{display:block}.site-main .gallery{margin-bottom:1.5em}.gallery-item img{vertical-align:bottom}.gallery-icon{padding:5px}embed,iframe,object{max-width:100%}.wp-block-post-template{margin-left:0}.widget-area .widget{padding:40px}.widget select{max-width:100%}.footer-widgets .widget :last-child,.sidebar .widget :last-child{margin-bottom:0}.widget-title{margin-bottom:30px;font-size:20px;line-height:1.5;font-weight:400;text-transform:none}.widget ol,.widget ul{margin:0}.widget .search-field{width:100%}.widget .search-form{display:flex}.widget .search-form button.search-submit{font-size:15px}.footer-widgets .widget{margin-bottom:30px}.footer-widgets .widget:last-child,.sidebar .widget:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.widget ul li{list-style-type:none;position:relative;margin-bottom:.5em}.widget ul li ul{margin-left:1em;margin-top:.5em}.wp-calendar-table{table-layout:fixed}.site-content{display:flex}.grid-container{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:1200px}.page-header,.sidebar .widget,.site-main>*{margin-bottom:20px}.both-left .inside-left-sidebar,.both-right .inside-left-sidebar{margin-right:10px}.both-left .inside-right-sidebar,.both-right .inside-right-sidebar{margin-left:10px}.one-container.both-right .site-main,.one-container.right-sidebar .site-main{margin-right:40px}.one-container.both-left .site-main,.one-container.left-sidebar .site-main{margin-left:40px}.one-container.both-sidebars .site-main{margin:0 40px}.one-container.archive .post:not(:last-child):not(.is-loop-template-item),.one-container.blog .post:not(:last-child):not(.is-loop-template-item){padding-bottom:40px}.one-container .site-content{padding:40px}.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .page-header,.separate-containers .paging-navigation{padding:40px}.separate-containers .site-main{margin:20px}.separate-containers.no-sidebar .site-main{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.separate-containers.both-right .site-main,.separate-containers.right-sidebar .site-main{margin-left:0}.separate-containers.both-left .site-main,.separate-containers.left-sidebar .site-main{margin-right:0}.separate-containers .inside-left-sidebar,.separate-containers .inside-right-sidebar{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.inside-page-header{padding:40px}.widget-area .main-navigation{margin-bottom:20px}.one-container .site-main>:last-child,.separate-containers .site-main>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.full-width-content .container.grid-container{max-width:100%}.full-width-content.no-sidebar.separate-containers .site-main{margin:0}.full-width-content.one-container .site-content,.full-width-content.separate-containers .inside-article{padding:0}.full-width-content .entry-content .alignwide{margin-left:0;width:auto;max-width:unset}.contained-content.one-container .site-content,.contained-content.separate-containers .inside-article{padding:0}.sidebar .grid-container{max-width:100%;width:100%}.both-left .is-left-sidebar,.both-sidebars .is-left-sidebar,.left-sidebar .sidebar{order:-10}.both-left .is-right-sidebar{order:-5}.both-right .is-left-sidebar{order:5}.both-right .is-right-sidebar,.both-sidebars .is-right-sidebar{order:10}.inside-site-info{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:20px 40px}.site-info{text-align:center;font-size:15px}.post-image:not(:first-child){margin-top:2em}.featured-image{line-height:0}.separate-containers .featured-image{margin-top:20px}.separate-containers .inside-article>.featured-image{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:2em}.one-container .inside-article>.featured-image{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:2em}.gp-icon{display:inline-flex;align-self:center}.gp-icon svg{height:1em;width:1em;top:.125em;position:relative;fill:currentColor}.close-search .icon-search svg:nth-child(1),.icon-menu-bars svg:nth-child(2),.icon-search svg:nth-child(2),.toggled .icon-menu-bars svg:nth-child(1){display:none}.close-search .icon-search svg:nth-child(2),.toggled .icon-menu-bars svg:nth-child(2){display:block}.entry-meta .gp-icon{margin-right:.6em;opacity:.7}nav.toggled .icon-arrow-left svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}nav.toggled .icon-arrow-right svg{transform:rotate(90deg)}nav.toggled .sfHover>a>.dropdown-menu-toggle .gp-icon svg{transform:rotate(180deg)}nav.toggled .sfHover>a>.dropdown-menu-toggle .gp-icon.icon-arrow-left svg{transform:rotate(-270deg)}nav.toggled .sfHover>a>.dropdown-menu-toggle .gp-icon.icon-arrow-right svg{transform:rotate(270deg)}.container.grid-container{width:auto}.menu-toggle,.mobile-bar-items,.sidebar-nav-mobile{display:none}.menu-toggle{padding:0 20px;line-height:60px;margin:0;font-weight:400;text-transform:none;font-size:15px;cursor:pointer}.menu-toggle .mobile-menu{padding-left:3px}.menu-toggle .gp-icon+.mobile-menu{padding-left:9px}.menu-toggle .mobile-menu:empty{display:none}button.menu-toggle{background-color:transparent;flex-grow:1;border:0;text-align:center}button.menu-toggle:active,button.menu-toggle:focus,button.menu-toggle:hover{background-color:transparent}.has-menu-bar-items button.menu-toggle{flex-grow:0}nav.toggled ul ul.sub-menu{width:100%}.toggled .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:20px}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav{flex-basis:100%;order:3}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav>ul{display:block}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav li{width:100%;text-align:left}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav ul ul{transition:0s;visibility:hidden;box-shadow:none;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.05)}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav ul ul li:last-child>ul{border-bottom:0}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav ul ul.toggled-on{position:relative;top:0;left:auto!important;right:auto!important;width:100%;pointer-events:auto;height:auto;opacity:1;display:block;visibility:visible;float:none}.main-navigation.toggled .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{float:right}.mobile-menu-control-wrapper{display:none;margin-left:auto;align-items:center}.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.toggled{margin-top:1.5em}.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.has-active-search{margin-top:1.5em}.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.has-active-search .nav-search-active{position:relative}.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.has-active-search .navigation-search input{outline:auto}.nav-float-left .mobile-menu-control-wrapper{order:-10;margin-left:0;margin-right:auto;flex-direction:row-reverse}@media (max-width:768px){.hide-on-mobile{display:none!important}a,body,button,input,select,textarea{transition:all 0s ease-in-out}.inside-header{flex-direction:column;text-align:center}.site-header .header-widget{margin-top:1.5em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center}.site-content{flex-direction:column}.container .site-content .content-area{width:auto}.is-left-sidebar.sidebar,.is-right-sidebar.sidebar{width:auto;order:initial}.is-left-sidebar+.is-right-sidebar .inside-right-sidebar{margin-top:0}.both-left .inside-left-sidebar,.both-left .inside-right-sidebar,.both-right .inside-left-sidebar,.both-right .inside-right-sidebar{margin-right:0;margin-left:0}#main{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}body:not(.no-sidebar) #main{margin-bottom:0}.alignleft,.alignright{float:none;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.comment .children{padding-left:10px;margin-left:0}.entry-meta{font-size:inherit}.entry-meta a{line-height:1.8em}}@media (min-width:769px) and (max-width:1024px){.hide-on-tablet{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:1025px){.hide-on-desktop{display:none!important}}body{background-color:var(--base-2);color:var(--contrast)}a{color:var(--accent)}a{text-decoration:underline}.entry-title a,.site-branding a,a.button,.wp-block-button__link,.main-navigation a{text-decoration:none}a:hover,a:focus,a:active{color:var(--contrast)}.grid-container{max-width:850px}.wp-block-group__inner-container{max-width:850px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}:root{--contrast:#222;--contrast-2:#575760;--contrast-3:#b2b2be;--base:#f0f0f0;--base-2:#f7f8f9;--base-3:#fff;--accent:#1e73be}:root .has-contrast-color{color:var(--contrast)}:root .has-contrast-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast)}:root .has-contrast-2-color{color:var(--contrast-2)}:root .has-contrast-2-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-2)}:root .has-contrast-3-color{color:var(--contrast-3)}:root .has-contrast-3-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-3)}:root .has-base-color{color:var(--base)}:root .has-base-background-color{background-color:var(--base)}:root .has-base-2-color{color:var(--base-2)}:root .has-base-2-background-color{background-color:var(--base-2)}:root .has-base-3-color{color:var(--base-3)}:root .has-base-3-background-color{background-color:var(--base-3)}:root .has-accent-color{color:var(--accent)}:root .has-accent-background-color{background-color:var(--accent)}h2{font-family:Arial;font-size:20px}h1.entry-title{font-family:Arial;font-size:20px}h2.entry-title{font-family:Arial;font-size:20px}h1{font-family:Arial;font-weight:700;font-size:20px}.main-title{font-family:Arial;font-size:20px}.top-bar{background-color:#636363;color:#fff}.top-bar a{color:#fff}.top-bar a:hover{color:#303030}.site-header{background-color:var(--base-3)}.main-title a,.main-title a:hover{color:var(--contrast)}.site-description{color:var(--contrast-2)}.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle,.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle:hover,.mobile-menu-control-wrapper .menu-toggle:focus,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.toggled{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.02)}.main-navigation,.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:var(--base-3)}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.main-navigation .menu-bar-items{color:var(--contrast)}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*=current-menu-]):hover>a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*=current-menu-]):focus>a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover:not([class*=current-menu-])>a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover>a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover>a{color:var(--accent)}button.menu-toggle:hover,button.menu-toggle:focus{color:var(--contrast)}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*=current-menu-]>a{color:var(--accent)}.navigation-search input[type=search],.navigation-search input[type=search]:active,.navigation-search input[type=search]:focus,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li.search-item.active>a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item.active>a{color:var(--accent)}.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:var(--base)}.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .page-header,.one-container .container,.separate-containers .paging-navigation,.inside-page-header{background-color:var(--base-3)}.entry-title a{color:var(--contrast)}.entry-title a:hover{color:var(--contrast-2)}.entry-meta{color:var(--contrast-2)}.sidebar .widget{background-color:var(--base-3)}.footer-widgets{background-color:var(--base-3)}.site-info{background-color:var(--base-3)}input[type=text],input[type=email],input[type=url],input[type=password],input[type=search],input[type=tel],input[type=number],textarea,select{color:var(--contrast);background-color:var(--base-2);border-color:var(--base)}input[type=text]:focus,input[type=email]:focus,input[type=url]:focus,input[type=password]:focus,input[type=search]:focus,input[type=tel]:focus,input[type=number]:focus,textarea:focus,select:focus{color:var(--contrast);background-color:var(--base-2);border-color:var(--contrast-3)}button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit],a.button,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background){color:#fff;background-color:#55555e}button:hover,html input[type=button]:hover,input[type=reset]:hover,input[type=submit]:hover,a.button:hover,button:focus,html input[type=button]:focus,input[type=reset]:focus,input[type=submit]:focus,a.button:focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):active,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):hover{color:#fff;background-color:#3f4047}a.generate-back-to-top{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.4);color:#fff}a.generate-back-to-top:hover,a.generate-back-to-top:focus{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);color:#fff}:root{--gp-search-modal-bg-color:var(--base-3);--gp-search-modal-text-color:var(--contrast);--gp-search-modal-overlay-bg-color:rgba(0,0,0,.2)}@media (max-width:850px){.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover>a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover>a{background:0 0;color:var(--contrast)}}.inside-top-bar.grid-container{max-width:930px}.inside-header{padding:0 30px}.inside-header.grid-container{max-width:910px}.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .page-header,.separate-containers .paging-navigation,.one-container .site-content,.inside-page-header{padding:10px 20px}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:10px 20px}.separate-containers .paging-navigation{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.entry-content .alignwide,body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-20px;width:calc(100% + 40px);max-width:calc(100% + 40px)}.one-container.right-sidebar .site-main,.one-container.both-right .site-main{margin-right:20px}.one-container.left-sidebar .site-main,.one-container.both-left .site-main{margin-left:20px}.one-container.both-sidebars .site-main{margin:0 20px}.sidebar .widget,.page-header,.widget-area .main-navigation,.site-main>*{margin-bottom:10px}.separate-containers .site-main{margin:10px}.both-right .inside-left-sidebar,.both-left .inside-left-sidebar{margin-right:5px}.both-right .inside-right-sidebar,.both-left .inside-right-sidebar{margin-left:5px}.one-container.archive .post:not(:last-child):not(.is-loop-template-item),.one-container.blog .post:not(:last-child):not(.is-loop-template-item){padding-bottom:10px}.separate-containers .featured-image{margin-top:10px}.separate-containers .inside-right-sidebar,.separate-containers .inside-left-sidebar{margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.menu-toggle,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item>a{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;line-height:26px}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{padding:50px 10px}.main-navigation ul ul{width:100px}.navigation-search input[type=search]{height:26px}.rtl .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:10px}.menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-right:10px}.menu-item-has-children ul .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:50px;margin-top:-50px}.rtl .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children>a{padding-right:10px}.widget-area .widget{padding:10px}.footer-widgets-container.grid-container{max-width:930px}.inside-site-info.grid-container{max-width:930px}@media (max-width:768px){.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .page-header,.separate-containers .paging-navigation,.one-container .site-content,.inside-page-header{padding:10px 20px}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:10px 20px}.inside-top-bar{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px}.inside-header{padding-top:0;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:30px}.widget-area .widget{padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0}.footer-widgets-container{padding-top:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px}.inside-site-info{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px}.entry-content .alignwide,body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-20px;width:calc(100% + 40px);max-width:calc(100% + 40px)}.one-container .site-main .paging-navigation{margin-bottom:10px}}.is-right-sidebar{width:15%}.is-left-sidebar{width:15%}.site-content .content-area{width:100%}@media (max-width:850px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.sidebar-nav-mobile:not(#sticky-placeholder){display:block}.main-navigation ul,.gen-sidebar-nav,.main-navigation:not(.slideout-navigation):not(.toggled) .main-nav>ul,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation .inside-navigation>*:not(.navigation-search):not(.main-nav){display:none}.nav-align-right .inside-navigation,.nav-align-center .inside-navigation{justify-content:space-between}}.dynamic-author-image-rounded{border-radius:100%}.dynamic-featured-image,.dynamic-author-image{vertical-align:middle}.one-container.blog .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child),.one-container.archive .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:0}.dynamic-entry-excerpt>p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav>ul{background-color:var(--base-3)}.sticky-enabled .gen-sidebar-nav.is_stuck .main-navigation{margin-bottom:0}.sticky-enabled .gen-sidebar-nav.is_stuck{z-index:500}.sticky-enabled .main-navigation.is_stuck{box-shadow:0 2px 2px -2px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.navigation-stick:not(.gen-sidebar-nav){left:0;right:0;width:100% !important}.nav-float-right .navigation-stick{width:100% !important;left:0}.nav-float-right .navigation-stick .navigation-branding{margin-right:auto}.main-navigation.has-sticky-branding:not(.grid-container) .inside-navigation:not(.grid-container) .navigation-branding{margin-left:10px}@media (max-width:850px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item>a{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item>a{line-height:20px}.main-navigation .site-logo.navigation-logo img,.mobile-header-navigation .site-logo.mobile-header-logo img,.navigation-search input[type=search]{height:20px}}.post-image:not(:first-child),.page-content:not(:first-child),.entry-content:not(:first-child),.entry-summary:not(:first-child),footer.entry-meta{margin-top:1em}.post-image-above-header .inside-article div.featured-image,.post-image-above-header .inside-article div.post-image{margin-bottom:1em}.main-navigation.slideout-navigation .main-nav>ul>li>a{line-height:30px}.main-navigation.offside{position:fixed;width:var(--gp-slideout-width);height:100%;height:100vh;top:0;z-index:9999;overflow:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.offside,.offside--left{left:calc(var(--gp-slideout-width)*-1)}.offside--right{left:auto;right:calc(var(--gp-slideout-width)*-1)}.offside--left.is-open:not(.slideout-transition),.offside-js--is-left .offside-sliding-element{transform:translate3d(var(--gp-slideout-width),0,0)}.offside--right.is-open:not(.slideout-transition),.offside-js--is-right .offside-sliding-element{transform:translate3d(calc(var(--gp-slideout-width)*-1),0,0)}.offside-js--interact .offside,.offside-js--interact .offside-sliding-element{transition:transform .2s cubic-bezier(.16,.68,.43,.99);-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-perspective:1000}.offside-js--init{overflow-x:hidden}.no-csstransforms3d .offside{transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.no-csstransforms3d .offside-sliding-element{overflow-x:hidden;position:relative}.no-csstransforms3d .offside--left.is-open{left:0}.no-csstransforms3d .offside--right.is-open{right:0}.no-csstransforms3d>.offside-js--is-left .offside-sliding-element{right:calc(var(--gp-slideout-width)*-1)}.no-csstransforms3d>.offside-js--is-right .offside-sliding-element{left:calc(var(--gp-slideout-width)*-1)}.slideout-navigation.main-navigation:not(.is-open):not(.slideout-transition){display:none}.slideout-navigation.main-navigation:not(.slideout-transition).do-overlay{opacity:1}.slideout-navigation.main-navigation.slideout-transition.do-overlay{opacity:0}.slideout-overlay{z-index:100000;position:fixed;width:100%;height:100%;height:100vh;min-height:100%;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);visibility:hidden;opacity:0;cursor:pointer;transition:visibility .2s ease,opacity .2s ease}.offside-js--is-open .slideout-overlay{visibility:visible;opacity:1}.slideout-overlay button.slideout-exit{position:fixed;top:0;background-color:transparent;color:#fff;font-size:30px;border:0;opacity:0}.slide-opened .slideout-overlay button.slideout-exit{opacity:1}button.slideout-exit:hover{background-color:transparent}.slideout-navigation button.slideout-exit{background:0 0;width:100%;text-align:left;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px;box-sizing:border-box;border:0}.slide-opened nav.toggled .menu-toggle:before{content:"\f0c9"}.offside-js--is-left.slide-opened .slideout-overlay button.slideout-exit{left:calc(var(--gp-slideout-width) - 5px)}.offside-js--is-right.slide-opened .slideout-overlay button.slideout-exit{right:calc(var(--gp-slideout-width) - 5px)}.slideout-widget{margin:20px}.slideout-navigation .main-nav,.slideout-navigation .slideout-widget:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:40px}.slideout-navigation:not(.do-overlay) .main-nav{width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.slideout-navigation .mega-menu>ul>li{display:block;width:100%!important}.slideout-navigation .slideout-menu{display:block}#generate-slideout-menu{z-index:100001}#generate-slideout-menu .slideout-menu li{float:none;width:100%;clear:both;text-align:left}.slideout-navigation .slideout-widget li{float:none}#generate-slideout-menu.do-overlay li{text-align:center}#generate-slideout-menu.main-navigation ul ul{display:none}#generate-slideout-menu.main-navigation ul ul.toggled-on{display:block!important}#generate-slideout-menu .slideout-menu li.sfHover>ul,#generate-slideout-menu .slideout-menu li:hover>ul{display:none}#generate-slideout-menu.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul{position:relative;top:0;left:0;width:100%}.slideout-toggle:not(.has-svg-icon) a:before{content:"\f0c9";font-family:'GP Premium';line-height:1em;width:1.28571429em;text-align:center;display:inline-block;position:relative;top:1px}.slide-opened .slideout-exit:not(.has-svg-icon):before,.slideout-navigation button.slideout-exit:not(.has-svg-icon):before{content:"\f00d";font-family:'GP Premium';line-height:1em;width:1.28571429em;text-align:center;display:inline-block}#generate-slideout-menu li.menu-item-float-right{float:none!important;display:inline-block;width:auto}.rtl .slideout-navigation{position:fixed}.slideout-navigation .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{float:right}.slideout-navigation .slideout-widget .menu li{float:none}.slideout-navigation .slideout-widget ul{display:block}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay{transform:none!important;transition:opacity .2s,visibility .2s;width:100%;text-align:center;left:0;right:0}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .inside-navigation{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:10% 10% 0;max-width:700px}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .inside-navigation .main-nav,.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .inside-navigation .slideout-widget{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;min-width:250px}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .slideout-exit{position:fixed;right:0;top:0;width:auto;font-size:25px}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .slideout-menu li a{display:inline-block}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .slideout-menu li{margin-bottom:5px}#generate-slideout-menu.do-overlay .slideout-menu li,.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .inside-navigation{text-align:center}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{border-left:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.07);padding:0 10px;margin:0 0 0 10px}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay ul ul{box-shadow:0 0 0}.nav-aligned-center .slideout-navigation,.nav-aligned-right .slideout-navigation{text-align:left}.slideout-navigation .sfHover>a>.dropdown-menu-toggle>.gp-icon svg{transform:rotate(180deg)}.slideout-navigation .sub-menu .dropdown-menu-toggle .gp-icon svg{transform:rotate(0)}.slideout-both .main-navigation.toggled .main-nav>ul,.slideout-desktop .main-navigation.toggled .main-nav li.slideout-toggle,.slideout-mobile .main-navigation.toggled .main-nav>ul{display:none!important}.slideout-both .has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.toggled,.slideout-mobile .has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation.toggled{margin-top:0}.sf-menu>li.slideout-toggle{float:right}.gen-sidebar-nav .sf-menu>li.slideout-toggle{float:none}.off-canvas-toggle-label{padding-left:7px}.gp-icon+.off-canvas-toggle-label{padding-left:9px}@media (max-width:768px){.slideout-overlay button.slideout-exit{font-size:20px;padding:10px}.slideout-overlay{top:-100px;height:calc(100% + 100px);height:calc(100vh + 100px);min-height:calc(100% + 100px)}.slideout-navigation.do-overlay .slideout-exit{position:static;text-align:center}}:root{--gp-slideout-width:265px}.slideout-navigation,.slideout-navigation a{color:var(--contrast)}.slideout-navigation button.slideout-exit{color:var(--contrast);padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}.slide-opened nav.toggled .menu-toggle:before{display:none}@media (max-width:850px){.menu-bar-item.slideout-toggle{display:none}}.navigation-branding,.site-logo.mobile-header-logo{display:flex;align-items:center;order:0;margin-right:10px}.navigation-branding img,.site-logo.mobile-header-logo img{position:relative;padding:10px 0;display:block;transition:height .3s ease}.navigation-branding>div+.main-title{margin-left:10px}.navigation-branding .main-title{transition:line-height .3s ease}.navigation-branding .main-title a{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;text-transform:unset}.main-navigation.mobile-header-navigation{display:none;float:none;margin-bottom:0}.mobile-header-navigation.is_stuck{box-shadow:0 2px 2px -2px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.main-navigation .menu-toggle{flex-grow:1;width:auto}.main-navigation.has-branding .menu-toggle,.main-navigation.has-sticky-branding.navigation-stick .menu-toggle{flex-grow:0;padding-right:20px;order:2}.main-navigation:not(.slideout-navigation) .mobile-bar-items+.menu-toggle{text-align:left}.main-navigation.has-sticky-branding:not(.has-branding):not(.navigation-stick) .navigation-branding{display:none}.nav-align-right .navigation-branding{margin-right:auto}.main-navigation.has-branding:not([class*=nav-align-]):not(.mobile-header-navigation) .inside-navigation,.main-navigation.has-sticky-branding.navigation-stick:not([class*=nav-align-]):not(.mobile-header-navigation) .inside-navigation{justify-content:flex-start}.main-navigation.has-branding:not([class*=nav-align-]):not(.mobile-header-navigation) .menu-bar-items,.main-navigation.has-sticky-branding.navigation-stick:not([class*=nav-align-]):not(.mobile-header-navigation) .menu-bar-items{margin-left:auto}.nav-float-right .main-navigation.has-branding:not(.mobile-header-navigation) .menu-bar-items,.nav-float-right .main-navigation.has-sticky-branding.navigation-stick:not(.mobile-header-navigation) .menu-bar-items{margin-left:0}.mobile-header-navigation.has-menu-bar-items .mobile-header-logo{margin-right:auto}.rtl .navigation-branding>div+.main-title{margin-right:10px}.rtl .main-navigation.nav-align-right:not(.mobile-header-navigation) .navigation-branding{order:-10}.rtl .nav-align-right .navigation-branding{margin-right:10px}.rtl .navigation-branding,.rtl .site-logo.mobile-header-logo{margin-left:auto;margin-right:0}.rtl .nav-align-center .navigation-branding,.rtl .nav-align-center .site-logo.mobile-header-logo,.rtl .nav-align-right .navigation-branding,.rtl .nav-align-right .site-logo.mobile-header-logo{margin-left:10px}.rtl .nav-align-right .menu-bar-items{margin-right:auto}.rtl .mobile-header-navigation.has-menu-bar-items .site-logo{margin-left:auto}@media (max-width:850px){.site-header,#site-navigation,#sticky-navigation{display:none !important;opacity:.0}#mobile-header{display:block !important;width:100% !important}#mobile-header .main-nav>ul{display:none}#mobile-header.toggled .main-nav>ul,#mobile-header .menu-toggle,#mobile-header .mobile-bar-items{display:block}#mobile-header .main-nav{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:5;-ms-flex-order:4;order:4}}.main-navigation.has-branding.grid-container .navigation-branding,.main-navigation.has-branding:not(.grid-container) .inside-navigation:not(.grid-container) .navigation-branding{margin-left:10px}.navigation-branding img,.site-logo.mobile-header-logo img{height:26px;width:auto}.navigation-branding .main-title{line-height:26px}@media (max-width:860px){#site-navigation .navigation-branding,#sticky-navigation .navigation-branding{margin-left:10px}}@media (max-width:850px){.main-navigation.has-branding.nav-align-center .menu-bar-items,.main-navigation.has-sticky-branding.navigation-stick.nav-align-center .menu-bar-items{margin-left:auto}.navigation-branding{margin-right:auto;margin-left:10px}.navigation-branding .main-title,.mobile-header-navigation .site-logo{margin-left:10px}.navigation-branding img,.site-logo.mobile-header-logo{height:20px}.navigation-branding .main-title{line-height:20px}}
Boyut Azaltılmış Temel Bileşenler ve Lasso Regresyonları Kullanılarak Spektral Veri Tabanlı Bazı Kimyasal Özelliklerin Belirlenmesi Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 749 – 756, 24.07.2024
Ufuk Karadavut , Ömer Sözen
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1441357
Öz Büyüme, gelişme ve farklılaşma canlıların hayatları boyunca sürekli olarak yaşadıkları fizyolojik değişimlerdir. Özellikle bitkilerde bu kendisini farklı şekil ve boyutlarda gösterebilmektedir. Ekolojik faktörler yaşanan fizyolojik değişimleri yönlendirebilmektedir. Bunun içinde ekolojik faktörlerin özellikle belirlenmesi ve etkilerinin incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Faktörlerin ve etkilerinin belirlenebilmesi için çok farklı yöntemler kullanılabilmektedir. Özellikle çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemler ile regresyon analizleri bu konuda bizlere yol gösterici olmakta ve çok değerli bilgiler verebilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada baklagil tarımı yapılan topraklardan alınan örneklerin spektral analiz yöntemi ile elde edilen verileri Boyut Azaltılmış Temel Bileşenler ve Lasso Regresyonları Kullanılarak özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kırşehir ilinde yürütülen bu çalışmada kil miktarı, organik madde miktarı, pH, fosfor (P), potasyum (K), kalsiyum (Ca) ve magnezyumun (Mg) miktarlarına bakılmıştır. Spektral verileri ise Vis-NIR ve XRF cihazları kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu verilerden yararlanılarak verilerin modellenmesi işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizlerin tümü R project programında yapılmıştır. Elbow kuralı, temel hata kareler ortalamasını (RMSE) en aza indirmek için kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak spektral analiz sonuçlarının kullanılmasının kişiye bağlılığı azaltabileceği gibi ciddi tasarruf sağlayabilecek nitelikte bulunmuştur. Ancak bu konuda çok daha fazla çalışmanın yapılması ileriye yönelik olarak yapılacak çalışmalarda hata payının azaltılmasına katkı sağlayabilecektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Spektral Analiz, Temel Bileşenler Analizi, Losso Regresyon Toprak Özellikleri, Besin Maddeleri
Kaynakça Aldemir, Ö. ve Ceyhan, E. 2015. Salinity response of some chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes in germination and seedling growth of periods. 17th International Conference on Agricultural Engineering, Roma, WASET, ICAE 2015, 17: 668-674. Balaban, M. ve Adak, M. S. 2024. Farklı tohum yatağı hazırlığı ve taban gübrelerin nohut verim ve verim öğeleri üzerine etkisi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 11 (1): 36-48 s. Baumann, D. T., Bastiaans, L., Goudriaan, J., van Laar, H. H. ve Kropff, M. J. 2002. Analysing crop yield and plant quality in an intercropping system using an eco-physiological model for interplant competition. Agricultural Systems, 73 (2): 173-203 p. Bellon-Maurel, V., Fernandez-Ahumada, E., Palagos, B., Roger, J. M. ve McBratney, A. 2010. Critical review of chemometric indicators commonly used for assessing the quality of the prediction of soil attributes by NIR spectroscopy. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem., 29: 1073-1081 p. Benedet, L., Faria, W. M., Silva, S. H. G., Mancini, M., Demattê, J. A. M., Guilherme, L. R. G. ve Curi, N. 2020. Taşınabilir X-ışını floresans spektrometrisi ve görünür yakın kızılötesi dağınık yansıma spektroskopisi kullanılarak toprak dokusu tahmini. Geoderma, 376: 114553. Bholowalia, P. ve Kumar, A. 2014. EBK-Means: A clustering technique based on elbow method and K-Means in WSN. International Journal of Computer Applications, 105 (9): 17-24 p. Biancolillo, A. ve Marini, F. 2018. Chemometrics applied to plant spectral analysis. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, 80: 69-104 p. Brewin, N. J. 2004. Plant cell wall remodelling in the rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 23 (4): 293-316 p. Caetano-Anoll´es, G. ve Gresshoff, P. M. 1991. Plant genetic control of nodulation. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 45: 345-382 p. Demirkaya, S. ve Öztürk, E. 2022. Buğdayda verim ve verimin miktarına toprak etkisi. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 10 (2): 159-164 s. Doğan, Y., Ertaş, M. ve Doğan, S. 2023. Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) çeşitlerinin Mardin-Kızıltepe ve Şanlıurfa-Bozova koşullarında verim ve verim unsurları bakımından değerlendirilmesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 10 (3): 739-749 s. Diks, C. G. ve Vrugt, J. A. 2010. Comparison of point forecast accuracy of model averaging methods in hydrologic applications. Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess., 24: 809-820 p. Draper, N. R. ve Smith, H. 1998. Applied Regression Analysis. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. Düzgüneş, O. ve Akman, N. 1985. Varyasyon Kaynakları. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ankara. Elvidge, C. D. ve Lyon, R. J. P. 1985. Influence of rock-soil spectral variation on the assessment of green biomass, Remote Sensing of Environment, 17 (3): 265-279 p. Ferguson, B. J., Indrasumunar, A., Hayashi, S., Lin, M. H., Lin, Y. H., Reid D. E. ve Gresshoff, P. M. 2010. Molecular analysis of legume nodule development and autoregulation. J. Integr. Plant Biol., 52 (1): 61-76 p. Gage, D. J. 2004. Infection and invasion of roots by symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia during nodulation of temperate legumes. Microbiol Molecular Biol Rev., 68 (2): 280-300 p. He, T., Wang, J., Lin, Z. ve Cheng, Y. 2000. Spectral features of soil organic matter. Geo-spat. Inf. Sci., 12: 33-40 p. Heinze, S., Vohland, M., Joergensen, R. G. ve Ludwig, B. 2013. Usefulness of near infrared spectroscopy for the prediction of chemical and biological soil properties in different longterm experiments. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 176 (4): 520-528 p. Kacar, B. 2012. Temel Bitki Besleme. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara. Kotthoff, L., Thornton, C., Hoos, H. H., Hutter, F. ve Leyton-Brown, K. 2019. Auto-WEKA: Automatic model selection and hyperparameter optimization in WEKA. In Automated Machine Learning, 81-95 p. Kuang, B., Mahmood, H. S., Quraishi, M. Z., Hoogmoed, W. B., Mouazen, A. M. ve Van Henten, E. J. 2012. Sensing soil properties in the laboratory, in situ, and on-line: A review. In Advances in Agronomy; Sparks, D.L., Ed.; Academic Press: London, UK, 155-223. Melkumova, L. E. ve Shatskikh, S. 2017. Comparing ridge and LASSO estimators for data analysis. Procedia Engineering, 201: 746-755 p. Molin, J. P. ve Tavares, T. R. 2019. Sensor systems for mapping soil fertility attributes: Challenges, Advances, and Perspectives in Brazilian Tropical Soils. Eng. Agrícola, 39: 126-147 p. Nawar, S., Delbecque, N., Declercq, Y., De Smedt, P., Finke, P., Verdoodt, A. ve Mouazen, A. M. 2019. Can spectral analyses improve measurement of key soil fertility parameters with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry? Geoderma, 350: 29-39 p. O’Rourke, S. M., Stockmann, U., Holden, N. M., McBratney, A. B. ve Minasny, B. 2016. An assessment of model averaging to improve predictive power of portable vis-NIR and XRF for the determination of agronomic soil properties. Geoderma, 279: 31-44 p. Öztürk, E. 2021. Toprak analizleri ve yorumlanması. Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü.https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/Toprak_Analizleri_ve_Yorumlanmasi.pdf. Palacios-Orueta, A. ve Ustin, S. L. 1996. Multivariate classification of soil spectra. Remote Sens. Environ, 57: 108-118. Parat, C., Chaussod, R., Leveque, J., Dousset, S. ve Andreux, F. 2002. The relationship between copper accumulated in vineyard calcareous soils and soil organic matter and iron. European Journal of Soil Science, 53 (4): 663-669 p. Pasquini, C. 2018. Near infrared spectroscopy: A mature analytical technique with new perspectives–A review. Anal. Chim. Acta., 1026: 8-36 p. Rossel, R. A., Behrens, T., Ben-Dor, E., Brown, D.J., Demattê, J. A. M., Shepherd, K. D., Shi, Z., Stenberg, B., Stevens, A., Adamchuk, V., Aïchi, H., Barthès, B. G, Bartholomeus, H. M., Bayer, A. D., Bernoux, M., Böttcher, K., Brodský, ., Du, C. W., Chappell, A., Fouad,Y., Genot, V., Gomez, C., Grunwald, S., Gubler, A., Guerrero, C., Hedley, C. B., Knadel, M., Morrás, H. J. M., Nocita, M., Ramirez-Lopez, L., Roudier, P., Rufasto Campos, E. M., Sanborn, P., Sellitto, V. M., Sudduth, K. A., Rawlins, B. G., Walter, C., Winowiecki, L. A., Hong, S. Y. ve Ji, W. 2016. A global spectral library to characterize the world's soil. Earth-Science Reviews, 155: 198-230 p, Robertson, J. G. ve Lyttleton, P. 1984. Division of peri bacteroid membranes in root nodules of white clover. J. Cell Sci., 69: 147-157 p. Rossel, R. A. V., Cattle, S. R., Ortega, A. ve Fouad, Y. 2009. In situ measurements of soil color, mineral composition and clay content by vis–NIR spectroscopy. Geoderma, 150 (3-4): 253-266 p, Rossel, V. R. A. ve Webster, R. 2011. Discrimination of Australian soil horizons and classes from their visible–near infrared spectra. Eur. Journal Soil Sci., 62 (4): 637-647 p. Rossel, V. R. A., Adamchuk, V. I., Sudduth, K. A., McKenzie, N. J. ve Lobsey, C. 2011. Proximal soil sensing: An effective approach for soil measurements in space and time. In Advances in Agronomy; Sparks, D.L., Ed.; Academic Press: London, UK, 2011; pp. 243-291 p. Saygın, S. D. ve Aydın, M. 2023. Toprak ve Su Koruma. Nobel Yayınları, Yayın No: 5051, Ankara. Sharma, A., Weindorf, D. C., Man, T. ve Aldabaa, A. A. A. 2014. Chakraborty, S. Characterizing soils via portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer: 3, Soil reaction (pH). Geoderma, 232: 141-147 p. Shedecor, G. W. ve Cochran, W. G. 1989. Staistical Methods. 8nd ed. Iowa State Univ Press. Silva, S. H. G., Teixeira, A. F. D. S., Menezes, M. D. D., Guilherme, L. R. G., Moreira, F. M. D. S. ve Curi, N. 2017. Multiple linear regression and random forest to predict and map soil properties using data from portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Ciência Agrotecnol, 41: 648-664 p. Sözen, Ö. ve Yağmur, M. 2021. Kırşehir ekolojik koşullarında bazı mercimek (Lens culinaris L.) çeşitlerinin tarımsal özelliklerinin ve özellikler arası ilişkilerin belirlenmesi. 21. Yüzyılda Fen ve Teknik Dergisi, 8 (15): 15-32 s. Sözen, Ö. ve Uçar, S. 2022. Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Yetiştiriciliği. Yemeklik Tane Baklagil Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı. Editör: Prof. Dr. Tolga Karaköy. İksad Yayınları. Urbano, G., Porres, J. M., Frias, J. ve Concepeio, V. V. 2007. Nutritional Value. Lentil. S. Yadav, D. McNeil and P. Stevenson, 47-93, Springer Netherlands. Uzun Kayıs, S. ve Ceyhan, E. 2015. Salinity tolerance during germination and seedling growth of some lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) cultivars. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 29 (1): 15-24 p. Wang, D., Chakraborty, S., Weindorf, D. C., Li, B., Sharma, A., Paul, S. ve Ali, N. 2015. Synthesized use of VisNIR DRS and PXRF for soil characterization: Total carbon and total nitrogen. Geoderma, 243-244, 157-167. Wei, M. C. F., Canal Filho, R., Tavares, T. R., Molin, J. P. ve Vieira, A. M. C. 2022. Dimensionality reduction statistical models for soil attribute prediction based on raw spectral data. AI, 3: 809-819. Weih, M., Westerbergh, A. ve Lundquist, P. O. 2017. Role of nutrient-efficient plants for improving crop yields: bridging plant ecology, physiology, and molecular biology. Chapter 2. In Plant Macronutrient Use Efficiency. Editor(s): Mohammad Anwar Hossain, Takehiro Kamiya, David J. Burritt, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Toru Fujiwara, Academic Press, 31-44 p. Wijewardane, N. K., Ge, Y. ve Morgan, C. L. S. 2016a. Moisture insensitive prediction of soil properties from VNIR reflectance spectra based on external parameter orthogonalization. Geoderma, 267: 92-101 p. Wijewardane, N. K., Ge, Y. ve Morgan, C. L. S. 2016b. Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon at different moisture contents with dry ground VNIR: a comparative study of different approaches. European Journal of Soil Science, 67 (5): 605-615 p. Wollenhaupt, N. C., Wolkowski, R. P. ve Clayton, M. K. 1994. Mapping soil test phosphorus and potassium for variable-rate fertilizer application. J. Prod. Agric., 7: 441-448 p. Yano, K., Yoshida, S., Muller, J., Singh, S., Banba, M., Vickers, K., Markmann, K., White, C., Schuller, B., Sato, S., Asamizu, E., Tabata, S., Murooka, Y., Perry, J., Wang, T. L., Kawaguchi, M., Imaizumi- Anraku, H., Hayashi, M. ve Parniske, M. 2008. CYCLOPS, a mediator of symbiotic intracellular accommodation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 105: 20540-20545.
As Spectral Database-Based Determination of Some Chemical Properties Using Dimensionally Reduced Principal Components and Lasso Regressions Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 749 – 756, 24.07.2024
Ufuk Karadavut , Ömer Sözen
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1441357
Öz Growth, development and differentiation are physiological changes that living things constantly experience throughout their lives. Especially in plants, this can manifest itself in different shapes and sizes. Ecological factors can direct the physiological changes experienced. For this purpose, ecological factors must be specifically identified and their effects examined. Many different methods can be used to determine factors and their effects. In particular, multivariate statistical methods and regression analyzes guide us in this regard and can provide very valuable information. In this study, it was aimed to determine the properties of samples taken from legume cultivated lands using the data obtained by the spectral analysis method using Dimensionally Reduced Principal Components and Lasso Regressions. In this study conducted in Kırşehir province, the amount of clay, amount of organic matter, pH, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were examined. Spectral data were obtained using Vis-NIR and XRF devices. Modeling of the data was carried out by using the data obtained. All analyzes were made in the R project program. Elbow rule was used to minimize the basic mean square error (RMSE). As a result, it has been found that the use of spectral analysis results can reduce personal dependence and provide serious savings. However, conducting more studies on this subject may contribute to reducing the margin of error in future studies.
Anahtar Kelimeler Spectral Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Losso Regression Soil Properties, Plants Nutrients
Kaynakça Aldemir, Ö. ve Ceyhan, E. 2015. Salinity response of some chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes in germination and seedling growth of periods. 17th International Conference on Agricultural Engineering, Roma, WASET, ICAE 2015, 17: 668-674. Balaban, M. ve Adak, M. S. 2024. Farklı tohum yatağı hazırlığı ve taban gübrelerin nohut verim ve verim öğeleri üzerine etkisi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 11 (1): 36-48 s. Baumann, D. T., Bastiaans, L., Goudriaan, J., van Laar, H. H. ve Kropff, M. J. 2002. Analysing crop yield and plant quality in an intercropping system using an eco-physiological model for interplant competition. Agricultural Systems, 73 (2): 173-203 p. Bellon-Maurel, V., Fernandez-Ahumada, E., Palagos, B., Roger, J. M. ve McBratney, A. 2010. Critical review of chemometric indicators commonly used for assessing the quality of the prediction of soil attributes by NIR spectroscopy. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem., 29: 1073-1081 p. Benedet, L., Faria, W. M., Silva, S. H. G., Mancini, M., Demattê, J. A. M., Guilherme, L. R. G. ve Curi, N. 2020. Taşınabilir X-ışını floresans spektrometrisi ve görünür yakın kızılötesi dağınık yansıma spektroskopisi kullanılarak toprak dokusu tahmini. Geoderma, 376: 114553. Bholowalia, P. ve Kumar, A. 2014. EBK-Means: A clustering technique based on elbow method and K-Means in WSN. International Journal of Computer Applications, 105 (9): 17-24 p. Biancolillo, A. ve Marini, F. 2018. Chemometrics applied to plant spectral analysis. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, 80: 69-104 p. Brewin, N. J. 2004. Plant cell wall remodelling in the rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 23 (4): 293-316 p. Caetano-Anoll´es, G. ve Gresshoff, P. M. 1991. Plant genetic control of nodulation. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 45: 345-382 p. Demirkaya, S. ve Öztürk, E. 2022. Buğdayda verim ve verimin miktarına toprak etkisi. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 10 (2): 159-164 s. Doğan, Y., Ertaş, M. ve Doğan, S. 2023. Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) çeşitlerinin Mardin-Kızıltepe ve Şanlıurfa-Bozova koşullarında verim ve verim unsurları bakımından değerlendirilmesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 10 (3): 739-749 s. Diks, C. G. ve Vrugt, J. A. 2010. Comparison of point forecast accuracy of model averaging methods in hydrologic applications. Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess., 24: 809-820 p. Draper, N. R. ve Smith, H. 1998. Applied Regression Analysis. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. Düzgüneş, O. ve Akman, N. 1985. Varyasyon Kaynakları. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ankara. Elvidge, C. D. ve Lyon, R. J. P. 1985. Influence of rock-soil spectral variation on the assessment of green biomass, Remote Sensing of Environment, 17 (3): 265-279 p. Ferguson, B. J., Indrasumunar, A., Hayashi, S., Lin, M. H., Lin, Y. H., Reid D. E. ve Gresshoff, P. M. 2010. Molecular analysis of legume nodule development and autoregulation. J. Integr. Plant Biol., 52 (1): 61-76 p. Gage, D. J. 2004. Infection and invasion of roots by symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia during nodulation of temperate legumes. Microbiol Molecular Biol Rev., 68 (2): 280-300 p. He, T., Wang, J., Lin, Z. ve Cheng, Y. 2000. Spectral features of soil organic matter. Geo-spat. Inf. Sci., 12: 33-40 p. Heinze, S., Vohland, M., Joergensen, R. G. ve Ludwig, B. 2013. Usefulness of near infrared spectroscopy for the prediction of chemical and biological soil properties in different longterm experiments. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 176 (4): 520-528 p. Kacar, B. 2012. Temel Bitki Besleme. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara. Kotthoff, L., Thornton, C., Hoos, H. H., Hutter, F. ve Leyton-Brown, K. 2019. Auto-WEKA: Automatic model selection and hyperparameter optimization in WEKA. In Automated Machine Learning, 81-95 p. Kuang, B., Mahmood, H. S., Quraishi, M. Z., Hoogmoed, W. B., Mouazen, A. M. ve Van Henten, E. J. 2012. Sensing soil properties in the laboratory, in situ, and on-line: A review. In Advances in Agronomy; Sparks, D.L., Ed.; Academic Press: London, UK, 155-223. Melkumova, L. E. ve Shatskikh, S. 2017. Comparing ridge and LASSO estimators for data analysis. Procedia Engineering, 201: 746-755 p. Molin, J. P. ve Tavares, T. R. 2019. Sensor systems for mapping soil fertility attributes: Challenges, Advances, and Perspectives in Brazilian Tropical Soils. Eng. Agrícola, 39: 126-147 p. Nawar, S., Delbecque, N., Declercq, Y., De Smedt, P., Finke, P., Verdoodt, A. ve Mouazen, A. M. 2019. Can spectral analyses improve measurement of key soil fertility parameters with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry? Geoderma, 350: 29-39 p. O’Rourke, S. M., Stockmann, U., Holden, N. M., McBratney, A. B. ve Minasny, B. 2016. An assessment of model averaging to improve predictive power of portable vis-NIR and XRF for the determination of agronomic soil properties. Geoderma, 279: 31-44 p. Öztürk, E. 2021. Toprak analizleri ve yorumlanması. Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü.https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/Toprak_Analizleri_ve_Yorumlanmasi.pdf. Palacios-Orueta, A. ve Ustin, S. L. 1996. Multivariate classification of soil spectra. Remote Sens. Environ, 57: 108-118. Parat, C., Chaussod, R., Leveque, J., Dousset, S. ve Andreux, F. 2002. The relationship between copper accumulated in vineyard calcareous soils and soil organic matter and iron. European Journal of Soil Science, 53 (4): 663-669 p. Pasquini, C. 2018. Near infrared spectroscopy: A mature analytical technique with new perspectives–A review. Anal. Chim. Acta., 1026: 8-36 p. Rossel, R. A., Behrens, T., Ben-Dor, E., Brown, D.J., Demattê, J. A. M., Shepherd, K. D., Shi, Z., Stenberg, B., Stevens, A., Adamchuk, V., Aïchi, H., Barthès, B. G, Bartholomeus, H. M., Bayer, A. D., Bernoux, M., Böttcher, K., Brodský, ., Du, C. W., Chappell, A., Fouad,Y., Genot, V., Gomez, C., Grunwald, S., Gubler, A., Guerrero, C., Hedley, C. B., Knadel, M., Morrás, H. J. M., Nocita, M., Ramirez-Lopez, L., Roudier, P., Rufasto Campos, E. M., Sanborn, P., Sellitto, V. M., Sudduth, K. A., Rawlins, B. G., Walter, C., Winowiecki, L. A., Hong, S. Y. ve Ji, W. 2016. A global spectral library to characterize the world's soil. Earth-Science Reviews, 155: 198-230 p, Robertson, J. G. ve Lyttleton, P. 1984. Division of peri bacteroid membranes in root nodules of white clover. J. Cell Sci., 69: 147-157 p. Rossel, R. A. V., Cattle, S. R., Ortega, A. ve Fouad, Y. 2009. In situ measurements of soil color, mineral composition and clay content by vis–NIR spectroscopy. Geoderma, 150 (3-4): 253-266 p, Rossel, V. R. A. ve Webster, R. 2011. Discrimination of Australian soil horizons and classes from their visible–near infrared spectra. Eur. Journal Soil Sci., 62 (4): 637-647 p. Rossel, V. R. A., Adamchuk, V. I., Sudduth, K. A., McKenzie, N. J. ve Lobsey, C. 2011. Proximal soil sensing: An effective approach for soil measurements in space and time. In Advances in Agronomy; Sparks, D.L., Ed.; Academic Press: London, UK, 2011; pp. 243-291 p. Saygın, S. D. ve Aydın, M. 2023. Toprak ve Su Koruma. Nobel Yayınları, Yayın No: 5051, Ankara. Sharma, A., Weindorf, D. C., Man, T. ve Aldabaa, A. A. A. 2014. Chakraborty, S. Characterizing soils via portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer: 3, Soil reaction (pH). Geoderma, 232: 141-147 p. Shedecor, G. W. ve Cochran, W. G. 1989. Staistical Methods. 8nd ed. Iowa State Univ Press. Silva, S. H. G., Teixeira, A. F. D. S., Menezes, M. D. D., Guilherme, L. R. G., Moreira, F. M. D. S. ve Curi, N. 2017. Multiple linear regression and random forest to predict and map soil properties using data from portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Ciência Agrotecnol, 41: 648-664 p. Sözen, Ö. ve Yağmur, M. 2021. Kırşehir ekolojik koşullarında bazı mercimek (Lens culinaris L.) çeşitlerinin tarımsal özelliklerinin ve özellikler arası ilişkilerin belirlenmesi. 21. Yüzyılda Fen ve Teknik Dergisi, 8 (15): 15-32 s. Sözen, Ö. ve Uçar, S. 2022. Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Yetiştiriciliği. Yemeklik Tane Baklagil Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı. Editör: Prof. Dr. Tolga Karaköy. İksad Yayınları. Urbano, G., Porres, J. M., Frias, J. ve Concepeio, V. V. 2007. Nutritional Value. Lentil. S. Yadav, D. McNeil and P. Stevenson, 47-93, Springer Netherlands. Uzun Kayıs, S. ve Ceyhan, E. 2015. Salinity tolerance during germination and seedling growth of some lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) cultivars. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 29 (1): 15-24 p. Wang, D., Chakraborty, S., Weindorf, D. C., Li, B., Sharma, A., Paul, S. ve Ali, N. 2015. Synthesized use of VisNIR DRS and PXRF for soil characterization: Total carbon and total nitrogen. Geoderma, 243-244, 157-167. Wei, M. C. F., Canal Filho, R., Tavares, T. R., Molin, J. P. ve Vieira, A. M. C. 2022. Dimensionality reduction statistical models for soil attribute prediction based on raw spectral data. AI, 3: 809-819. Weih, M., Westerbergh, A. ve Lundquist, P. O. 2017. Role of nutrient-efficient plants for improving crop yields: bridging plant ecology, physiology, and molecular biology. Chapter 2. In Plant Macronutrient Use Efficiency. Editor(s): Mohammad Anwar Hossain, Takehiro Kamiya, David J. Burritt, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Toru Fujiwara, Academic Press, 31-44 p. Wijewardane, N. K., Ge, Y. ve Morgan, C. L. S. 2016a. Moisture insensitive prediction of soil properties from VNIR reflectance spectra based on external parameter orthogonalization. Geoderma, 267: 92-101 p. Wijewardane, N. K., Ge, Y. ve Morgan, C. L. S. 2016b. Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon at different moisture contents with dry ground VNIR: a comparative study of different approaches. European Journal of Soil Science, 67 (5): 605-615 p. Wollenhaupt, N. C., Wolkowski, R. P. ve Clayton, M. K. 1994. Mapping soil test phosphorus and potassium for variable-rate fertilizer application. J. Prod. Agric., 7: 441-448 p. Yano, K., Yoshida, S., Muller, J., Singh, S., Banba, M., Vickers, K., Markmann, K., White, C., Schuller, B., Sato, S., Asamizu, E., Tabata, S., Murooka, Y., Perry, J., Wang, T. L., Kawaguchi, M., Imaizumi- Anraku, H., Hayashi, M. ve Parniske, M. 2008. CYCLOPS, a mediator of symbiotic intracellular accommodation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 105: 20540-20545. Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Tahıllar ve Yemeklik Tane Baklagiller Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi Yazarlar Ufuk Karadavut KARABÜK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0001-5362-7585 Türkiye
Ömer Sözen SİVAS BİLİM VE TEKNOLOJİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0001-5528-7887 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Temmuz 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Şubat 2024 Kabul Tarihi 5 Temmuz 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3
Kaynak Göster APA Karadavut, U., & Sözen, Ö. (2024). Boyut Azaltılmış Temel Bileşenler ve Lasso Regresyonları Kullanılarak Spektral Veri Tabanlı Bazı Kimyasal Özelliklerin Belirlenmesi. Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 749-756. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1441357
Download or read online: Click here