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İLKOKUL 4. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE KAVRAM HATALARININ İNCELENMESİ (KESİR KONUSU ÖRNEĞİ) Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 443 – 461, 30.06.2024
Zeynep Yıldız , Hilal Gültekin , Servet Gök , Esra Mutlu , Mustafa Açıkgöz
https://doi.org/10.47525/ulasbid.1475649
Öz The aim of this research is to examine students’ misconceptions when representing different types of fractions using fraction models, their knowledge about fractions, and the misconceptions that may arise when using alternative models to represent given fraction expressions. This qualitative research, employing a descriptive survey design, seeks to identify the conceptual errors students make in fraction modelling. The study involved 118 fourth-grade students (58 female and 60 male) from four classes during the 2021-2022 academic year, selected through convenient sampling. Data were collected using the ‘Fraction Modelling Performance Scale’, which includes 15 questions to identify students’ misconceptions in modelling fractions. Content analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that students struggled to model fractions beyond the classical types they were taught. Analysis of the errors showed that the misconceptions causing these mistakes were often consistent across similar questions. The most significant learning difficulties related to fraction modelling, dividing into equal parts, and distinguishing between fraction types included: unevenly dividing the whole into parts, drawing unequal wholes, difficulties in drawing figures, inability to colour the model based on the given fraction number, and failure to convert a fraction to its equivalent form.
Anahtar Kelimeler Primary School, Mathematics, Consept Errors, Fraction Types, Fraction Modelling
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(2004), Matematiksel düşüncenin başlangıç noktası: matematiksel kavramlar, Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, Sayı:39, Yaz 2004, 338-355. Doğanay, A. (2005). Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretimi. (Edt: C.Öztürk ve D. Dursun). Hayat Bilgisi ve Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretimi Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık, 17-52. Dündar, H. (2007). Kavram Analizi Stratejisinin Öğrencilerin Kavram Öğrenme Başarısı ve Hayat Bilgisi Dersine İlişkin Tutumlarına Etkisi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Ankara. Eraslan, A. (2011). İlköğretim matematik öğretmen adaylarının model oluşturma etkinlikleri ve bunların matematik öğrenimine etkisi hakkındaki görüşleri. İlköğretim Online, 10(1),364-377. Erbaş, A. K. (2004). Teachers‘ knowledge of student thinking and their instructional practices in algebra. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. Eroğlu, C. (2008). İlköğretim Sosyal Bilgiler Dersinde Geçen Kavramların İçerik Düzenleme Stratejileri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Adana. Ersoy, Y. (2006). İlköğretim matematik öğretim programındaki yenilikler-I: Amaç, içerik ve kazanımlar. İlköğretim Online, 5(1), 30-44. Ersoy, Y. & Ardahan, H. (2003). İlköğretim okullarında kesirlerin öğretimi II: Tanıya yönelik etkinlikler düzenleme, http://www.matder.org.tr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=64:ilkogretim-okullarinda-kesirlerin-ogretimi-ii-taniya-yonelik-etkinlikler duzenleme&catid=8:matematik-kosesi-makaleleri&Itemid=172 adresinden 08.08.2023 tarihinde indirilmiştir. Gümüş, İ., Demir, Y., Koçak, E., Kaya, Y., & Kırıcı, M. (2008). Modelle öğretimin öğrenci başarısına etkisi. Erzincan Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 65–90. Hansen, A. (2014). Children’s errors in mathematics. London: Sage Publications. Haser, Ç. ve Ubuz, B., (2001). İlköğretim 5.sınıf Öğrencilerinin Kesirler Konusunda Kavramsal Anlama ve İşlem Yapma Performansı. IV. Fen Bilimleri Eğitimi Kongresi, s: 609-612 MEB Yay., Ankara. Işıksal, M. (2006). A study on pre-service elementary mathematics teachers ‘subject matter knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge regarding the multiplication and division of fractions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara. Janis I L (1949). The Problem of Validating Content Analysis. H.D. Lasswell ve ark (eds), The Language of Politics: Studies in Quantitative Semantics, George Stewart. New York, pp. 55-82. Kaptan, F. (1998). Fen öğretiminde kavram haritası yönteminin kullanılması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(14). Kar, T. & Işık, C. (2014). Ortaokul yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin kesirlerle çıkarma işlemine kurdukları problemlerin analizi. İlköğretim Online, 13(4), 1223-1239. Karasar, N. (1995). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (7. Baskı). 3A Araştırma Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd Karasar, N. (2006). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım. Lesh, R., & Doerr, H. M. (2003). Beyond Constructivism, Models and Model (English)ing Perspectives on Mathematics Problem Solving. Learning, and Teaching Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003 ISBN 0-8058-3821-X (cloth) ISBN 0-8058-3822-8 (pbk) text, references, author index, subject index A Source Book for Teachers and Teacher Education, 12-597 Önal, H., & Yorulmaz, A. (2017). İlkokul dördüncü sinif öğrencilerinin kesirler konusunda yaptiklari hatalar. Eğitim Ve Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 98-113. Pesen, C. (2008). Kesirlerin sayi doğrusu üzerindeki gösteriminde öğrencilerin öğrenme güçlükleri ve kavram yanilgilari. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(15), 157-168. Sherman, H.J., Richardson, L.I. & Yard, G. (2005). Teaching children who struggle with Mathematics: A systematic approach to diagnosis and instruction, Pearson Education Inc. Spooner, M. (2002) Errors and misconceptions in maths at key stage 2: Working Towards Success in SATs. London: David Fulton. Şiap, İ. & Duru, A. (2004). Kesirlerde geometriksel modelleri kullanabilme becerisi. Gazi Üniversitesi Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 12(1), 89-96. Siebert, D., & Gaskin, N. (2006). Creating, naming, and justifying fractions. Teaching Children Mathematics, 12(8), 394-400. Tabak, H., Ahi, B., Bozdemir, H., Sarı, M. H. (2010). İlköğretim 4. Ve 5. Sinif öğrencilerinin matematik dersinde kesirleri modelleme becerileri. Education Sciences, 5(4), 1513-1522. Tekkaya, C., & Balcı, S. (2003). Öğrencilerin fotosentez ve bitkilerde solunum konularındaki kavram yanılgılarının saptanması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(24). Tennyson, R.D. ve Cochiarella, M.J., (1986). “An Empirically Based Instructional Design Theory for Teaching Conceptsé”. Review of Education Research, Vol. 56, N.1, pp. 40-71. Tirosh, D. (2000). Enhancing prospective teachers‘ knowledge of children‘s conceptions: The case of division of fractions. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 31, 5-25. Tutak, T., & Güder, Y. (2014). Matematiksel modellemenin tanımı, kapsamı ve önemi. Turkish Journal of Educational Studies, 1(1). Ülgen, G. (2001). Kavram Geliştirme Kuram ve Uygulamalar. Pegem A Yayıncılık, 3. Baskı, Ankara. Ülgen, G. (2001). Kavram Geliştirme. PegemA Yayıncılık. 3. Baskı, Ankara. Ülgen, G. (2004). Kavram Geliştirme. Ankara: Nobel Yay. Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde NitelAraştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. Yenilmez, K. & Yaşa, E. (2008). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin geometrideki kavram yanılgıları. Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2), 461-483. Zembat, Ġ. Ö. (2010). Prospective elementary teachers‘ conceptions of volume. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2, 2111–2115. Ward, J. & Thomas, G. (2007). What do teachers know about fractions? In Findings from the New Zealand Numeracy Development Project 2006 (pp. 128-138). Wellington: Ministry of Education. Watson, K., Handal, B., Maher, M., & McGinty, E. (2017). Globalising The Class Size Debate: Myths And Realities. Journal of International and Comparative Education (JICE), 72-85.
İLKOKUL 4. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE KAVRAM HATALARININ İNCELENMESİ (KESİR KONUSU ÖRNEĞİ) Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 443 – 461, 30.06.2024
Zeynep Yıldız , Hilal Gültekin , Servet Gök , Esra Mutlu , Mustafa Açıkgöz
https://doi.org/10.47525/ulasbid.1475649
Öz Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğrencilerin kesir çeşitlerini kesir modeli üzerinde gösterirken oluşan kavram hatalarını, kesir konusu hakkındaki bilgilerini ve farklı bir model çizerek verilen kesir ifadesini gösterirken oluşabilecek kavram hatalarını belirlemektir. Bu amaçla araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi ve bu yönteme ait durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu kolay ulaşılabilir örneklem yöntemiyle 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında 4. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 4 şubeden, 58’i kız öğrenci, 60’ı erkek öğrenci olmak üzeri toplam 118 öğrenci ile oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada öğrencilerin kesirleri modellerken oluşan kavram yanılgılarını tespit etmek için 15 sorudan oluşan ‘Kesir Modelleme Performans Ölçeği’ veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmesi sonucunda öğrencilerin, kesirleri öğretilen klasik model çeşitleri dışında modelleyemediği tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin yapmış oldukları hatalar incelendiğinde, hataların ve bu hatalara neden olan kavram yanılgılarının birbirine benzer sorularda sıklıkla aynı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kesirlerde modelleme, eş parçalara ayırma ve kesir çeşitlerini ayırt etme ile ilgili konularda öğrencilerin en sık yaptıkları hataların; bütünü parçalara ayırırken parçaları eşit olarak ayıramamaları, birbirine eş bütünler çizememeleri, şekillerin çiziminde zorlanmaları, kesir sayısı verilen modeli boyayamamaları ve kesir sayısını kendine eş kesir sayısına dönüştürememeleri olduğu görülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler İlkokul, Matematik, Kavram Hataları, Kesir Çeşitleri, Kesir Modelleme
Kaynakça Alacaci, C. (2010). Öğrencilerin kesirler konusundaki kavram yanılgıları. Bingölbali, E. ve Özmantar M. F. (Ed.), Matematiksel Zorluklar ve Çözüm Önerileri. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık. Aksan, D. (2003). Her yönüyle dil ana çizgileriyle dilbilim. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları. Baltacı, A. (2017). Nitel Veri Analizinde Miles-Huberman Modeli. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (AEÜSBED), 3(1), 1-15. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2012). Örnekleme yöntemleri. Bingolbali, E., Akkoç, H., Özmantar, F., & Demir, S. (2011). Pre-Service and inservice teachers‘views of the sources of students‘ mathematical difficulties. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 6,40 -59. Bryman, A. (2007). Barriers To İntegrating Quantitative And Qualitative Research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 8-22. Chick, H. L. (2010). Aspects of teachers‘ knowledge for helping students learn about ratio. Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, 33, 145-152. Coşkun, Mahinur Karataş (2009), “Kavram Öğretimi”, I. Basım, Adana, Karahan Kitabevi. Cramer, K., & Henry, A. (2002). Using manipulative models to build number sense for addition of fractions. In Making sense of fractions, ratios, and proportions (pp. 41-48). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Çiltaş, A. ve Işık, A. (2012). Matematiksel modelleme yönteminin akademik başarıya etkisi. Çağdaş Eğitim Dergisi Akademik, 2, 57-67. Çiltaş, A. ve Yılmaz K. (2013). İlköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının teoremlerin ifadeleri için kurmuş oldukları matematiksel modeller. Eğitim ve Öğretim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), No: 12, 107-115. Dede, Y. (2003). ARCS motivasyon modeli'nin öğrencilerin matematiğe yönelik motivasyonlarına etkisi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (14), 173-182. Dede, Y. ve Argün, Z. (2004), Matematiksel düşüncenin başlangıç noktası: matematiksel kavramlar, Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, Sayı:39, Yaz 2004, 338-355. Doğanay, A. (2005). Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretimi. (Edt: C.Öztürk ve D. Dursun). Hayat Bilgisi ve Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretimi Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık, 17-52. Dündar, H. (2007). Kavram Analizi Stratejisinin Öğrencilerin Kavram Öğrenme Başarısı ve Hayat Bilgisi Dersine İlişkin Tutumlarına Etkisi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Ankara. Eraslan, A. (2011). İlköğretim matematik öğretmen adaylarının model oluşturma etkinlikleri ve bunların matematik öğrenimine etkisi hakkındaki görüşleri. İlköğretim Online, 10(1),364-377. Erbaş, A. K. (2004). Teachers‘ knowledge of student thinking and their instructional practices in algebra. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. Eroğlu, C. (2008). İlköğretim Sosyal Bilgiler Dersinde Geçen Kavramların İçerik Düzenleme Stratejileri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Adana. Ersoy, Y. (2006). İlköğretim matematik öğretim programındaki yenilikler-I: Amaç, içerik ve kazanımlar. İlköğretim Online, 5(1), 30-44. Ersoy, Y. & Ardahan, H. (2003). İlköğretim okullarında kesirlerin öğretimi II: Tanıya yönelik etkinlikler düzenleme, http://www.matder.org.tr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=64:ilkogretim-okullarinda-kesirlerin-ogretimi-ii-taniya-yonelik-etkinlikler duzenleme&catid=8:matematik-kosesi-makaleleri&Itemid=172 adresinden 08.08.2023 tarihinde indirilmiştir. Gümüş, İ., Demir, Y., Koçak, E., Kaya, Y., & Kırıcı, M. (2008). Modelle öğretimin öğrenci başarısına etkisi. Erzincan Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 65–90. Hansen, A. (2014). Children’s errors in mathematics. London: Sage Publications. Haser, Ç. ve Ubuz, B., (2001). İlköğretim 5.sınıf Öğrencilerinin Kesirler Konusunda Kavramsal Anlama ve İşlem Yapma Performansı. IV. Fen Bilimleri Eğitimi Kongresi, s: 609-612 MEB Yay., Ankara. Işıksal, M. (2006). A study on pre-service elementary mathematics teachers ‘subject matter knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge regarding the multiplication and division of fractions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara. Janis I L (1949). The Problem of Validating Content Analysis. H.D. Lasswell ve ark (eds), The Language of Politics: Studies in Quantitative Semantics, George Stewart. New York, pp. 55-82. Kaptan, F. (1998). Fen öğretiminde kavram haritası yönteminin kullanılması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(14). Kar, T. & Işık, C. (2014). Ortaokul yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin kesirlerle çıkarma işlemine kurdukları problemlerin analizi. İlköğretim Online, 13(4), 1223-1239. Karasar, N. (1995). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (7. Baskı). 3A Araştırma Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd Karasar, N. (2006). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım. Lesh, R., & Doerr, H. M. (2003). Beyond Constructivism, Models and Model (English)ing Perspectives on Mathematics Problem Solving. Learning, and Teaching Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003 ISBN 0-8058-3821-X (cloth) ISBN 0-8058-3822-8 (pbk) text, references, author index, subject index A Source Book for Teachers and Teacher Education, 12-597 Önal, H., & Yorulmaz, A. (2017). İlkokul dördüncü sinif öğrencilerinin kesirler konusunda yaptiklari hatalar. Eğitim Ve Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 98-113. Pesen, C. (2008). Kesirlerin sayi doğrusu üzerindeki gösteriminde öğrencilerin öğrenme güçlükleri ve kavram yanilgilari. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(15), 157-168. Sherman, H.J., Richardson, L.I. & Yard, G. (2005). Teaching children who struggle with Mathematics: A systematic approach to diagnosis and instruction, Pearson Education Inc. Spooner, M. (2002) Errors and misconceptions in maths at key stage 2: Working Towards Success in SATs. London: David Fulton. Şiap, İ. & Duru, A. (2004). Kesirlerde geometriksel modelleri kullanabilme becerisi. Gazi Üniversitesi Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 12(1), 89-96. Siebert, D., & Gaskin, N. (2006). Creating, naming, and justifying fractions. Teaching Children Mathematics, 12(8), 394-400. Tabak, H., Ahi, B., Bozdemir, H., Sarı, M. H. (2010). İlköğretim 4. Ve 5. Sinif öğrencilerinin matematik dersinde kesirleri modelleme becerileri. Education Sciences, 5(4), 1513-1522. Tekkaya, C., & Balcı, S. (2003). Öğrencilerin fotosentez ve bitkilerde solunum konularındaki kavram yanılgılarının saptanması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(24). Tennyson, R.D. ve Cochiarella, M.J., (1986). “An Empirically Based Instructional Design Theory for Teaching Conceptsé”. Review of Education Research, Vol. 56, N.1, pp. 40-71. Tirosh, D. (2000). Enhancing prospective teachers‘ knowledge of children‘s conceptions: The case of division of fractions. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 31, 5-25. Tutak, T., & Güder, Y. (2014). Matematiksel modellemenin tanımı, kapsamı ve önemi. Turkish Journal of Educational Studies, 1(1). Ülgen, G. (2001). Kavram Geliştirme Kuram ve Uygulamalar. Pegem A Yayıncılık, 3. Baskı, Ankara. Ülgen, G. (2001). Kavram Geliştirme. PegemA Yayıncılık. 3. Baskı, Ankara. Ülgen, G. (2004). Kavram Geliştirme. Ankara: Nobel Yay. Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde NitelAraştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. Yenilmez, K. & Yaşa, E. (2008). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin geometrideki kavram yanılgıları. Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2), 461-483. Zembat, Ġ. Ö. (2010). Prospective elementary teachers‘ conceptions of volume. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2, 2111–2115. Ward, J. & Thomas, G. (2007). What do teachers know about fractions? In Findings from the New Zealand Numeracy Development Project 2006 (pp. 128-138). Wellington: Ministry of Education. Watson, K., Handal, B., Maher, M., & McGinty, E. (2017). Globalising The Class Size Debate: Myths And Realities. Journal of International and Comparative Education (JICE), 72-85. Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Eğitimde Ölçme ve Değerlendirme (Diğer) Bölüm Makaleler Yazarlar Zeynep Yıldız YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY 0000-0002-1439-3592 Türkiye
Hilal Gültekin YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ 0009-0007-5461-6571 Türkiye
Servet Gök YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ 0009-0000-5349-097X Türkiye
Esra Mutlu YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0009-0003-8670-4999 Türkiye
Mustafa Açıkgöz YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ 0000-0001-8552-2251 Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 26 Haziran 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Nisan 2024 Kabul Tarihi 25 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2
Kaynak Göster APA Yıldız, Z., Gültekin, H., Gök, S., Mutlu, E., vd. (2024). İLKOKUL 4. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE KAVRAM HATALARININ İNCELENMESİ (KESİR KONUSU ÖRNEĞİ). Uluslararası Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2), 443-461. https://doi.org/10.47525/ulasbid.1475649
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