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II. Mahmut Türbe Alanından Tarihe İlişkin Çıkarımlar ve Tarih Öğretimine İlişkin Öneriler Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 28, 165 – 176, 30.06.2024
Berrin Bayburt
https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1473170
Öz Tarih öğretiminin ezberden, geleneksellikten uzak ve öğrencilerin bilişsel becerilerini geliştirecek kazanımlar içerecek şekilde tasarlanması, dersten beklenen hedeflerin gerçekleştirilmesinde büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu noktada tarih öğretiminde, öğrenme ortamlarının ve öğrenme materyallerinin zenginleştirilmesi de tarih öğretiminden beklenen kazanımların gerçekleştirilmesinde doğrudan ve yapıcı etkide bulunan ögeler arasında yer almaktadır. Tarih öğretiminde okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarının önemine dayanan mantıksal çerçeveden hareketle gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmanın amacı; İstanbul ili Fatih ilçesinde yer alan Sultan II. Mahmut, Sultan Abdülaziz ve Sultan II. Abdülhamit gibi Osmanlı dönemi önemli şahsiyetlerinin mezarlarının bulunduğu tarih alanı örneğinden hareketle Meşrutiyet Dönemi ve Cumhuriyet Tarihi’ne ilişkin çıkarımlarda bulunmak ve böylece mezarlıkların okul dışı öğrenme ortamları olarak yararlanılabilecek bir kaynak olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, İstanbul ili Fatih ilçesi Sultanahmet mevkiinde bulunan ve halkın ziyaretine açık olan tarihi mezar alanı ziyaret edilmiş ve alanda mezarları bulunan şahsiyetlerin bir kısmıyla ilgili literatür taraması yapılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda, belli bir tarihi döneme ait bir konu ele alınırken mezarlıklar örneğinde olduğu gibi tarihsel alan ziyaretlerinin konuya farklı açılardan bakılmasına katkı sağladığı ve bu tür ziyaretlerin tarih öğretiminde karşılaştırma, eleştirme, araştırma becerileri konusunda öğrencilere yol gösterici olabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın, tarih öğretiminde okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarından yararlanma noktasında literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Tarih Öğretimi, Tarihi Alanlar, Mezarlıklar, Meşrutiyet, Cumhuriyet
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Ortaöğretim Kurumlarında Görev Yapan Tarih Öğretmenlerinin Tarih Öğretimine İlişkin Görüşleri (Isparta İli Örneği). Ulakbilge, 1(2), 1-28. Carr, E. H. (1987). Tarih Nedir? (Çev. M. Gizem Gürtürk). İstanbul: İletişim Yay. Carr, E. H. (2004). Tarih Nedir? (Çev. M. G. Gürtürk). İstanbul: İletişim Yay. Collingwood, R. G. (1996). Tarih Tasarımı. (Çev. Kurtuluş Dinçer), Ankara: Gündoğan Yayıncılık. Çavdar, N. (2011). Siyasi Denge Unsuru Olarak 31 Mart Vakası’nda Ahmet Tevfik Paşa Hükümeti. History Studies, 3 (1), 69-82. Çetin, H. (2022). Jakobenizme Karşı Muhafazakarlığın Meydan Okuyuşu: Said Halim Paşa. Düşünce Dergisi, 62, 104-144. Çetin, M. A. & Metin, C. (2013). Mezarlık ve Şehitlik Ziyaretlerinin Tarih Bilgisi ve Bilincinin oluşumunda ve Akademik Başarıya Etkisi, Anadolu Eğitim Liderliği ve Öğretim Dergisi, 1(1), 44-66. Çetinsaya, G. (2016). II. Abdülhamid’in İç Politikası: Bir Dönemlendirme Denemesi. Osmanlı Araştırmaları, XLVII, 353-409. Danış, M. S. (2022). Said Halim Paşa Düşüncesinde İslam Devletinin Siyasi Yapısı. International Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 8(55), 310-318. Demircioğlu, İ. H. & Tokdemir, M. A. (2008). Değerlerin Oluşturulma Sürecinde Tarih Eğitimi: Amaç, İşlev ve İçerik. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 6(15), 69-88. Demircioğlu, İ. H. (2009). Tarih Öğretmenlerinin Tarihsel Düşünme Becerilerine Yönelik Görüşleri. Milli Eğitim, 39(184), 228-239. Downey, L. B. (2008). A Century of Veterans. Social Studies and the Young Learner, 21(2), 25-27. Gang, B. (2007). Teaching of History. Rajat Publications: New Delhi. Groce, E. W. R. & Poling, L. (2013). “Tomb It May Concern”: Visit Your Local Cemetery For A Multidisciplinary (And Economical) Field Trip. Social Studies and the Young Learner, 25(3), 13-17. Guluzade, P. (2021). Tarih Yazıcılığında Bir Sorun Olarak Taraflılık. Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi (UTAD), 5(1), 85-107. Günay, N. (2014). İttihatçıların Türkleştirme Siyasetiyle İlgili İddialar ve Tarih Yazımındaki Çelişkiler. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, XXX(88), 115-158. Güneş, H. (2023). Osmanlı Matbuatına Göre Hasan Fehmi Cinayeti. İçtimiayat, 7(2), 394-412. Gürsoy, Ş. & Çapcıoğlu, İ. (2006). Bir Türk Düşünürü Olarak Ziya Gökalp: Hayatı, Kişiliği ve Düşünce Yapısı Üzerine Bir inceleme. AÜİFD, 47(2), 29-98. Hegediš, P. J. & Hus, V. (2020). Cemetery As An Opportunity For Learning Outside The Classroom. Creative Education, 11(12), 2660-2671. Huerta, R. (2016). The Cemetery As A Site For Aesthetic Enquiry In Art Education. International Journal of Education Through Art, 12(1), 7-20. İnalcık, H. (2016). Türklük, Müslümanlık ve Osmanlı Mirası. İstanbul: Kırmızı Yayınları. Kale, Y. (2020). “Tarih Öğretiminde Müzeler ve Tarihi Mekanlar”, Tarih Nasıl Öğretilir? Tarih Öğretmenleri İçin Özel Öğretim Yöntemleri, Ed. Mustafa Safran, İstanbul: Yeni İnsan Yayınevi. Kanlıdere, A. (2020). İshak Sukuti. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, 1, 648-649. Kızıltan, Y. (2006). I. Meşrutiyetin ilânı ve ilk Osmanlı Meclis-i Mebusan’ı. Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 26 (1), 251-272. Korkmaz, T. (2023). Cumhuriyetin Kuruluş Dönemi’nde Resmî İdeoloji ve Türk Tarih Tezi’ne Alternatif Bir Yaklaşım: Atsız Mecmua. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 10(Cumhuriyet Özel), 642-669. Köşkçü, Z. & Yığcı, S. (2020). İstanbul Divanyolu’nda Sultan II. Mahmud Türbesi’nin Haziresindeki Kadın Mezar Taşları, Atatürk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(44), 47-66. Küçük, C. (1998). Abdülaziz. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi İçinde (179-185). c. 1. Le Bon, G. (1932). Tarih Felsefesinin İlmi Esasları. İstanbul. Lickona, T., Schaps, E. & Lewis, C. (2003). Eleven Principles Of Effective Character Education. Character Education Partnership, http://www.character.org. Milliyet. (24 Eylül 2009). Osmanlı Hanedanı Reis’ini Kaybetti. www.milliyet.com.tr, Tarihi: 10.11.2023. Oğuz Haçat, Z. & Topal, M. (2023). Okul Dışı Öğrenme Ortamı Olarak Mezarlıklar, Türkiye Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(2), 212-225. Özlü, N. (2021). II. Mahmud Döneminde İstanbul: Kent, İdeoloji ve Mimari, Mimarlık ve Yaşam Dergisi, 6(1), 199-222. Rigoa, K. F. (2014). Graveyard At School: Death And Cemetery May Take Place In The School? Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 3740-3743. Sabah. (15 Temmuz 2010). II. Abdülhamit’in Torunu Vefat Etti. www.sabah.com.tr. Erişim Tarihi: 10.11.2023. Safi, İ. (2018). II. Meşrutiyet Döneminde Siyasal İktidarın Toplumsal Muhalefete Bakış Açısı: Hasan Fehmi Bey Suikastı ve Muhalefetin Tasfiyesi, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(2), 268-286. Sarıaslan, F. (2023). II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi ve Kanun-I Esâsî: Siyasal Sistem Tartışmaları Ekseninde Bir İnceleme, Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, 54, 161-192. Semiz, Y. (2014). İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti ve Türkçülük Politikası, Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 35, 217-244. Sınmaz Sönmez, C. (2014). Sürgünden Vatana: Osmanlı Hanedanının Geri Dönen İlk Üyeleri (1924-1951), The Pursuit of History, 12, 83-117. Sınmaz Sönmez, C. (2022). Osmanlı Hanedanı’na Mensup Sultan, Hanımsultan ve Sultanzâdelerin Türkiye’ye Dönüşü İçin Yapılan Yasal Düzenleme (16 Haziran 1952) ve Kamuoyuna Yansıması. International Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 8(55), 149-159. Southgate, B. (1997). History What & Why? Routledg. Tanıyıcı, Ş. & Kahraman, S. (2017). II. Abdülhamit’in Dış Politikasında İslamcılık ve İngiliz Şeyhülislam Abdullah Quilliam. Medeniyet ve Toplum, 1 (2), 7-31. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı. (2020). İslam Ansiklopedisi. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayın Matbaacılık ve Ticaret İşletmesi. Uzun, H. (2005). Türk Demokrasi Tarihinde I. Meşrutiyet. Gazi Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 145-162. Uzun, H. (2006). Tarih Bilimi ve Tarihte Nedensellik. Gazi Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 1-13. Waite, S. (2019). Outdoor Learning Research: Insight Into Forms And Functions. Abingdon: Routhledge. Yıldız, Ö. (2003). Türkiye’de Tarih Öğretiminin Sorunları ve Çağdaş Çözüm Önerileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2),181-190. Yücel, İ. (2017). Fransız Belgelerinde Son Halife Abdülmecid ve Türkiye’de Hilafetin Kaldırılması, Ankara Üniversitesi Türk İnkılap Tarihi Enstitüsü Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, 61, 467-492.
Historical Inferences from the Mahmut II Tomb Site and Suggestions for History Teaching Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 28, 165 – 176, 30.06.2024
Berrin Bayburt
https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1473170
Öz Designing history education in a way that is free from rote memorization and traditional methods, incorporating outcomes that enhance students’ cognitive skills, is crucial in achieving the desired objectives of the course. In this regard, enriching learning environments and materials in history education are among the elements directly and constructively influencing the realization of expected outcomes in history teaching. Based on the logical framework emphasizing the importance of extracurricular learning environments in history education, the aim of this research is to draw inferences about the Constitutional Monarchy Period and Republican History based on the historical site example where the graves of significant figures of the Ottoman era such as Sultan Mahmut II, Sultan Abdulaziz, and Sultan Abdulhamit II are located in the Fatih district of Istanbul province. The purpose is to demonstrate that cemeteries can serve as sources for extracurricular learning environments. To achieve this goal, a historical cemetery located in the Sultanahmet district of the Fatih district in Istanbul province, open to the public, was visited, and literature research related to some of the personalities buried in the area was conducted to obtain data. Based on the obtained data, it was concluded that historical site visits, similar to cemeteries as an example, contribute to examining the subject from different perspectives when dealing with a specific historical period, and that such visits can guide students in terms of comparison, criticism, and research skills in history teaching. It is expected that this research will contribute to the literature in terms of utilizing extracurricular learning environments in history teaching
Anahtar Kelimeler History Teaching, Historical Areas, Cemeteries, Constitutional Monarchy, Republic
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Said Halim Paşa Düşüncesinde İslam Devletinin Siyasi Yapısı. International Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 8(55), 310-318. Demircioğlu, İ. H. & Tokdemir, M. A. (2008). Değerlerin Oluşturulma Sürecinde Tarih Eğitimi: Amaç, İşlev ve İçerik. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 6(15), 69-88. Demircioğlu, İ. H. (2009). Tarih Öğretmenlerinin Tarihsel Düşünme Becerilerine Yönelik Görüşleri. Milli Eğitim, 39(184), 228-239. Downey, L. B. (2008). A Century of Veterans. Social Studies and the Young Learner, 21(2), 25-27. Gang, B. (2007). Teaching of History. Rajat Publications: New Delhi. Groce, E. W. R. & Poling, L. (2013). “Tomb It May Concern”: Visit Your Local Cemetery For A Multidisciplinary (And Economical) Field Trip. Social Studies and the Young Learner, 25(3), 13-17. Guluzade, P. (2021). Tarih Yazıcılığında Bir Sorun Olarak Taraflılık. Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi (UTAD), 5(1), 85-107. Günay, N. (2014). İttihatçıların Türkleştirme Siyasetiyle İlgili İddialar ve Tarih Yazımındaki Çelişkiler. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, XXX(88), 115-158. Güneş, H. (2023). Osmanlı Matbuatına Göre Hasan Fehmi Cinayeti. İçtimiayat, 7(2), 394-412. Gürsoy, Ş. & Çapcıoğlu, İ. (2006). Bir Türk Düşünürü Olarak Ziya Gökalp: Hayatı, Kişiliği ve Düşünce Yapısı Üzerine Bir inceleme. AÜİFD, 47(2), 29-98. Hegediš, P. J. & Hus, V. (2020). Cemetery As An Opportunity For Learning Outside The Classroom. Creative Education, 11(12), 2660-2671. Huerta, R. (2016). The Cemetery As A Site For Aesthetic Enquiry In Art Education. International Journal of Education Through Art, 12(1), 7-20. İnalcık, H. (2016). Türklük, Müslümanlık ve Osmanlı Mirası. İstanbul: Kırmızı Yayınları. Kale, Y. (2020). “Tarih Öğretiminde Müzeler ve Tarihi Mekanlar”, Tarih Nasıl Öğretilir? Tarih Öğretmenleri İçin Özel Öğretim Yöntemleri, Ed. Mustafa Safran, İstanbul: Yeni İnsan Yayınevi. Kanlıdere, A. (2020). İshak Sukuti. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, 1, 648-649. Kızıltan, Y. (2006). I. Meşrutiyetin ilânı ve ilk Osmanlı Meclis-i Mebusan’ı. Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 26 (1), 251-272. Korkmaz, T. (2023). Cumhuriyetin Kuruluş Dönemi’nde Resmî İdeoloji ve Türk Tarih Tezi’ne Alternatif Bir Yaklaşım: Atsız Mecmua. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 10(Cumhuriyet Özel), 642-669. Köşkçü, Z. & Yığcı, S. (2020). İstanbul Divanyolu’nda Sultan II. Mahmud Türbesi’nin Haziresindeki Kadın Mezar Taşları, Atatürk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(44), 47-66. Küçük, C. (1998). Abdülaziz. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi İçinde (179-185). c. 1. Le Bon, G. (1932). Tarih Felsefesinin İlmi Esasları. İstanbul. Lickona, T., Schaps, E. & Lewis, C. (2003). Eleven Principles Of Effective Character Education. Character Education Partnership, http://www.character.org. Milliyet. (24 Eylül 2009). Osmanlı Hanedanı Reis’ini Kaybetti. www.milliyet.com.tr, Tarihi: 10.11.2023. Oğuz Haçat, Z. & Topal, M. (2023). Okul Dışı Öğrenme Ortamı Olarak Mezarlıklar, Türkiye Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(2), 212-225. Özlü, N. (2021). II. Mahmud Döneminde İstanbul: Kent, İdeoloji ve Mimari, Mimarlık ve Yaşam Dergisi, 6(1), 199-222. Rigoa, K. F. (2014). Graveyard At School: Death And Cemetery May Take Place In The School? Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 3740-3743. Sabah. (15 Temmuz 2010). II. Abdülhamit’in Torunu Vefat Etti. www.sabah.com.tr. Erişim Tarihi: 10.11.2023. Safi, İ. (2018). II. Meşrutiyet Döneminde Siyasal İktidarın Toplumsal Muhalefete Bakış Açısı: Hasan Fehmi Bey Suikastı ve Muhalefetin Tasfiyesi, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(2), 268-286. Sarıaslan, F. (2023). II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi ve Kanun-I Esâsî: Siyasal Sistem Tartışmaları Ekseninde Bir İnceleme, Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, 54, 161-192. Semiz, Y. (2014). İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti ve Türkçülük Politikası, Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 35, 217-244. Sınmaz Sönmez, C. (2014). Sürgünden Vatana: Osmanlı Hanedanının Geri Dönen İlk Üyeleri (1924-1951), The Pursuit of History, 12, 83-117. Sınmaz Sönmez, C. (2022). Osmanlı Hanedanı’na Mensup Sultan, Hanımsultan ve Sultanzâdelerin Türkiye’ye Dönüşü İçin Yapılan Yasal Düzenleme (16 Haziran 1952) ve Kamuoyuna Yansıması. International Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 8(55), 149-159. Southgate, B. (1997). History What & Why? Routledg. Tanıyıcı, Ş. & Kahraman, S. (2017). II. Abdülhamit’in Dış Politikasında İslamcılık ve İngiliz Şeyhülislam Abdullah Quilliam. Medeniyet ve Toplum, 1 (2), 7-31. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı. (2020). İslam Ansiklopedisi. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayın Matbaacılık ve Ticaret İşletmesi. Uzun, H. (2005). Türk Demokrasi Tarihinde I. Meşrutiyet. Gazi Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 145-162. Uzun, H. (2006). Tarih Bilimi ve Tarihte Nedensellik. Gazi Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 1-13. Waite, S. (2019). Outdoor Learning Research: Insight Into Forms And Functions. Abingdon: Routhledge. Yıldız, Ö. (2003). Türkiye’de Tarih Öğretiminin Sorunları ve Çağdaş Çözüm Önerileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2),181-190. Yücel, İ. (2017). Fransız Belgelerinde Son Halife Abdülmecid ve Türkiye’de Hilafetin Kaldırılması, Ankara Üniversitesi Türk İnkılap Tarihi Enstitüsü Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, 61, 467-492. Toplam 55 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Tarih Eğitimi, Türk Siyasal Hayatı Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri Yazarlar Berrin Bayburt Bir kuruma bağlı değildir 0000-0003-2237-4583 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Nisan 2024 Kabul Tarihi 24 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 28
Kaynak Göster APA Bayburt, B. (2024). II. Mahmut Türbe Alanından Tarihe İlişkin Çıkarımlar ve Tarih Öğretimine İlişkin Öneriler. Asya Studies, 8(28), 165-176. https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1473170
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