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KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ Skip to content Yıl 2024, Sayı: 20, 15 – 46, 19.08.2024
Kadir Caner Doğan , Hasan Mahmut Kalkisim
Öz Ombudsman, kavram olarak şikayet üzerine kamu yönetimi sorunlarını çözmeye çalışan yasal bir kurumdur. Günümüzde hemen hemen tüm devletlerde çeşitli düzeylerde uygulanmaktadır. Ombuds ve man kelimelerinden oluşan bu kavram, temsilci kişi anlamı taşımaktadır. Kamu yönetiminde reform konusu da özellikle dünya gündeminde 1980’li yıllardan sonra yeni kamu işletmeciliği uygulamaları ile önemini artırmıştır. Bu süreçte kamu yönetimlerini yeniden yapılandıran devletlerin çağdaş düzeyde ombudsman teşkilatı kurarak demokratikleşmeyi artırma girişimleri gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Avrupa’da Bulgaristan, Amerika’da Brezilya ve Asya’da Tayland devletlerinde karşılaştırmaya dayalı olarak ombudsman yapısal ve işlevsel yönleri ile genel olarak açıklanmak istenmektedir. Çalışmada, Doğu Avrupa’dan Bulgaristan, Latin Amerika’dan Brezilya ve Güney Asya’dan Tayland devletlerinin seçilmesinin asıl nedeni farklı siyasal rejimlerde ve kültürlerde ombudsmanın nasıl yapılandığını ifade edebilmektir. Nitekim krallık ve cumhuriyet rejimlerine dayalı üç farklı devlette ombudsmanın sisteme nasıl entegre olduğu araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada örneklenen Bulgaristan, Tayland ve Brezilya devletlerinde 1990’lı yıllarla birlikte ortaya çıkan modern devlet kurma ve kamu yönetimini demokratikleşme girişimlerinden biri ombudsman yapısına sahip olmak olmuştur. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, üç devlette kamu yönetiminde bir reform alanı olarak ombudsmanı yapısal ve işlevsel olarak açıklamaktır. Çalışmanın yöntemi, nitel analiz bağlamında literatür taramasıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler Ombudsman, Reform, Bulgaristan, Tayland, Brezilya
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Kucsko-Stadlmayer (Eds.), Asian Ombudsman Institutions: A Comparative Legal Analysis (pp.277-289), Austria: Verlag Österreich. Ertin, G. (2015). Bulgaristan’ın Nüfus Özellikleri (Geçmişten-Günümüze). Güney-Doğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, 27: 129-146. Eryılmaz, B. (2010). Kamu Yönetimi. Ankara: Okutman Yayıncılık. Evers, H. (2012). The News Ombudsman: Ligthtning Rod or Watchdog. Central European Journal of Communication, 2: 224-242. Fendoğlu, H. T. (2011). Kamu Denetçiliği (Ombudsmanlık). Ankara: Yetkin Yayınları. Galanter, M. (1976). The Duty Not To Deliver Legal Services. University of Miami Law Review, 30(929): 929-945. Gitmez, E. (2013). Brezilya Ülke Raporu. Şanlıurfa: T.C. Karacadağ Kalkınma Ajansı Şanlıurfa Yatırım Destek Ofisi. Gottehrer, D. (2009). Fundamental Elements of An Effective Ombudsman Institution.file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/Downloads/Stockholm%20Conference_15.%20Plenary%20Session%20II_Dear%20Gottehrer.pdf (24.02.2024). Gökçe, A. F. (2012). Çağdaş Kamu Yönetiminde Kamu Denetçiliği (Ombudsmanlık) ve Türkiye İçin Askeri Ombudsmanlık Önerisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2): 203-227. Hirst, P. ve Thompson, G. (2001). Küreselleşme ve Millî Devletin Geleceği. A. Selçuk Can (çev.), Türkiye ve Siyaset, 5, Kasım-Aralık, 1: 127-145. Hong, S.-P. (2011). A Comparative Study on Ombudsman Institutions in Asian Region, Anti-Corruption & Civil Rights Commission. Yonsei University, Republic of Korea. James, R. (1977). Private Ombudsmen and Public Law. Socio-Legal Studies Series, England: Ashgate Publishing. Kalağan, G. (2009). 1980 Sonrası Geleneksel Yönetim Paradigmasında Değişim ve Yönetsel-Siyasal Yeniden Yapılanma Arayışları. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1): 92-103. Karcı, Ş. M. (2016). Ombudsman: İskandinav Modelleri ve Türkiye Uygulaması. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. Kirkham, R. (2003). Dealing With Unlawful Charging of Mental Health Patients. 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Ombudsman as a Field of Reform in Public Administration: The Case of Bulgaria, Thailand and Brazil Yıl 2024, Sayı: 20, 15 – 46, 19.08.2024
Kadir Caner Doğan , Hasan Mahmut Kalkisim
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Yeni Kamu Yönetimi Yaklaşımı Bağlamında Kamu Denetçiliği ve Bir Denetim Aracı Önerisi Olarak Üniversite Ombudsmanlığı. İçinde Yüksel Koçak, Atıl Cem Çiçek (Eds.), Kamu Yönetimi: Yönetim ve Siyaset Ekseninde Yeniden Yapılanma (ss.151-175), Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi. Born, H., Wills, A. ve Buckland, B. S. (2011). A Comparative Perspective of Ombudsman Institutions for the Armed Forces. Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF), Policy Paper-No: 34, Geneva. Bowornwathana, B. (2011). History and Political Context of Public Administration in Thailand. E. M. Berman (Ed.), Public Administration in Southeast Asia Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Macao (pp.29-52), USA: CRC Press. Bozkurt, M. K. (2008). Ombudsmanlık Kurumu ve Türk Hukuk Sistemi. 08.11.2008, http://www.stratejikboyut.com (10.03.2013). Büyükbaykal, G. N. (2004). Basın Alanında Ombudsman Uygulaması. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19, s.170; Office of the Press Ombudsman, Press Council of Ireland, http://www.pressombudsman.ie/ (13.03.2013). DCAF Backgrounder (2006). Askeri Ombudsmanlık. Silahlı Kuvvetlerin Demokratik Denetimi Merkezi (DCAF-Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces), Cenevre, March, http://www.dcaf.ch/content/download/35178/525573/file/bg_military-ombusdman_tu.pdf (11.02.2012). Demiral, B. ve Demiral, N. (2012). Yerel Yönetimler Ombudsmanlığının Türkiye’de Uygulanabilirliği. Turgut Özal Uluslararası Ekonomi ve Siyaset Kongresi-II, İnönü Üniversitesi, 19-20 Nisan, Malatya. Dzhafer, N. (2019). Nature and Dynamics of The Problems in The Healthcare System During A Twelve-Year Period Based on The Complaints By Users to The Ombudsman Institution. Bulgarian Journal of Public Health, 11(3): 18-24. Eder, T. S. (2016). Thailand. U. Kriebaum, G. Kucsko-Stadlmayer (Eds.), Asian Ombudsman Institutions: A Comparative Legal Analysis (pp.277-289), Austria: Verlag Österreich. Ertin, G. (2015). Bulgaristan’ın Nüfus Özellikleri (Geçmişten-Günümüze). Güney-Doğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, 27: 129-146. Eryılmaz, B. (2010). Kamu Yönetimi. Ankara: Okutman Yayıncılık. Evers, H. (2012). The News Ombudsman: Ligthtning Rod or Watchdog. Central European Journal of Communication, 2: 224-242. Fendoğlu, H. T. (2011). Kamu Denetçiliği (Ombudsmanlık). Ankara: Yetkin Yayınları. Galanter, M. (1976). The Duty Not To Deliver Legal Services. University of Miami Law Review, 30(929): 929-945. Gitmez, E. (2013). Brezilya Ülke Raporu. Şanlıurfa: T.C. Karacadağ Kalkınma Ajansı Şanlıurfa Yatırım Destek Ofisi. Gottehrer, D. (2009). Fundamental Elements of An Effective Ombudsman Institution.file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/Downloads/Stockholm%20Conference_15.%20Plenary%20Session%20II_Dear%20Gottehrer.pdf (24.02.2024). Gökçe, A. F. (2012). Çağdaş Kamu Yönetiminde Kamu Denetçiliği (Ombudsmanlık) ve Türkiye İçin Askeri Ombudsmanlık Önerisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2): 203-227. Hirst, P. ve Thompson, G. (2001). Küreselleşme ve Millî Devletin Geleceği. A. Selçuk Can (çev.), Türkiye ve Siyaset, 5, Kasım-Aralık, 1: 127-145. Hong, S.-P. (2011). A Comparative Study on Ombudsman Institutions in Asian Region, Anti-Corruption & Civil Rights Commission. Yonsei University, Republic of Korea. James, R. (1977). Private Ombudsmen and Public Law. Socio-Legal Studies Series, England: Ashgate Publishing. Kalağan, G. (2009). 1980 Sonrası Geleneksel Yönetim Paradigmasında Değişim ve Yönetsel-Siyasal Yeniden Yapılanma Arayışları. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1): 92-103. Karcı, Ş. M. (2016). Ombudsman: İskandinav Modelleri ve Türkiye Uygulaması. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. Kirkham, R. (2003). Dealing With Unlawful Charging of Mental Health Patients. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 25(4): 401-412. Köksal, M. (2005). Ombudsman: “Kamu Hakemi”. Ankara: Melis Matbaacılık. Leblebici, D. N., Ömürgönülşen, U. ve Aydın, M. D. (2001). Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliği Yakalaşımında Önemli Bir Araç: Toplam Kalite Yönetimi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1): 123-135. Leyland, P. (2006). Droit Administratif Thai Style: A Comparative Analysis of the Administrative Courts in Thailand. Australian Journal of Asian Law, 8: 121-154. Leyland, P. (2007). The Ombudsman Principle in Thailand. J. Comp. L., 2(1), https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/jrnatila2&div=11&id=&page= (11.02.2024). Maurus, V. (2008). Ombudsman: Haber Kuruluşunda Medya Öz-Denetimi. İçinde Miklós Haraszti (Ed.), Medya Öz-Denetimi Rehber Kitabı, Viyana: Medya Özgürlüğü Temsilciliği Dairesi Avrupa Güvenlik ve İşbirliği Teşkilatı (AGİT). McMillan, J. (2013). 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Toplam 84 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Kamu Yönetimi Bölüm 2024 20. SAYI Yazarlar Kadir Caner Doğan GÜMÜŞHANE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GÜMÜŞHANE İKTİSADİ VE İDARİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ 0000-0002-3476-8865 Türkiye
Hasan Mahmut Kalkisim GÜMÜŞHANE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0003-1332-6168 Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 14 Ağustos 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Ağustos 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Mart 2024 Kabul Tarihi 14 Ağustos 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 20
Kaynak Göster APA Doğan, K. C., & Kalkisim, H. M. (2024). KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ. Ombudsman Akademik (20 ), 15-46. AMA Doğan KC, Kalkisim HM. KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ. OA. Ağustos 2024;(20):15-46. Chicago Doğan, Kadir Caner, ve Hasan Mahmut Kalkisim. “KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ”. Ombudsman Akademik, sy. 20 (Ağustos 2024): 15-46. EndNote Doğan KC, Kalkisim HM (01 Ağustos 2024) KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ. Ombudsman Akademik 20 15–46. IEEE K. C. Doğan ve H. M. Kalkisim, “KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ”, OA , sy. 20, ss. 15–46, Ağustos 2024. ISNAD Doğan, Kadir Caner – Kalkisim, Hasan Mahmut. “KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ”. Ombudsman Akademik 20 (Ağustos 2024), 15-46. JAMA Doğan KC, Kalkisim HM. KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ. OA . 2024;:15–46. MLA Doğan, Kadir Caner ve Hasan Mahmut Kalkisim. “KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ”. Ombudsman Akademik, sy. 20, 2024, ss. 15-46. Vancouver Doğan KC, Kalkisim HM. KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE BİR REFORM ALANI OLARAK OMBUDSMAN: BULGARİSTAN, TAYLAND VE BREZİLYA ÖRNEĞİ. OA. 2024(20):15-46.
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