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[en] | List of Polish monarchs Skip to content
This article is about the historical monarchs of Poland, from the Middle Ages to 1795. For heads of state of republican Poland since 1919, see
List of heads of state of Poland .
Poland was ruled at various times either by dukes and princes (10th to 14th centuries) or by kings (11th to 18th centuries). During the latter period, a tradition of free election of monarchs made it a uniquely electable position in Europe (16th to 18th centuries).
The first Polish ruler whose existence is not debatable was Duke Mieszko I , who adopted Christianity under the authority of Rome in the year 966. He was succeeded by his son, Bolesław I the Brave , who greatly expanded the boundaries of the Polish state and ruled as the first king in 1025. The following centuries gave rise to the mighty Piast dynasty , consisting of both kings such as Mieszko II Lambert , Przemysł II or Władysław I the Elbow-high and dukes like Bolesław III Wrymouth . The dynasty’s rule over Poland ceased with the death of Casimir III the Great in 1370. In the same year, the Capetian House of Anjou became the ruling house with Louis I as king of both Poland and Hungary . His daughter, Jadwiga , later married Jogaila, the pagan Grand Duke of Lithuania , who in 1386 was baptized and crowned as Władysław II Jagiełło , thus creating the Jagiellonian dynasty and a personal union between Poland and Lithuania .
During the reign of Casimir IV Jagiellon and Sigismund I the Old , culture flourished and cities developed. This era of progress, also known as the Polish Renaissance , continued until the Union of Lublin under Sigismund II Augustus , which unofficially marked the end of the Polish Golden Age . After the death of the last Jagiellonian king, the united Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth became an elective monarchy with mostly foreigners elected as monarchs such as Henry III of France , who witnessed the introduction of the Golden Liberty system and Stephen Báthory , a capable military commander who strengthened the nation. The meaningful rule of the Vasa dynasty initially expanded the Commonwealth as the arts and crafts developed, as well as trade and commerce. King Sigismund III Vasa , a talented but somewhat despotic ruler, involved the country in many wars, which subsequently resulted in the successful capture of Moscow and the loss of Livonia to Sweden . His son, Władysław IV Vasa , fiercely defended the Commonwealth’s borders and continued the policy of his father until his death, unlike John II Casimir whose tragic rule resulted in his abdication .
The election of John III Sobieski to the Polish throne proved to be beneficial for the Commonwealth. A brilliant military tactician, John III led the coalition forces to victory at Vienna in 1683 and he partially recaptured land from the Ottoman Empire . However, the years that followed were not as successful.[ 4] The long and ineffective rule of the Wettin dynasty (Augustus II the Strong and Augustus III ) placed the Commonwealth under the influence of Saxony and the Russian Empire . Additional feuds with rebel nobility (szlachta ) and most notably Stanislaus I Leszczyński and France diminished the influence of Poland–Lithuania in the region, which led to the partitions that occurred under King Stanislaus II Augustus , yet another enlightened , but ineffective monarch. The last true sovereign of Poland was Frederick Augustus I as Duke of Warsaw , who throughout his political career attempted to rehabilitate the Polish state. Following the Napoleonic Wars , many sovereigns claimed the title of Polish king, duke or ruler, notably German, Russian and Austrian emperors. The monarchy was abolished and a parliamentary republican authority was established when Poland was re-constituted as a sovereign state in 1918 .
Most of the legendary Polish rulers appear for the first time in chronicles from the 13th century and their existence has not been determined.
The three direct predecessors of Mieszko I are known only from the account of Gallus Anonymus , who wrote the oldest Polish chronicle, Gesta principum Polonorum at the beginning of the 12th century. Though their historicity was once debatable, now historians tend to consider them actually existing rulers.[ 6]
Name Portrait Birth Marriage(s) Death Claim House DukeMieszko I Latin: Misico, dux Wandalorum 960 – 25 May 992(31–32 years) c. 930 Son of semi-legendary Siemomysł
(1) Doubravka of Bohemia c. 965 2 children(2) Oda of Haldensleben c. 980 3 children
25 May 992Poznań Aged about 62 First Christian ruler of PolandSuccession
Piast King Bolesław I the Brave also Boleslaus I the Great Polish : Bolesław I Chrobry (Wielki) 992–1025 (as duke)18 April 1025–17 June 1025 (as king)(32–33 years)
c. 967 Poznań Son of Mieszko I and Doubravka of Bohemia
(1) Hunilda, daughter of Rikdag(2) Judith of Hungary
(3) Emnilda of Lusatia
(4) Oda of Meissen
17 June 1025Kraków Aged about 58 First crowned kingSuccession
Piast King Mieszko II Lambert 25 December 1025–1031(5–6 years) c. 990 Son of Bolesław I the Brave and Emnilda of Lusatia
(1) Richeza of Lotharingia , 4 children10/11 May 1034Poznań Aged about 44 Crowned kingSuccession
Deposed as a result of the Pagan Rebellion
Piast DukeBezprym 1031–1032 (0–1 years) c. 986 Son of Bolesław I the Brave and Judith of Hungary
Unknown c. 1032 Aged about 46Country divided, ruler of a DuchyUsurped
Piast DukeOtto 1032–1033 (0–1 years) c. 1000 Son of Bolesław I the Brave and Emnilda of Lusatia
Unknown c. 1033 Aged about 33Country divided, ruler of a DuchyUsurped
Piast DukeDytryk also Dietrich and Theoderick 1032–1033 (0–1 years) c. 992 Son of Lambert Mieszkowic or Mieszko Mieszkowic
Unknown c. 1033 Aged about 41Country divided, ruler of a DuchyUsurped
Piast DukeMieszko II Lambert 1033–1034(0–1 years) c. 990 Son of Bolesław I the Brave and Emnilda of Lusatia
(1) Richeza of Lotharingia , 4 children10/11 May 1034Poznań Aged about 44 Restored as duke Piast DukeBolesław the Forgotten Polish : Bolesław Zapomniany 1034–1038/1039(4–5 years) before 1016Presumed son of Mieszko II Lambert
Unknown 1038/1039 Semi-legendary, existence disputed Piast DukeCasimir I the Restorer Polish : Kazimierz I Odnowiciel 1034/1040–1058(17–18 years) 25 July 1016Son of Mieszko II Lambert and Richeza of Lotharingia
(1) Maria Dobroniega , 5 children19 March 1058Poznań Aged 41 Made prince in 1034, returned from abroad in 1040Restoration
Piast King Bolesław II the Generous Polish : Bolesław II Szczodry (Śmiały) 1058–1076 (as duke) 26 December 1076–1079 (as king)(20–21 years) 1042Son of Casimir I the Restorer and Maria Dobroniega
(1) Wyszesława , 1 son2/3 April 1081Hungary or Ossiach Aged about 39 Crowned king in 1076Deposed and exiled in 1079 after slaying Saint Stanislaus
Piast DukeWładysław I Herman 1079–4 June 1102(22–23 years) 1044Son of Casimir I the Restorer and Maria Dobroniega
(1) Przecława(2) Judith of Bohemia
(3) Judith of Swabia
24 June 1102Płock Aged about 58 Succeeded brother after his exile Piast DukeZbigniew 1102–1107(4–5 years) c. 1073 Son of Władysław I Herman and Przecława (?)
Unknown 8 July 1113 Aged about 40 Succession Piast DukeBolesław III Wrymouth also Boleslaus III Polish : Bolesław III Krzywousty 1107–1138(30–31 years) 20 August 1086Płock Son of Władysław I Herman and Judith of Bohemia
(1) Zbyslava of Kiev (2) Salomea of Berg
28 October 1138Sochaczew Aged 52 SuccessionHis death led to the fragmentation of Poland
Piast
Fragmentation of Poland (1138–1320)
Name Portrait Birth Marriage(s) Death Claim House High DukeWładysław II the Exile Polish : Władysław II Wygnaniec 1138–1146(7–8 years) 1105Kraków Son of Bolesław III Wrymouth and Zbyslava of Kiev
(1) Agnes of Babenberg , 5 children30 May 1159Altenburg Aged 54 SuccessionDeposed and exiled
Piast High DukeBolesław IV the Curly Polish : Bolesław IV Kędzierzawy 1146–1173(26–27 years) c. 1125 Son of Bolesław III Wrymouth and Salomea of Berg
(1) Viacheslava of Novgorod , 3 children5 January 1173 Aged about 51 Succeeded exiled half-brother Piast High DukeMieszko III Polish : Mieszko III Stary 1173–1177(3–4 years) c. 1127 Son of Bolesław III Wrymouth and Salomea of Berg
(1) Elisabeth of Hungary (2) Eudoxia of Kiev
13 March 1202Kalisz Aged about 75 SuccessionDeposed by brother in 1177
Piast High DukeCasimir II the Just Polish : Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy 1177–1190(12–13 years) c. 1138 Son of Bolesław III Wrymouth and Salomea of Berg
(1) Helen of Znojmo , 7 children5 May 1194Kraków Aged about 56 Usurped power from brother Piast Mieszko III 1190–1190– – – Usurped Piast Casimir II the Just 1190–1194– – – Usurped Piast High DukeLeszek I the White Polish : Leszek Biały 1194–1198(3–4 years) c. 1184 /1185Son of Casimir II the Just and Helen of Znojmo
(1) Grzymisława of Luck , 2 children24 November 1227Marcinkowo Górne Aged about 43 Succession Piast Mieszko III 1198–1199– – – Usurped Piast Leszek I the White 1199–1199– – – Restored Piast Mieszko III 1199–1202– – – Usurped Piast High DukeWładysław III Spindleshanks Polish : Władysław III Laskonogi 1202–1206(3–4 years) c. 1167 Son of Mieszko III and Eudoxia of Kiev
(1) Lucia of Rügen , 2 children3 November 1231 Aged about 64 Usurped Piast Leszek I the White 1206–1210– – – Restored Piast High DukeMieszko IV Tanglefoot Polish : Mieszko IV Plątonogi 1210–1211(0–1 years) c. 1130 Son of Władysław II the Exile and Agnes of Babenberg
(1) Ludmila , 5 children16 May 1211 Aged about 81 Usurped Piast Leszek I the White 1211–1227(15–16 years) – – – RestoredMurdered in 1227
Piast Władysław III Spindleshanks 1227–1229– – – Usurped Piast High DukeKonrad I of Masovia 1229–1232(2–3 years) c. 1187 /1188Son of Casimir II the Just and Helen of Znojmo
(1) Agafia of Rus , 10 children31 August 1247 Aged about 60 Usurped Piast High DukeHenry I the Bearded Polish : Henryk I Brodaty 1232–1238(5–6 years) c. 1165 /1188Głogów Son of Bolesław I the Tall and Christina (?)
(1) Hedwig of Andechs , 7 children19 March 1238Krosno Odrzańskie Aged about 73 Usurped Piast High DukeHenry II the Pious Polish : Henryk II Pobożny 1238–1241(2–3 years) c. 1196 Głogów Son of Henry the Bearded and Hedwig of Andechs
(1) Anne of Bohemia , 10 children9 April 1241Legnickie Pole Aged about 45 SuccessionKilled at the Battle of Legnica
Piast High DukeBolesław II the Horned Polish : Bolesław II Rogatka 1241–1241 c. 1220 /1225Głogów Son of Henry II the Pious and Anne of Bohemia
(1) Hedwig of Anhalt, 7 children(2) Euphemia of Pomerania(3) Sophia of Dyhrn26 December 1278Legnica SuccessionDeposed
Piast High DukeKonrad I of Masovia 1241–1243(1–2 years) c. 1187 /1188Son of Casimir II the Just and Helen of Znojmo
(1) Agafia of Rus , 10 children31 August 1247 Aged about 60 Usurped Piast High DukeBolesław V the Chaste Polish : Bolesław V Wstydliwy 1243–1279(35–36 years) 21 June 1226Stary Korczyn Son of Leszek I the White and Grzymisława of Luck
(1) Kinga of Poland , no children7 December 1279Kraków Aged 52 Restored as rightful Duke Piast High DukeLeszek II the Black Polish : Leszek Czarny 1279–1288(8–9 years) c. 1241 Brześć Kujawski Son of Casimir I of Kuyavia and Constance of Wrocław
(1) Gryfina of Halych 30 September 1288Kraków Aged about 47 Succession Piast High DukeHenryk IV Probus English: Henry the Righteous Polish : Henryk IV Prawy 1288–1290(8–9 years) c. 1257 /1258Son of Henry III the White and Judith of Masovia
(1) Constance of Opole (2) Matilda of Brandenburg
23 June 1290Wrocław Aged about 32 Succession Piast
Attempt at restoration (1295–1296)
House of Piast (restored)
Name Portrait Arms Birth Marriage(s) Death Claim House King Władysław II Jagiełło Lithuanian : Jogaila 4 March 1386 – 1 June 1434(48 years, 90 days) c. 1352 /1362Vilnius Son of Algirdas and Uliana of Tver
(1) Hedwig of Poland (Jadwiga)(2) Anna of Cilli
(3) Elisabeth of Pilica
(4) Sophia of Halshany
1 June 1434Gródek Aged 72–82 Born a paganPreviously Grand Duke of Lithuania
Crowned co-ruler with wife Hedwig
Longest-reigning Polish monarch
Jagiellon King Władysław III English: Ladislaus III of Varna Polish : Władysław III Warneńczyk 25 July 1434 – 10 November 1444(10 years, 109 days) 31 October 1424Kraków Son of Jogaila and Sophia of Halshany
Unmarried and childless 10 November 1444Varna Aged 20 Succeeded his father in PolandKilled at the Battle of Varna
Interregnum until 1447
Jagiellon King Casimir IV Polish : Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk 25 June 1447 – 7 June 1492(44 years, 349 days) 30 November 1427Kraków Son of Jogaila and Sophia of Halshany
Elizabeth of Habsburg , 13 children7 June 1492Grodno Aged 64 SuccessionPreviously Grand Duke of Lithuania
Divided the Polish-Lithuanian realm between John and Alexander
Jagiellon King John I Albert Polish : Jan I Olbracht 23 September 1492 – 17 June 1501(8 years, 268 days) 27 December 1459Kraków Son of Casimir IV and Elizabeth of Habsburg
Unmarried and childless 17 June 1501Toruń Aged 41 Succeeded his father in PolandLaid foundation for the Sejm and Senate (Polish Parliament)
Jagiellon King Alexander Polish : Aleksander Jagiellończyk 12 December 1501 – 19 August 1506(4 years, 251 days) 5 August 1461Kraków Son of Casimir IV and Elizabeth of Habsburg
(1) Helena of Moscow , childless19 August 1506Vilnius Aged 45 Succeeded his brother in PolandPreviously Grand Duke of Lithuania
Buried in Lithuania
Jagiellon King Sigismund I the Old Polish : Zygmunt I Stary 8 December 1506 – 1 April 1548(41 years, 116 days) 1 January 1467Kozienice Son of Casimir IV and Elizabeth of Habsburg
(1) Barbara Zápolya (2) Bona Sforza of Milan
1 April 1548Kraków Aged 81 Succeeded his brother in Poland and Lithuania Jagiellon King Sigismund II Augustus Polish : Zygmunt II August 1 April 1548 – 7 July 1572(24 years, 98 days) 1 August 1520Kraków Son of Sigismund I and Bona Sforza
(1) Elizabeth of Austria (2) Barbara Radziwiłł
(3) Catherine of Austria
7 July 1572Knyszyn Aged 51 SuccessionFormation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth with an elective monarchy
Last male member of the Jagiellonian Dynasty, died heirless
Jagiellon
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1569–1795
Name Portrait Arms Birth Marriage(s) Death Claim House King Henry Polish : Henryk Walezy 16 May 1573 – 12 May 1575(1 year, 362 days) 19 September 1551Fontainebleau Son of Henry II and Catherine de’ Medici
(1) Louise of Lorraine , no children2 August 1589Saint-Cloud Aged 37 ElectedLeft Poland in June 1574 to succeed his brother in France
Interregnum until 1575
Valois Queen Anna Polish : Anna Jagiellonka 15 December 1575 – 19 August 1587 (de facto) (11 years, 248 days) – 9 September 1596 (de jure) (20 years, 270 days) 18 October 1523Kraków Daughter of Sigismund I and Bona Sforza
(1) Stephen Báthory , no children9 September 1596Warsaw Aged 72 Elected co-monarch with Stephen Báthory Sole ruler until Báthory’s arrival and coronation in May 1576
Ruled after husband’s death until her nephew was elected
Jagiellon King Stephen Báthory Polish : Stefan Batory 1 May 1576 – 12 December 1586(10 years, 226 days) 27 September 1533Szilágysomlyó Son of Stephen Báthory of Somlyó and Catherine Telegdi
(1) Anna Jagiellon , no children12 December 1586Grodno Aged 53 Elected as co-monarch with Anna Jagiellon Prince of Transylvania
Báthory King Sigismund III Polish : Zygmunt III Waza 19 August 1587 – 30 April 1632(44 years, 256 days) 20 June 1566Gripsholm Son of John III of Sweden and Catherine Jagiellon
(1) Anne of Austria (2) Constance of Austria
30 April 1632Warsaw Aged 65 Elected, nephew of Anna JagiellonTransferred capital from Kraków to Warsaw
Hereditary King of Sweden until deposition in 1599
Vasa King Władysław IV also Ladislaus IV Polish : Władysław IV Waza 8 November 1632 – 20 May 1648(15 years, 195 days) 9 June 1595Łobzów Son of Sigismund III and Anne of Austria
(1) Cecilia Renata of Austria (2) Marie Louise Gonzaga
20 May 1648Merkinė Aged 52 Elective successionAlso titular King of Sweden and elected Tsar of Russia (1610–1613) when the Polish army captured Moscow
Vasa King John II Casimir Polish : Jan II Kazimierz 20 November 1648 – 16 September 1668(19 years, 302 days) 22 March 1609Kraków Son of Sigismund III and Constance of Austria
(1) Marie Louise Gonzaga (2) Claudine Françoise Mignot (morganatic marriage )
16 December 1672Nevers Aged 63 Elective succession, succeeded half-brotherPreviously a cardinal
Titular King of Sweden
Abdicated
Vasa King Michael I Polish : Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki 19 June 1669 – 10 November 1673(4 years, 145 days) 31 May 1640Biały Kamień Son of Jeremi Wiśniowiecki and Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska
(1) Eleonora Maria of Austria , no children10 November 1673Lwów Aged 33 ElectedBorn into nobility of mixed heritage, the son of a military commander and governor
Wiśniowiecki King John III Sobieski Polish : Jan III Sobieski 19 May 1674 – 17 June 1696(22 years, 30 days) 17 August 1629Olesko Son of Jakub Sobieski and Teofila Zofia
(1) Marie Casimire d’Arquien , 13 children17 June 1696Wilanów Aged 66 ElectedBorn into nobility
A successful military commander
Sobieski King Augustus II Polish : August II Mocny 15 September 1697 – 1706(1st reign, 9 years) 12 May 1670Dresden Son of John George III and Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark
(1) Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth , 1 son by wife1 February 1733Warsaw Aged 62 ElectedPreviously Elector and ruler of Saxony
Dethroned by Stanislaus I in 1706 during the Great Northern War
Wettin King Stanislaus I Polish : Stanisław I Leszczyński 12 July 1704 – 8 July 1709(1st reign, 4 years, 362 days) 20 October 1677Lwów Son of Rafał Leszczyński and Anna Jabłonowska
(1) Catherine Opalińska , 2 children23 February 1766Lunéville Aged 88 UsurpedNominated as ruler in 1704, crowned in 1705 and deposed predecessor in 1706
Exiled in 1709
Leszczyński King Augustus II Polish : August II Mocny 8 July 1709 – 1 February 1733(2nd reign, 23 years, 209 days) 12 May 1670Dresden Son of John George III and Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark
(1) Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth , 1 son by wife1 February 1733Warsaw Aged 62 Restored Wettin King Stanislaus I Polish : Stanisław I Leszczyński 12 September 1733 – 26 January 1736(2nd reign, 2 years, 137 days) 20 October 1677Lwów Son of Rafał Leszczyński and Anna Jabłonowska
(1) Catherine Opalińska , 2 children23 February 1766Lunéville Aged 88 ElectedHis election sparked the War of the Polish Succession
Deposed by Augustus III in 1736
Leszczyński King Augustus III Polish : August III Sas 5 October 1733 – 5 October 1763(30 years) 17 October 1696Dresden Son of Augustus II the Strong and Christiane Eberhardine
(1) Maria Josepha of Austria , 16 children5 October 1763Dresden Aged 66 UsurpedProclaimed King of Poland in 1733, crowned in 1734
Dethroned elected predecessor in 1736
Wettin King Stanislaus II Augustus Polish : Stanisław II August 7 September 1764 – 25 November 1795(31 years, 80 days) 17 January 1732Wołczyn Son of Stanisław Poniatowski and Konstancja Czartoryska
Unmarried 1 February 1798Saint Petersburg Aged 66 ElectedBorn into nobility
Last King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, his reign ended in the Partitions of Poland
Poniatowski
Duchy of Warsaw, 1807–1815
Family tree of the rulers of Poland
This is a family tree of the Kings of Poland . a
king of Poland high duke duke
Chościsko Piast the Wheelwright Siemowit Lestek Siemomysł died ca. 950–960Mieszko I 930–960–992Judith of Hungary 969–988Bolesław I Chrobry 967–992–1025Emnilda of Lusatia 975–1017 Bezprym 986–1031–1032Mieszko II Lambert 990–1034 r. 1025–1031,1032–1034Bolesław the Forgotten r. 1034–1039 Casimir I the Restorer 1016–1038–1058Bolesław II the Generous 1041–1081 r. 1058–1079Przecława Władysław I Herman 1044–1079–1102Judith of Bohemia 1058–1086Mieszko Bolesławowic 1069–1089Zbigniew 1073–1113 r. 1102–1107Zbyslava of Kiev 1090–1112Bolesław III Wrymouth 1086–1102–1138Salomea of Berg 1101–1144Władysław II the Exile 1105–1159 r. 1138–1146Bolesław I the Tall 1127–1201Mieszko IV Tanglefoot 1130–1210–1211Mieszko III the Old 1126–1202 r. 1173–1177, 1191, 1198–1199, 1202Bolesław IV the Curly 1125–1146–1173Casimir II the Just 1138–1194 r. 1177–1191, 1191–1194Agnes of Poland 1137–>1182Mstislav II of Kiev ?–1172 r. 1167–1169, 1170Odon of Poznań 1149–1194Henry I the Bearded 1165–1238 r. 1225, 1232–1238Casimir I of Opole r. 1211 – 1230Władysław III Spindleshanks 1161–1231 r. 1202–1206, 1227–1229Leszek I the White 1186–1227 r. 1194–1198, 1199–1202, 1206–1210, 1211–1225, 1225–1227Konrad I of Masovia 1187–1247 r. 1229–1232, 1241–1243Anastasia (Maria) of Poland Vsevolod IV of Kiev r. 1203, 1206, 1207, 1208–1212Roman the Great of Halych 1152–1205 r. 1189, 1198–1205Władysław Odonic 1190–1239Henry II the Pious 1196–1238–1241Bolesław V the Chaste 1226–1243–1279Michael of Chernigov r. 1223–1235, 1242–1246Daniel of Galicia 1201–1264 r. 1213–1264Bolesław the Pious 1224/27 – 1279Przemysł I of Greater Poland 1221–1257Elisabeth of Wrocław 1232–1265Bolesław II Rogatka 1225–1278 r. 1241Henry III the White 1230–1266Constance of Wrocław 1227–1257Casimir I of Kuyavia 1211–1267Euphrosyne of Opole 1228–1292Rostislav of Macsó r. 1248–1262Leo I of Galicia c. 1228 – c. 1301 1264–1301Przemysł II 1257–1290–1296Henryk IV Probus 1258–1288–1290Leszek II the Black 1241–1279–1288Ottokar II of Bohemia c. 1233 – 1253 – 1278Kunigunda of Halych 1245 – 1261 – 1285Rudolf I of Bohemia titular king 1281–1306–1307Elisabeth Richeza of Poland 1286–1335Wenceslaus II of Bohemia 1271–1296–1305Judith of Habsburg 1271–1297Hedwig of Kalisz 1266 – 1339Władysław I the Elbow-high 1261–1306–1333Euphemia of Kuyavia 1265–1308Yuri I of Galicia 1252–1308John of Bohemia titular king 1296–1346 r. 1310–1335Elisabeth of Bohemia 1292–1330Wenceslaus III of Bohemia 1289–1305–1306Anne of Bohemia 1290–1313Henry of Bohemia titular king 1265–1335 r. 1307–1310Casimir III the Great 1310–1333–1370Elisabeth of Poland 1305–1380Charles I of Hungary 1286–1342Anastasia of Halych Alexander prince of Tver 1301–1339John II of France 1319–1364Bonne of Luxembourg 1315–1349William, Count of Celje 1361–1392Anna of Poland 1366–1425Louis I of Hungary 1342–1370–1382Elisabeth of Poland 1326–1361Uliana of Tver 1325–1391Charles V of France 1338–1380Anna of Cilli 1381–1416Władysław II Jagiełło 1362–1386–1434Jadwiga of Poland 1373–1384–1399Elizabeth of Pomerania 1347–1393Louis I, Duke of Orléans 1372–1407Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor 1368–1437John, Count of Angoulême 1399–1467Sophia of Halshany 1405–1461Elizabeth of Luxembourg 1409–1442Charles, Count of Angoulême 1459–1496Władysław III 1424–1434–1444Casimir IV 1427–1447–1492Elizabeth of Austria 1436–1505Francis I of France 1494–1547Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary 1456–1516John I Albert 1459–1492–1501Alexander I 1461–1501–1506Sigismund I the Old 1467–1506–1548Anna of Poland 1476–1503Henry II of France 1519–1559Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor 1503–1564Anne of Bohemia and Hungary 1503–1547Sophie of Pomerania 1498–1568Henry III 1551–1589 r. 1574–1575Maximilian I 1527–1576 elected 1575Charles II, Archduke of Austria 1540–1590Elisabeth of Austria 1526–1545Sigismund II Augustus 1520–1548–1572John III of Sweden 1537–1592Catherine Jagellon 1526–1583Anna Jagiellon 1523–1596 r. 1575–1586Stephen Báthory 1533–1575–1586Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp 1526–1586Maximilian II 1558–1618 elected 1587Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor 1578–1637Constance of Austria 1558–1631Sigismund III Vasa 1566–1587–1632John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp 1575–1616Maria Anna of Austria 1610–1665)Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor 1608–1657Cecilia Renata of Austria 1611–1644Władysław IV 1595–1632–1648John II Casimir 1609–1672 r. 1648–1668Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp 1597–1659John III Sobieski 1629–1674–1696Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria 1636–1679Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor 1640–1705Eleanor of Austria 1653–1697Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki 1640–1669–1673Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp 1641–1695Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska 1676–1730Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria 1662–1726Maria Antonia of Austria 1669–1692Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor 1678–1711Augustus II the Strong 1670–1733 r. 1697–1704, 1709–1733Stanisław Leszczyński 1677–1766 r. 1704–1709, 1733–1734François Louis, Prince of Conti 1664–1709 elected 1697Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin 1673–1726Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp 1671–1702Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor 1697–1745Maria Amalia of Austria 1701–1756Maria Josepha of Austria 1699–1757Augustus III 1696–1734–1763Marie Leszczyńska 1703–1768Louis XV of France 1710–1774Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp 1712–1760Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp 1700–1739Maria Antonia of Bavaria 1724–1780Frederick Christian elector of SaxonyFrancis Xavier of Saxony 1730–1806Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony 1731–1767Louis, Dauphin of France 1729–1765Stanisław August Poniatowski 1732–1798 r. 1764–1795Catherine the Great 1729–1795–1796Peter III of Russia 1728–1762Frederick August duke of WarsawPaul I of Russia 1754–1796–1801Maria Augusta of Saxony 1782–1863Alexander II 1777–1801–1825Nicholas I 1796–1825–1855Alexander III 1818–1858–1881Alexander IV 1845–1881–1894Nicholas II 1868–1918 r. 1894–1917
Pretenders to the Polish throne
Duczmal M., Jagiellonowie. Leksykon biograficzny, Kraków 1996. Dybkowska A., Żaryn J., Żaryn M., Polskie dzieje. Od czasów najdawniejszych po współczesność, wyd. 2, Warszawa 1995.ISBN 83-01-11870-9 Gierowski J.A. , Rzeczpospolita w dobie złotej wolności (1648–1763), Kraków 2001.ISBN 83-85719-56-3 Grodziski S. , Polska w czasach przełomu (1764–1815), Kraków 2001.ISBN 83-85719-45-8 Grodziski S., Porównawcza historia ustrojów państwowych, Kraków 1998.ISBN 83-7052-840-6 Grzybowski S. , Dzieje Polski i Litwy (1506–1648), Kraków 2000.ISBN 83-85719-48-2 Morby J.E., Dynastie świata. Przewodnik chronologiczny i genealogiczny, Kraków 1995, s. 261–263.ISBN 83-7006-263-6 Wyrozumski J. , Dzieje Polski piastowskiej (VIII w.-1370), Kraków 1999.ISBN 83-85719-38-5 Zientara B. , Henryk Brodaty i jego czasy, wyd. 2, Warszawa 1997.
Source: en.wikipedia.org