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Evaluation of Plant Use with High Ecological Tolerance for Climate Change Resistant Landscape in Kilis Sample Parks Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 568 – 584, 30.07.2024
Ümran Ateş Demet Demiroğlu
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1463782
Öz One of the most important ways to create climate-resilient landscapes in cities is the use of plants with high ecological tolerance in urban open-green spaces. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ecological tolerance factors (frost, salinity, wind, air pollution, and drought) of woody plants in sample city parks of Kilis city (Karataş Park, Fıstıklı Park, and Şehit Terzi Muzaffer Aydemir Park) and to determine if there is a significant difference between the parks in terms of these factors. Firstly, the general area uses, plant species and numbers, and the taxa/natural distribution areas of the plants in each park were determined, and these plants were evaluated according to the factors. Whether there is a significant difference between the ecological tolerance values of plant species in the parks was determined using the “Kruskal-Wallis H-Test for Independent Group”. The study findings indicate that there are no significant differences at the p ≤ 0.05 level in frost, wind, salinity, and air pollution tolerances between the parks; however, there is a significant difference in drought tolerance.
Anahtar Kelimeler Urban open-green spaces, resilient landscapes, sustainability, ecological tolerance, Kilis.
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Ordu kent merkezi kamusal yeşil alanlarındaki odunsu bitkilerin su tüketimlerine ve ekolojik tolerans kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmesi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 10(1), 165-174. Hanula, J. L. & Horn, S. (2011). Removing an exotic shrub from riparian forests increases butterfly abundance and diversity. Forest Ecology and Management, 262(4), 674–680. Ignatieva, M. & Ahrné, K. (2013). Biodiverse green infrastructure for the 21st century: From “green desert” of lawns to biophilic cities. Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, 37(1), 1–9. IPCC. (2007). IPCC, Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R.K and Reisinger, A.(eds.)]. IPCC, 2007, Geneva, Switzerland, 104 pp. IPCC. (2021). IPCC 6th assessment report. Access Address (15.05.2023): https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report_smaller.pdf. 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The effect of native plants in urban gardening on protecting biodiversity. Guangdong Forestry Science and Technology, 4, 018. Pamay, B. (1992). Bitki Materyali 1-Ağaç ve ağaçcıklar, Uycan, Küçükkuyu. Rayno, V. (2014). The Water Efficient Landscape. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. 56 p. Rebuplic of Türkiye Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change. (2019). Kilis İli Hava Kalite Verileri. Access Address (11.05.2019): www.havaizleme.gov.tr. Sönmez, İ. & Sönmez, S. (2007). Tuzluluk ve gübreleme arasındaki ilişkiler. Tarımın Sesi Dergisi, 16, 13-16. Sönmez, A. C. & Zencirkıran, M. (2023). Odunsu peyzaj bitkilerinin stres faktörlerine karşı tolerans durumlarının değerlendirilmesi: Ankara-Altınpark Örneği. Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi, 19(1), 116-137. Tel, H. Ö. & Erdoğan, E. (2021). Şanlıurfa, Balıklıgöl kent platosu’nun ekolojik tasarım kapsamında değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 6(2), 564-585. Turkish State Meteorological Service (TSMS). (2015). Yeni Senaryolar İle Türkiye İklim Projeksiyonları Ve İklim Değişikliği Raporu, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü Araştırma Dairesi Başkanlığı Klimatoloji Şube Müdürlüğü, Ankara Turkish State Meteorological Service (TSMS). (2021). Kilis ili uzun yıllar sıcaklık, yağış ve rüzgâr verileri. Ankara. Turkish State Meteorological Service (TSMS). (2023). 2022 yılı Türkiye uzun yıllar sıcaklık ortalamaları. Access Address (10.05.2023): https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/sicaklik-analizi.aspx Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI). (2023). Türkiye Sera Gazı Emisyon İstatistikleri (1990-2021). Access Address (15.05.2023): https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Sera-Gazi-Emisyon-Istatistikleri-1990-2021-49672 Tülek, B. & Barış, M.E. (2011). Orta Anadolu iklim koşullarında su etkin peyzaj düzenlemelerinin değerlendirilmesi. MKU Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2): 1-13. United Nations (UN)-Habitat. (2014). Planning for Climate Change: A strategic, values-based approach for urban planners. 2014, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), Access Address (12.11.2021): https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/download-manager-files/Planning%20for%20Climate%20Change.pdf Ürgenç, S. (1990). Genel Plantasyon ve Ağaçlandırma Tekniği. Üniversite Yayın No: 35,Fakülte Yayın No: 407, İstanbul. Wade, G. L. & Midcap, J. T. (2007). Xeriscape: A Quide to Devoloping A Water–Wise Landscape. An Equal Opportunity Employer/Affirmative Action Organization Committed to A Diverse Work Force. Bulletin. Yaltırık, F. (1993a). Dendroloji I-Gymnospermae (Açık Tohumlular). 2. Baskı, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, İ. Ü.Yayın No: 3443, O.F. Yayın No: 386, Yaltırık, F. (1993b). Dendroloji-II, Angiospermae (Kapalı Tohumlular). 2. Baskı, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, İ.Ü. Yayın No: 3767, O.F. Yayın No: 420, 1993. Yener, D. (2020). Sustainable use of plants in coastal areas of Istanbul. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 21(2): 123-130. Zencirkıran, M. & Akdeniz, N. S. (2017). Bursa kent parkları odunsu bitki taksonlarının ekolojik tölerans kriterleri açısından değerlendirilmesi. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 11-19.
İklim Değişikliğine Dirençli Peyzajlar İçin Ekolojik Toleransı Yüksek Bitki Kullanımının Kilis Örnek Parklarında Değerlendirilmesi Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 568 – 584, 30.07.2024
Ümran Ateş Demet Demiroğlu
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1463782
Öz Kentlerde iklim değişikliğine dirençli peyzajlar oluşturmanın en önemli yollarından birisi de kentsel açık-yeşil alan tasarımında kentin ve uygulama alanının ekolojik faktörlerine dayanıklı yani ekolojik toleransı yüksek bitkilerin kullanımıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Kilis kenti örnek kent parklarındaki (Karataş Parkı, Fıstıklı Park ve Şehit Terzi Muzaffer Aydemir Parkı) odunsu bitkilerin ekolojik tolerans faktörleri (don, tuzluluk, rüzgâr, hava kirliliği ve kuraklık) açısından değerlendirilmesi ve söz konusu bu faktörler çerçevesinde parklar arasında anlamlı bir farkın bulunup bulunmadığının tespit edilmesidir. Araştırmada öncelikle her bir parkın genel alan kullanımları, bitki türleri ve sayıları, bitkilerin taksonları/doğal yayılış alanları ortaya konulmuş ve söz konusu bitkiler ekolojik tolerans faktörlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Parklardaki bitki türlerinin ekolojik tolerans değerleri arasında anlamlı bir farkın olup olmadığı “Bağımsız Gruplar İçin Kruskal Wallis H-Testi” sonuçları ile tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma bulguları parklar arasında don, rüzgâr, tuzluluk ve hava kirliliği toleranslarında p ≤ 0.05 düzeyinde anlamlı farklılıkların olmadığını; kuraklık toleransında ise farklılığın anlamlı olduğunu göstermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Kentsel açık-yeşil alanlar, dirençli peyzaj, sürdürülebilirlik, ekolojik tolerans, Kilis.
Kaynakça Baykan, N. M. & Birişçi, T. (2013). Ege üniversitesi ziraat fakültesi bahçesi örneğinde sürdürülebilir peyzaj tasarımı yaklaşımıyla xeriscape, V. Süs Bitkileri Kongresi, 523-528. Bayramoğlu, E. (2016). Sürdürülebilir peyzaj düzenleme yaklaşımı: KTÜ Kanuni Kampüsü’nün xeriscape açısından değerlendirilmesi. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 17 (2), 119-127. Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı (16. Baskı), Pagem Akademi Yayıncılık. Ankara. Çetin, N. & Mansuroğlu, S. (2018). Akdeniz koşullarında kurakçıl peyzaj düzenlemelerinde kullanılabilecek bitki türlerinin belirlenmesi: Antalya/Konyaaltı örneği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 55(1), 11-18. EPA. (2010). United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) (2010). Green acres: Landscaping with native plants. US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Access Address (10.04.2020):http://www.epa.gov/greatlakes/greenacres/nativeplants/factsht.html#WhyShould I. Ertop, G. (2009). Küresel ısınma ve kurakçıl peyzaj planlaması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara. Google Earth. (2021). Kilis kenti uydu görüntü verisi. Access Address (15.05.2021): https://earth.google.com/web/search/kilis/@36.70733502,37.13816243,623.32057428a,470.70844184d,35y,0h,0t,0 r/data=CnAaRhJACiUweDE1MmZjZTAwOWI3OTg4MjE6MHg1MDBmNzliZmVhMmUyNTI2GQirsYS1W0JAITaQLjatjkJA KgVraWxpcxgBIAEiJgokCXRhBQJ9QzVAEXBhBQJ9QzXAGQ9VRpafq0NAITWGTkK89U_AOgMKATA Güngör, İ., Atatoprak, A., Özer F., Akdağ N. & Kandemir, İ. (2007). Bitkilerin dünyası. Lazer Ofset Matbaa, ISBN 975- 97874-0-7; Ankara. Güvenç, İ. & Demiroğlu, D. (2016). Kilis 7 aralık üniversitesi merkez yerleşkesi yeşil alanlarının “xeriscape” (kurakçıl peyzaj düzenlemesi) açısından değerlendirilmesi. ISEM2016, 3rd International Symposium on Environment and Morality. Alanya/Turkey. S: 389-400 Güzel, M. & Ulus, A. (2021). Ordu kent merkezi kamusal yeşil alanlarındaki odunsu bitkilerin su tüketimlerine ve ekolojik tolerans kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmesi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 10(1), 165-174. Hanula, J. L. & Horn, S. (2011). Removing an exotic shrub from riparian forests increases butterfly abundance and diversity. Forest Ecology and Management, 262(4), 674–680. Ignatieva, M. & Ahrné, K. (2013). Biodiverse green infrastructure for the 21st century: From “green desert” of lawns to biophilic cities. Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, 37(1), 1–9. IPCC. (2007). IPCC, Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R.K and Reisinger, A.(eds.)]. IPCC, 2007, Geneva, Switzerland, 104 pp. IPCC. (2021). IPCC 6th assessment report. Access Address (15.05.2023): https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report_smaller.pdf. Karaca, E. & Kuşvuran, A. (2012). Çankırı kenti peyzaj düzenlemelerinde kullanılan bazı bitkilerin kurakçıl peyzaj açısından değerlendirilmesi. Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, (2), 19-24. Kilis Forestry Directorate. (2010). Kilis İli toprak analiz sonuçları. Kilis. Korkut, A., Kiper, T. & Topal, T. Ü. (2017). Kentsel peyzaj tasarımda ekolojik yaklaşımlar. Artium, 5(1), 14-26. Leichenko, R. (2011). Climate change and urban resilience. Current Opinion in Environmental. Sustainability, 3(3), 164-168. Maaşoğlu, A. & Demiroğlu, D. (2022). Determination of xeriscaping suitability evaluation standards: Kilis city park examples. Fresenius Environmental Bulletın, 31(2), 1805-1817. Mamıkoğlu, N.G. (2012). Türkiye’nin Ağaçları ve Çalıları, NTV yayınları, 727 s. İstanbul Meurk, C. D. & Swaffield, S. R. (2007). Cities as complex landscapes: biodiversity opportunities, landscape configurations and design directions. New Zealand Garden Journal, 10(1), 10-19. Mingguo, Z. & Guocang, L. (2007). The effect of native plants in urban gardening on protecting biodiversity. Guangdong Forestry Science and Technology, 4, 018. Pamay, B. (1992). Bitki Materyali 1-Ağaç ve ağaçcıklar, Uycan, Küçükkuyu. Rayno, V. (2014). The Water Efficient Landscape. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. 56 p. Rebuplic of Türkiye Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change. (2019). Kilis İli Hava Kalite Verileri. Access Address (11.05.2019): www.havaizleme.gov.tr. Sönmez, İ. & Sönmez, S. (2007). Tuzluluk ve gübreleme arasındaki ilişkiler. Tarımın Sesi Dergisi, 16, 13-16. Sönmez, A. C. & Zencirkıran, M. (2023). Odunsu peyzaj bitkilerinin stres faktörlerine karşı tolerans durumlarının değerlendirilmesi: Ankara-Altınpark Örneği. Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi, 19(1), 116-137. Tel, H. Ö. & Erdoğan, E. (2021). Şanlıurfa, Balıklıgöl kent platosu’nun ekolojik tasarım kapsamında değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 6(2), 564-585. Turkish State Meteorological Service (TSMS). (2015). Yeni Senaryolar İle Türkiye İklim Projeksiyonları Ve İklim Değişikliği Raporu, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü Araştırma Dairesi Başkanlığı Klimatoloji Şube Müdürlüğü, Ankara Turkish State Meteorological Service (TSMS). (2021). Kilis ili uzun yıllar sıcaklık, yağış ve rüzgâr verileri. Ankara. Turkish State Meteorological Service (TSMS). (2023). 2022 yılı Türkiye uzun yıllar sıcaklık ortalamaları. Access Address (10.05.2023): https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/sicaklik-analizi.aspx Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI). (2023). Türkiye Sera Gazı Emisyon İstatistikleri (1990-2021). Access Address (15.05.2023): https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Sera-Gazi-Emisyon-Istatistikleri-1990-2021-49672 Tülek, B. & Barış, M.E. (2011). Orta Anadolu iklim koşullarında su etkin peyzaj düzenlemelerinin değerlendirilmesi. MKU Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2): 1-13. United Nations (UN)-Habitat. (2014). Planning for Climate Change: A strategic, values-based approach for urban planners. 2014, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), Access Address (12.11.2021): https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/download-manager-files/Planning%20for%20Climate%20Change.pdf Ürgenç, S. (1990). Genel Plantasyon ve Ağaçlandırma Tekniği. Üniversite Yayın No: 35,Fakülte Yayın No: 407, İstanbul. Wade, G. L. & Midcap, J. T. (2007). Xeriscape: A Quide to Devoloping A Water–Wise Landscape. An Equal Opportunity Employer/Affirmative Action Organization Committed to A Diverse Work Force. Bulletin. Yaltırık, F. (1993a). Dendroloji I-Gymnospermae (Açık Tohumlular). 2. Baskı, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, İ. Ü.Yayın No: 3443, O.F. Yayın No: 386, Yaltırık, F. (1993b). Dendroloji-II, Angiospermae (Kapalı Tohumlular). 2. Baskı, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, İ.Ü. Yayın No: 3767, O.F. Yayın No: 420, 1993. Yener, D. (2020). Sustainable use of plants in coastal areas of Istanbul. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 21(2): 123-130. Zencirkıran, M. & Akdeniz, N. S. (2017). Bursa kent parkları odunsu bitki taksonlarının ekolojik tölerans kriterleri açısından değerlendirilmesi. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 11-19. Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil İngilizce Konular Peyzaj Tasarımı Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri Yazarlar Ümran Ateş KILIS 7 ARALIK UNIVERSITY 0000-0002-7576-6436 Türkiye
Demet Demiroğlu KİLİS 7 ARALIK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0002-3934-5319 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Temmuz 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Nisan 2024 Kabul Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster APA Ateş, Ü., & Demiroğlu, D. (2024). Evaluation of Plant Use with High Ecological Tolerance for Climate Change Resistant Landscape in Kilis Sample Parks. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 9(1), 568-584. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1463782
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