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HÂŞİYE Skip to content Kitapların sayfa boşluklarına yazılan çoğu kısa açıklamalar için kullanılan terim.
Sözlükte “doldurmak; gereğinden fazla söz söylemek veya yazmak” anlamlarına gelen haşv masdarından türetilmiş bir isim olan hâşiye (çoğulu havâşî ) “söz ve yazıdaki fazlalıklar, bir şeyin kenarı, bir eserin ve yazının bulunduğu sayfanın kenarlarındaki boşluk (marj)” demektir. Terim olarak hâşiye, “sayfa boşluklarına ilâve edilen açıklayıcı ve tamamlayıcı bilgileri içeren not” mânasında olup hâmiş ve derkenar kelimeleriyle eş anlamlıdır. Yine aynı kökten gelen tahşiye “hâşiye yazmak” ve muhaşşî de “hâşiye yazan” demektir. Genellikle muhtasar yazılmış meşhur bir metnin şerhi üzerine yapılmış olan hâşiyeler, hem şerhte hem de metindeki bazı kelime ve terkiplerle ya da metinde geçen özel isim, âyet, hadis, şiir gibi hususlarla ilgili olarak yapılan kısa açıklamalar mahiyetindedir. Ancak bu açıklamalar bazan metinden uzun olabilir. Şerh ise eserin bütününe dair daha geniş izahları ihtiva eden kitaplar için kullanılır. Bununla beraber bilhassa VIII. (XIV.) yüzyıldan sonra şerh mahiyetindeki müstakil eserlere hâşiye de denilmiş ve kelime bu anlamda teknik bir terim haline gelmiştir (bu kelime ile başlayan eser adlarının bir listesi için bk. Brockelmann, III, 892-894). Bunlara hâşiye adı verilmesinin sebebi, şerhedilen eserin yüksek değeri karşısında ona yapılan eklerin sadece boşlukları doldurma kabilinden önemsiz ilâveler olduğu şeklindeki düşüncedir. Alak (ilişmek, yapışmak) kökünden türeyen ta‘lîk ve ta‘lîka (çoğulu ta‘lîkāt ) kelimeleri de “iliştirme; iliştirilen nesne ve eklenen not” demek olup terim olarak hâşiye amacıyla yapılan ilâveleri ve açıklamaları ifade eder. Ancak yorum içeren hâşiyelere ta‘lik adını verenler olduğu gibi (Muhammed el-Bâşâ, el-Kâfî , “taʿlîḳ” md.) ta‘liki, bir metnin bazı kısımlarının tashihi veya izahı yahut daha fazla bilgilendirmek maksadıyla ilâve edilmiş olan mülâhazalar ve hâşiyeye göre daha özel ve önemli açıklamalar diye anlayanlar da vardır (Çakan, s. 169). Bununla birlikte şerh ve hâşiye niteliğindeki çalışmalara da tevazu amacıyla ta‘lik denildiği görülür. Nitekim Azîmâbâdî, Ebû Dâvûd’un es-Sünen ’ine yazdığı ʿAvnü’l-maʿbûd adlı on dört ciltlik şerhe Taʿlîḳ adını vermiştir. Gerek hâşiye gerekse şerh, ta‘lîkāt, tefsir vb. kelimeler açıklanmasına gerek duyulan metinler için söz konusudur. Fakat bunlar, ilgili eserin anlaşılamayan kısımlarını izah için olduğu gibi esasen kapalı olmayan konuyu daha çok vuzuha kavuşturmak, o konuda okuyucuyu daha fazla bilgilendirmek gayesiyle de yapılır. Bu sebeple bazı matbu eserlerde metne sayfa kenarlarında, hâşiyeye ise daha geniş olduğu için orta kısımda yer verilir. Yazma ve basma eserlerde satır aralarına düşülen kısa notlara ta‘lîkāt denildiği gibi hâşiye de denilir. Bu hususta genel bir kural bulunmamakla birlikte meselâ metinde karışıklığa yol açan zamirin merciini göstermek, bazı kelimelerin mânasını açıklamak veya gramer bakımından cümle içindeki fonksiyonunu belirtmek (i‘râb) için üzerlerine işaret olarak bir rakam ya da bir harf yazılır, sonra da sayfa kenarında aynı işaret altında gerekli açıklamalar yapılırsa bu tür eserlere de ta‘lîkāt adı verilir. Hâşiye türü eserler ise metinden ziyade şerhteki bazı güç ve kapalı ifadeleri açıklama, tamamlayıcı bilgi verme ve yerine göre eleştirme amacı taşıyan çalışmalardır. Bu tür ilâvelerin daha çok ders kitabı olarak okutulan eserler üzerinde yapıldığına bakarak bunların hoca veya talebelere ait ders notlarının düzenlenmesi sonucunda meydana geldiği söylenebilir. Özellikle Osmanlı Devleti’nin son zamanlarında yoğun biçimde görülen hâşiyelerin bir özelliği de kelime veya cümleyi izaha “kavlühû” ifadesiyle başlanmasıdır.
Bir metne açıklama yazma geleneğinin kutsal kitapların yorumuyla başladığı düşünülmektedir. Zira ilâhî mesaj ne kadar açık ve anlaşılır olursa olsun insanların bilgi ve kültür düzeyleri farklı olduğundan herkesin onu aynı şekilde anlaması mümkün değildir. Nitekim Kur’ân-ı Kerîm “mübîn” (apaçık) sıfatıyla nitelendiği halde bir kısım âyetler başka âyetlerle tefsir edilmiştir. Hz. Peygamber’in hadisleri de yerine göre Kur’an’ın lafzını veya mânasını açıklar mahiyettedir.
Arap edebiyatında hâşiye türü çalışmaların çoğunlukla ders kitabı olarak okutulan muhtasar gramer eserleriyle belâgat kitapları üzerinde yoğunlaştığı görülür. Gramerde, başta İbnü’l-Hâcib’in el-Kâfiye ’si ile İbn Mâlik’in el-Elfiyye ’si olmak üzere el-Miṣbâḥ (Mutarrizî), İẓhârü’l-esrâr (Birgivî), eş-Şâfiye (İbnü’l-Hâcib), Ḳaṭrü’n-nedâ (İbn Hişâm), Şüẕûrü’ẕ-ẕeheb (İbn Hişâm), el-ʿİzzî fi’t-taṣrîf (Zencânî), el-ʿAvâmil (Cürcânî ve Birgivî), el-Âcurrûmiyye (İbn Âcurrûm), Merâḥu’l-ervâḥ (Ahmed b. Ali b. Mes‘ûd) gibi nahiv ve sarf kitaplarının şerhleri üzerine yazılmış yüzlerce hâşiye bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca bunlar arasında çok önemli hâşiyeler üzerine yeni hâşiyelerin kaleme alınmış olduğu görülür. Meselâ İbnü’l-Hâcib’in el-Kâfiye ’sinin Abdurrahman-ı Câmî tarafından yazılmış şerhi olan el-Fevâʾidü’ż-Żiyâʾiyye üzerine Abdülgafûr-i Lârî hâşiye yazmış, bunun üzerine de Abdülhakîm es-Siyâlkûtî ve İbrâhim el-Me’mûnî gibi âlimler hâşiye kaleme almışlardır. İsâmüddin el-İsferâyînî’nin Molla Câmî şerhine olan hâşiyesi üzerine Mehmed Emin Üsküdârî, Hasan Efendi gibi âlimler, Ebü’l-Kāsım es-Semerkandî’nin Molla Câmî şerhine olan hâşiyesine de Abdurrahman el-İsferâyînî hâşiye yazmışlardır. Yine Tokatlı Muharrem Efendi ez-Zîlî es-Sivâsî, İbrâhim el-Halebî, Allâmek el-Bosnevî, Ali el-Kārî, İsmetullah el-Buhârî, Molla Câmî şerhine hâşiye yazanlardandır. el-Kâfiye ’nin Radî el-Esterâbâdî şerhi üzerine de Sa‘deddin et-Teftâzânî, Seyyid Şerîf el-Cürcânî, Sirâceddin el-Halebî gibi âlimler hâşiye kaleme almışlardır.
el-Elfiyye ’nin (İbn Mâlik) İbn Akīl şerhine Muhammed b. Mustafa el-Hudarî ile Süyûtî’nin, Ali el-Üşmûnî şerhine Muhammed Ali es-Sabbân’ın, İbn Ümmü Kāsım el-Murâdî şerhine de Yahyâ es-Sâvî’nin yazdığı, İbnü’n-Nâzım’a ait şerhe İzzeddin İbn Cemâa, Zekeriyyâ el-Ensârî, İbn Kāsım el-Abbâdî ve Mahmûd Bedreddin el-Aynî’nin kaleme aldığı hâşiyeler; Abdurrahman el-Mekkûdî şerhine Abdülkādir el-Abbâdî’nin, İbn Hişâm’ın şerhi Evḍaḥu’l-mesâlik ’e (et-Tavżîḥ ) Hâlid el-Ezherî (et-Taṣrîḥ ), Süyûtî (et-Tevşîḥ ), İzzeddin İbn Cemâa ve Bedreddin el-Aynî’nin yazdığı hâşiyeler bulunmaktadır.
el-Miṣbâḥ ’ın (Mutarrizî) Tâceddin el-İsferâyînî şerhine (eḍ-Ḍavʾ ) Muslihuddin Mustafa Sürûrî ile Molla Fenârî’nin hâşiyeleri, Hâlid el-Ezherî’nin el-Muḳaddimetü’l-Ezheriyye ’sine kendi yaptığı şerhe Hasan el-Attâr ile Ebû Bekir eş-Şenevânî’nin hâşiyeleri, İẓhârü’l-esrâr ’ın (Birgivî) Adalı (Mustafa b. Hamza) şerhine (Netâʾicü’l-efkâr ) Hasan el-Attâr’ın hâşiyesi, Tuḥfetü’l-ʿAvâmil ’e (Mustafa b. İbrâhim) Abdülmecid Hamdî ile Abdülhamid Harpûtî’nin hâşiyeleri, el-ʿİzzî fi’t-taṣrîf ’in (Zencânî) Teftâzânî şerhine Dede Cöngî’nin (Kemâleddin Kara Dede, Dede Halife) hâşiyesi vardır.
Belâgat alanında Miftâḥu’l-ʿulûm (Sekkâkî) ile onun belâgatla ilgili üçüncü kısmının özeti olan Telḫîṣü’l-Miftâḥ ’a (Hatîb el-Kazvînî), Sa‘deddin et-Teftâzânî tarafından yapılmış Muḫtaṣarü’l-meʿânî ve el-Muṭavvel adlı şerhlere ve belâgatla alâkalı bazı risâlelerin şerhleri üzerine çok sayıda hâşiye kaleme alınmıştır. Muḫtaṣarü’l-meʿânî üzerine Şehâbeddin el-Yezdî, Ahmed el-Herevî, Muhammed b. Ahmed ed-Desûkī, Süleyman el-Mağribî, İsâmüddin el-İsferâyînî, Atpazarî Osman Fazlı, Nizâmeddin el-Hıtâî, Ali Rızâ Efendi (Kayserili) hâşiyeler yazmış; Hıtâî hâşiyesine Mirzâcân eş-Şîrâzî, Şehâbeddin el-Yezdî tarafından hâşiyeler kaleme alınmıştır.
el-Muṭavvel üzerine yapılan hâşiyeler arasında Seyyid Şerîf el-Cürcânî, Abdülhakîm es-Siyâlkûtî, Ebü’l-Kāsım es-Semerkandî, Fenârî Hasan Çelebi, Mirzâcan Habîbullah eş-Şîrâzî ve Molla Hüsrev hâşiyeleriyle Cürcânî hâşiyesine Hüsâmzâde Mustafa Efendi, Mehmed Emin Üsküdârî, İsâmüddin el-İsferâyînî ve Yûsuf el-Kirmastî hâşiyeleri meşhurdur.
Miftâḥu’l-ʿulûm ’un Teftâzânî ve Cürcânî şerhleri üzerine Şemseddin es-Semerkandî, Ali b. Muhammed el-Bistâmî (Musannifek) ve İbn Kemal Paşa; Ebü’l-Kāsım es-Semerkandî’nin el-İstiʿâre (Ferâʾidü’l-fevâʾid) risâlesinin İsâmüddin el-İsferâyînî şerhine Ali el-İsferâyînî, Hasan ez-Zîbârî, Halil Fevzi Efendi, Muhammed Ali es-Sabbân, Seyyid Mehmed Sâdık Erzincânî (Müftîzâde); Mahmûd el-Antâkī şerhine Hüseyin el-Aydınî (Karatepeli); Zîbârî hâşiyesine de Abdullah el-Amâsî hâşiye yazmıştır. Bunların dışında, Adudüddin el-Îcî’nin er-Risâletü’l-vażʿiyye ’si ve ʿAlâḳatü’l-mecâz risâlesiyle Ḳaṣîdetü Bânet Süʿâd (Kâ‘b b. Zübeyr) ve Ḳaṣîdetü’l-bürde ’ye (Bûsîrî) dair çok sayıda hâşiye kaleme alınmıştır.
Kelâm ilmine dair eserlerin şerhleri üzerine de çeşitli hâşiyeler mevcuttur. Hayâlî’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi’l-ʿAḳāʾidi’n-Nesefiyye , Kestelî Muslihuddin Mustafa Efendi’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi’l-ʿAḳāʾid li’t-Teftâzânî , Muhyiddin Mehmed Karabâğî’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi is̱bâti’l-vâcib li’d-Devvânî , Bihiştî Ramazan Efendi’nin Hayâlî’nin hâşiyesine Ḥâşiyetü’l-Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi’l-ʿAḳāʾid li’l-ʿAllâme et-Teftâzânî , Hocazâde Muslihuddin Efendi’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi’l-Mevâḳıf , Hüsâmzâde Mustafa Efendi’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi’l-Maḳāṣıd , Fenârî Hasan Çelebi’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi’l-Mevâḳıf , Gelenbevî İsmâil Efendi’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Şerḥi’l-ʿAḳāʾidi’l-ʿAḍudiyye li-Celâliddîn ed-Devvânî adlı eserleri bu alandaki meşhur hâşiyeler arasında yer alır.
Fıkıh ve usulü hakkında kaleme alınan meşhur bazı hâşiyeler şöyle sıralanabilir: Sedîdüddin el-Kâşgarî’nin Münyetü’l-muṣallî adlı eserine İbrâhim el-Halebî’nin yazdığı Ḥalebî ṣaġīr diye bilinen şerhe Güzelhisârî’nin Ḥilyetü’n-nâcî adıyla yazdığı hâşiye; Sadrüşşerîa es-Sânî’nin fıkıh usulüne dair eseri Tenḳīḥu’l-uṣûl ’e yine kendisinin yazdığı et-Tavżîḥ adlı şerh üzerine Sa‘deddin et-Teftâzânî’nin kaleme aldığı et-Telvîḥ adlı hâşiye; Ahîzâde Yûsuf Efendi’nin Sadrüşşerîa’ya ait Şerḥu’l-Viḳāye ’ye yazdığı Ḥâşiye-i Çelebî diye tanınan Ẕaḫîretü’l-ʿuḳbâ adlı hâşiyesi; Sâdî Çelebi’nin Bâbertî’ye ait el-Hidâye şerhine (el-ʿİnâye ) hâşiyesi; Muhammed b. Abdullah et-Timurtaşî’nin Tenvîrü’l-ebṣâr ’ına Haskefî tarafından ed-Dürrü’l-muḫtâr adıyla yazılan şerhe İbn Âbidîn’in Reddü’l-muḥtâr adlı meşhur hâşiyesiyle Tahtâvî’nin aynı şerhe hâşiyesi; Molla Hüsrev’in Dürerü’l-ḥükkâm adlı eserine Vânî Efendi ve Azmîzâde Mustafa Hâletî’nin hâşiyeleri; yine Molla Hüsrev’in Mirʾâtü’l-uṣûl ’üne Süleyman İzmirî’nin yazdığı hâşiye; Tâceddin es-Sübkî’nin fıkıh usulüne dair Cemʿu’l-cevâmiʿ ine Celâleddin el-Mahallî’nin yazdığı şerhe İbn Kāsım el-Abbâdî’nin el-Âyâtü’l-beyyinât adlı hâşiyesi; Nevevî’nin Minhâcü’ṭ-ṭâlibîn adlı eserine İbn Hacer el-Heytemî’nin Tuḥfetü’l-muḥtâc adıyla yaptığı şerhe İbn Kāsım el-Abbâdî ve Abdülhamîd eş-Şirvânî’nin hâşiyeleri; aynı metne Celâleddin el-Mahallî’nin yazdığı şerhe Kalyûbî ve Şeyh Amîre’nin hâşiyeleri; Ebû Şücâ‘ın el-Muḫtaṣar (Ġāyetü’l-iḫtiṣâr) adlı eseri için Hatîb eş-Şirbînî’nin kaleme aldığı şerhe Süleyman el-Büceyrimî’nin ve İbn Kāsım el-Gazzî’nin şerhine Birmâvî ve Bâcûrî’nin hâşiyeleri; Halîl b. İshak el-Cündî’nin el-Muḫtaṣar ’ına Muhammed b. Abdullah el-Harâşî’nin yazdığı şerhe Ali b. Ahmed el-Adevî’nin hâşiyesi; Cündî’nin aynı eserine Derdîr tarafından yazılan şerhe Muhammed ed-Desûkī’nin hâşiyesi.
Hâşiyeciliğin tefsir tarihinde de önemli bir yeri vardır. Zemahşerî’nin el-Keşşâf ve Beyzâvî’nin Envârü’t-tenzîl adlı tefsirlerine yazılan hâşiyelerin çokluğuna bakılarak tefsir hâşiyeciliğinin bu iki tefsirde yoğunlaştığı ve zirveye ulaştığı söylenebilir. Ebü’l-Berekât en-Nesefî’nin Medârikü’t-tenzîl ’i ile, Celâleddin el-Mahallî’nin başladığı ve Celâleddin es-Süyûtî’nin tamamladığı Tefsîrü’l-Celâleyn de haklarında hâşiye yazılan tefsirlerdendir. Bir kısmı eksik olmak üzere Kutbüddîn-i Şîrâzî, Çârperdî, Şerefeddin et-Tîbî, Cemâleddin Aksarâyî, Teftâzânî, Seyyid Şerîf el-Cürcânî, Molla Hüsrev, Atûfî ve Sun‘ullah Efendi’nin el-Keşşâf hâşiyeleriyle, yine bir kısmı eksik olmak üzere İbn Temcîd, Dede Ömer Rûşenî, Cemâl Halîfe (İshak b. Muhammed), Sâdî Çelebi, Şeyhzâde Muhyiddin Mehmed, Abdülhakîm es-Siyâlkûtî, Şehâbeddin el-Hafâcî, Konevî İsmâil Efendi, Hamza el-Karamânî, Ebü’l-Meyâmin et-Tarsûsî, Molla Hüsrev, Kadızâde Ahmed Şemseddin, Karabâğî, Saçaklızâde Mehmed Mar‘aşî ve Gazzîzâde Abdüllatif’in Envârü’t-tenzîl hâşiyeleri meşhur olanlar arasında zikredilir. Ömer Nasuhi Bilmen, her iki tefsir hakkında hâşiye ve ta‘lik çalışması yapanlardan bir kısmını liste halinde vermiştir (Tefsir Tarihi , II, 469-470, 531-534). Ziya Demir de Osmanlı Müfessirleri ve Tefsir Çalışmaları adlı doktora çalışmasında, ele aldığı dönemde yine bu iki tefsirle ilgili olarak yazılan hâşiyeler hakkında geniş bilgi vermiştir (s. 91, 226-227, 320-345, 353-449). Öte yandan Ebü’l-Berekât en-Nesefî ve Medârik Tefsiri adıyla bir doktora tezi hazırlayan Bedreddin Çetiner, söz konusu tefsire beş hâşiye yazıldığını ve bunlardan üçünün matbu olduğunu kaydeder (s. 49-50). Tefsîrü’l-Celâleyn üzerine kaleme alınan hâşiyeler içinde Cemel’in el-Fütûḥâtü’l-ilâhiyye ’si ile Sâvî’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Tefsîri’l-Celâleyn ’i meşhurdur. Aynı esere Ali el-Kārî, Bedreddin el-Kerhî ve Hifnî de hâşiye yazmıştır.
Hadis sahasında hem rivayet hem de dirayet ilimlerinde şöhret bulan bazı eserler için hâşiyeler kaleme alınmıştır. Rivayet kitaplarına yazılanlardan Muhammed b. Abdülhâdî es-Sindî’nin Ṣaḥîḥ-i Buḫârî üzerine kaleme aldığı hâşiye ile Nesâî’nin es-Sünen ’ine yazdığı hâşiye, Abdülkādir b. Ali el-Fâsî’nin kaleme aldığı Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Ṣaḥîḥi’l-Buḫârî , İbn Sûde et-Tâvüdî’nin Ḥâşiye ʿalâ Ṣaḥîḥi’l-Buḫârî , Muhammed b. Ali eş-Şenevânî’nin, İbn Ebû Cemre’nin Cemʿu’n-nihâye adlı Buhârî muhtasarına yazdığı hâşiye, Cemmâîlî diye tanınan Abdülganî el-Makdisî’nin, Ṣaḥîḥayn ’daki ahkâmla ilgili 420 kadar müttefekun aleyh hadisi bir araya getirdiği ʿUmdetü’l-aḥkâm ’ı üzerine kaleme alınan hâşiyelerin en meşhuru olan Emîr es-San‘ânî’nin el-ʿUdde ’si, Ali b. Ahmed el-Azîzî el-Bûlâkī’nin, Süyûtî’nin el-Câmiʿu’ṣ-ṣaġīr ’ine yazdığı es-Sirâcü’l-münîr adlı şerhe Hifnî tarafından yazılan hâşiye, Ahmed Hasan ed-Dihlevî’nin Fetḥu’l-bârî , Neylü’l-evṭâr ve Bulûġu’l-merâm üzerine yapılan şerhlerden faydalanarak kaleme aldığı Ḥâşiyetü’d-Dihlevî ʿalâ Bulûġi’l-merâm anılabilir. Dirayet kitapları için kaleme alınan hâşiyelerden, İbn Hacer el-Askalânî’nin Nuḫbetü’l-fiker adlı usûl-i hadîs kitabına yine kendisinin yazdığı Nüzhetü’n-naẓar adlı şerhe İbrâhim b. İbrâhim el-Lekānî’nin yazdığı Ḳażâʾü’l-vaṭar ve Abdullah b. Hüseyin Hâtır el-Adevî tarafından yazılan Laḳṭü’d-dürer adlı hâşiyeler anılabilir.
Bunların dışında, önemli mantık kitaplarıyla tartışma kurallarına (âdâbü’l-bahs ve’l-münâzara) dair eserlerle ilgili olarak da birçok hâşiye kaleme alınmıştır. Esîrüddin el-Ebherî’nin Îsâġūcî adlı mantık kitabına Hüsâmeddin Hasan el-Kâtî tarafından yazılmış şerhe Muhammed b. Muhammed el-Berdaî, Muhyiddin et-Tâlişî, Dede Cöngî, Karaca Ahmed, Molla Fenârî şerhine Kul (Kavil) Ahmed ve Burhâneddin b. Kemâleddin Bulgarî (el-Fevâʾidü’l-Burhâniyye ) hâşiye yazmış; Ali b. Ömer el-Kâtibî’nin eş-Şemsiyye adlı mantık kitabı için Kutbüddin er-Râzî’nin kaleme aldığı şerhe Devvânî, Seyyid Şerîf el-Cürcânî, onun hâşiyesine de Ali el-Acemî ile Kara Dâvud ve Devvânî hâşiye yazmıştır. Muhammed b. Eşref es-Semerkandî’nin Âdâbü’l-baḥs ̱’ı için Kemâleddin Mes‘ûd eş-Şirvânî’nin kaleme aldığı şerhe Celâleddin ed-Devvânî, İmâdüddin Yahyâ el-Kâşî, Ahmed Dingöz, İsâmüddin el-İsferâyînî, Abdürrahim eş-Şirvânî ve Musannifek gibi birçok âlim hâşiye ve ta‘lik yazmışlardır. Yine Adudüddin el-Îcî’nin Âdâbü’l-baḥs̱ ’ının Muhammed el-Hanefî et-Tebrîzî şerhine Tâceddin es-Saîdî ve Muhammed Bâkır el-Meclisî hâşiye yazmıştır.
BİBLİYOGRAFYA
et-Taʿrîfât , “ḥşv” md.
Tâcü’l-ʿarûs , “ḥşv”, “ḥşy” md.leri.
Kāmus Tercümesi , III, 26-27, 792.
Lane, Lexicon , s. 577 vd.
Muhammed el-Bâşâ, el-Kâfî , “taʿlîḳ” md.
Nûreddin es-Sâbûnî, Mâtürîdiyye Akaidi (trc. Bekir Topaloğlu), Ankara 1982, s. 9, 10.
Teftâzânî, Kelâm İlmi ve İslâm Akâidi: Şerhu’l-akâid (trc. Süleyman Uludağ), İstanbul 1980, tür.yer.
Keşfü’ẓ-ẓunûn , I, 188-191; II, 1477-1482.
Brockelmann, GAL Suppl. , I, 611; III, 892-894.
Ronart, CEAC , s. 210.
Bilmen, Tefsir Tarihi , II, 469-470, 531-534.
İsmail Lütfi Çakan, Hadîs Edebiyâtı , İstanbul 1989, s. 169.
Muhammed Altuncî, el-Muʿcemü’l-mufaṣṣal fi’l-edeb , Beyrut 1413/1993, I, 342.
Ziya Demir, Osmanlı Müfessirleri ve Tefsir Çalışmaları: Kuruluştan X/XVI. Asrın Sonuna Kadar (doktora tezi, 1994), MÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, s. 91, 226-227, 320-345, 353-449.
Bedreddin Çetiner, Ebü’l-Berekât en-Nesefî ve Medârik Tefsiri , İstanbul 1995, s. 49-50.
Harun Anay, “Bir Osmanlı Düşüncesinden Bahsetmek Mümkün mü?”, Dergâh , VII/76, İstanbul 1996, s. 12-14.
F. Rosenthal, “Ḥas̲h̲iya”, EI2 (İng.) , III, 268-269.
Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 1997 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 16. cildinde, 419-422 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.