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Cumhuriyet’in İlk Yıllarında Kütüphanecilik Alanında Gerçekleştirilen Faaliyetler Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 192 – 212, 18.07.2024
Müşerref Avcı
https://doi.org/10.59116/lamre.1485996
Öz Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluşunun ilk yıllarında milli eğitim sisteminin oluşturulması kapsamında değerlendirilen ve kültür politikasına önemli etkileri olan bazı düzenlemeler Türk kütüphaneciliğinin bugünlere kadar gelen geleneğinin yasal altyapısının oluşmasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Çalışmanın amacı Osmanlı Devleti’nde eserlerin korunduğu bir yer olan ve belli kullanıcılar tarafından istifade edilen kütüphanelerin, özellikle Harf Devriminden sonra koleksiyonlarını yeniden oluşturarak Türk halkını çağdaş medeniyet seviyesine çıkarabilmek adına yapılan reformların halka anlatılıp milli bilincin oluşturulmasında aracı kurum olarak kullanıldığını kanıtlamaktır. Çalışma Milli Mücadele Döneminden itibaren 20 yıllık bir süreci kapsadığından (1920-1940) kütüphanecilik faaliyetlerine genel olarak değinilmiş olup Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında gerçekleştirilen kütüphanecilik alanında atılan çağdaş adımların Türk Kütüphaneciliğinin gelişimine olan katkıları irdelenmiştir. Yöntem olarak; geçmişte yaşanmış olayların ortaya konulması veya bir sorunsalın geçmişle olan ilişkisinin irdelenmesinde başvurulan tarihî yöntem benimsenmiş, veri toplama tekniği olarak arşiv araştırması ve literatür taraması kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta; eğitimli insan gücünün önemli bir kısmını savaşlarda kaybetmiş bir toplumda Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarından itibaren okur-yazar oranını artırmak, yeni harflerle okuma-yazma öğretmek, halkı kitap okumaya ve kütüphane kullanmaya alıştırmak için aracı bir kültür kurumu olarak görülen kütüphanelerin bu misyonu gerçekleştirmekte başarıya ulaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Kütüphanecilik tarihi için önemli olan bu faaliyetlerin bir çalışmada topluca değerlendirilmesi çalışmaya özgün bir nitelik vermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Cumhuriyet, Türk Kütüphaneciliği, kütüphanecilik faaliyetleri
Kaynakça Acaroğlu, M.T. (1975). Kütüphaneciliğimizin Elli Yılı. TKDB, 24(1), 7-13. Adnan Ötüken’in Biyografisi. (1972). TKDB, 21(2), 65-74. Al, U. ve Akıllı, S. (2015). Public Libraries in Turkey: A Retrospective Look and The Present State. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 7, 1-12. Alp, H. (2010). 1926 Maarif Eminlikleri Talimatnamesi. Türkoloji Kültürü, 3(5), 47-55. Alp, H. (2013). Yüksek Muallim Mektebi Talimatnamesi. Yakın Dönem Türkiye Araştırmaları, 12(23), 95-111. Amerikan Heyeti Raporundan: Maarif İşleri. (1939). İstanbul: Maarif Vekilliği. Ankara Halkevi ve Kütüphane ve Neşriyat Şubesi Hususi Talimatnamesi. (1933). Ankara: Hakimiyeti Milliye Matbaası. Aslan, C. (2014). Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde Eğitim Bilimleri Alanında Yurt Dışına Öğrenci Gönderilmesi Olgusu (1923-1940). Doktora Tezi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi. Atatürk Özel Arşivinden Seçmeler III. (1994). Ankara: ATASE Başkanlığı. Atatürk, M.K. (1961). Atatürk’ün Söylev ve Demeçleri (1919-1938), I. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu. Atatürk, M.K. (1996). Atatürk’ün Yazdığı Yurttaşlık Bilgileri. N. Tezcan (Haz.). İstanbul: Çağdaş Yayınları. Atatürk’ün Özel Kütüphanesinin Kataloğu (Anıtkabir ve Çankaya Bölümleri). (1973). Ankara: Başbakanlık. Avcı, M. (2017). Atatürk Dönemi Kütüphanecilik Faaliyetleri 1923-1938. Doktora Tezi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi. Avcı, M. (2021). Osmanlı Dönemi Vakıf Kütüphaneleri ve Bu Kütüphanelerin Toplum Hayatına Etkileri, Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(2), 241-267. Balçık, M. (2005). Kültür Bakanlığı’nın Cumhuriyet Dönemi Teşkilatlanma Tarihi. Doktora Tezi. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Basma Yazı ve Resimleri Derleme Kanunu (1934, 2 Temmuz). Resmi Gazete (Sayı: 2741). Erişim adresi: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/2741.pdf Basma Yazı ve Resimleri Derleme İşleri Hakkında Kanun ve Talimatname. (1935). [Ankara]: Kültür Bakanlığı. Baysal, J. (1973). Cumhuriyetin 50.Yılına Armağan: Cumhuriyet Döneminde Türk Kütüphaneciliğinin Gelişmesi. İstanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi. Baysal, J. (2009). Kütüphanecilik. Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, 5 (içinde 1306-1322). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Berkes, N. (2014). Unutulan Yıllar. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Berktay, F. (2009). Kadın Kütüphaneleri: Kadın Hareketinin Kalıcı Belleği. Toplumsal Tarih, 184, 68-72. Biçer, H. (2013). Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e Devralınan Kütüphanecilik Mirası: Cumhuriyet Döneminde Kütüphaneciliğin Kurumsallaşması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi. Bozkurt, Birgül. John Dewey (1859-1952). Atatürk Ansiklopedisi. https://ataturkansiklopedisi.gov.tr/bilgi/john-dewey-1859-1952/?pdf=3906. Candan, B. (2013). Türk Kültüründe Kütüphaneler ve Eğitim Hayatımıza Etkileri: Cumhuriyet Öncesi Dönem. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(2), 105-124. Celal Esad [Arseven] (1340-1341). Notlar ve Kütübhanelere Dair Usul-ü Tasnif. Dersaadet: Matbaa-i Amire. CHP Halkevleri ve Halkodaları 1932-1942. [1942]. Ankara: Alaeddin Kıral Basımevi. Cumhuriyetin İlk Dönemi Eğitim Kurumları (1921-1926) Telif ve Tercüme Heyeti. https://ttkb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2017_09/29164441_heyeti_ilmiye.pdf. Cunbur, M. (1959). Batı’ya Kaçırılan Kitaplarımız. TKDB, 8(1), 3-16. Cunbur, M. (1963). Türk Kütüphaneciliğinin Tarihi Kökleri. TKDB, 12(3-4), 105-116. Cunbur, M. (1968). Fehmi Ethem Karatay’a ve Aziz Berker’e Saygı. TKDB, 17(1), 1-8. Cunbur, M. (1983). Kütüphaneler. Cumhuriyet Döneminde Eğitim. İstanbul: MEB Basımevi. Çakın, İ. (2013). Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet Dönemi Kütüphanecilik Eğitimi. Anadolu Kütüphaneleri (içinde 387-404). B. Yılmaz (Ed.). Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. Çakır, S. (1994). Osmanlı Kadın Hareketi. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları. Çeçen, A. (2000). Atatürk’ün Kültür Kurumu Halkevleri. İstanbul: Cumhuriyet Kitapları. Çelik, H. (2013). Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (TBMM) Kütüphanesi. Anadolu Kütüphaneleri (içinde 441-459). B. Yılmaz (Ed.). Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. Dewey, J. (1939). Türkiye Maarifi Hakkında Rapor. İstanbul: Maarif Vekilliği. Ersoy, O. (1966). Halk Kütüphanelerimiz Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Ankara: Güven Matbaası. Erünsal, İ.E. (2015). Osmanlılarda Kütüphaneler ve Kütüphanecilik. Milli Eğitim, 208, 194-199. Gökman, M. (1957). Prof. Helmutt Ritter’in İstanbul Kütüphaneleri Hakkında 22 Yıl Evvel Hazırlamış Olduğu Rapor ve Bugünkü İstanbul Kütüphaneleri. TKDB, 6(3), 32-39. Kantarcıoğlu, S. (1990). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Hükümet Programlarında Kültür. Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı. Karatay, F.E. (1968). Hayatımdan Parçalar. TKDB, 17(2), 73-74. Kavcar, C. (1975). Kütüphane. Türk Ansiklopedisi, 22. Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basımevi. Koşay, H.Z. (1960). Kütüphanelere Dair (I). TKDB, 9(1-2), 36-40. Malche, A. (1939). İstanbul Üniversitesi Hakkında Rapor. İstanbul: Maarif Vekilliği. Milli Kütüphane resmi örün sayfası. millikutuphane.gov.tr/page/Tarihce Ötüken, A. (1957a). Türkiye’de Kütüphanecilik Öğretiminin Tarihçesi. TKDB, 6(1-2), 1-35. Ötüken, A. (1957b). Prof.Hellmutt Ritter’in İstanbul Kütüphaneleri Hakkında Mühim Bir Raporu. TKDB, 6(1-2), 36-45. Ötüken, A. (1979). Kütüphaneciliğimiz İçin, Ankara: Türk Kütüphaneciler Derneği. Parker, B. (1939). Türkiye’de İlk Tahsil Hakkında Rapor. İstanbul: Maarif Vekilliği. Parmaksızoğlu, İ. (1976). Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. Türk Ansiklopedisi, 24. Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basımevi. Sernikli, A. (2005). Elyazması Eserlerimizin Dünü Bugünü Yarını. Eski Eserler ve Müzecilik, Kütüphanecilik, Arşiv Dokümantasyon, V.Türk Kültürü Kongresi, Cumhuriyetten Günümüze Türk Kültürünün Dünü, Bugünü ve Geleceği, 9 (içinde 27-42). Ankara AKM Yayınları. Soysal, Ö. (1987). Cumhuriyet ve Kütüphaneciliğimiz 1923’ten 1963’e. İ.Ü.Edebiyat Fakültesi Kütüphanecilik Dergisi, Sayı:1’den ayrı basım, 17-78. Soysal, Ö. (2009). Kütüphanecilik. Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Kültürü: Atatürk Dönemi (1920-1938), 3. Cilt (içinde 1343-1358). O. Horata (vd.) (Ed.). Ankara: Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı. Stummvoll, J. (1935). Yeni Türkiye’de Kütüphanecilik. Ayın Tarihi, 23, 325-329. Süzmetaş, S. (1998). Atatürk Dönemi’nde İstanbul Üniversitesi Merkez Kütüphanesi (1924-1938). Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi. Şarman, K. (2015). Türk Promethe’ler: Cumhuriyet’in Öğrencileri Avrupa’da (1925-1945). İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları. Şenalp, L. (1991). Atatürk Dönemi Eğitim Sisteminde Kütüphanelerin Yeri. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, 7(21), 507-518. Şenalp, L. (1994). “Atatürk Dönemi Eğitim Sisteminde Kütüphanelerin Yeri. Birinci Uluslararası Atatürk Sempozyumu 21-23 Eylül 1987 (içinde 443-454). Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi. Şevki, H. (1929). İsveç Tetkikleri: Halk Kütüphaneleri. Ayın Tarihi, 20(66). Şıvgın, H. (2009). Atatürk Dönemi Kültür Kurumları. Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Kültürü: Atatürk Dönemi (1920-1938), 1. (içinde 63-72). O. Horata (vd.) (Ed.). Ankara: Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı. Tongul, N. (2004). Türk Harf İnkılâbı. Ankara Üniversitesi TİTE Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, 33-34, 103-130. Tonta, Y. (2012). Kütüphanecilik ve Bilgibilim Eğitiminde Gelişmeler ve Program Değişiklikleri. Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 26(2), 227-261. TÜİK resmi örün sayfası, Cinsiyete Göre Nüfus, Yıllık Nüfus Artış Hızı ve Nüfus Yoğunluğu, 1927-2021 https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Population-and-Housing-Census-2021-45866 Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Maarifi 1923-1943. (1943). Ankara: Maarif Matbaası. Ulu, C. (2014). 1416 Sayılı Ecnebi Memleketlere Gönderilecek Talebe Hakkında Kanun ve Cumhuriyetin İlk Yıllarındaki Uygulamaları. Tarih Okulu Dergisi, 17, 495-525. Uluskan, S.B. (2010). Atatürk’ün Sosyal ve Kültürel Politikaları. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi. Yılmaz, E. (2013). Ankara Adnan Ötüken İl Halk Kütüphanesi. Anadolu Kütüphaneleri (içinde 461-482). B. Yılmaz (Ed.). Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı.
Activities Realized in the Field of Librarianship in the Early Years of the Republic Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 192 – 212, 18.07.2024
Müşerref Avcı
https://doi.org/10.59116/lamre.1485996
Öz Some regulations, which were considered within the scope of the establishment of the national education system in the first years of the foundation of the Republic of Türkiye and had significant effects on cultural policy, have an important place in the for mation of the legal infrastructure of the tradition of Turkish Librarianship that has survived to this day. The aim of the study is to prove that libraries, which were places where works were preserved and used by certain users in the Ottoman Empire, were used as intermediary institutions in creating national consciousness by re-creating their collections, especially after the Alphabet Revolution, and explaining to the public the reforms made to raise the Turkish people to the level of contemporary civilization. Since the study covers a 20-year period starting from the War of Independence (1920-1940), librarianship activities are mentioned in general, and the contributions of the contemporary steps taken in the field of librarianship realized in the first years of the Republic to the development of Turkish Librarianship are examined. As a method, historical method was used that is referred to reveal past events or examine the relation of a problematic with the past and archival research and literature review methods were used as data collection techniques. In conclusion, in a society that lost a significant part of its educated manpower in wars, it has been found that libraries, which have been regarded as an intermediary cultural institution to increase the literacy rate, to teach reading and writing with new letters, and to familiarize people reading books and using libraries since the first years of the Republic have been successful in achieving this mission. The collective evaluation of these activities, which are important for the history of librarianship, in a study gives it a unique quality.
Anahtar Kelimeler Republic, Turkish Librarianship, librarianship activities
Kaynakça Acaroğlu, M.T. (1975). Kütüphaneciliğimizin Elli Yılı. TKDB, 24(1), 7-13. Adnan Ötüken’in Biyografisi. (1972). TKDB, 21(2), 65-74. Al, U. ve Akıllı, S. (2015). Public Libraries in Turkey: A Retrospective Look and The Present State. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 7, 1-12. Alp, H. (2010). 1926 Maarif Eminlikleri Talimatnamesi. Türkoloji Kültürü, 3(5), 47-55. Alp, H. (2013). Yüksek Muallim Mektebi Talimatnamesi. Yakın Dönem Türkiye Araştırmaları, 12(23), 95-111. Amerikan Heyeti Raporundan: Maarif İşleri. (1939). İstanbul: Maarif Vekilliği. Ankara Halkevi ve Kütüphane ve Neşriyat Şubesi Hususi Talimatnamesi. (1933). Ankara: Hakimiyeti Milliye Matbaası. Aslan, C. (2014). Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde Eğitim Bilimleri Alanında Yurt Dışına Öğrenci Gönderilmesi Olgusu (1923-1940). Doktora Tezi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi. Atatürk Özel Arşivinden Seçmeler III. (1994). Ankara: ATASE Başkanlığı. Atatürk, M.K. (1961). Atatürk’ün Söylev ve Demeçleri (1919-1938), I. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu. Atatürk, M.K. (1996). Atatürk’ün Yazdığı Yurttaşlık Bilgileri. N. Tezcan (Haz.). İstanbul: Çağdaş Yayınları. Atatürk’ün Özel Kütüphanesinin Kataloğu (Anıtkabir ve Çankaya Bölümleri). (1973). Ankara: Başbakanlık. Avcı, M. (2017). Atatürk Dönemi Kütüphanecilik Faaliyetleri 1923-1938. Doktora Tezi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi. Avcı, M. (2021). Osmanlı Dönemi Vakıf Kütüphaneleri ve Bu Kütüphanelerin Toplum Hayatına Etkileri, Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(2), 241-267. Balçık, M. (2005). Kültür Bakanlığı’nın Cumhuriyet Dönemi Teşkilatlanma Tarihi. Doktora Tezi. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Basma Yazı ve Resimleri Derleme Kanunu (1934, 2 Temmuz). Resmi Gazete (Sayı: 2741). Erişim adresi: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/2741.pdf Basma Yazı ve Resimleri Derleme İşleri Hakkında Kanun ve Talimatname. (1935). [Ankara]: Kültür Bakanlığı. Baysal, J. (1973). Cumhuriyetin 50.Yılına Armağan: Cumhuriyet Döneminde Türk Kütüphaneciliğinin Gelişmesi. İstanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi. Baysal, J. (2009). Kütüphanecilik. Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, 5 (içinde 1306-1322). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Berkes, N. (2014). Unutulan Yıllar. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Berktay, F. (2009). Kadın Kütüphaneleri: Kadın Hareketinin Kalıcı Belleği. Toplumsal Tarih, 184, 68-72. Biçer, H. (2013). Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e Devralınan Kütüphanecilik Mirası: Cumhuriyet Döneminde Kütüphaneciliğin Kurumsallaşması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi. Bozkurt, Birgül. John Dewey (1859-1952). Atatürk Ansiklopedisi. https://ataturkansiklopedisi.gov.tr/bilgi/john-dewey-1859-1952/?pdf=3906. Candan, B. (2013). Türk Kültüründe Kütüphaneler ve Eğitim Hayatımıza Etkileri: Cumhuriyet Öncesi Dönem. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(2), 105-124. Celal Esad [Arseven] (1340-1341). Notlar ve Kütübhanelere Dair Usul-ü Tasnif. Dersaadet: Matbaa-i Amire. CHP Halkevleri ve Halkodaları 1932-1942. [1942]. Ankara: Alaeddin Kıral Basımevi. Cumhuriyetin İlk Dönemi Eğitim Kurumları (1921-1926) Telif ve Tercüme Heyeti. https://ttkb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2017_09/29164441_heyeti_ilmiye.pdf. Cunbur, M. (1959). Batı’ya Kaçırılan Kitaplarımız. TKDB, 8(1), 3-16. Cunbur, M. (1963). Türk Kütüphaneciliğinin Tarihi Kökleri. TKDB, 12(3-4), 105-116. Cunbur, M. (1968). Fehmi Ethem Karatay’a ve Aziz Berker’e Saygı. TKDB, 17(1), 1-8. Cunbur, M. (1983). Kütüphaneler. Cumhuriyet Döneminde Eğitim. İstanbul: MEB Basımevi. Çakın, İ. (2013). Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet Dönemi Kütüphanecilik Eğitimi. Anadolu Kütüphaneleri (içinde 387-404). B. Yılmaz (Ed.). Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. Çakır, S. (1994). Osmanlı Kadın Hareketi. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları. Çeçen, A. (2000). Atatürk’ün Kültür Kurumu Halkevleri. İstanbul: Cumhuriyet Kitapları. Çelik, H. (2013). Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (TBMM) Kütüphanesi. Anadolu Kütüphaneleri (içinde 441-459). B. Yılmaz (Ed.). Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. Dewey, J. (1939). Türkiye Maarifi Hakkında Rapor. İstanbul: Maarif Vekilliği. Ersoy, O. (1966). Halk Kütüphanelerimiz Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Ankara: Güven Matbaası. Erünsal, İ.E. (2015). Osmanlılarda Kütüphaneler ve Kütüphanecilik. Milli Eğitim, 208, 194-199. Gökman, M. (1957). Prof. Helmutt Ritter’in İstanbul Kütüphaneleri Hakkında 22 Yıl Evvel Hazırlamış Olduğu Rapor ve Bugünkü İstanbul Kütüphaneleri. TKDB, 6(3), 32-39. Kantarcıoğlu, S. (1990). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Hükümet Programlarında Kültür. Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı. Karatay, F.E. (1968). Hayatımdan Parçalar. TKDB, 17(2), 73-74. Kavcar, C. (1975). Kütüphane. Türk Ansiklopedisi, 22. Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basımevi. Koşay, H.Z. (1960). Kütüphanelere Dair (I). TKDB, 9(1-2), 36-40. Malche, A. (1939). İstanbul Üniversitesi Hakkında Rapor. İstanbul: Maarif Vekilliği. Milli Kütüphane resmi örün sayfası. millikutuphane.gov.tr/page/Tarihce Ötüken, A. (1957a). Türkiye’de Kütüphanecilik Öğretiminin Tarihçesi. TKDB, 6(1-2), 1-35. Ötüken, A. (1957b). Prof.Hellmutt Ritter’in İstanbul Kütüphaneleri Hakkında Mühim Bir Raporu. TKDB, 6(1-2), 36-45. Ötüken, A. (1979). Kütüphaneciliğimiz İçin, Ankara: Türk Kütüphaneciler Derneği. Parker, B. (1939). Türkiye’de İlk Tahsil Hakkında Rapor. İstanbul: Maarif Vekilliği. Parmaksızoğlu, İ. (1976). Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. Türk Ansiklopedisi, 24. Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basımevi. Sernikli, A. (2005). Elyazması Eserlerimizin Dünü Bugünü Yarını. Eski Eserler ve Müzecilik, Kütüphanecilik, Arşiv Dokümantasyon, V.Türk Kültürü Kongresi, Cumhuriyetten Günümüze Türk Kültürünün Dünü, Bugünü ve Geleceği, 9 (içinde 27-42). Ankara AKM Yayınları. Soysal, Ö. (1987). Cumhuriyet ve Kütüphaneciliğimiz 1923’ten 1963’e. İ.Ü.Edebiyat Fakültesi Kütüphanecilik Dergisi, Sayı:1’den ayrı basım, 17-78. Soysal, Ö. (2009). Kütüphanecilik. Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Kültürü: Atatürk Dönemi (1920-1938), 3. Cilt (içinde 1343-1358). O. Horata (vd.) (Ed.). Ankara: Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı. Stummvoll, J. (1935). Yeni Türkiye’de Kütüphanecilik. Ayın Tarihi, 23, 325-329. Süzmetaş, S. (1998). Atatürk Dönemi’nde İstanbul Üniversitesi Merkez Kütüphanesi (1924-1938). Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi. Şarman, K. (2015). Türk Promethe’ler: Cumhuriyet’in Öğrencileri Avrupa’da (1925-1945). İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları. Şenalp, L. (1991). Atatürk Dönemi Eğitim Sisteminde Kütüphanelerin Yeri. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, 7(21), 507-518. Şenalp, L. (1994). “Atatürk Dönemi Eğitim Sisteminde Kütüphanelerin Yeri. Birinci Uluslararası Atatürk Sempozyumu 21-23 Eylül 1987 (içinde 443-454). Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi. Şevki, H. (1929). İsveç Tetkikleri: Halk Kütüphaneleri. Ayın Tarihi, 20(66). Şıvgın, H. (2009). Atatürk Dönemi Kültür Kurumları. Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Kültürü: Atatürk Dönemi (1920-1938), 1. (içinde 63-72). O. Horata (vd.) (Ed.). Ankara: Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı. Tongul, N. (2004). Türk Harf İnkılâbı. Ankara Üniversitesi TİTE Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, 33-34, 103-130. Tonta, Y. (2012). Kütüphanecilik ve Bilgibilim Eğitiminde Gelişmeler ve Program Değişiklikleri. Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 26(2), 227-261. TÜİK resmi örün sayfası, Cinsiyete Göre Nüfus, Yıllık Nüfus Artış Hızı ve Nüfus Yoğunluğu, 1927-2021 https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Population-and-Housing-Census-2021-45866 Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Maarifi 1923-1943. (1943). Ankara: Maarif Matbaası. Ulu, C. (2014). 1416 Sayılı Ecnebi Memleketlere Gönderilecek Talebe Hakkında Kanun ve Cumhuriyetin İlk Yıllarındaki Uygulamaları. Tarih Okulu Dergisi, 17, 495-525. Uluskan, S.B. (2010). Atatürk’ün Sosyal ve Kültürel Politikaları. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi. Yılmaz, E. (2013). Ankara Adnan Ötüken İl Halk Kütüphanesi. Anadolu Kütüphaneleri (içinde 461-482). B. Yılmaz (Ed.). Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. Toplam 67 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Kütüphane Çalışmaları Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri Yazarlar Müşerref Avcı Hava Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı 0000-0003-1782-6354 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Temmuz 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Mayıs 2024 Kabul Tarihi 4 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2
Kaynak Göster APA Avcı, M. (2024). Cumhuriyet’in İlk Yıllarında Kütüphanecilik Alanında Gerçekleştirilen Faaliyetler. Library Archive and Museum Research Journal, 5(2), 192-212. https://doi.org/10.59116/lamre.1485996
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