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FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 238 – 252, 30.06.2024
Hale Şahin
https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.1446581
Öz Taraflar, sözleşmenin içeriğini sözleşmeyle elde etmek istedikleri menfaatleri dikkate alarak belirlemektedir. Fakat, tarafların sözleşmenin içeriğine ilişkin bütün koşulları sözleşmenin müzakeresi sırasında göz önünde bulundurmaları hukuk düzeni tarafından onlardan beklenmemektedir. Çünkü sözleşmenin müzakeresi esnasında, sözleşmenin kurulmasından sonra ortaya çıkacak durum değişikliklerinin taraflarca öngörülmesi çoğunlukla mümkün değildir. Sözleşme özgürlüğü ilkesi gereği taraflar hem öngörülebilir hem de öngörülemeyen durum değişikliklerinin borç ilişkisine etkisini sözleşmede düzenleyebilir. Sözleşmenin kurulması sırasında sağlanan menfaatler dengesinin gelecekteki durum değişiklikleri sonucu bozulmasını ve sözleşmenin uyarlanması ihtiyacını doğurmasını önlemek amacıyla tarafların sözleşmede kararlaştırdıkları sözleşme hükümleri uyarlama kayıtları olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu tür kayıtlar, sözleşme özgürlüğünün sınırlarına uygun olarak düzenlenmelidir. Bununla birlikte, uyarlama kayıtları sözleşme özgürlüğünün sınırlarına uygun olarak kaleme alınsa dahi taraflardan biri tarafından karşı taraf aleyhine fırsatçı davranış oluşturacak şekilde kullanılabilir. Uyarlama kayıtlarının fırsatçı davranışlara konu olduğu hâllerde, hâkim tarafından sözleşmeye müdahale edilmesi gerekir. Çalışmamızda öncelikle uyarlama kayıtları ve fırsatçı davranış kavramları açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra, uyarlama kayıtlarının fırsatçı davranış oluşturacak şekilde kullanımına yönelik çeşitli örnekler verilmiş ve bu tür kayıtların hukuki geçerliliği üzerinde durulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler Uyarlama Kayıtları, Fırsatçı Davranış, Hakimin Sözleşmeye Müdahalesi
Destekleyen Kurum Yazar Hale ŞAHİN, bu çalışmanın araştırılması, yazarlığı veya yayınlanması için finansal destek almistir. Bu makale Fribourg Üniversitesi, TÜBİTAK 2211-A ve 2214-A tarafından mali olarak desteklenen “Uyarlama Kayıtları” başlıklı doktora tezinden ve aynı isimli kitaptan türetmiştir.
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Doğa: “Genel İşlem Koşullarında Saydamlık Kuralının, Bunun TBK m.20 vd.’daki Görünümlerinin ve TTK m.55 f. 1 f ile TBK m.20 vd.’nın Birlikte Uygulanabilirliğinin Değerlendirilmesi”, Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi, 24(2), 2018, s.823-860. ARAT, Ayşe: Sözleşmenin Değişen Şartlara Uyarlanması, Ankara 2006. ATAMER, Yeşim M.: Sözleşme Özgürlüğünün Sınırlandırılması Çerçevesinde Genel İşlem Şartlarının Denetlenmesi, Beta Yayıncılık, İstanbul 2001. ATAMER, Yeşim M.: “Yeni Türk Borçlar Kanunu Hükümleri Uyarınca Genel İşlem Koşullarının Denetlenmesi – TKHK m.6 ve TTK m.55, f. 1(f) ile Karşılaştırmalı Olarak”, in Türk Hukukunda Genel İşlem Şartları Sempozyumu: Bildiriler, Tartışmalar, 8 Nisan 2011, Banka ve Ticaret Hukuku Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Yayınları, Ankara 2012, s.9-73. ATAMER, Yeşim M./PICHONNAZ, Pascal: “Control of Price Related Terms in Standard Form Contracts: General Report: Judicial Control and Other Means of Price Control” in. 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OPPURTUNISTIC BEHAVIOR IN ADJUSTMENT CLAUSES Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 238 – 252, 30.06.2024
Hale Şahin
https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.1446581
Öz The parties stipulate contract terms according to their interests. However, the parties cannot foresee all the future developments related to this contract in contract negotiation. For example, the change of circumstances may force the parties to adapt the contract to maintain the equilibrium of the contract. The freedom of contract allows the parties to allocate the risk distribution in the contract. Hence, the cautious contract parties may agree on adjustment clauses to prevent the alteration of the equilibrium of the contract due to the change of circumstances. The parties set forth these clauses according to the limits of freedom of contract. However, one of the parties may use such a clause as an act of opportunistic behavior against the other. In cases where adjustment clauses are subject to opportunistic behavior, judicial intervention may become inevitable. This study first introduces adjustment clauses and opportunistic behavior, then gives examples of adjustment clauses subject to opportunistic behavior, and finally examines the legal validity of such clauses.
Anahtar Kelimeler Adjustment Clauses, Opportunustic Behavior, Judicial Intervention
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WURMNEST, Wolfgang: Münchener Kommentar zum BGB, 9. Auflage, Beck, Münich 2022. Toplam 101 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Hukuk (Diğer) Bölüm Makaleler Yazarlar Hale Şahin ÇANKIRI KARATEKİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, HUKUK FAKÜLTESİ, ÖZEL HUKUK BÖLÜMÜ, MEDENİ HUKUK ANABİLİM DALI 0000-0001-9811-7239 Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 2 Temmuz 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Mart 2024 Kabul Tarihi 28 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster APA Şahin, H. (2024). FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 238-252. https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.1446581 AMA Şahin H. FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ. İnÜHFD. Haziran 2024;15(1):238-252. doi:10.21492/inuhfd.1446581 Chicago Şahin, Hale. “FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ”. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 15, sy. 1 (Haziran 2024): 238-52. https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.1446581. EndNote Şahin H (01 Haziran 2024) FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 15 1 238–252. IEEE H. Şahin, “FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ”, İnÜHFD , c. 15, sy. 1, ss. 238–252, 2024, doi: 10.21492/inuhfd.1446581. ISNAD Şahin, Hale. “FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ”. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 15/1 (Haziran 2024), 238-252. https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.1446581. JAMA Şahin H. FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ. İnÜHFD . 2024;15:238–252. MLA Şahin, Hale. “FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ”. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 15, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 238-52, doi:10.21492/inuhfd.1446581. Vancouver Şahin H. FIRSATÇI DAVRANIŞLARA KONU OLAN UYARLAMA KAYITLARININ GEÇERLİLİĞİ. İnÜHFD. 2024;15(1):238-52.
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