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BÛTÎ Skip to content Muhammed Saîd Ramazân el-Bûtî (1929-2013)
Suriyeli ilim ve fikir adamı.
Şırnak’ın Cizre ilçesine bağlı Yağmurkuyusu (Cêleka) köyünde doğdu. Doğduğu yer Botan bölgesinde bulunduğundan ailesi Bûtî nisbesiyle tanınmıştır. Kürt kökenli olan babası Molla Ramazan âlim ve sûfî kimliğiyle meşhurdur. Bûtî ailesi 1934’te Şam’a göç etti. Muhammed Saîd öğrenim hayatına Şam’daki özel bir okulda başladı. On bir yaşında Hasan Habenneke el-Meydânî ile onun öğrencisi Mahmûd el-Mardînî’den Kur’an ve siyer dersleri aldı. Ardından tefsir, mantık, hitabet ve fıkıh usulü tahsil etti. 1953-1955 yıllarında Ezher Üniversitesi Şeriat Fakültesi’nde lisans eğitimini tamamladı ve aynı üniversitenin Arap Dili Fakültesi’nde bir yıl süreyle pedagojik formasyon eğitimi aldı. 1958-1960 yıllarında öğretmenlik yaptı. 1960’ın sonlarında Dımaşk Üniversitesi Şeriat Fakültesi’ne asistan oldu. 1961’de doktora öğrenimi için gönderildiği Ezher Üniversitesi’nde 1965’te Ḍavâbiṭü’l-maṣlaḥa fi’ş-şerîʿati’l-İslâmiyye başlıklı teziyle doktor unvanını aldı. Tekrar Dımaşk Üniversitesi Şeriat Fakültesi’nde çalışmaya başladı. 1970’te doçent, 1975’te profesör oldu, dekanlık dahil çeşitli idarî görevler üstlendi.
Şeriat Fakültesi’ndeki derslerinin yanında Şam’da Îmân Camii ve Emeviyye Camii gibi yerlerde halka açık dersler veren Bûtî, 1993’te emekliye ayrıldıktan sonra da cami dersleriyle üniversitedeki derslerini vefatına kadar sürdürdü. Ayrıca Şam Âlimler Birliği başkanlığı ve Ürdün Âl-i beyt Müessesesi ile Âl-i beyt Üniversitesi’ne danışmanlık yaptı. Ürdün Kraliyet Akademisi İslâm Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Merkezi, İslâmî Finans Kurumlarını Denetleme ve Muhasebe Teşkilâtı, İngiltere’de Oxford Academy İdare Meclisi, Fransa’da İslâm Nuru Cemiyeti, Ebûzabî’de Taba Müessesesi Yüksek İstişare Kurulu, Şam İslâm Bankası Hukukî Denetim Kurulu gibi oluşumlarda görev aldı. Pek çok ulusal ve uluslararası ilmî toplantıya katıldı. 2004 yılında uluslararası Dübey (Dubâi) Kur’an’a Hizmet Kurulu tarafından örnek İslâm âlimi ödülüne lâyık görüldü.
Bûtî, ilmî hayatının temelini lise yıllarındaki asıl hocası olarak bahsettiği babasından okuduğu İslâm akaidi, siyer, Arap dili grameri ve belâgatı, mantık ve fıkıh usulü alanlarına dair kitapların oluşturduğunu söyler (Hâẕâ vâlidî , s. 57, 60). 1961’de eline geçen Türkçe otobiyografisiyle Said Nursi’yi tanıma fırsatı buldu. Nursi’nin ilmî ve fikrî şahsiyeti Bûtî’de derin bir saygı ve hayranlık hissi uyandırdı. Said Nursi’yi Arap âlemine tanıtmak amacıyla söz konusu otobiyografiyi özet halinde Arapça’ya tercüme etti. O tarihlerde Şam’da yayımlanan Ḥaḍâretü’l-İslâm dergisinde bir makale serisi halinde neşrettiği bu tercümeyi Mine’l-fikr ve’l-ḳalb (Dımaşk 1966) adlı eserinin sonuna da ekledi. Hayatının ilerleyen dönemlerinde ilgisini çeken şahsiyetlerin biyografilerini kaydettiği Şaḫṣıyyât istevḳafetnî ’de Said Nursi’ye de özel bir yer ayırdı (s. 157-175).
En şiddetlisi Şubat 1982’deki Hama katliamı olmak üzere Suriye’de 1970’lerin sonlarından itibaren İhvân-ı Müslimîn ile Baas rejimi arasında sayısız iç çatışma yaşanırken halk nazarında saygın bir âlim olan Bûtî her defasında Hâfız Esed yönetimini destekledi. Aslında Bûtî, yirmili yaşlarında iken yakından tanıyıp ideallerini öğrendiği İhvân-ı Müslimîn’in bazı hedeflerine önceleri sempati duysa da (Hâẕâ vâlidî , s. 127; ayrıca bk. Christmann, sy. 2 [2004], s. 133, 135) sonraları bu teşkilâtın bazı uzantıları tarafından Nusayrîler’e, hükümet ve Baas Partisi bürolarına, polis istasyonlarına ve askerî birliklere saldırılar düzenlenince açık bir şekilde rejimden yana tavır aldı. Özellikle 16 Haziran 1979’da Halep Topçu Okulu’nda onlarca Alevî askerin vurularak öldürülmesi Bûtî’nin hayatında önemli bir dönüm noktası teşkil etti. Olayın ardından Bûtî, Enformasyon Bakanlığı’nın isteği üzerine ve babasının yönlendirmesiyle bir televizyon programında bu eylemin meşrû olmadığını açıkladı (Hâẕâ vâlidî , s. 140). 1980’lerin ortalarında İslâmî yayınlara uygulanan sıkı sansürün ve kamu kurumlarında çalışan kadınların örtülerine yönelik yasağın kaldırılması, medya programlarının İslâmî ve ahlâkî kurallara göre yeniden düzenlenmesi gibi iyileştirmelerden dolayı Hâfız Esed’e bir televizyon programında teşekkür etti (a.g.e. , s. 140-142). Sonraki tarihlerde yine Esed’in teklifiyle Suriye televizyonunda yaptığı söyleşilerde son derece tedbirli ve diplomatik bir dil kullanmasıyla dikkati çekti. 2000 yılında Hâfız Esed’in cenaze namazını kıldıran Bûtî, mevcut otoriteden yana tavrını yeni lider Beşşâr Esed döneminde de sürdürdü. 2011’de Tunus’ta başlayıp Suriye’ye de sıçrayan halk ayaklanması sırasında eli silâh tutan herkesin Suriye ordusuna katılarak muhaliflere karşı savaşması yönünde fetva verdi. 21 Mart 2013’te Şam’ın Mezraa semtindeki Îmân Camii’nde talebelerine ders verdiği sırada bir suikast sonucu öldürülen Ramazan el-Bûtî, Şam’daki Selâhaddîn-i Eyyûbî Türbesi’nin yanına defnedildi.
İslâm dünyasında âlim ve mütefekkir kişiliğiyle tanınan Bûtî’nin eserlerinde muhatap alıp eleştirdiği kesimler daha çok Batılı çağdaş felsefeciler, şarkiyatçılar, onların İslâm dünyasındaki takipçileri, müslüman ıslahatçılar, Selefîler, İslâmcı siyasî hareketler ve radikal İslâmî gruplar olmuştur. Selefî âlimi Muhammed Sultân el-Hucendî’nin yerleşik fıkıh mezheplerine uymanın gerekliliğini ve mezhep taklitçiliğini sorguladığı risâlesine reddiye olarak el-Lâmeẕhebiyye adlı bir eser kaleme almış, ictihad kudretine sahip bulunmayan kişiler için taklidin kaçınılmaz olduğunu, ayrıca tek bir mezhebe bağlı kalmanın -her ne kadar dinî bir zorunluluk değilse de- meşruluğunu savunmuştur. Bununla birlikte Bûtî’ye göre muayyen bir meselede ictihad seviyesine ulaşan veya takip ettiği imamın görüşüne aykırı, sıhhati kesin ve ilgili hükme delâleti açık bir hadise ulaşan kimse o meselede artık imamını taklit etmekten vazgeçmelidir (a.g.e. , s. 55-93, 94-114, 118-121).
Bûtî, es-Selefiyye adlı eserinde bilinen Selefî yöntemle müslümanları Selefîler-bid‘atçılar şeklinde kamplara ayıran Selefiyye hareketine karşı bilgi metodu ya da kapsamlı metot şeklinde kavramlaştırdığı başka bir metot teklif eder (s. 60, 62, 64, 119, 199, 229). Bûtî’nin üzerinde ısrarla durduğu bu metot, metin tahlili ve eleştirisinin klasik aracını temsil eden fıkıh usulünden başka bir şey değildir (s. 22, 79). Ona göre, İslâm tarihinin ilk üç neslini teşkil eden ve Selef olarak adlandırılan sahâbe, tâbiîn ve tebeu’t-tâbiîn ulemâsının Ehl-i sünnet ve’l-cemaat dairesi içerisinde mütalaa edilmesinin sebebi onların Kitap ve Sünnet’i anlamada fıkıh usulünün kurallarını takip etmesidir (s. 229). Ehl-i sünnet ve’l-cemaat’in Selef’le sınırlı olmadığına dikkat çeken Bûtî, hangi asırda yaşarsa yaşasın gerek amelî gerekse itikadî konularda bu ilmin kurallarına bağlı kalan her müctehidin söz konusu daire içerisinde olduğunu söyler (s. 19, 79, 94, 98, 230). Fıkıh usulünde âlimlerin ittifak ettiği pek çok kuralın yanı sıra azımsanmayacak sayıda ihtilâflı meseleler de bulunduğunu kaydeder. Bûtî, ictihada açık meselelerde bu ilmin sınırları içerisinde hareket eden bir müctehidin sırf ulaştığı farklı sonuçtan ötürü Selef çizgisinden ayrılma, sapıklık, bid‘atçılık veya irtidad gibi sıfatlarla itham edilemeyeceği kanaatindedir. Zira ihtilâf bu metodun tabiatından kaynaklanmaktadır (s. 21, 109, 226). Selefiyye tabirinin muayyen bir İslâmî grubu ifade etmesini sağlayacak ilmî bir içeriğe veya İslâmî bir gerçekliğe sahip olmadığını belirten (s. 21-22) ve bu tabiri “bir İslâm mezhebi değil geçmişteki kutlu bir zaman dilimi” şeklinde takdim eden Bûtî söz konusu eserinde temel bir vurgu olarak Selef’e tâbi olma ve Selef’i mezhep edinme kavramlarını kesin çizgilerle birbirinden ayırır. Ona göre dinî bir zorunluluğu ifade eden birinci kavram, Kur’an ve Sünnet naslarını anlama ve onlardan hareketle şer‘î hükümleri istinbat etme noktasında Selef ulemâsının izlediği metoda bağlı kalma mânasına gelirken gerçek İslâm’ı temsil etme iddiasını taşıyan ikinci kavram İslâm tarihinin hiçbir döneminde karşılığı olmayan bir kuruntudan ibarettir (s. 12-13, 52, 222, 231; Selefiyye adında bir mezhebe bağlanmanın bid‘at olduğuna dair görüşü ve delilleri için bk. s. 221-242).
En tartışmalı eseri el-Cihâd fi’l-İslâm ’da Bûtî cihadın savaş yoluyla gerçekleştirilen türü dışında nefis tezkiyesi, tebliğ ve irşad içerikli türlerinin de bulunduğunu kaydeder (s. 19-28). Savaş yoluyla gerçekleştirilen cihadın meşruiyet gerekçesini de küfrü ortadan kaldırmak ve İslâm devletini kurmak değil, irşad ve tebliğ içerikli cihad yoluyla tesis edilmiş olan İslâm devletine ve müslüman topluma yönelik iç ve dış tehditlere karşı önlem almak, kısacası elde edilen kazanımları muhafaza etmek şeklinde tesbit eder (s. 95-107, 200). Bûtî’ye göre devlet başkanlarının küfürle itham edilmesi hususunda son derece ihtiyatlı davranılması gerekir; bu sebeple ülke yönetimini hedef alan bir halk isyanı, ancak devlet başkanının te’vili kabil olmayan bir şekilde İslâm’ı terkettiğini ilân etmesi durumunda meşruiyet kazanabilir (s. 147). Fâsıklığın ülke yönetiminden azledilmeyi gerektirmediğini savunan Bûtî, fâsık bir devlet başkanının tebaasına açıkça zulmetmesinin isyanı meşrû kılan bir gerekçe olmadığı şeklindeki görüşüyle geleneksel Sünnî anlayışı devam ettirir (s. 149).
Bûtî tasavvuf neşvesine sahip bir âlimdir. Tasavvufu İslâm’ın özü ve cevheri olarak görmekle birlikte (el-Ḥikemü’l- ʿAṭâʾiyye , s. 15) tasavvufî kaidelerin tesbitinde Kur’an ve Sünnet ölçülerine vurgu yapar ve şer‘î esaslara uymayan tasavvufî anlayışlara şiddetle karşı çıkar (es-Selefiyye , s. 111). Tasavvufu felsefî/vicdanî ve ahlâkî olmak üzere iki kısma ayırır. Şühûd, fenâ, bekā gibi ehl-i tasavvufun tecrübe ettiği birtakım hallerden bahseden felsefî tasavvufun araştırma ve inceleme konusu yapılması faydasız ve gereksizdir; buna karşılık İslâm ahlâkından ibaret olan ahlâkî tasavvufun bir yaşam biçimi haline getirilmesi gerekir (Bâṭınü’l-is̱m , s. 22-23). Tasavvufla tarikat arasında zorunlu bir ilişki görmediği anlaşılan Bûtî, özellikle modern dönemde içine bid‘at sızmamış hiçbir tarikata rastlanamayacağı kanaatindedir. Ona göre mevcut tarikatlar arasında en az bid‘at içeren Nakşibendîlik’teki râbıta da (müridin Allah’ı zikretmeye başlamadan önce şeyhinin sûretini zihninde tasavvur etmesi) bid‘at ve haramdır; gerçek râbıta şeyh ile müridi arasındaki muhabbetten ibarettir (Hâẕâ vâlidî , s. 102). Ayrıca vahdet-i vücûd anlayışı, ister yaratanla yaratılanın tek bir varlık olduğuna inanmak isterse yaratıcının varlığının yarattıklarına taştığını kabul etmek şeklinde ifade edilsin bâtıl ve küfrü gerektiren bir inanıştır (a.g.e. , s. 112). İslâm akaidinde klasik Eş‘arî düşüncesinin takipçisi olan Bûtî, kelâmı modern dönemde öğrenilmesi gereken en önemli ilimler arasında görmekle birlikte kelâmın kişiyi imanda yakîn seviyesine yükseltemeyeceğini, bu seviyeye ancak önerdiği çerçeve içinde kalan tasavvufî bir hayatla ulaşılabileceğini söyler (el-Meẕâhibü’t-tevḥîdiyye , s. 43-44). Kelâma dair eserlerinde geleneksel İslâm inanç mezheplerinin yanı sıra materyalizm, Marksizm ve kapitalizm gibi modern düşünce akımlarını da incelemelerine dahil eder ve bunların bâtıl olduğunu göstermeye çalışır.
Eserleri. Fıkıh ve Fıkıh Usulü: 1. Ḍavâbiṭü’l-maṣlaḥa fi’ş-şerîʿati’l-İslâmiyye (Dımaşk 1966; Beyrut 1973, 2001). Bûtî’nin doktora tezi olup maslahatın İslâm hukukundaki yerinin tesbiti açısından önemli bir boşluğu doldurmasının yanı sıra diyalektik materyalizm eleştirisi olma özelliği de taşır. 2. Taḥdîdü’n-nesl viḳāyeten ve ʿilâcen (Dımaşk, ts., 1967). 3. el-Lâ Meẕhebiyye: Aḫṭaru bidʿa tüheddidü’ş-şerîʿate’l-İslâmiyye (Dımaşk 1969). Selefî âlimi Hucendî’nin Heli’l-Müslim mülzem bi’t-tibâʿi meẕheb muʿayyen mine’l-meẕâhibi’l-erbaʿa? adlı risâlesine reddiye olarak kaleme alınan esere Muhammed Îd Abbâsî, el-Meẕhebü’l-müteʿaṣṣıbe hiye’l-bidʿa ev bidʿatü’t-taʿaṣṣub el-meẕhebî ismiyle bir reddiye yazmıştır (Amman 1970). Bûtî bu reddiyede kendisine yöneltilen eleştirilere el-Lâ Meẕhebiyye ’nin ikinci baskısına (Dımaşk 1970) yazdığı ekte cevap vermiştir. Eser Durmuş Ali Kayapınar (İslâm Dinini Tehdit Eden En Korkunç Fitne: Mezhepsizlik , Konya 1976) ve Süleyman Çelik (Mezhepsizlik İslâm Şeriatini Tehdit Eden En Tehlikeli Bid’attir , İstanbul 1995, 2011) tarafından Türkçe’ye çevrilmiştir. 4. Muḥâḍarât fi’l-fıḳhi’l-muḳāren (Dımaşk 1970). 5. Mebâḥis̱ü’l-Kitâb ve’s-Sünne min ʿilmi’l-uṣûl (Dımaşk 1974). 6. es-Sebîlü’l-vaḥîd fî zaḥmeti’l-aḥdâs̱i’l-câriye ʿalâ hâmişi’n-nekbe (Beyrut 1979). 7. Muʿâlecetü’d-dehîn beyne’l-eṭıbbâʾ ve’l-müşerriʿîn (Dımaşk 1985). 8. es-Selefiyye: Merḥaletün zemeniyye mübârake lâ meẕhebün İslâmî (Dımaşk 1988). Suudi Arabistanlı âlim Sâlih b. Fevzân’ın bir reddiye yazdığı eseri (Naẓarât ve ta ʿḳībât ʿalâ mâ fî Kitâbi’s-Selefiyye li-Muḥammed Sa ʿîd Ramażân mine’l-hefevât , 2. bs., Riyad 1411; ayrıca bk. Mecelletü’l-buḥûs̱i’l-İslâmiyye , XXVI [1409-1410], s. 183-214), Vecihi Sönmez Selefiye: İslâmî Bir Ekol/Mezheb Değil Zamansal Bir Aşamadır adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirmiştir (İstanbul 2009). 9. Ḳaḍâyâ fıḳhiyye muʿâṣıra (Dımaşk 1991). 10. el-Cihâd fi’l-İslâm: Keyfe nefhemühû ve keyfe nümârisühû (Beyrut 1993). Bûtî bu eserinde ortaya koyduğu cihad tasavvuruna yöneltilen eleştirilere Zevâbiʿ ve aṣdâʿ verâʾe Kitâbi’l-Cihâd fi’l-İslâm adlı eseriyle cevap vermiş (Dımaşk-Beyrut 1994) ve bunu el-Cihâd fi’l-İslâm ’ın sonraki baskılarına eklemiştir. Esere Abdülmelik el-Berrâk (Rudûd ʿalâ ebâṭîl ve şübühât ḥavle’l-cihâd , Amman 1997) ve Abdülâhir Hammâd el-Guneymî (Vaḳafât ma ʿa’l-Bûṭî fî kitâbihî ʿani’l-cihâd , baskı yeri yok, 1999) tarafından da birer reddiye yazılmıştır. 11. et-Taṣvîr beyne ḥâceti’l-ʿaṣr ve ḍavâbiṭi’ş-şerîʿa (Dımaşk 1994). 12. Maʿa’n-nâs: Meşûrâṭ ve fetâvâ (Dımaşk 1998). 13. Meşûrâṭ ictimâʿiyye (Dımaşk 2001). 14. İşkâliyyetü tecdîdi uṣûli’l-fıḳh (Dımaşk 2006).
Kelâm ve Felsefe: 1. el-Meẕhebü’l-iḳtiṣâdî beyne’ş-şüyûʿiyye ve’l-İslâm (Dımaşk 1960). İslâm’la komünizmi ekonomi bağlamında karşılaştıran eser, Bûtî’nin 1959’da Humus’taki el-Merkezü’s-sekāfî el-Arabî’de verdiği bir konferansın genişletilmiş şeklidir. 2. Kübre’l-yaḳīniyyâti’l-kevniyye: Vücûdü’l-ḫâliḳ ve vaẓîfetü’l-maḫlûḳ (Dımaşk 1389/1969, 1394/1974, 1397/1977, 1402/1982; 25. bs., Beyrut 1426/2005). İslâm akaidine ilişkin konuların ilâhiyyât, nübüvvât, kevniyyât ve gaybiyyât şeklinde incelendiği bir eserdir (T trc. Mehmet Yolcu – Hüseyin Altınalan, Yaratıcının Varlığı ve Yaratılanın Görevi: İslâm Akaidi , İstanbul 1986; Arnavutça trc. Abdurrahman Asllani, Te vertetat e patundshme te besimit Islam , Tetove 1425/2004). 3. Naḳdü evhâmi’l-mâddiyyeti’l-cedeliyye ed-diyâlektîkiyye (Dımaşk 1978). 4. el-ʿAḳīdetü’l-İslâmiyye ve’l-fikrü’l-muʿâṣır (Dımaşk 1981). Klasik itikadî mezheplerin yanı sıra bazı modern düşünce akımlarının da konu edildiği eser Dımaşk Üniversitesi’nde ders kitabı olarak okutulmaktadır. 5. el-İnsân: Müseyyer em muḫayyer (Dımaşk 1997). 6. el-Meẕâhibü’t-tevḥîdiyye ve’l-felsefâtü’l-muʿâṣıra (Dımaşk 2008).
Kur’an ve Sünnet: 1. Aḥsenü’l-ḥadîs̱: Teʾemmülât ʿilmiyye ve edebiyye fî Kitâbillâhi ʿazze ve celle (Dımaşk 1968). 2. Min Revâʾiʿi’l-Ḳurʾân: Teʾemmülât ʿilmiyye ve edebiyye fî Kitâbillâhi ʿazze ve celle (Dımaşk 1970). Eser ulûmü’l-Kur’ân literatürünün modern bir örneğidir. 3. Menhecü’l-ḥaḍârati’l-insâniyye fi’l-Ḳurʾân (Dımaşk 1980). İslâm medeniyetiyle Batı medeniyeti arasındaki temel farkların tesbit edildiği eseri Resul Tosun Kur’an’da İnsan ve Medeniyet adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirmiştir (İstanbul 2007).
Siyer ve Biyografi: 1. Bedîʿu’z-zamân Saʿîd en-Nursî: Ḥayâtühû ve baʿżu âs̱ârihî (Dımaşk 1964). 2. Fıḳhü’s-sîreti’n-nebeviyye (Beyrut 1967; Dımaşk 1978; Mısır 1990). Hz. Peygamber’in hayatını -İslâm’ın genel prensiplerini ve şer‘î hükümlerini elde etmeye dönük akademik bir metotla- anlattığı eserinde Bûtî pek çok konuda şarkiyatçıları, onların İslâm dünyasındaki takipçilerini ve Selefîler’i eleştirmektedir. Eserin sonraki baskılarında İslâm tarihinin Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn dönemleri hakkında kısa bilgiler eklenmiştir. Selefî âlimi Nâsırüddin el-Elbânî’nin Difâʿ ʿani’l-ḥadîs̱i’n-nebevî ve’s-sîre fi’r-red ʿalâ cehâlâti’d-duktûr el-Bûṭî fî kitâbihî Fıḳhü’s-sîre adıyla bir reddiye yazdığı eser (Dımaşk, ts.) Ali Nar – Orhan Aktepe (Fıkhu’s-siyre: Peygamber[a.s.]’in Uyguladığı İslâm , İstanbul 1984, 1986, 2002, 2013) ve Atik Aydın (Fıkhu’s-siyre , Van 2006) tarafından Türkçe’ye çevrilmiştir. 3. Hâẕâ vâlidî (Beyrut 1995; Dımaşk 1998). Müellifin, babası Molla Ramazan’ı tanıttığı eseri Abdülhadi Timurtaş Babam Molla Ramazan el-Bûtî: Hayatı, Düşünceleri ve Mücadelesi , adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirmiştir (İstanbul, ts.). 4. ʿÂʾişetü ümmi’l-müʾminîn (Dımaşk 1996). 5. Şaḫṣıyyât istevḳafetnî (Dımaşk 1999). Fudayl b. İyâz, Abdullah b. Mübârek, Ebû Hâmid el-Gazzâlî, Mevlânâ Celâleddîn-i Rûmî, Said Nursi, Cemâleddîn-i Efgānî, Mustafa es-Sibâî ve Roger Garaudy hakkında muhtasar bilgiler içerir.
Tarih ve Edebiyat: 1. Fî Sebîlillâh ve’l-ḥaḳ (Dımaşk 1973). Bûtî’nin yayımlanan ilk eseri olup el-Eyyâmü’d-Dımaşḳıyye gazetesinde neşredilen makalelerinden oluşmaktadır. 2. Difâʿ ʿani’l-İslâm ve’t-târîḫ (Dımaşk 1977). Şâkir Mustafa’nın Fi’t-Târîḫi’l-ʿAbbâsî adlı eserine reddiye olarak kaleme aldığı bu eserinde Bûtî, şarkiyatçı bakış açısına sahip olduğunu düşündüğü yazarın gerek İslâm gerekse Arap tarihine dair pek çok gerçeği çarpıttığını göstermeye çalışmaktadır. 3. Mem û Zîn (Dımaşk 1977). Henüz yirmili yaşlarında iken yazdığı bu kitabında Bûtî, XVII. yüzyıl Kürt şairlerinden Şeyh Ahmed-i Hânî’nin Memo ve Zîn arasında geçen trajik aşk hikâyesini anlattığı manzum eserini nesir halinde Arapça’ya çevirmiştir. Bûtî’nin Kürt diline ve edebiyatına olan ilgisini gösteren eseri Abdülhadi Timurtaş Memo ve Zeyn adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirmiştir (İstanbul 2007).
Eğitim ve İrşad: 1. Tecribetü’t-terbiyeti’l-İslâmiyye fî mîzâni’l-baḥs̱ (Dımaşk 1961). Eserde okullardaki İslâmî eğitim sosyal, siyasal ve ahlâkî yönden ele alınmaktadır. 2. Ebḥâs̱ fi’l-ḳımme (Dımaşk 1973). Müellifin İslâm toplumlarında yaşanan itikadî, fikrî, amelî ve ahlâkî sorunlar üzerine yayımladığı on kitapçıktan oluşan bir seridir. Seri içindeki kitapçıklar müstakil olarak da basılmış ve bir kısmı Türkçe’ye çevrilmiştir. 3. ʿAlâ Ṭarîḳi’l-ʿavde ile’l-İslâm (Beyrut 1982). İslâmî tebliğin metodunu ortaya koyan eseri M. Sait Şimşek İslâm’a Davet Metodu adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirmiştir (İstanbul 1995). 4. Medḫal ilâ fehmi’l-cüẕûr: Men ene ve li-mâẕâ ve ilâ eyne? (Beyrut 1991). Bûtî bu eseri Batılılar’a İslâm’ı tanıtmak amacıyla yazmıştır. 5. el-Merʾetü beyne ṭuġyâni’n-niẓâmi’l-ġarbî ve leṭâʾifi’t-teşrîʿi’r-rabbânî (Dımaşk 1996). Kadın hakları konusunda İslâm-Batı karşılaştırmasının yapıldığı eserde kadının İslâm’daki yeri, sosyal ve siyasal hakları belirlenmektedir. 6. el-Ḥikemü’l-ʿAṭâʾiyye: Şerḥ ve Taḥlîl (Dımaşk 2000, 2003, 2004, 2005). Bûtî’nin 1974’ten itibaren Şam’ın çeşitli camilerinde İbn Atâullah el-İskenderî’nin el-Ḥikemü’l-ʿAṭâʾiyye ’si üzerine yaptığı şerh ve tahlilleri içermektedir. 7. et-Teʿarruf ʿale’ẕ-ẕât hüve’ṭ-ṭarîḳu’l-muʿabbed ile’l-İslâm (Dımaşk 2008). Bunların dışında Bûtî Ḥaḍâretü’l-İslâm, el-ʿUlûmü’l-Lübnâniyye, et-Temeddünü’l-İslâmî, el-Vaʿyü’l-İslâmî, Dirâsât İslâmiyye, Ṭabîbek, İctihâd, en-Nehcü’l-İslâmî ve el-Eyyâmü’d-Dımaşḳıyye gibi gazete ve dergilerde çok sayıda makale neşretmiştir. Ayrıca pek çok sempozyumda tebliğ sunmuş, televizyon kanallarında düzenli konferanslar vermiş, bunların bir kısmı yayımlanmıştır (Bûtî’nin eserlerinin geniş bir listesi ve eserler üzerine ayrıntılı bilgi için bk. Hişâm Uleyvân – Fâdî el-Gavş, s. 239-270).
BİBLİYOGRAFYA :
Bûtî, el-Cihâd fi’l-İslâm: Keyfe nefhemühû ve keyfe nümârisühü , Dımaşk-Beyrut 1993, tür.yer.; a.mlf., Hâẕâ vâlidî: el-Ḳıṣṣatü’l-kâmile li-ḥayâti’ş-şeyḫ Mollâ Ramażân el-Bûṭî min vilâdetihî ilâ vefâtih , Dımaşk-Beyrut 1995, tür.yer.; a.mlf., es-Selefiyye: Merḥaletün zemeniyye mübâreke lâ meẕhebün İslâmî , Dımaşk 1999, tür.yer.; a.mlf., el-Ḥikemü’l-ʿAṭâʾiyye: Şerḥ ve taḥlîl , Dımaşk 2003, s. 15; a.mlf., el-Lâ Meẕhebiyye: Aḫṭâr bidʿa tüheddidü’ş-şerîʿate’l-İslâmiyye , Dımaşk 2005, tür.yer.; a.mlf., el-Meẕâhibü’t-tevḥîdiyye ve’l-felsefâtü’l-muʿâṣıra , Dımaşk 2008, s. 43-44; a.mlf., Bâṭınü’l-is̱m , http://taouiala.almountadayat.com/t167-topic? (19.01.2015); M. Adnân Sâlim, Eḍvâʾ ʿalâ kitâbi’l-Cihâd fi’l-İslâm , Dımaşk 1995; Ebû Ubeyde Meşhûr b. Hasan b. Selmân, Kütübün ḥaẕẕere minhe’l-ʿulemâʾ , Riyad 1415/1995, I, 177, 206-207; II, 258; Hişâm Âlü Kutayt, Vaḳfe maʿa’d-duktûr el-Bûṭî fî mesâʾilih , Beyrut 1997; Üsâme es-Seyyid, er-Reddü’l-ʿilmî ʿale’l-Bûṭî , [baskı yeri yok] 1999; Hâlid Abdüssemî‘ Abdullah Ali, Menhecü’d-duktûr Muḥammed Saʿîd Ramażân el-Bûṭî fi’d-daʿvî ilallāh (doktora tezi, 2001), Câmiatü’l-Ezher Külliyyetü Usûli’d-dîn; Abdürrezzâk Îd, Sedenetü heyâkili’l-vehm: Naḳdü’l-ʿaḳli’l-fıḳhî: el-Bûṭî nemûẕecen , Beyrut 2003; Hasan M. Murâd, ed-Duktûr Muḥammed Saʿîd Ramażân el-Bûṭî: Âs̱âruhü’l-ʿilmiyye ve neşâtühü’d-daʿvî (doktora tezi, 2005), Külliyyetü İmâm el-Evzâî; Hâlid es-Sûsî, Naḳżu evhâmi’l-ittihâm: Naḳżu ʿulûmi’l-Elbânî ve’l-Bûṭî , Dımaşk 2005; Rîmâ M. Enîs el-Hakîm, Şâhid ʿale’l-İslâm ve’l-müslimîn: Ravâʾiʿu efkâri Muḥammed Saʿîd Ramażân el-Bûṭî , Dımaşk 2009; Hişâm Uleyvân – Fâdî el-Gavş, el-Bûṭî: ed-Daʿve ve’l-cihâd ve’l-İslâmi’s-siyâsî , Beyrut 2012, s. 239-270; Andreas Christmann, “Müslüman Âlim ve Dinî Lider: Şeyh Muhammed Saîd Ramazan el-Bûtî” (trc. Muammer İskenderoğlu), Usul: İslam Araştırmaları , sy. 2, Adapazarı 2004, s. 129-154; Suat Yıldırım, “M. Said Ramazan el-Bûtî’yi Anarken”, Yeni Ümit , CI, İstanbul 2013, s. 5-8; “Nübẕe ʿan ḥayâti’l-ʿallâmeti’l-imâmi’ş-şehîd Muḥammed Saʿîd Ramażân el-Bûṭî”, http://naseemalsham.com/ar/Pages.php?page=mufty&pg_id=1992 (11.10.2014); Thomas Pierret, “al-Būṭ`ī, Muḥammed Saʿīd Ramaḍān”, The Encyclopaedia of Islam Three , Leiden 2015, fas. 3, s. 54-57.
Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2016 yılında İstanbul’da basılan (gözden geçirilmiş 2. basım) EK-1. cildinde, 221-224 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.