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Fen Bilimleri 5. ve 6. Sınıf Ders Kitaplarının Biyoloji Ünitelerinde Kullanılan Görsel Sunumların Karşılaştırılması Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 77 – 89, 31.07.2024
Nurcan Keleş
Öz Fen bilimleri ders kitaplarında yer alan görsellerin öğrenme üzerine olan katkılarından dolayı görsel sunumların kullanımı fen bilimleri müfredatında ve dolayısıyla ders kitaplarında artmıştır. Bu çalışma 5. ve 6. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitaplarındaki biyoloji ünitelerinde kullanılan görsel sunumları belirlenen kategorilere göre incelemek ve karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada araştırma yöntemi nitel desendir ve modeli doküman analizidir. Analizde kullanılan kodlar betimsel ve içerik analizleriyle ilgili çalışmalara göre hazırlanmıştır. Bulgular aynı zamanda bilişsel yük teorisine göre de tartışılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, her bir kitap içerisinde analiz edilen kodlar çesitli oranlarda olup, standart olarak görsellerin dizaynlarının kullanımları her iki ders kitabında da bulunamamıştır. Özellikle görsellerin fen öğrenimindeki önemi nedeniyle ve ders kitaplarının niteliğinin arttırılması için bu çalışma sonuçları önem arz etmektedir. Bu nedenle ders kitabı editörlerine, öğretmenlere ve ilgili araştırmacılara bir takım öneriler sunulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler Görsel sunumlar, bilişsel yük teorisi, fen bilimleri ders kitapları
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A split-attention effect in multimedia learning: evidence for dual processing systems in working memory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 312–320. Mayer, R. E., & Moreno, R. (2003). Nine ways to reduce cognitive load in multimedia learning. Educational Psychologist, 38, 43-52. doi.org/10.1207/ S15326985EP3801_6 McTigue, E. M. (2009). Does “multimedia learning theory” extend to middle school students? Contemporary Educational Psychology, 34, 143–153. Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. Sage Publication. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı [MEB TTKB]. (2018). Taslak ders kitabı ve eğitim araçları ile bunlara ait e-içeriklerin incelenmesinde değerlendirmeye esas olacak kriterler ve açıklamaları. Ankara:MEBhttps://ttkb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2019_08/26172658_Kitap_Ynceleme_deg_kriter.pdf sayfasından erişilmiştir. Parthasarathy, J., & Premalatha, T. (2022). 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Educational Psychology Review, 10, 251–296. Sweller, J. (2016). Working memory, long-term memory, and instructional design. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5, 360–367. doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.12.002 Sweller, J., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. (2019). Cognitive architecture and instructional design: 20 years later. Educational Psychology Review, 31, 261-292. doi.org/ 10.1007/s10648-019-09465-5 Ünsal, Y., & Güneş, B. (2002). Bir kitap inceleme çalışması örneği olarak MEB ilköğretim 4. sınıf fen bilgisi ders kitabına fizik konuları yönünden eleştirel bir bakış. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(3), 107-120. Ünver, E., Yancı, M. V., & Arslan, Z. (2018). 5. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitabı. SDR Dikey Yayıncılık. Vojíř, K., & Rusek, M. (2019). Science education textbook research trends: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Science Education, 41, 1496-1516. doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2019.1613584 Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2003). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayınları. Yılmaz, M., Gündüz, E., Çimen, O., & Karakaya, F. (2017). 7. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitabı biyoloji konularının bilimsel içerik incelemesi. Turkish Journal of Education, 6, 128–142. doi.org/10.19128/turje.318064. Yılmaz, M., Gündüz, E., Çimen, O., Karakaya, F., & Aslan, İ. (2021). An analysis of 6th grade science textbooks in terms of scientific content and learning outcomes. e- Kafkas Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8, 101-122. doi: 10.30900/kafkasegt.947938 Yücel, M., & Karamustafaoğlu, S. (2020). Ortaokul 5. ve 6. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitapları hakkında öğretmen görüşleri. Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1) , 93-120.
Comparison of Visual Representations Used in the Biology Units of 5th and 6th Grade Science Textbooks Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 77 – 89, 31.07.2024
Nurcan Keleş
Öz The use of visual representations has increased in science curricula and so has in the textbooks due to the contribution of visuals in science textbooks to learning. This study was conducted to examine and compare the visual representations used in 5th and 6th grade science textbooks biology units according to the predetermined categories. In this study, the research method is qualitative design, and the model is document analysis. The codes used in the analysis were prepared according to the related studies with descriptive and content analysis. The findings were also discussed according to the cognitive load theory. According to the results of the analysis, the codes analysed in each book were in various proportions, and the use of the designs of the images in a certain standard could not be found in both textbooks. The results of this study are important, especially because of the importance of visuals in science learning and in order to increase the quality of textbooks. For this reason, some suggestions were made to textbook editors, teachers and related researchers.
Anahtar Kelimeler Visual representations, cognitive load theory, science textbooks
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What images reveal: a comparative study of science images between Australian and Taiwanese junior high school textbooks. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1409–1431. doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9608-9. Gkitzia, V., Salta, K., & Tzougraki, C. (2011). Development and application of suitable criteria for the evaluation of chemical representations in school. Chemistry Educational Research and Practice, 12, 5–14. doi.org/10.1039/c1rp90003j Halliday, M. A. K. (1998). Things and relations: regrammaticizing experience as technical knowledge. In J. Martin & R. Veel (Eds.), Reading science: critical and functional perspectives on discourses of science (pp. 185-235). Routledge. Kahveci, A. (2010). Quantitative analysis of science and chemistry textbooks for indicators of reform: A complementary perspective. International Journal of Science Education, 32(11), 1495–1519. Kapıcı, H. O., & Açıkalın, F. S. (2015). Examination of visuals about the particulate nature of matter in Turkish middle school science textbooks. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 16, 518-536. doi.org/10.1039/c5rp00032g Larkin, J. H., & Simon, H. A., (1995). Why a diagram is (sometimes) worth ten thousand words. In J. Glasgow, N. N. Narayanan, & B. Chandrasekaran (Eds.), Diagrammatic reasoning; cognitive and computationalperspectives (pp. 69-109). AAAI Press/MIT Press. (Reprinted from Cognitive Science, 1987, 11, (65–99). Mathai, S., & Ramadas, J. (2009). Visuals and visualisation of human body systems. International Journal of Science Education, 31(3), 439-458. doi.org/10.1080/09500690802595821 Marbach-Ad, G. (2015). The use of multiple representations as a tool in biology education: evaluation and implications for teaching. Science & Education, 24, (7), 1027-1031 doi.org/.10.1007/s11191-015-9744-z Mayer, R. E., & Moreno, R. (1998). A split-attention effect in multimedia learning: evidence for dual processing systems in working memory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 312–320. Mayer, R. E., & Moreno, R. (2003). Nine ways to reduce cognitive load in multimedia learning. Educational Psychologist, 38, 43-52. doi.org/10.1207/ S15326985EP3801_6 McTigue, E. M. (2009). Does “multimedia learning theory” extend to middle school students? Contemporary Educational Psychology, 34, 143–153. Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. Sage Publication. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı [MEB TTKB]. (2018). Taslak ders kitabı ve eğitim araçları ile bunlara ait e-içeriklerin incelenmesinde değerlendirmeye esas olacak kriterler ve açıklamaları. Ankara:MEBhttps://ttkb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2019_08/26172658_Kitap_Ynceleme_deg_kriter.pdf sayfasından erişilmiştir. Parthasarathy, J., & Premalatha, T. (2022). Content analysis of visual representations in biology textbooks across selected educational boards from Asia. Cogent Education, 9, 20-57. Özay, E., & Hasenekoğlu, E. (2007). Lise 3 biyoloji ders kitaplarındaki görsel sunumda gözlemlenen bazı sorunlar. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 4(1), 80–91. Pekel, F. O. (2019). 8. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitabının eğitsel, görsel, dil ve anlatım yönünden incelenmesi. EKEV Akademi Dergisi, 23(78), 221-259. Pozzer, L. L., & Roth, W. (2003). Prevalence, function, and structure of photographs in high school biology textbooks. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 40(10), 1089-1114. doi.org/10.1002/tea.10122 Silverman, D. (2001). Interpreting qualitative data: Methods for analysing talk, text and interaction. SAGE Publication. Sternberg, R. J. (2003). Cognitive psychology (3rd Edition). Thomson Wadswort Publisher. Sweller, J., Van Merriënboer, J., & Paas, F. (1998). Cognitive architecture and instructional design. Educational Psychology Review, 10, 251–296. Sweller, J. (2016). Working memory, long-term memory, and instructional design. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5, 360–367. doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.12.002 Sweller, J., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. (2019). Cognitive architecture and instructional design: 20 years later. Educational Psychology Review, 31, 261-292. doi.org/ 10.1007/s10648-019-09465-5 Ünsal, Y., & Güneş, B. (2002). Bir kitap inceleme çalışması örneği olarak MEB ilköğretim 4. sınıf fen bilgisi ders kitabına fizik konuları yönünden eleştirel bir bakış. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(3), 107-120. Ünver, E., Yancı, M. V., & Arslan, Z. (2018). 5. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitabı. SDR Dikey Yayıncılık. Vojíř, K., & Rusek, M. (2019). Science education textbook research trends: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Science Education, 41, 1496-1516. doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2019.1613584 Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2003). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayınları. Yılmaz, M., Gündüz, E., Çimen, O., & Karakaya, F. (2017). 7. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitabı biyoloji konularının bilimsel içerik incelemesi. Turkish Journal of Education, 6, 128–142. doi.org/10.19128/turje.318064. Yılmaz, M., Gündüz, E., Çimen, O., Karakaya, F., & Aslan, İ. (2021). An analysis of 6th grade science textbooks in terms of scientific content and learning outcomes. e- Kafkas Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8, 101-122. doi: 10.30900/kafkasegt.947938 Yücel, M., & Karamustafaoğlu, S. (2020). Ortaokul 5. ve 6. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitapları hakkında öğretmen görüşleri. Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1) , 93-120. Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi Yazarlar Nurcan Keleş DİCLE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0003-0565-4575 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2
Kaynak Göster APA Keleş, N. (2024). Fen Bilimleri 5. ve 6. Sınıf Ders Kitaplarının Biyoloji Ünitelerinde Kullanılan Görsel Sunumların Karşılaştırılması. Baskent University Journal of Education, 11(2), 77-89.
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