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İBNÜ’l-HÂİM Skip to content Ebü’l-Abbâs Şihâbüddîn Ahmed b. Muhammed b. İmâd el-Karâfî el-Mısrî (ö. 815/1412)
Matematikçi ve fakih.
753 (1352) veya 756 (1355) yılında Kahire’de doğdu ve orada öğrenim gördü. Zeynüddin el-Irâkī, Sirâcüddin Ömer b. Reslân el-Bulkīnî, Cemâleddin el-Emyûtî ve Takıyyüddin İbn Hâtim gibi âlimlerden ders aldı. Özellikle Maʿûne ve Şübbâk adlı eserlerinde sık sık göndermelerde bulunduğu Nûreddin el-Cilâvî’den matematik okudu. Eğitimini tamamladıktan bir süre sonra Kudüs’e gitti ve ölümüne yakın yıllara kadar Sâlihiyye Medresesi’nde müderrislik yaptı. Vefatında Me’menullah Mezarlığı’na defnedildi. Çevresinde samimi dindarlığı ve çalışkanlığıyla tanınıyordu. İbn Hacer el-Askalânî başta olmak üzere birçok öğrenci yetiştirmiştir.
İbnü’l-Hâim, Doğu ve Batı İslâm dünyasında gelişen matematiklerin bir arada işlendiği Mısır geleneğinin temsilcisidir; dolayısıyla eserleri Batı İslâm matematiğinin önemli temsilcisi İbnü’l-Bennâ el-Merrâküşî ve Doğu matematiği üzerine kurulmuştur. Bir Şâfiî fakihi olarak da bu mezhebin yayıldığı Mısır ve Şam çevrelerinde hesabı yaygınlaştırıp yerleştirmiş, ancak işlediği hesap ilmi fıkıh çerçevesinde kurulmuştur. Öte yandan hesâb-ı hevâî ve hesâb-ı Hindî’yi aynı anda ve aynı başarıyla kullanmış, eserlerinde muhtevayı genişletmek yerine ayrıntılarla derinleştirmeyi tercih etmiştir. Aynı zamanda İslâm amelî hesap külliyatının oluşmasına katkıda bulunan eserlerinde Öklidci hendesî yaklaşıma yer vermediği, aksine tamamen analitik bir çizgi takip ettiği görülür. İbnü’l-Hâim’in eserleri, başta hesâb-ı Hindî ve hesâb-ı hevâî olmak üzere İslâm aritmetik sistemlerinin tamamını kuşattığı için önemlidir. Bunlar, pozitif tam ve rasyonel sayıların dört işlem ve karekök, küpkök hesapları gibi konularda İslâm matematiğinin ulaştığı bütün ayrıntıları ihtiva eder. Ayrıca bu eserler fıkıh alanındaki aritmetiğin amelî yönünü, yani matematiğin günlük hayatın hangi kısım ve konularına uygulandığını göstermesi bakımından da vazgeçilmez kaynaklardır. Öte yandan analitik üslûp çizgisinde nazarî yönü de dikkate alan İbnü’l-Hâim ayrıntılarda, İslâm matematiğindeki farklı geleneklerin görüşlerini isim vererek zikretmektedir. Bu durum İslâm hesap tarihi açısından, eserlerini eğitim ve öğretim amacıyla yazmış olması da dönemin matematik eğitimi tarihi bakımından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Kitaplarının gerek eğitim öğretim amacıyla yazılmaları, gerekse üslûplarındaki kolay anlaşılırlılık yaygınlaşmalarını ve başta Osmanlı sahası olmak üzere Mısır ve Ortadoğu ülkelerindeki medreselerde okutulmalarını sağlamıştır. Bu kitaplarla üzerlerine yapılan şerh, hâşiye, ta‘lik ve nazma çevirme gibi çalışmalar dikkatle incelendiğinde, onun zamanından başlayarak klasik hesaptan Yeniçağ Batı Avrupa hesabına geçildiği döneme kadar olan devirde İslâm ve özellikle Osmanlı dünyasında, fıkhî-amelî çerçevede bir İbnü’l-Hâim okulunun varlığı hissedilmektedir.
Eserleri. A) Matematik. 1. el-Maʿûne fî ʿilmi’l-ḥisâbi’l-hevâʾî . 791 (1389) yılında yazılan eser hesâb-ı hevâînin hemen hemen bütün kurallarını ele almakta ve bunları sayısal örneklendirmelerle açıklamaktadır. İbnü’l-Bennâ’nın Telḫîṣu aʿmâli’l-ḥisâb ve el-Maḳālâtü’r-riyâżiyye fi’l-ḳavâʿidi’l-ḥisâbiyye ’sinden, Kerecî’nin el-Bedîʿ fî aʿmâli’l-ḥisâb ’ından, Muhammed b. Mûsâ el-Hârizmî’nin Kitâbü’l-Muḫtaṣar fî ḥisâbi’l-cebr ve’l-muḳābele ’sinden, İbn Sînâ’nın eş-Şifâʾ ının ilgili kısımlarından, Muhammed b. Ahmed el-Hârizmî el-Kâtib’in Mefâtîḥu’l-ʿulûm ’undan ve diğer klasik İslâm matematikçilerinin eserlerinden faydalanılarak kaleme alınan kitapta, İslâm dünyasındaki tam ve rasyonel sayılar üzerine yapılan hesap işlemleriyle ilgili mevcut birikim tamamen verilmiştir. Ancak misâha ve cebire yer ayrılmamakla, hesâb-ı hevâî alanındaki kitapların Kerecî’den beri yerleşen formunun dışına çıkılmıştır. Bu duruma, muhtemelen cebir sahasında yazılan kitap sayısının artması ile cebir bilgilerinin hesâb-ı Hindî’den bahseden hesap kitapları tarafından işlenmesi yol açmıştır. el-Maʿûne , İbnü’l-Hâim’in daha önce yazdığı eserlerindeki bilgilerin tamamını ihtiva etmekte, daha sonra kaleme aldığı eserlerde de mufassal bilgi için ona bakılması tavsiye edilmektedir. Bundan dolayı kitabın bir hesap ansiklopedisi olduğu söylenebilir. Muhammed b. Muhammed b. Ebû Bekir el-Ezherî’nin bir hâşiye (Brockelmann, GAL Suppl. , II, 155), Ahmed b. Muhammed İbnü’l-Hümâm (Kandilli Rasathânesi Ktp., nr. 122/2) ve Cemâleddin eş-Şinşevrî’nin birer şerh yazdığı eser Hudeyr Abbas Muhammed el-Münşidâvî tarafından neşredilmiştir (Bağdad 1988).
2. el-Vesîle ilâ ṣınâʿati’l-hevâʾ . el-Maʿûne ’nin 792 (1390) yılında yapılan ihtisarıdır; bir mukaddime, üç kısım ve bir tekmileden oluşur (Süleymaniye Ktp., Lâleli, nr. 2766, Hasan Hüsnü Paşa, nr. 1135; Millet Ktp., Feyzullah Efendi, nr. 1366). Eser, Bedreddin el-Mardînî tarafından İrşâdü’ṭ-ṭullâb ilâ vesîleti’l-ḥisâb (Süleymaniye Ktp., Lâleli, nr. 2700/1) ve Şeyhülislâm Zekeriyyâ el-Ensârî tarafından Fetḥu’d-dâʾim bi-şerḥi vesîleti İbni’l-Hâʾim (İÜ Ktp., AY, nr. 2855) adıyla şerhedilmiş, dönemin tanınmış astronomu İbnü’n-Nakīb el-Halebî de Ebü’l-Latîf el-Hısnıkeyfî’nin el-Ḳavâʿidü’l-celîle fî maḳāṣıdi’l-Vesîle adıyla yaptığı ihtisarın üzerine bir şerh yazmıştır.
3. el-Mübdiʿ . Yine el-Maʿûne’nin muhtasarı olup 811 (1408) yılında yazılmıştır ve el-Vesîle ’den daha kısadır (Beyazıt Devlet Ktp., Veliyyüddin Efendi, nr. 3179/39, müellif nüshası).
4. el-Lümaʿ fi’l-ḥisâb . İbnü’l-Hâim’in hesâb-ı hevâî sahasındaki ikinci önemli çalışmasıdır (İÜ Ktp., AY, nr. 1534; Süleymaniye Ktp., Lâleli, nr. 2758; Âşir Efendi Ktp., nr. 440). Bir mukaddime ile üç babdan oluşan eser sadece hesap tarihi açısından değil, ferâiz hesaplarına giriş olmak üzere kaleme alındığı için fıkıh açısından da önem taşımaktadır ve genel anlamda pozitif tam ve rasyonel sayıların dört işlemi üzerinedir. Bulak’ta Metnü’l-lâmiʿ adıyla iki defa basılan eser (1241, ts., bk. Serkîs, I, 270) Bedreddin el-Mardînî (Süleymaniye Ktp., Esad Efendi, nr. 3166), Ahmed b. Mûsâ el-Medenî (Süleymaniye Ktp., Fâtih, nr. 3447), Akovalızâde Hâtem (Süleymaniye Ktp., Giresun, nr. 166) ve Ali b. Muhammed el-Ezherî el-Mâlikî (Ezher Ktp., nr. [36], 4378) tarafından şerhedilmiştir.
5. Muḫtaṣar vecîz fî ʿilmi’l-ḥisâb . Hesâb-ı hevâî hakkında olup bir mukaddime, beş bab ve bir hâtime üzere telif edilmiştir (Brockelmann, GAL , II, 155; Suppl. , II, 155).
6. el-Ḥâvî fî ʿilmi’l-ḥisâb . İbnü’l-Bennâ’nın hesâb-ı Hindî sahasında kaleme aldığı Telḫîṣu aʿmâli’l-ḥisâb adlı eserinin 782 (1380) yılında yapılmış ihtisarıdır (Süleymaniye Ktp., Lâleli, nr. 1327). Dört bab ve bir fasıldan oluşan kitapta ondalık sistem, sayı türleri, pozitif tam ve rasyonel sayılarda dört temel işlem, kökler hesabı ve oran-orantı gibi konularla cebir ve mukabele incelenir. Ahmed b. Sadaka es-Sıddîkī’nin nazma çektiği bu ihtisarı (Keşfü’ẓ-ẓunûn , I, 629) Muhammed b. Ebü’l-Feth es-Sûfî ve Râgıb Paşa Hocası diye tanınan İbrâhim b. Mustafa el-Halebî şerhetmiştir. Eserin Hudeyr Abbas Muhammed el-Münşidâvî ve Reşîd Abdürrezzâk es-Sâlihî tarafından tahkikli neşri yapılmıştır (Bağdad 1988).
7. Mürşidetü’ṭ-ṭâlib ilâ esne’l-meṭâlib . 783 (1381) yılında hesâb-ı Hindî alanında kaleme alınan eser bir mukaddime ile iki kısım ve bir tekmileden oluşmaktadır (Süleymaniye Ktp., Şehid Ali Paşa, nr. 2706; Lâleli, nr. 2762). Eseri Cemâleddin eş-Şinşevrî Buġyetü’r-râġıb fî şerḥi Mürşideti’ṭ-ṭâlib adıyla şerhetmiştir (Diyarbakır İl Halk Ktp., nr. 746/4).
8. Nüzhetü’n-nüẓẓâr fî ṣınâʿati’l-ġubâr . Bir önceki kitabın ihtisarıdır (Süleymaniye Ktp., Lâleli, nr. 2717, Şehid Ali Paşa, nr. 1198; İÜ Ktp., AY, nr. 6115). Osmanlılar’da hesâb-ı Hindî alanında en çok işlenen eserlerden biri olup Şeyhülislâm Zekeriyyâ el-Ensârî, İbnü’n-Nakīb el-Halebî, Urfe b. Muhammed el-Urmevî, Ebû Abdullah Radıyyüddin Muhammed b. İbrâhim el-Halebî, Şehâbeddin Ahmed b. Muhammed el-Gazzî, Cemâleddin Muhammed b. Eaz ed-Dımaşkī, Ebû Abdullah Şemseddin Muhammed b. Muhammed b. Ebü’l-Hayr el-Ermeyûnî, Kemâleddin b. Yahyâ el-Halebî, Ali b. Ebû Bekir b. Ali el-Ensârî el-Mekkî ve Hekimbaşı Muhammed Efendi tarafından şerhedilmiş, Yahyâ b. Muhammed el-Hattâb er-Ruaynî tarafından da kısaltılmıştır. Medreselerden başka zâviyelerde dahi okutulduğu bilinen esere İbn Emîru Gafele bir ta‘lîkāt, Şehâbeddin Ebü’l-Abbas Ahmed el-Beyrûtî de bir şerh kaleme almıştır (Keşfü’ẓ-ẓunûn , II, 1942; İbnü’l-İmâd, VIII, 68-69). Eseri ayrıca Bedreddin el-Mardînî, Abdülkādir b. Muhammed el-Feyyûmî ile (King, II, 911) Kemâleddin Muhammed en-Nüveyrî de şerhetmiştir (Îżâḥu’l-meknûn , II, 643).
9. Şerḥu’l-Urcûzeti’l-Yâsemîniyye fi’l-cebr ve’l-muḳābele . İbnü’l-Yâsemîn diye meşhur Ebû Muhammed Abdullah b. Haccâc’ın ünlü el-Urcûze fi’l-cebr ve’l-muḳābele ’sinin şerhidir. 789’da (1387) Mekke’de tamamlanan eser bir mukaddime, üç bab ve bir hâtime şeklinde düzenlenmiştir. Şerhte cebir ve mukābelede kullanılan ana terimler tanıtılmış, bilinmeyen nicelikler üzerine yapılan hesap işlemleri gösterilmiş ve ayrıca altı temel cebir denklemi incelenmiştir (Köprülü Ktp., Fâzıl Ahmed Paşa, nr. 947).
10. el-Muḳniʿ fi’l-cebr ve’l-muḳābele . Cebir ve mukabele alanında bilinmeyen niceliğin türleriyle özellikleri, sayısal işlemler, köklere ilişkin işlemler ve cebirsel denklemler üzerine kaleme alınmış elli dokuz beyitlik bir kasidedir (Keşfü’ẓ-ẓunûn , II, 1809). Eseri Bedreddin el-Mardînî Şerḥu ḳaṣîdeti’l-Muḳniʿ fî ʿilmi’l-cebr ve’l-muḳābele , Zekeriyyâ el-Ensârî Fetḥu’l-mübdiʿ fî şerḥi’l-Muḳniʿ adıyla şerhetmiş, Atâullah b. Ahmed el-Mısrî de önce telhis edip ardından Şerḥu’l-ḳavli’l-mübdiʿ fî telḫîṣi’l-Muḳniʿ adıyla şerhetmiştir.
11. el-Mümtiʿ fî şerḥi’l-Muḳniʿ . 810 (1407) yılında yazılmış bir şerhtir (Chester Beatty Library, nr. 3881, müellif nüshası; Süleymaniye Ktp., Şehid Ali Paşa, nr. 2706).
12. el-Müsriʿ fî şerḥi’l-Muḳniʿ . el-Mümtiʿ in 810 (1407) yılında Mescid-i Aksâ’da tamamlanmış muhtasarıdır (Süleymaniye Ktp., Lâleli, nr. 3737, 3752).
13. Risâle fi’l-ġirbâl . Asal sayıların tesbitiyle ilgili gırbâl yöntemi hakkında olup Hudeyr Abbas Muhammed el-Münşidâvî ve Reşîd es-Sâlihî tarafından tahkik edilerek yayımlanmıştır (el-Mevrid , XVII/1, Bağdad 1988).
14. Ġāyetü’s-sûl fi’l-iḳrâr bi’d-deyni’l-mechûl . 797’de (1395) telif edilmiştir. Bir mukaddime, iki fasıl ve bir hâtimeden meydana gelen eserde beş farklı sayısal yolla çözülen on iki problem ele alınmaktadır (Süleymaniye Ktp., Hasan Hüsnü Paşa, nr. 1279, Esad Efendi, nr. 3170; Beyazıt Devlet Ktp., Bayezid, nr. 4525).
15. el-Miftâḥ fi’l-ḥisâb . İmâdüddin İbn Şeref el-Makdisî eseri Esnânü’l-miftâḥ adıyla kısaltmış (Keşfü’ẓ-ẓunûn , I, 91; II, 1769), Bedreddin el-Mardînî de şerhetmiştir (Sâlih Zeki, II, 281). Sâlih Zeki, İbnü’l-Hâim’in matematik üzerine el-Maʿûne fî ḥisâbi’l-Hindî adlı bir eserinin daha bulunduğunu söylemektedir (a.g.e. , a.y.).
B) Ferâiz. 1. Terġībü’r-râʾiż fî ʿilmi’l-ferâʾiż (Brockelmann, GAL , II, 154; Suppl. , II, 155).
2. en-Nefeḥâtü’l-ḳudsiyye fi’ḫtiṣâri’r-Rahbiyye (et-Tuḥfetü’l-ḳudsiyye ) (Brockelmann, GAL Suppl. , II, 155). Burhâneddin İbn Ebû Şerîf tarafından şerhedilmiştir.
3. el-Fuṣûl fi’l-ferâʾiż (el-Fuṣûlü’l-mühimme fî ʿilmi mevârîs̱i’l-ümme ). Ferâiz hesabının bütün usullerini gösterecek şekilde fasıllara ayrılmış geniş kapsamlı bir eserdir (nşr. Abdülmuhsin b. Muhammed el-Münîf, Riyad 1414/1994). Eseri Bedreddin el-Mardînî Şerḥu’l-Fuṣûli’l-mühimme fî mevârîs̱i’l-ümme , Zekeriyyâ el-Ensârî Ġāyetü (Ġarâbetü)’l-vüṣûl ilâ şerḥi’l-fuṣûl ve Menhecü’l-vüṣûl ilâ taḥrîri’l-Fuṣûl adlarıyla iki defa şerhetmiştir (Brockelmann, GAL , II, 154; Suppl. , II, 155).
4. Kifâyetü’l-ḥuffâẓ fi’l-ferâʾiż . 1096 beyitlik bir manzumedir (Brockelmann, GAL Suppl. , II, 155). Bu esere Zekeriyyâ el-Ensârî’nin yazdığı Nihâyetü’l-hidâye ilâ taḥrîri’l-Kifâye adlı şerh, Abdürrezzâk b. Ahmed b. Hasan tarafından Câmiatü’l-İmâm Muhammed b. Suûd el-İslâmiyye’de doktora tezi olarak neşre hazırlanmıştır (Riyad 1412/1992).
5. eş-Şübbâk (el-Münâsehât bi’l-cedvel ). Hudeyr Abbas Muhammed el-Münşidâvî ve Neclâ Kāsım Abbas tarafından neşredilmiştir (Merkezü ihyâi’t-türâsi’l-ilmi’l-Arabî).
6. İbrâzü’l-ḫafâyâ fî fenni’l-veṣâyâ (Chester Beatty Library, nr. 4428, müellif nüshası).
Diğer Eserleri. 1. Nüzhetü’n-nüfûs fî beyâni ḥükmi’t-teʿâmül bi’l-fülûs . 803 Zilhiccesinde (Temmuz 1401) tamamlanan eserde alışveriş, borçlanma ve kiralama gibi konularda paranın kullanımına ilişkin fıkhî hükümler incelenmekte ve paranın değerinin artması yahut azalması halinde ortaya çıkan durumların fıkhî tahlili yapılmaktadır. Genel çerçevesi Şâfiî fıkhı olmasına rağmen eserde diğer Sünnî mezheplerdeki uygulamalara da yer verilmiştir. Kitap Abdullah b. Muhammed b. Ahmed et-Tarîkī (Riyad 1410/1990, 1411/1991) ve Ebû Abdullah Muhammed b. Hasan b. İsmâil tarafından Şemseddin el-Münâvî ve Muhammed b. Ahmed el-Akfehsî’nin birer eseriyle birlikte yayımlanmıştır (Beyrut 1415/1995, s. 127-176).
2. et-Tibyân fî tefsîri ġarîbi’l-Ḳurʾân . Daha önce bu sahada yazılmış eserlerden faydalanılarak kaleme alınmıştır. Bu açıdan müellifin eklemeleri dışında o dönemde mevcut konuyla ilgili literatürün bir özeti sayılabilir. İbnü’l-Hâim’in Tibyân ’ı yazmaktaki asıl amacı, Ebû Bekir Muhammed b. Uzeyz es-Sicistânî’nin Tefsîrü ġarîbi’l-Ḳurʾân ’ını genişletmek ve daha kullanışlı hale getirmektir. Müellif, garîb kelimelerin tefsirinde daha çok dile ağırlık verir ve bu çerçevede kelimenin sözlük anlamı ve etimolojisi üzerinde de durur. Bu hacimli eserin neşrini Fethî Enver ed-Dâbûlî gerçekleştirmiştir (Kahire 1412/1992).
3. Tuḥfetü’ṭ-ṭullâb fî naẓmi ḳavâʿidi’l-iʿrâb . İbn Hişâm’ın Tuḥfetü’ṭ-ṭullâb olarak adlandırılan Ḳavâʿidü’l-iʿrâb ’ının nazma çekilmiş şeklidir. Müellif bu eserini önce şerhetmiş (Beyazıt Devlet Ktp., Bayezid, nr. 2948; Süleymaniye Ktp., Lâleli, nr. 3456), arkasından da bu şerhi el-Ḳavâʿidü’l-ḥisân fîmâ yüteḳavvemü bihi’l-lisân adıyla kısaltmıştır. eṣ-Ṣımât diye tanınan bu muhtasarı da nazma çekmiş ve daha sonra 350 beyitten oluşan bu kasideyi şerhetmiştir (Keşfü’ẓ-ẓunûn , I, 124; Hediyyetü’l-ʿârifîn , I, 120).
4. el-Ġurerü’l-muḍıyye fî Naẓmi’d-düreri’s-seniyye . Zeynüddin el-Irâkī’nin eserine yazılmış bir şerhtir (Dârü’l-kütübi’l-Mısriyye, Hadis, nr. 1040; İbnü’l-Hâim’in eserleri ve yazma nüshaları için ayrıca bk. Nüzhetü’n-nüfûs ’u neşredenlerin girişleri; Brockelmann, GAL , II, 153-155; Suppl. , II, 154-155; DMBİ , V, 98-99).
BİBLİYOGRAFYA
İbnü’l-Hâim, Nüzhetü’n-nüfûs fî beyâni ḥükmi’t-teʿâmül bi’l-fülûs (nşr. Abdullah b. Muhammed b. Ahmed et-Tarîkī), Riyad 1411/1991, neşredenin girişi, s. 7-20; a.e. (Münâvî, Ferâʾidü’l-fevâʾid içinde, nşr. Ebû Abdullah Muhammed b. Hasan b. İsmâil), Beyrut 1415/1995, neşredenin girişi, s. 131-132.
İbn Hacer, İnbâʾü’l-ġumr (nşr. Hasan Habeşî), Kahire 1971, II, 525.
Sehâvî, eḍ-Ḍavʾü’l-lâmiʿ , II,157-158.
Ebü’l-Yümn el-Uleymî, el-Ünsü’l-celîl bi-târîḫi’l-Ḳuds ve’l-Ḫalîl , Kahire 1283/1866, II, 455.
Dâvûdî, Ṭabaḳātü’l-müfessirîn , I, 82-83.
Keşfü’ẓ-ẓunûn , I, 91, 124, 629; II, 1272, 1743, 1769, 1809, 1942.
İbnü’l-İmâd, Şeẕerât , I,109; VIII, 68-69.
Şevkânî, el-Bedrü’ṭ-ṭâliʿ , I,117-118.
Suter, Die Mathematiker , s. 171-172.
Sâlih Zeki, Âsâr-ı Bâkıye , İstanbul 1329/1911, II, 281-282.
Serkîs, Muʿcem , I, 270.
Brockelmann, GAL , II, 153-155; Suppl. , II, 154-155.
Hediyyetü’l-ʿârifîn , I, 120-121.
Îżâḥu’l-meknûn , I, 10, 165, 282; II, 643.
Kadrî Hâfız Tûkān, Türâs̱ü’l-ʿArabi’l-ʿilmî fi’r-riyâżiyyât ve’l-felek , Beyrut, ts. (Dârü’ş-şark), s. 439-441.
Ali Abdullah ed-Deffâ‘, Târîḫu’r-riyâżiyyât ʿinde’l-ʿArab ve’l-müslimîn , Beyrut 1401/1981, s. 186-193.
D. A. King, Fihrisü’l-maḫṭûṭâti’l-ʿilmiyyeti’l-maḥfûẓa bi-Dâri’l-kütübi’l-Mıṣriyye , Kahire 1981, II, 904-916; ayrıca bk. tür.yer.
Cevat İzgi, Osmanlı Medreselerinde İlim , İstanbul 1997, I, 226-233.
Ramazan Şeşen, Muḫtârât mine’l-maḫṭûṭâti’l-ʿArabiyyeti’n-nâdire fî mektebâti Türkiyâ , İstanbul 1997, s. 169-173.
Müsellim ez-Zeybek, “Maḫṭûṭâtu İbni’l-Hâʾim er-riyâżiyye”, Âfâḳu’s̱-s̱eḳāfe ve’t-türâs̱ , I/4, Dübey 1414/1994, s. 55-64.
Muhsin Nâcî Nasrâbâdî, “İbn Hâʾim”, DMBİ , V, 97-99.
Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2000 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 21. cildinde, 62-65 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.