GENETIC DISTANCE REVEALS SYNONYMY AND NEW FISH SPECIES IN BALIKESİR STREAMS, TÜRKİYE

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 28 – 32, 30.06.2024

Nildeniz Karakus

https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.1387898

Öz

Akdeniz-Ege bölgesi, biyoçeşitliliği koruma konsepti açısından değerlendirildiğinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Endemik ve yerel türlerin korunması, ancak biyolojilerinin tam anlamıyla bilinmesiyle mümkün olabilmektedir. Özellikle, iç sularda yaşayan sucul türler, doğal engellerle karakterize edilen habitatlarının düzensiz yapısı nedeniyle daha savunmasız hale gelebilmektedirler. Ekosistemlerin fauna ve florasını tanımlayarak, kapsamlı koruma planlarının geliştirilmesini sağlamak koruma sürecini başlatmak için hayati öneme sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, mevcut çalışmanın temel amacı, Balıkesir, Türkiye’de bulunan Madra ve Havran Dereleri’nde yaşayan tatlısu balık türlerini DNA barkodlama yöntemi kullanarak belirlemektir. Süreç, Chelex protokolü kullanılarak DNA izolasyonunu ve ardından çeşitli primer kombinasyonları kullanılarak mitokondriyal CO1 bölgesinin amplifikasyonunu içermektedir. Toplamda 29 bireyin gen dizilerinden elde edilen sonuçlar, tür çeşitliliği, genetik ilişkiler ve varyasyonlar konusunda değerli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu araştırma, DNA barkodlamanın tür tanıma, genetik keşif ve koruma planları için değerli bir araç olarak önemini vurgulamaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, özellikle bu savunmasız ekosistemlerde sucul biyoçeşitliliğin etkili bir şekilde yönetilmesi için bir temel oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tür çeşitliliği, düzensiz doğal engeller, endemik türler, iç su havzaları, akarsu ekolojisi

Kaynakça

• Figueroa, J. M. T. López-Rodríguez, M. J. Fenoglio, S. Sánchez-Castillo, P. Fochetti, R., Freshwater biodiversity in the rivers of the Mediterranean Basin. Hydrobiologia.719:137-186, 2013.
• Cuttelod, A, García, N. Abdul Malak, D. Temple, H. Katariya, V., The Mediterranean: a biodiversity hotspot under threat. Pp. 16 in the 2008 Review of The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, J.-C. Vié, C. Hilton-Taylor, S. N. Stuart, eds. IUCN Gland, Switzerland, 2008.
• Çiçek, E., Sungur, S., Fricke, R., and Seçer, B. Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Türkiye; an annotated checklist, 2023, Turkish Journal of Zoology: 47(6):2
• Yoğurtçuoğlu, B. Kaya, C. Özuluğ, M. ve Freyhof, J., Oxynoemacheilus isauricus, a new nemacheilid loach from Central Anatolia (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae), Zootaxa.4975: 369-378, 2021.
• Bektaş, Y. Aksu, I. Kaya, C. Baycelebi, E. Turan, D., DNA barcoding and species delimitation of the genus Oxynoemacheilus (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) in Anatolia. J. Fish Biol.101: 505-514, 2022.
• Geiger, M. F. Herder, F. Monaghan, M. T. Almada, V. Barbieri, R. vd., Spatial heterogeneity in the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot affects barcoding accuracy of its freshwater fishes. Mol. Ecol. Resour.14: 1210-1221, 2014.
• Keskin, E. ve Atar, H., DNA barkodlama: mitokondriyal COI geni kullanılarak moleküler tanımlama. Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi.6: 01-08, 2013.
• Hubert, N. ve Hanner, R., DNA barcoding, species delineation and taxonomy: historical perspective. DNA Barcodes.3: 44–58, 2015.
• Ude, G.N. Igwe, D.O. Brown, C. VD.,. DNA barcoding for identification of fish species from freshwater in Enugu and Anambra states of Nigeria. Conservation Genet. Resour. 12: 643–658, 2020.
• Tsoupas, A. Papavasileiou, S. Minoudi, S. Gkagkavouzis, K. Petriki, O. Bobori, D. VD., DNA barcoding identification of Greek freshwater fishes. Plos One 17: e0263118, 2022.
• Coşkunışık, G., Madra Çayı (Balıkesir)'nda su çerçeve direktifi yöntemleri kullanılarak epilitik diyatome kompozisyonunun araştırılması. M. Sc. Dissertation, Izmir Katip Celebi Universitesi, Turkey, 2016.
• Özdemir, H., Taşkınların haritalanmasında HEC-GeoRAS ve HEC-RAS'ın kullanımı: Havran Çayı örneği (Balıkesir). TMMOB Harita ve Kadastro Mühendisleri Odası, Ulusal Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kongresi. Trabzon, Turkey, 2007.
• Yue, G. H. ve Orban, L., Rapid isolation of DNA from fresh and preserved fish scales for polymerase chain reaction. Mar. Biotechnol.3: 199–204, 2001.
• Casquet, J. Thebaud, C. ve Gillespie, R. G.,Chelex without boiling, a rapid and easy technique to obtain stable amplifiable DNA from small amounts of ethanol-stored spiders. Mol. Ecol. Resour.12: 136–141, 2012.
• Hou, Z. G. Fu, J. H. ve Li, S. Q., A molecular phylogeny of the genus Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.45: 596–611, 2007.
• Grabowska, J. Kvach, Yu. Rewicz, T. Pupins, M. Kutsokon, I. Dykyy, I. Antal, L. Zięba, G. Rakauskas, V. Trichkova, T. Čeirāns, A. Grabowski, M., First insights into the molecular population structure and origins of the invasive Chinese sleeper, Perccottus glenii, in Europe. NeoBiota. 57: 87–107, 2020.
• Altschul, S. F. Gish, W. Miller, W. Myers, E. W. Lipman, D. J., Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol.215: 403–410, 1990.
• Kimura, A., Simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of Nucleotide Sequences. J. Mol. Evol.16:111–120, 1980.
• Wong, E. H. K. ve R. H. Hanner., DNA barcoding detects market substitution in North American seafood. Food Res. Int.41: 828–837, 2008.
• Kearse, M. Moir, R. Wilson, A. Stones-Havas, S. Cheung, M. Sturrock, S. Buxton, S. Cooper, A. Markowitz, S. Duran, C. Thierer, T. Ashton, B. Meintjes, P., Geneious basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics.28: 1647–1649, 2012.
• Kumar, S. Stecher, G. Li, M. Knyaz, C. ve Tamura, K., MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol. Biol. Evol. 35: 1547-1549, 2018.
• Puillandre, N. Brouillet, S. ve Achaz, G., ASAP: Assemble species by automatic partitioning. Mol. Ecol. Resour.21: 609–62, 2021.
• Ward, R. D., DNA barcode divergence among species and genera of birds and fishes. Mol. Ecol. Resour.9:1077–1085, 2009.
• Pereira, L. H. G. Hanner, R. Foresti, F. Oliveira, C., Can DNA barcoding accurately discriminate megadiverse Neotropical freshwater fish fauna? BMC Genet.14: 20, 2013.
• Güçlü, S. S. Kalaycı, G. Küçük, F. Turan, D., Barbus xanthos, a new barbel from the Southern Aegean basin (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). J Fish Biol.96: 1309–1319, 2020.
• Freyhof, J. Bayçelebi, E. ve Geiger, M., Review of the genus Cobitis in the Middle East, with the description of eight new species (Teleostei: Cobitidae). Zootaxa.4535: 1-75, 2018.

GENETIC DISTANCE REVEALS SYNONYMY AND NEW FISH SPECIES IN BALIKESİR STREAMS, TÜRKİYE

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 28 – 32, 30.06.2024

Nildeniz Karakus

https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.1387898

Öz

The Mediterranean-Aegean region play a significant role in the context of conserving biodiversity. The protection of endemic and local species becomes attainable only with a thorough understanding of their biology. Specifically, aquatic species dwelling in inland waters may be more vulnerable due to the irregular composition of their habitats, characterized by natural barriers. It becomes imperative to initiate the conservation process by identifying the fauna and flora of ecosystems, thereby facilitating the development of comprehensive conservation plans. In this context, the primary objective of the present study is to identify freshwater fish species inhabiting Madra and Havran Streams in Balıkesir, Türkiye using the DNA barcoding method. The procedure involves DNA isolation through the Chelex protocol, followed by the amplification of the mitochondrial CO1 region using various primer combinations. The results obtained from the gene sequences of 29 individuals in total provide valuable information on species diversity, genetic relationships, and variations. This research emphasizes the importance of DNA barcoding as a valuable tool for species identification, genetic exploration, and conservation plans. The acquired outcomes establish a foundation for the effective management of aquatic biodiversity, particularly within these vulnerable ecosystems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Species diversity, irregular natural barriers, endemic species, inland water basins, stream ecology

Kaynakça

• Figueroa, J. M. T. López-Rodríguez, M. J. Fenoglio, S. Sánchez-Castillo, P. Fochetti, R., Freshwater biodiversity in the rivers of the Mediterranean Basin. Hydrobiologia.719:137-186, 2013.
• Cuttelod, A, García, N. Abdul Malak, D. Temple, H. Katariya, V., The Mediterranean: a biodiversity hotspot under threat. Pp. 16 in the 2008 Review of The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, J.-C. Vié, C. Hilton-Taylor, S. N. Stuart, eds. IUCN Gland, Switzerland, 2008.
• Çiçek, E., Sungur, S., Fricke, R., and Seçer, B. Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Türkiye; an annotated checklist, 2023, Turkish Journal of Zoology: 47(6):2
• Yoğurtçuoğlu, B. Kaya, C. Özuluğ, M. ve Freyhof, J., Oxynoemacheilus isauricus, a new nemacheilid loach from Central Anatolia (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae), Zootaxa.4975: 369-378, 2021.
• Bektaş, Y. Aksu, I. Kaya, C. Baycelebi, E. Turan, D., DNA barcoding and species delimitation of the genus Oxynoemacheilus (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) in Anatolia. J. Fish Biol.101: 505-514, 2022.
• Geiger, M. F. Herder, F. Monaghan, M. T. Almada, V. Barbieri, R. vd., Spatial heterogeneity in the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot affects barcoding accuracy of its freshwater fishes. Mol. Ecol. Resour.14: 1210-1221, 2014.
• Keskin, E. ve Atar, H., DNA barkodlama: mitokondriyal COI geni kullanılarak moleküler tanımlama. Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi.6: 01-08, 2013.
• Hubert, N. ve Hanner, R., DNA barcoding, species delineation and taxonomy: historical perspective. DNA Barcodes.3: 44–58, 2015.
• Ude, G.N. Igwe, D.O. Brown, C. VD.,. DNA barcoding for identification of fish species from freshwater in Enugu and Anambra states of Nigeria. Conservation Genet. Resour. 12: 643–658, 2020.
• Tsoupas, A. Papavasileiou, S. Minoudi, S. Gkagkavouzis, K. Petriki, O. Bobori, D. VD., DNA barcoding identification of Greek freshwater fishes. Plos One 17: e0263118, 2022.
• Coşkunışık, G., Madra Çayı (Balıkesir)'nda su çerçeve direktifi yöntemleri kullanılarak epilitik diyatome kompozisyonunun araştırılması. M. Sc. Dissertation, Izmir Katip Celebi Universitesi, Turkey, 2016.
• Özdemir, H., Taşkınların haritalanmasında HEC-GeoRAS ve HEC-RAS'ın kullanımı: Havran Çayı örneği (Balıkesir). TMMOB Harita ve Kadastro Mühendisleri Odası, Ulusal Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kongresi. Trabzon, Turkey, 2007.
• Yue, G. H. ve Orban, L., Rapid isolation of DNA from fresh and preserved fish scales for polymerase chain reaction. Mar. Biotechnol.3: 199–204, 2001.
• Casquet, J. Thebaud, C. ve Gillespie, R. G.,Chelex without boiling, a rapid and easy technique to obtain stable amplifiable DNA from small amounts of ethanol-stored spiders. Mol. Ecol. Resour.12: 136–141, 2012.
• Hou, Z. G. Fu, J. H. ve Li, S. Q., A molecular phylogeny of the genus Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.45: 596–611, 2007.
• Grabowska, J. Kvach, Yu. Rewicz, T. Pupins, M. Kutsokon, I. Dykyy, I. Antal, L. Zięba, G. Rakauskas, V. Trichkova, T. Čeirāns, A. Grabowski, M., First insights into the molecular population structure and origins of the invasive Chinese sleeper, Perccottus glenii, in Europe. NeoBiota. 57: 87–107, 2020.
• Altschul, S. F. Gish, W. Miller, W. Myers, E. W. Lipman, D. J., Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol.215: 403–410, 1990.
• Kimura, A., Simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of Nucleotide Sequences. J. Mol. Evol.16:111–120, 1980.
• Wong, E. H. K. ve R. H. Hanner., DNA barcoding detects market substitution in North American seafood. Food Res. Int.41: 828–837, 2008.
• Kearse, M. Moir, R. Wilson, A. Stones-Havas, S. Cheung, M. Sturrock, S. Buxton, S. Cooper, A. Markowitz, S. Duran, C. Thierer, T. Ashton, B. Meintjes, P., Geneious basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics.28: 1647–1649, 2012.
• Kumar, S. Stecher, G. Li, M. Knyaz, C. ve Tamura, K., MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol. Biol. Evol. 35: 1547-1549, 2018.
• Puillandre, N. Brouillet, S. ve Achaz, G., ASAP: Assemble species by automatic partitioning. Mol. Ecol. Resour.21: 609–62, 2021.
• Ward, R. D., DNA barcode divergence among species and genera of birds and fishes. Mol. Ecol. Resour.9:1077–1085, 2009.
• Pereira, L. H. G. Hanner, R. Foresti, F. Oliveira, C., Can DNA barcoding accurately discriminate megadiverse Neotropical freshwater fish fauna? BMC Genet.14: 20, 2013.
• Güçlü, S. S. Kalaycı, G. Küçük, F. Turan, D., Barbus xanthos, a new barbel from the Southern Aegean basin (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). J Fish Biol.96: 1309–1319, 2020.
• Freyhof, J. Bayçelebi, E. ve Geiger, M., Review of the genus Cobitis in the Middle East, with the description of eight new species (Teleostei: Cobitidae). Zootaxa.4535: 1-75, 2018.

Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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