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İbn A’sem el- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm Hadisesi Skip to content Yıl 2024, Sayı: 52, 285 – 311, 30.06.2024
Fatih Gençdoğan
Öz The news about the Companions, who were the actors of the events, are of great importance for the correct understanding and evaluation of the events that took place among Muslims during the period of the Khulefâ-yi Râshidîn. However, it is understood that some historians who narrated the events to the present day could not get rid of the influence of sectarian prejudice while writing their works, and sometimes even wrote their works solely for these reasons. The narrations about this period, which constitutes the subject of this study and is called the fitna period, are quite complex and controversial. It is obvious that the events should be evaluated objectively in order to eliminate this confusion. However, of the two main approaches, the Shi’a and Sunnite tendencies, the Shi’a clearly falsifies the historical narrations in line with its own doctrine, while the Sunnite approach, as is often the case, acts with a defensive reflex as it builds its view of the Companions and the events on this basis. Therefore, two different perspectives on the events emerge. In this study, the Battle of Siffīn and the Tahkīm process, which caused great ruptures in the society at that time, initiated factionalization, and whose repercussions have survived to the present day, where it is almost impossible to make an accurate evaluation due to contradictory narrations, is examined by focusing on the Kitāb al-Futūh of Ibn A’sem al-Kūfī, who is widely accepted to be a Shi’ite and has many narrations indicating that he is a Shi’ite, and the narrations in his work are tried to be analyzed. While narrating the events of the Battle of Siffîn, Ibn ‘A’sem, who did not mention a chain of narrators or a narrator, constructed a text from the pool of narrations at his disposal and included it in his work. When the Kitāb al-Futūh is analyzed, it is seen that the idea of Ali’s executorship is subtly woven between the lines of the narrations in the work. In addition, the slanderous and baseless narrations about Mu’awiya’s family, the Umayyads, who opposed Ali, are noteworthy in terms of revealing the biased wording in the writing of the work. Considering the wording of Ibn ‘A’sem, who was accused of being a Shi’ite, in Kitāb al-Futūh and the narrations he narrated in the work, it is understood that this allegation is not baseless. Moreover, it is clear that the author was not free from the influence of religious and political motives while writing the work. However, it can also be stated that Ibn A’sem was not a Shi’ite fanatic, especially considering the narrations he included about the first two caliph in his work. Kitāb al-Futūh starts with the Benī Sāida Sakīfa and covers the period of the Khulefā-yi Rāshidīn, followed by the Umayyads and the Abbasids. However, due to the author’s being a Shi’ite, the book devotes a large space to the narrations related to the Battle of Siffîn and the Tahkīm process, and the period of Ali constitutes one-fourth of the work. The author narrated many reports in favor of the Ali and his supporters, and occasionally supported them with fabrications. Kitāb al-Futūh was not widely demanded, probably due to the negative publicity about its author. However, it contains many interesting narrations to give an idea about the period in question. Therefore, the work is valuable both in terms of containing news not found in other history books and in terms of showing how sectarian attitudes and prejudice affected historiography.
Anahtar Kelimeler Ibn , Kitāb al-Futūh, Sıffîn, Tahkîm, Shî, Umayyads.
Kaynakça Âğâ Büzürg-i Tahrânî. ez-Zerîʿa ilâ tesânîfi’ş-Şîʿa. 25 Cilt. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Edvâ, 1983. Akdoğan, Mehmet Nur. Tarihsel ve Aktüel Boyutlarıyla Gadîr-i Hum. Ankara: TDV Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2021. Apak, Âdem. Ana Hatlarıyla İslam Tarihi II: (Hulefâ-i Râşidîn Dönemi). İstanbul: Ensar Neşriyat, 14. Basım, 2015. Apak, Âdem. İslâm Siyaset Geleneğinde Amr b. el-Âs. Ankara: Ankara Okulu Yayınları, 2016. Ateş, Ali Osman. Ehl-i Sünnet ve Şia’nın Delil Olarak Aldığı Bazı Hadisler. İstanbul: Beyan Yayınları, 1996. Demir, Abdulalim. İmâmiyye Şîa’sında Sahâbe Tasavvuru. Ankara: TDV Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2022. Demircan, Adnan. “Ali b. Ebî Tâlib’i Tahkimi Kabule Zorlayanlar Üzerine”. İSTEM: İslâm San’at, Tarih, Edebiyat ve Mûsikîsi Dergisi 6 (2005), 51-58. Demircan, Adnan. Ali-Muaviye Kavgası. İstanbul: Beyan Yayınları, 2. Basım, 2010. Demircan, Adnan. “Tahkim Sürecinde Hz. Ali”. Hazreti Ali. ed. Ali Aksu. 157-168. Sivas: Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2020. Dölek, Adem. “el-Velîd b. Ukbe’nin Hayatı ve Sahâbe Adâleti Açısından Değerlendirilmesi”. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi VI/1 (2002), 93-110. Düğeroğlu, Muhsin. İlk Dönem İslam Tarihçilerinin Sıffîn Savaşı’na Yaklaşımları. Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, 2021. Ebû Abdillâh Şihâbüddîn Yâkût b. Abdillâh el-Hamevî. Muʿcemü’l-Üdebâ’ İrşâdü’l-Erîb ilâ Ma’rifeti’l-Edîb. thk. İhsan Abbâs. 7 Cilt. Beyrut: Dârü’l-Ğarbi’l-İslâmî, 1993. Ebû Ca‘fer Muhammed b. Cerîr b. Yezîd el-Âmülî et-Taberî. Târîhu’r-Rusül ve’l-Mülûk. thk. Muhammed Ebu’l-Fazl İbrâhim. 11 Cilt. Mısır: Darü’l-Maârif, 1967. Ebû Muhammed Cemâlüddîn Abdülmelik b. Hişâm. es-Sîretü’n-Nebeviyye. thk. Muhammed Fethî es-Seyyîd. 5 Cilt. Dârü’s-Sahâbe li’t-Türâs, 1995. Ebü’l-Fidâ’ İmâdüddîn İsmâîl b. Şihâbiddîn Ömer b. Kesîr eş-Şâfiî. El-Bi̇dâye ve’n-Ni̇hâye. thk. Abdullah b. Abdülmuhsin et-Türkî. 21 Cilt. Dâru Hicr li’t-Tiba’a ve’n-Neşri ve’t-Tevzî’, 1998. Efendioğlu, Mehmet. “Velîd B. Ukbe”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 43/403-413. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2013. Fayda, Mustafa. “İbn A‘sem el-Kûfî”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 19/325-326. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1999. Fığlalı, Ethem Ruhi. “Gadîr-i Hum”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 13/279-280. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1996. Fığlalı, Ethem Ruhi. İmâmiyye Şîası, Doğuşu, Gelişmesi ve Görüşleri. İstanbul: Ağaç Kitabevi, 2. Basım, 2008. Hakyemez, Cemil. İmamiyye Şiası ve Temel Kavramları. Ankara: Ankara Okulu Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2019. Hamîdullah, Muhammed. “Hendek Gazvesi̇”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 17/194-195. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1998. Hitti, Philip K. History of the Arabs: From the Earliest Times to the Present. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 10. Basım, 1996. İbn A’sem, Ebû Muhammed Ahmed b. A‘sem el-Kûfî el-Ahbârî. Kitâbü’l-Fütûḥ. thk. Ali Şîrî. 8 Cilt. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Edvâ, 1991. Karahan, Abdullah. “Hz. Hüseyin’in Öldürüleceğini Bildiren Rivâyetler Açısından Hadis Kaynaklarında Kerbela Olayı”. Çeşitli Yönleriyle Kerbela. ed. Alim Yıldız. 3/23-58. Sivas: Asitan Yayıncılık, 2010. Kâtip Çelebi. Keşf-el-Zunun. ed. Şerefettin Yaltkaya – Rifat Bilge. 2 Cilt. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1. Basım, 2014. Kelpetin, Mahmut. İbn A’sem el-Kûfî’nin (ö. 320/932’den sonra) Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Hz. Ebû Bekir dönemi. Marmara Üniversitesi, 2002. Korkmaz, Sıddık. Şîa’nın Oluşumu: Hz. Ali’nin Vasîliği Düşüncesi. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2. Basım, 2015. Kurat, Akdes Nimet. “Abû Muhammad Ahmad Bi̇n A’sam Al-Kûfî’ni̇n Ki̇tâb Al-Futûh’u”. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi 7/2 (1949), 255-273. McLaren, Andrew. “Dating Ibn Aʿtham’s History”. Al-ʿUsur al-Wusta, 183-234. Minkârî, Ebü’l-Fazl Nasr b. Müzâhim b. Seyyâr el-. Vak’atu Sıffîn. thk. Abdüsselâm Muhammed Hârûn. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Cîl, 1990. Nedvî, Muînüddîn Ahmed – Ensârî, Sa’îd Sahib. Asr-ı Saadet. ed. Eşref Edib. çev. Ali Genceli. 6 Cilt. İstanbul: Şamil Yayınevi, 1985. Önkal, Ahmet. “Tahkim Olayı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”. İSTEM: İslâm San’at, Tarih, Edebiyat ve Mûsikîsi Dergisi 2 (2003), 33-68. Öz, Mustafa. “Gāli̇yye”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 13/333-337. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1996. Öz, Mustafa. “Kurrâ”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 26/445-446. Ankara: TDV Yayınları, 2002. Öz, Mustafa. “Takıyye”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 39/453-454. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2010. Öz, Mustafa. “Vasî”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 42/546-547. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2012. Palazoğlu, Beytullah. İbn A’sem el-Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Hz. Osman Dönemi. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, 2023. Sandıkçı, Kemal. “Tulekā”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 41/361-362. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2012. Sansarkan, Yusuf. İslam Düşünce Geleneğinde Tahkim Meselesi ve Mezhebi Ekoller Üzerindeki Etkisi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017. Storey, Charles A. Persian Literature: A Bio-Bibliographical Survey. London, 1970. Şahin, Hanifi. Şiîlerin Gözüyle Sünnîler, İlk Dönem Şiî Kaynaklarda Sünnî Algısı. İstanbul: Mana Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2016. Şeşen, Ramazan. Müslümanlarda Tarih-Coğrafya Yazıcılığı. İstanbul: İSAR Vakfı Yayınları, 1998. Tanrıverdi, İsmail. Sıffın Vakası. Kitabi Yayınevi, 2023. Togan, Zeki Velidi. “İbn A’semülkûfî”. İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 702. İstanbul: Milli Eğitim Basımevi, 1978. Tosun, Rukiye. Belazüri ve İbn A’sem’e Göre Hz. Ömer Dönemi Fetihlerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2009. Ural, Cemal. Ammâr b. Yâsir’in Azgın Bir Topluluk Tarafından Öldürüleceğine Dair Rivayetin Hadis Tekniği Açısından Tahlili. Fırat Üniversitesi, 2017. Watt, W. Montgomery. İslam Düşüncesinin Teşekkül Devri. çev. Ethem Ruhi Fığlalı. İzmir: İzmir İlahiyat Vakfı Yayınları, 2017. Yahya, Mahayudin Hajji. “İlk Dönem Rivayetlerinde Sıffîn Vakası”. çev. Ahmet Turan Yüksel. Selçuk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 30 (2010), 241-260. Yiğit, İsmail. “Sıffîn Savaşı”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 37/107-108. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2009.
İbn A’sem el- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm Hadisesi Yıl 2024, Sayı: 52, 285 – 311, 30.06.2024
Fatih Gençdoğan
Öz Hz. Osman’ın Müslümanlar eliyle acı bir şekilde katledilmesinden sonra olağanüstü şartlarda göreve gelen Hz. Ali, isyancılar tarafından deyim yerindeyse apar-topar halife ilan edildiği için ortak bir kabule mazhar olamamış ve ilk günlerinden itibaren ciddi sorunlarla yüzleşmek durumunda kalmıştır. Hz. Ali göreve geldikten sonra karşılaştığı ilk sorun Hz. Osman’ın katillerinin cezalandırılması meselesidir. Fakat bazı sebeplerden dolayı Hz. Ali’nin isyancıları cezalandırması mümkün olmamıştır. İsyancılar karşısında muktedir olamadığı için maktul halifenin katillerini cezalandırma işini bir süreliğine ertelemek zorunda kalan Hz. Ali, Şam’da vali bulunan Muâviye’yi katilleri neden cezalandıramadığı hususunda bir türlü ikna edememiş ve uzun süren mektuplaşmaların ardından savaş kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Ancak taraflar bir noktada sorunu tahkîm yoluyla çözmeye karar vermişler, işte bu tahkîm hadisesi doğurduğu sonuçlar yönünden Müslüman toplum üzerinde oldukça etkili olmuş, siyasî ve mezhebî fırkalar bu olaya yakından ilgi göstermişlerdir. Savaşın son bulması için başvurulan tahkîm özellikle Hz. Ali ordusunda ciddi ihtilaflara neden olmuş ve yaşananlar bir daha birleşmemek üzere İslâm dünyasını bölerek çeşitli gruplara ayrılmasına sebep olmuştur. Meydana gelen söz konusu hadiselerin doğru anlaşılarak değerlendirilebilmesi için olayların aktörleri konumundaki sahâbe ile ilgili haberler büyük önem taşımaktadır. Fakat öyle anlaşılmaktadır ki yaşananları günümüze nakleden bazı tarihçiler eserlerini yazarken siyasi ve dini saiklerin etkisinden kurtulamamışlar, hatta bazen eserlerini sırf bu nedenlerle kaleme almışlardır. Araştırmanın konusunu teşkil eden ve fitne dönemi olarak isimlendirilen bu dönemle ilgili rivayetler oldukça karmaşık ve ihtilaflıdır. Bu karmaşayı ortadan kaldırmak için olayların objektif bir biçimde değerlendirilmesi gerektiği aşikardır. Fakat iki ana yaklaşımı temsil eden Şiî ve Sünnî eğilimden Şîa, açıkça tarihi rivayetleri kendi öğretisi doğrultusunda tahrif ederken, Sünnî yaklaşım ise çoğunlukla olduğu gibi savunma refleksiyle hareket ederek sahâbeye ve olaylara bakışını bunun üzerinden kurgulamaktadır. Dolayısıyla olaylara dair birbirinden farklı iki bakış açısı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada o dönemde toplumda büyük kırılmalara neden olarak hizipleşmeyi başlatan ve yankıları günümüze kadar ulaşan, çelişkili rivayetler nedeniyle isabetli bir değerlendirme yapmanın neredeyse mümkün olmadığı Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm süreci, eserinde Şiî eğilimli olduğuna işaret eden pek çok rivayet bulunan ve Şiî olduğu yaygın şekilde kabul edilen İbn A’sem el-Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’u merkez alınarak incelenecektir. Eser, Benî Sâide Sakîfesi ile başlayarak önce Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn dönemini, ardından Emevîler ve Abbâsîler devrini anlatmaktadır. Ancak müellifin Şiî olması nedeniyle eserde Sıffîn Savaşı ve tahkîm süreciyle alakalı rivayetlere geniş yer ayrılmış, Hz. Ali dönemi eserin dörtte birini oluşturacak şekilde kaleme alınmıştır. Müellif, Hz. Ali ve taraftarları lehine pek çok haber nakletmiş, yer yer de bunu uydurmalarla desteklemiştir. Dolayısıyla eser hem başka tarih kitaplarında rastlanmayan haberleri ihtiva etmesi hem de mezhebî tutum ve taassubun tarih yazımını nasıl etkilediğini göstermesi bakımından oldukça kıymetlidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler İbn A’sem, Kitâbü’l-Fütûh, Sıffîn, Tahkîm, Şîa, Amr b. el-Âs
Kaynakça Âğâ Büzürg-i Tahrânî. ez-Zerîʿa ilâ tesânîfi’ş-Şîʿa. 25 Cilt. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Edvâ, 1983. Akdoğan, Mehmet Nur. Tarihsel ve Aktüel Boyutlarıyla Gadîr-i Hum. Ankara: TDV Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2021. Apak, Âdem. Ana Hatlarıyla İslam Tarihi II: (Hulefâ-i Râşidîn Dönemi). İstanbul: Ensar Neşriyat, 14. Basım, 2015. Apak, Âdem. İslâm Siyaset Geleneğinde Amr b. el-Âs. Ankara: Ankara Okulu Yayınları, 2016. Ateş, Ali Osman. Ehl-i Sünnet ve Şia’nın Delil Olarak Aldığı Bazı Hadisler. İstanbul: Beyan Yayınları, 1996. Demir, Abdulalim. İmâmiyye Şîa’sında Sahâbe Tasavvuru. Ankara: TDV Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2022. Demircan, Adnan. “Ali b. Ebî Tâlib’i Tahkimi Kabule Zorlayanlar Üzerine”. İSTEM: İslâm San’at, Tarih, Edebiyat ve Mûsikîsi Dergisi 6 (2005), 51-58. Demircan, Adnan. Ali-Muaviye Kavgası. İstanbul: Beyan Yayınları, 2. Basım, 2010. Demircan, Adnan. “Tahkim Sürecinde Hz. Ali”. Hazreti Ali. ed. Ali Aksu. 157-168. Sivas: Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2020. Dölek, Adem. “el-Velîd b. Ukbe’nin Hayatı ve Sahâbe Adâleti Açısından Değerlendirilmesi”. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi VI/1 (2002), 93-110. Düğeroğlu, Muhsin. İlk Dönem İslam Tarihçilerinin Sıffîn Savaşı’na Yaklaşımları. Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, 2021. Ebû Abdillâh Şihâbüddîn Yâkût b. Abdillâh el-Hamevî. Muʿcemü’l-Üdebâ’ İrşâdü’l-Erîb ilâ Ma’rifeti’l-Edîb. thk. İhsan Abbâs. 7 Cilt. Beyrut: Dârü’l-Ğarbi’l-İslâmî, 1993. Ebû Ca‘fer Muhammed b. Cerîr b. Yezîd el-Âmülî et-Taberî. Târîhu’r-Rusül ve’l-Mülûk. thk. Muhammed Ebu’l-Fazl İbrâhim. 11 Cilt. Mısır: Darü’l-Maârif, 1967. Ebû Muhammed Cemâlüddîn Abdülmelik b. Hişâm. es-Sîretü’n-Nebeviyye. thk. Muhammed Fethî es-Seyyîd. 5 Cilt. Dârü’s-Sahâbe li’t-Türâs, 1995. Ebü’l-Fidâ’ İmâdüddîn İsmâîl b. Şihâbiddîn Ömer b. Kesîr eş-Şâfiî. El-Bi̇dâye ve’n-Ni̇hâye. thk. Abdullah b. Abdülmuhsin et-Türkî. 21 Cilt. Dâru Hicr li’t-Tiba’a ve’n-Neşri ve’t-Tevzî’, 1998. Efendioğlu, Mehmet. “Velîd B. Ukbe”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 43/403-413. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2013. Fayda, Mustafa. “İbn A‘sem el-Kûfî”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 19/325-326. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1999. Fığlalı, Ethem Ruhi. “Gadîr-i Hum”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 13/279-280. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1996. Fığlalı, Ethem Ruhi. İmâmiyye Şîası, Doğuşu, Gelişmesi ve Görüşleri. İstanbul: Ağaç Kitabevi, 2. Basım, 2008. Hakyemez, Cemil. İmamiyye Şiası ve Temel Kavramları. Ankara: Ankara Okulu Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2019. Hamîdullah, Muhammed. “Hendek Gazvesi̇”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 17/194-195. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1998. Hitti, Philip K. History of the Arabs: From the Earliest Times to the Present. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 10. Basım, 1996. İbn A’sem, Ebû Muhammed Ahmed b. A‘sem el-Kûfî el-Ahbârî. Kitâbü’l-Fütûḥ. thk. Ali Şîrî. 8 Cilt. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Edvâ, 1991. Karahan, Abdullah. “Hz. Hüseyin’in Öldürüleceğini Bildiren Rivâyetler Açısından Hadis Kaynaklarında Kerbela Olayı”. Çeşitli Yönleriyle Kerbela. ed. Alim Yıldız. 3/23-58. Sivas: Asitan Yayıncılık, 2010. Kâtip Çelebi. Keşf-el-Zunun. ed. Şerefettin Yaltkaya – Rifat Bilge. 2 Cilt. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1. Basım, 2014. Kelpetin, Mahmut. İbn A’sem el-Kûfî’nin (ö. 320/932’den sonra) Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Hz. Ebû Bekir dönemi. Marmara Üniversitesi, 2002. Korkmaz, Sıddık. Şîa’nın Oluşumu: Hz. Ali’nin Vasîliği Düşüncesi. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2. Basım, 2015. Kurat, Akdes Nimet. “Abû Muhammad Ahmad Bi̇n A’sam Al-Kûfî’ni̇n Ki̇tâb Al-Futûh’u”. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi 7/2 (1949), 255-273. McLaren, Andrew. “Dating Ibn Aʿtham’s History”. Al-ʿUsur al-Wusta, 183-234. Minkârî, Ebü’l-Fazl Nasr b. Müzâhim b. Seyyâr el-. Vak’atu Sıffîn. thk. Abdüsselâm Muhammed Hârûn. Beyrut: Dâru’l-Cîl, 1990. Nedvî, Muînüddîn Ahmed – Ensârî, Sa’îd Sahib. Asr-ı Saadet. ed. Eşref Edib. çev. Ali Genceli. 6 Cilt. İstanbul: Şamil Yayınevi, 1985. Önkal, Ahmet. “Tahkim Olayı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”. İSTEM: İslâm San’at, Tarih, Edebiyat ve Mûsikîsi Dergisi 2 (2003), 33-68. Öz, Mustafa. “Gāli̇yye”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 13/333-337. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1996. Öz, Mustafa. “Kurrâ”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 26/445-446. Ankara: TDV Yayınları, 2002. Öz, Mustafa. “Takıyye”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 39/453-454. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2010. Öz, Mustafa. “Vasî”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 42/546-547. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2012. Palazoğlu, Beytullah. İbn A’sem el-Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Hz. Osman Dönemi. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, 2023. Sandıkçı, Kemal. “Tulekā”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 41/361-362. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2012. Sansarkan, Yusuf. İslam Düşünce Geleneğinde Tahkim Meselesi ve Mezhebi Ekoller Üzerindeki Etkisi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017. Storey, Charles A. Persian Literature: A Bio-Bibliographical Survey. London, 1970. Şahin, Hanifi. Şiîlerin Gözüyle Sünnîler, İlk Dönem Şiî Kaynaklarda Sünnî Algısı. İstanbul: Mana Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2016. Şeşen, Ramazan. Müslümanlarda Tarih-Coğrafya Yazıcılığı. İstanbul: İSAR Vakfı Yayınları, 1998. Tanrıverdi, İsmail. Sıffın Vakası. Kitabi Yayınevi, 2023. Togan, Zeki Velidi. “İbn A’semülkûfî”. İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 702. İstanbul: Milli Eğitim Basımevi, 1978. Tosun, Rukiye. Belazüri ve İbn A’sem’e Göre Hz. Ömer Dönemi Fetihlerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2009. Ural, Cemal. Ammâr b. Yâsir’in Azgın Bir Topluluk Tarafından Öldürüleceğine Dair Rivayetin Hadis Tekniği Açısından Tahlili. Fırat Üniversitesi, 2017. Watt, W. Montgomery. İslam Düşüncesinin Teşekkül Devri. çev. Ethem Ruhi Fığlalı. İzmir: İzmir İlahiyat Vakfı Yayınları, 2017. Yahya, Mahayudin Hajji. “İlk Dönem Rivayetlerinde Sıffîn Vakası”. çev. Ahmet Turan Yüksel. Selçuk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 30 (2010), 241-260. Yiğit, İsmail. “Sıffîn Savaşı”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 37/107-108. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2009. Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular İslam Tarihi Bölüm Research Article Yazarlar Fatih Gençdoğan SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0002-7852-2744 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Nisan 2024 Kabul Tarihi 6 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 52
Kaynak Göster APA Gençdoğan, F. (2024). İbn A’sem el- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm Hadisesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (52 ), 285-311. AMA Gençdoğan F. İbn A’sem el- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm Hadisesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. Haziran 2024;(52):285-311. Chicago Gençdoğan, Fatih. “İbn A’sem El- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı Ve Tahkîm Hadisesi”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, sy. 52 (Haziran 2024): 285-311. EndNote Gençdoğan F (01 Haziran 2024) İbn A’sem el- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm Hadisesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 52 285–311. IEEE F. Gençdoğan, “İbn A’sem el- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm Hadisesi”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi , sy. 52, ss. 285–311, Haziran 2024. ISNAD Gençdoğan, Fatih. “İbn A’sem El- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı Ve Tahkîm Hadisesi”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 52 (Haziran 2024), 285-311. JAMA Gençdoğan F. İbn A’sem el- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm Hadisesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi . 2024;:285–311. MLA Gençdoğan, Fatih. “İbn A’sem El- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı Ve Tahkîm Hadisesi”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, sy. 52, 2024, ss. 285-11. Vancouver Gençdoğan F. İbn A’sem el- Kûfî’nin Kitâbü’l-Fütûh’unda Sıffîn Savaşı ve Tahkîm Hadisesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2024(52):285-311.
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