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et-TARÎKATÜ’l-MUHAMMEDİYYE Skip to content Birgivî Mehmed Efendi’nin (ö. 981/1573) Kur’an’a ve sünnete uygun bir dinî hayatın esaslarını ortaya koyduğu ve bid‘atlara karşı uyarılarda bulunduğu eseri.
Tam adı eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ve’s-sîretü’l-Aḥmediyye ’dir. Hz. Peygamber’in sünnetini yaşanır kılma ve müslüman toplumu, inanç ve ibadet hayatına sirayet eden bid‘at lara karşı uyarma gayesiyle yazılan bu eser, hayatının son yıllarında kaleme almış olması sebebiyle müellifin düşünce dünyasını tam olarak yansıtır niteliktedir. XVI. yüzyıl Osmanlı toplumunun dinî ve ahlâkî bunalımlarına dair tesbit ve tanımlamaları, eseri klasik anlamda bir ahlâk-tasavvuf kaynağı olmasının yanı sıra sosyal tarih açısından da değerli kılmaktadır. Arapça olan eserin sade bir dille ve sohbet üslûbunda yazılmış olması, yer yer konuların soru-cevap şeklinde ele alınması ve numaralandırılması, bazı bölümlerin sonunda ele alınan başlıkların bir liste halinde sunulması içeriğin zihinde yer etmesini sağladığı gibi anlaşılmasını da kolaylaştırmaktadır. eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ele aldığı konunun önemi ve üslûbu kadar, yazılışından yaklaşık bir asır sonra ortaya çıkan ve Osmanlı ilim ve kültür hayatında ciddi etkileri olan Kadızâdeliler ile Sivâsîler arasındaki mücadelenin de etkisiyle çok tartışılmış ve günümüze kadar devam eden yaygın ilgiye mazhar olmuş bir eserdir.
Eserin muhtevası kısaca, Mâtürîdî mezhebinin sağlam itikadî görüşleri ve Hanefî fıkhının bakış açısı çerçevesinde takvâ şuuru kazandıracak ahlâk ilkelerinden oluşmaktadır. Müellif, sağlam bir sistematik kurguya sahip olan eserini üç ana bölüme (bab), her bölümü de üç alt bölüme (fasıl) ayırmıştır. Birinci bölüm, “Kur’an’a ve sünnete bağlı kalıp bid‘atlardan uzaklaşma ve ibadetlerin yerine getirilmesi sırasında aşırılığa kaçmama” hakkındadır. İlk fasılda âyet ve hadisler ışığında Kur’an’a ve sünnete bağlılığın önemi üzerinde durulmuş, ikinci fasılda bid‘atın zararlarına dair bazı rivayetler aktarıldıktan sonra mutedil bir yaklaşımla hangi davranışların kaçınılması gereken bid‘atlar çerçevesine girdiği belirtilmiştir. Bu arada bir kısım tasavvuf ehlinin bid‘at niteliği taşıyan yanlış inanç ve tutumlarına dikkat çekilmiş, bu konularda doğrunun ne olduğu muteber tasavvuf kaynaklarına ve Bâyezîd-i Bistâmî , Zünnûn el-Mısrî , Bişr el-Hâfî , Ebû Saîd el-Harrâz , Serî es-Sakatî , Cüneyd-i Bağdâdî gibi önde gelen erken dönem mutasavvıflarının görüşlerine atıflar yapılarak açıklanmıştır. Üçüncü fasılda ibadetlerin yerine getirilmesinde ve dünya nimetlerinden uzak durma hususunda aşırılığa kaçmanın, itidal dini olan İslâmiyet’le bağdaşmayacağı âyet ve hadislerin yanı sıra fukahanın görüşlerine de dayanılarak ortaya konmuştur.
“Şerîat-ı Muhammediyye’de Mühim Olan Hususlar” başlıklı ikinci bölüm eserin toplam hacminin yaklaşık dörtte üçünü kapsamaktadır. Birinci fasılda Ehl-i sünnet akaidinin (Mâtürîdiyye mezhebi çerçevesinde) temel ilkeleri anlatılmakta, ardından küfrü gerektiren ve gerektirmeyen hususlar sıralanmakta, bu bağlamda aşırı Şîa (Râfizîler ), Yezîdiyye , Hâriciyye , Mu‘tezile , Neccâriyye , Mücbire (Cebriyye) ve Mürcie gibi Ehl-i sünnet dışı mezheplerin görüşleri değerlendirilmekte, bunların bir kısmının küfre düştüğü belirtilmektedir. Bu faslın sonunda Birgivî kendi döneminde Halvetiyye gibi bazı tarikat mensuplarından duyduğu Ehl-i sünnet dışı bir kısım aşırı görüşlere işaret etmekte ve bu görüşlerin de kişiyi küfre düşüreceğini kaydetmektedir. İkinci fasıl, gereği ile amel edilmesi amaçlanan ilimlere dair olup burada ilimler üçe ayrılmıştır: Öğrenilmesi farz-ı ayın olan ilmihal ile öğrenilmesi farz-ı kifâye olan fıkıh, tefsir, hadis gibi ilimler; ihtiyaçtan fazlasının tahsil edilmesi uygun görülmeyen kelâm, ilm-i nücûm , cedel ve münazara ilimleri; ibadetlerin faziletleri, sünnetleri ve mekruhlarına dair bilgilerle vücut sağlığını koruyacak kadar tıp bilgisi gibi öğrenilmesi teşvik edilen (mendup) ilimler. İlim öğrenmenin faziletine dair âyet ve hadislerin yanında fukahanın görüşlerinin de kaydedildiği bu faslın sonunda ilim-amel dengesi, ilim-zühd ilişkisi üzerinde durulur ve müellifin döneminde bazı “cahil sûfîler”in ileri sürdüğü, ilmin bir perde oluşturduğu, aslında dinî hükümler de dahil olmak üzere her şeyin keşf yoluyla bilinebileceği şeklindeki iddia eleştirilir. Üçüncü fasıl, takvâ hakkında olup eserin üçte ikisinden fazlasını oluşturmakta ve kitabın kaleme alınışının ana hedefini teşkil ettiği kanaatini uyandırmaktadır. Bu kısımda yine âyet ve hadislerden hareketle takvânın önemi belirtilir, ardından Gazzâlî’nin İḥyâʾü ʿulûmi’d-dîn adlı eserindeki plana benzer şekilde “kalbin âfetleri”, “dilin âfetleri”, “kulağın âfetleri” gibi başlıklar altında takvânın uygulama alanları ele alınır ve riyâ , kibir , haset , yalan söylemek, gıybet etmek, inatçılık, kabalık gibi takvâya ters düşen altmış kadar mesele âyet ve hadislerin yanı sıra âlimlerin görüşlerinden nakiller yapılarak açıklanır.
eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ’nin üçüncü bölümü, “takvâ kapsamında olmadığı halde takvâ olduğu zannedilen hususlar” hakkındadır. Birgivî, kendi zamanındaki bazı zâhidlerin önem verdiği bu hususların Asr-ı saâdet ve Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn dönemlerinden sonra ortaya çıkan bid‘atlardan ibaret olduğunu söyler. Bölümün birinci faslında, namaz vb. ibadetler için yapılacak temizlikte aşırı derecede titiz davranmanın gereksizliği Hanefî fıkıh kitaplarından nakillerle açıklanır. İkinci fasılda, yine Hanefî kaynaklarına atıf yapılarak vakıflarda ve devlet dairelerinde çalışan kişilerle arkadaş olmanın ve onların yemeklerini yemenin meşruiyeti üzerinde durulur, ayrıca yahudilerin ve hıristiyanların hazırladığı yemeği yemenin ve müşriklere ait kap kacağı yemek için kullanmanın câiz olduğu kaydedilir. Üçüncü fasıl, halkın Allah’a yakınlık vesilesi olacağını zannederek üzerine düştüğü, ancak bidʻat olduğu için engellenmesi gereken birtakım amellerle ilgili olup bunların en önemlileri arasında mûsiki icrasının zikir le birleştirilerek semâ ve devran şeklinde ibadet formuna sokulması ve kabirlerde mum ya da kandil yakılması yer alır. Ayrıca bir kimsenin, sevabı kendisinin veya dilediği kimselerin ruhuna bağışlanmak üzere ölümünden sonra Kur’ân-ı Kerîm okunması, nâfile namaz kılınması, tesbih çekilmesi, kelime-i tevhid ve salavat getirilmesi amacıyla vakıf kurması (özellikle para vakfı) veya mirasından karşılanarak bunların yaptırılmasını vasiyet etmesi; yine öldüğü gün veya sonrasında ruhu için ziyafet verilmesini, kırk gün süreyle geceleyin mezarında nöbet tutulmasını veya kabrinin üzerine türbe yaptırılmasını vasiyet etmesi de şiddetle eleştirilir. Birgivî bidʻat niteliği taşıyan bütün bu fiillerin günah, bu tür vakıfların ve vasiyetlerin geçersiz, bunlardan alınan paraların haram olduğunu ifade eder. Ayrıca eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ’nin sonunda özetle ifade ettiği bu konuları es-Seyfü’ṣ-ṣârim , İnḳāẕü’l-hâlikîn , Îḳāẓü’n-nâʾimîn ve Cilâʾü’l-ḳulûb adlı risâlelerinde daha geniş bir şekilde ele aldığını belirtir.
Birgivî’ye göre, toplumun ıslahı ancak her bireyin kendisini Kur’an ve sünnet ölçülerine göre kötü huylardan arındırıp güzel huylarla donatması halinde mümkün olacaktır. İlmî ya da edebî endişelerden ziyade bu ideali gerçekleştirmek amacıyla kaleme alındığı anlaşılan eserde Birgivî’nin, dile getirdiği görüşleri naslara dayandırmaya dikkat ettiği ve çok sayıda âyetin yanı sıra yaklaşık 775 hadîs-i şerife yer verdiği görülmektedir. Kütüb-i Sitte rivayetlerinin yoğun bir şekilde kullanıldığı eserde, İmam Mâlik’in el-Muvaṭṭaʾ ından, İbn Hacer el-Askalânî ’nin Fetḥu’l-bârî ’sine kadar otuz iki hadis kitabına müracaat edilmiştir. Hadis kaynaklarına rumuzlarla işaret eden ve kitabın başında bu rumuzların listesini veren müellif, hadislerin senedini vermeyip sadece sahâbî râvinin adını kaydetmekle yetinmiştir. Eserde yer alan rivayetlerin üçte biri zayıf olarak nitelenen hadislerdir. Nitekim eserin Kadızâdeliler tarafından çok fazla öne çıkarılmasına tepki olarak kaleme aldıkları eserlerinde Kürd Molla lakaplı Mehmed Efendi ile Bayram Paşa İmamı veya Tatar İmam lakaplı Ali Efendi aslında kıymetli bir eser olarak kabul ettikleri eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ’yi genel olarak hadis kullanım usulü, özellikle de içerdiği zayıf ve mevzû hadisler sebebiyle tenkit etmişler ve bu sebeple Kadızâdeliler’in şikâyeti üzerine takibata uğramışlardır (Martı, et-Tarîkatü’l-Muhammediyye , s. 19-114, 157-163; a.mlf., Osmanlı’da Bir Dâru’l-Hadîs Şeyhi , s. 130-156; ayrıca bk. KADIZÂDELİLER ).
Eserin kaynaklarının başında Gazzâlî’nin İḥyâʾü ʿulûmi’d-dîn ’ini saymak gerekir. Ayrıca fikrî arka planını ağırlıklı olarak Hanefî fukahasına borçlu olan Birgivî, bir ahlâk kitabı olmasına rağmen eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ’de çok sayıda fıkhî meseleye yer vermiş, fıkhî konularda el-Fetâva’l-Ḫâniyye (Kādîhan ), el-Fetâva’t-Tatarḫâniyye ve Ḫulâṣatü’l-fetâvâ gibi fetva mecmuaları başta olmak üzere Hanefî mezhebine ait otuz fıkıh kitabından iktibasta bulunulmuştur. Eserde yararlanılan tasavvuf ve ahlâk kitapları arasında Ebül-Leys es-Semerkandî’nin Bustânü’l-ʿârifîn ve Tenbîhü’l-ġāfilîn adlı eserleriyle Abdülkerîm el-Kuşeyrî’nin er-Risâle ’si dikkat çekmektedir.
eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye Osmanlı’dan günümüze gerek halk nezdinde gerekse ilim ve irşad çevrelerinde yoğun bir ilgi ve takdir görmüştür. Eserin Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi’ndeki yazma nüshalarının sayısı 250’yi bulmakta, bu sayının Türkiye genelinde 1000’e ulaştığı tahmin edilmektedir. Medine’de müellif nüshasıyla mukabele edilmiş 1104 (1693) tarihli bir yazmasının İstanbul’da bulunması (Süleymaniye Ktp., Cârullah Efendi, nr. 1060), müellif nüshasının Türkiye dışında olduğu ihtimalini akla getirmektedir. Eserin telifinden bir yıl sonra istinsah edilen bazı nüshaları da Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi’nde kayıtlıdır (Servili, nr. 148; Kadızâde Mehmed Efendi, nr. 295/1). Osmanlı döneminde yirmiye yakın baskısı gerçekleştirilen kitabın ilk baskısı Matbaa-i Âmire ’de yapılmış (İstanbul 1260/1844), ayrıca Bulak’ta basılmıştır (1296/1879). Eserin birer nüshasına dayanarak Mahmûd Hasan Ebû Nâcî eş-Şeybânî (Sîretü’r-Resûl evi’ṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye , Riyad [?], 1412/1991, 1414/1993) ve Muhammed Hüseynî Mustafa (Halep 2002) tarafından gerçekleştirilen neşirleri başarılı değildir.
Tesbit edilebildiği kadarıyla esere yapılan yirmi kadar şerhin ilki, müellifin isteği üzerine öğrencisi Akşehirli Hocazâde Abdünnasîr Efendi (ö. 990/1582) tarafından yazılan Şerḥ bi’l-ḳavl ʿale’ṭ-Ṭarîḳa ’dır. Birgivî’nin vefat ettiği yıl istinsah edilen en eski nüshalar dahil olmak üzere eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye yazmalarının büyük çoğunluğunda Hocazâde şerhinden aktarılan notlara rastlanması, şârihin açıklamalarını müellif nüshasının kenarına kaydettiği ve bu yolla eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye istinsahları sırasında Hocazâde şerhinin de çoğaltıldığı kanaatini güçlendirmektedir. Hocazâde’den sonra esere şerh yazan İbn Allân es-Sıddîkī ’nin (ö. 1057/1647) el-Mevâhibü’l-fetḥiyye ʿale’ṭ-Ṭarîḳati’l-Muḥammediyye adlı eseri oldukça muhtasar olup bir nevi ta‘lîkāt niteliğindedir. Süleymaniye Camii’nde dersler veren ve Kürd Molla diye bilinen Vanlı Muhammed b. Molla Ebû Bekir el-Kürdî’nin 1058 (1648) yılında tamamladığı ve Birgivî’yi hadis kullanım usulü sebebiyle tenkit ettiği Kitâbü’t-Taḥḳīḳ ve’t-tevfîḳ beyne ehli’ş-şerʿ ve ehli’ṭ-ṭarîḳ adlı şerhi, adından da anlaşılacağı üzere o dönemde karşıt iki grubu temsil eden Kadızâdeliler ile Sivâsîler’i uzlaştırmayı hedeflemiş, ancak bu şerhinden dolayı Kadızâdeliler’in baskısıyla İstanbul’dan Bursa’ya sürülmüştür. Kürd Molla gibi Sivâsîler’e yakınlığı ile bilinen ve Bayram Paşa İmamı veya Tatar İmam lakaplarıyla tanınan Ali b. Hasan b. Sadaka el-Mısrî el-Yemenî de kıymetli bir eser olmasına rağmen Kadızâdeliler tarafından kusursuz görülmesine karşı çıktığı eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ’nin hadislerini tahrîc için kaleme aldığı İdrâkü’l-ḥaḳīḳa fî taḫrîci eḥâdîsi’ṭ-Ṭarîḳa adlı eserinde Birgivî’yi hadis kaynaklarının kullanımındaki hataları ve delil olarak kullandığı zayıf ve mevzû hadisler sebebiyle tenkit etmiştir. Bayram Paşa İmamı da 1050 (1640) veya 1057 (1647) yılında tamamladığı bu eserinden dolayı Kadızâdeliler’in etkisiyle takibata uğramış ve ulemâ meclisi tarafından sert bir üslûpla uyarılmıştır. “Seyyah Hekim” diye tanınan Muhammed b. Ahmed b. İbrâhim’in 1080’de (1669) tamamladığı Burhânü’ṭ-Ṭarîḳati’l-Muḥammediyye adlı eseri ise eṭ-Ṭarîḳa ’nın bilinen ilk Türkçe şerhi olma özelliğine sahiptir. Hacı Receb b. Ahmed el-Âmidî’nin el-Vesîletü’l-Aḥmediyye ve’ẕ-ẕerîʿatü’s-sermediyye fî şerḥi’ṭ-Ṭarîḳati’l-Muḥammediyye (İstanbul 1261) adıyla 1087 (1676) yılında tamamladığı şerhi de ilim ehlinin itibar ettiği şerhlerdendir. eṭ-Ṭarîḳa ’nın asırlar boyunca en çok okunan şerhleri ise her ikisi de sûfî-âlim olan Abdülganî en-Nablusî ile Ebû Saîd Hâdimî ’nin çalışmalarıdır. Nablusî’nin el-Ḥadîḳatü’n-nediyye şerḥu’ṭ-Ṭarîḳati’l-Muḥammediyye (I-II, Kahire 1279; İstanbul 1290) adını verdiği hacimli çalışması 1093 (1682) yılında tamamlanmıştır. Müellifin bu şerhinde adı geçen kişilerin tanıtımına yer verdiği Zehrü’l-ḥadîḳa fî ẕikri ricâli’ṭ-Ṭarîḳa adlı bir eseri daha vardır (bk. bibl.). el-Ḥadîḳatü’n-nediyye ’nin muhtasarı üzerine Ahmed b. Muhammed es-Selâvî bir şerh kaleme almıştır. Ebû Saîd el-Hâdimî’nin 26 Ramazan 1168 (25 Haziran 1755) tarihinde tamamladığı ve çok sayıda yazma nüshası bulunan el-Berîḳatü’l-Maḥmûdiyye fî şerḥi’ṭ-Ṭarîḳati’l-Muḥammediyye ve’ş-şerîʿati’n-nebeviyye fi’s-sîreti’l-Aḥmediyye adlı hacimli şerhinin birçok baskısı yapılmıştır (I-II, Bulak 1257; Kahire 1268; I-II, İstanbul 1257, 1266, 1284, 1287, 1302; I-IV, İstanbul 1318, 1326). Bu şerhin “matlab” isimli bölümlerinde felsefe, kelâm ve fıkıh konularının yanı sıra müellifin yaşadığı döneme ait sosyal meselelere dair açıklamalara da yer verilmektedir. eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye üzerine bunlardan başka Mahfî Ramazan b. Muhammed Karahisârî, Mustafa b. Ahmed Bosnevî, Muhammed b. Muhammed el-Halebî, Kayserili Mehmed Remzî (Künûzü’r-rumûz adlı şerhi üzerine Rumûzü’l-Künûz adlı bir de hâşiyesi vardır), Tunuslu Burnâz Ahmed b. Mustafa , Ahmed Keşfî Efendi (biri kısa diğeri geniş olmak üzere iki şerh kaleme almıştır), Dâvûd-i Karsî , Abdullah Ahıskavî , Şeyh Bedreddin Ali es-Sadrî el-Konevî, Süleyman Efendi, Çatalcalı Müderris Hüseyin b. Ali, Ömer b. Ahmed ve Kisrevî Mehmed Efendi tarafından da şerhler yazılmıştır. Saçaklızâde Mehmed Efendi , eṭ-Ṭarîḳa ’nın dîbâcesinde yer alan meseleler hakkında şerhlerde yer alan bazı açıklamalara yönelik itirazlarını Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi dîbâceti’ṭ-Ṭarîḳati’l-Muḥammediyye adlı eserinde bir araya getirmiştir. eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye Ayşî Mehmed Efendi ve Muhammed b. Abdülkerîm es-Semmân gibi âlimler tarafından ihtisar edilmiş, Süleyman Fâzıl Efendi de kitabın takvâ ile ilgili bölümlerinden seçme yapmak suretiyle eserin bir kısmını derleyip Miftâḥu’l-felâḥ adıyla özetlemiştir. eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ’nin yazılışından yaklaşık bir asır sonra Birgivî’nin torunu Kazasker İsmetî Mehmed Efendi ile başlayan ve Vedâdî (Tekmile-i Terceme-i Tarîkat-i Muhammediyye , İstanbul 1258, 1278, 1290), Tarikatçı Emîr Mustafa Efendi, “Lübbî Hâfız” diye bilinen Mehmed Efendi gibi isimlerce sürdürülen Türkçe’ye tercüme faaliyetlerinin günümüzdeki son örnekleri Celal Yıldırım (Tarîkat-ı Muhammediyye Tercümesi , 4. bs., İstanbul 1996), Mehmet Fatih Güneş (Tarîkat-ı Muhammediyye Sîret-i Ahmediyye , İstanbul 2006) ve Nedim Yılmaz (Tarîkat-i Muhammediyye Tercemesi , İstanbul 2015) tarafından verilmiş ve eser Mustafa Çoliç tarafından da Boşnakça’ya tercüme edilmiştir (eṭ-Ṭarîḳa üzerine yapılmış şerh, ihtisar, tercüme vb. çalışmalar için bk. Martı, et-Tarîkatü’l-Muhammediyye , s. 101-168).
eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ’nin yazıldığı XVI. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Halvetiyye tarikatı başta olmak üzere birçok tarikatın yaygın ve etkili faaliyetleriyle topluma nüfuz ettikleri görülmekte, buna karşın bir kısım tasavvuf ehlinin bazı inanç ve uygulamalarına ilmiye mensuplarından zaman zaman tenkitler yöneltildiği bilinmektedir. Birgivî Mehmed Efendi de eserinde esas itibariyle halkın inanç ve ibadet konularında içine düştüğü yanlışlara temas ederken yer yer Ehl-i sünnet dışı aşırı görüşlere sahip bazı sûfîlerin bozuk inançlarını da tenkit etmektedir. Ancak bunu yaparken muteber tasavvuf kaynaklarından nakiller yapması ve kendi görüşünü tasavvuf büyüklerinin görüşleriyle desteklemesi, onun genel mânada tasavvufa ve tarikat ehline değil bir kısım cahil sûfîlerin yanlış inanç ve tutumlarına karşı çıktığını göstermektedir. Nitekim kendisinin de devletteki kassâm-ı askerî görevinden ayrılıp Bayramiyye şeyhlerinden Abdullah Karamânî’nin yanında tasavvuf eğitimini tamamladığı, ardından şeyhin yönlendirmesiyle tekrar ilmî faaliyetlerine döndüğü bilinmektedir. Bununla birlikte eserin yazıldığı dönemi takip eden XVII. yüzyılda Osmanlı toplumunu etkileyen birçok dinî ve sosyal mesele hakkındaki eleştirel tavırlarıyla tanınan ve tasavvufa da kökten karşı çıkan vâizler grubu Kadızâdeliler’in kendi görüşleri için eṭ-Ṭarîḳa ’yı temel kaynak olarak benimsemeleri, eserin ve müellifinin tasavvuf karşıtı gibi algılanmasına sebep olmuş, Kadızâdeliler’e karşı tasavvufu savunan, merkezinde Halvetiyye şeyhlerinin yer aldığı Sivâsîler grubunun da eseri eleştirmelerine yol açmıştır (bk. KADIZÂDELİLER ). Ancak bu eleştirilerin kalıcı bir etkisi olmamış ve eser Osmanlı coğrafyasında yaygın biçimde okunan ve halkın din anlayışının şekillenmesinde etkili olan kitaplar arasında yerini almıştır. Osmanlı âlimlerinin biyografileriyle alâkalı eserlerde bu âlimlerin eṭ-Ṭarîḳa ’yı okudukları, okuttukları ve hatta defalarca hatmettikleri nakledilmiş (Kâtib Çelebi, s. 111; Şeyhî, III, 97), hatta kitap Halvetiyye’nin Sudan’da yaygın olan Semmâniyye kolunun tekkelerinde bile okutulmuştur. Elde ettiği bu şöhretin ve itibarın oluşmasında Nablusî ve Hâdimî gibi tasavvuf ehli âlimlerin Birgivî’nin eseri üzerine yazdıkları şerhlerin önemli bir etkisi olmuştur. Sivasîler’in eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye ’ye yönelik tavırlarının ve eleştirilerinin ise dönemin şartlarıyla ilgili olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Eserin fazlaca ilgi görmesinde hayatın içinden konuşan, sade, samimi ve güçlü üslûbu kadar Birgivî’nin sağlam delillerle ortaya koyup önerdiği dinî hayatı bizzat kendisinin yaşamasının da payı olmalıdır. eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye günümüzde de ders halkalarında okunmakta, ilmî çalışmalarda dönemin önemli bir kaynağı olarak kendisine müracaat edilmektedir.
Huriye Martı Birgivî Mehmed Efendi’nin hadisçiliği ve eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü’l-Muḥammediyye üzerine doktora tezi hazırlamış, Ahmed Ürkmez de Ali b. Hasan b. Sadaka’nın İdrâkü’l-ḥaḳīḳa fî taḫrîci eḥâdîs̱i’ṭ-Ṭarîḳa adlı eserini ve Birgivî Mehmed Efendi’ye yönelik tenkitlerini yüksek lisans tezi olarak incelemiştir (bk. bibl.).
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Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2011 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 40. cildinde, 106-108 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır. Bu madde en son 22.06.2019 tarihinde güncellenmiştir.