KORKU: SEBEPLERİ, SONUÇLARI VE BAŞETME YOLLARI

Yıl 1998, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 9 – 16, 01.06.1998

Tülin GENÇÖZ

https://doi.org/10.1501/Kriz_0000000068

Öz

Korku kişinin kendi düşüncelerinin sebep olduğu
bir duygudur. Bu düşüncelerin içeriğinde “tehlike”
olduğu için korku reaksiyonu verilir. Bu nedenle
aynı durumla karşılaşan değişik kişiler, farklı düşünceleri
neticesinde farklı reaksiyonlar verebilirler.
Ancak çoğu zaman korkuyu yaşayan kişiler
bunun kendi düşüncelerinden kaynaklandığını bilmedikleri
için etkili bir çözüm üretme yoluna gitmezler
ve çaresizlik yaşayarak, korkularını kriz boyutlarına
taşıyabilirler. Yaşanan bu krizler de
kaçınma davranışlarını arttırarak hayattan zevk
alma potansiyelini azaltırlar. Öte yandan, korku
hissini yaratan ortamdaki düşüncelerini sorgulayan
ve bu ortamdan kaçmayan kişiler, bu duygularını
yenmeleri sonucunda hem önemli beceriler kazanırlar
hem de kendilerine olan güven ve yeterlilik
hislerinin artması gibi anlamlı gelişmeler gösterirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Korku, kaygı bozukluğu, kaçma, kaçınma, başetme yolları.

Kaynakça

• Abramson LY, Seligman MEP, Teasdale J (1978) Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87: 49-74.
• Beck AT (1976) Cognitive therapy and emotional disorders. New York: New American Library.
• Beck AT, Brown G, Steer RA ve ark (1987) Differentiating anxiety and depression: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 96:179-183.
• Beck AT, Clark DA (1988) Anxiety and depression: An information processing perspective. Anxiety Research, 1:23-26.
• Beck AT, Emery G (1985) Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective. New York: Basic Books.
• Beidel DC- Turner SM, Dancu CV (1985) Physiological, cognitive and behavioral aspects of social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23:109-117.
• Butler G (1985) Exposure as a treatment for social phobia: Some instructive difficulties. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23: 651-657.
• Chambless DL, Gracely EJ (1989) Fear ot fear and the anxiety disorders. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 13:9-20.
• Clark DA (1986) Cognitive-affective interaction: A test of the "specificity" and "generality" hypotheses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 10: 607-623.
• Clark DA, Beck TA, Brovvn G (1989) Cognitive mediation in general psychiatric outpatients: A test of the content specificity hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Pschology, 56: 958-964.
• Clark DM (1986) A cognitive approach to panic. Behavior Research and Therapy, 24: 461 -470.
• Cloitre M, Heimberg RG, Liebovv'rtz MR ve ark (1992)
• Perceptions of control in panic disorder and social phobia. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16: 569-577.
• D'Zurilla TJ, Goldfried MR (1971) Problem solving and behavior modification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 78:197-226.
• Folkman S (1984) Personal control and stress and coping processes: A theoretical analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46: 839-852.
• Folkman S, Lazarus RS (1980). An analysis of coping in a middleaged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21: 219-239.
• Girodo M, Dotzenroth SE, Stein SJ (1981) Causal attribution bias in shy males: Implications for self-esteem and self-confidence. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 5: 325-338.

Fear: Causes, Consequences, and Ways ofCoping

Yıl 1998, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 9 – 16, 01.06.1998

Tülin GENÇÖZ

https://doi.org/10.1501/Kriz_0000000068

Öz

Fear is an emotion that is a product of one’s
own thoughts. Due to the fact that the content of these thoughts includes “danger”, fear reaction is
exhibited. Thus, different individuals who are exposed
to similar situations may give different reactions
as a result of their differences in thought. On
the other hand, since usually people in fear do not
know that their reactions are caused by their own
thoughts, they do not look for an efficient coping
style and consequently crisis is experienced, accompanied
by feelings of helplessness. The experienced
crisis may increase the number of avoidant
acts and lead to a deprivation in the obtained
pleasure in life. On the other side, those people
who question their thoughts that are developed in
fear evoking situation and who do not escape from
these situations may reduce their fear, and in due
course they gain some important skills and show
significant improvements like increasing their selfesteem
and self-efficacy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fear, anxiety disorders, escape, avoidance, ways of coping.

Kaynakça

• Abramson LY, Seligman MEP, Teasdale J (1978) Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87: 49-74.
• Beck AT (1976) Cognitive therapy and emotional disorders. New York: New American Library.
• Beck AT, Brown G, Steer RA ve ark (1987) Differentiating anxiety and depression: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 96:179-183.
• Beck AT, Clark DA (1988) Anxiety and depression: An information processing perspective. Anxiety Research, 1:23-26.
• Beck AT, Emery G (1985) Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective. New York: Basic Books.
• Beidel DC- Turner SM, Dancu CV (1985) Physiological, cognitive and behavioral aspects of social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23:109-117.
• Butler G (1985) Exposure as a treatment for social phobia: Some instructive difficulties. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23: 651-657.
• Chambless DL, Gracely EJ (1989) Fear ot fear and the anxiety disorders. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 13:9-20.
• Clark DA (1986) Cognitive-affective interaction: A test of the "specificity" and "generality" hypotheses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 10: 607-623.
• Clark DA, Beck TA, Brovvn G (1989) Cognitive mediation in general psychiatric outpatients: A test of the content specificity hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Pschology, 56: 958-964.
• Clark DM (1986) A cognitive approach to panic. Behavior Research and Therapy, 24: 461 -470.
• Cloitre M, Heimberg RG, Liebovv'rtz MR ve ark (1992)
• Perceptions of control in panic disorder and social phobia. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16: 569-577.
• D'Zurilla TJ, Goldfried MR (1971) Problem solving and behavior modification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 78:197-226.
• Folkman S (1984) Personal control and stress and coping processes: A theoretical analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46: 839-852.
• Folkman S, Lazarus RS (1980). An analysis of coping in a middleaged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21: 219-239.
• Girodo M, Dotzenroth SE, Stein SJ (1981) Causal attribution bias in shy males: Implications for self-esteem and self-confidence. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 5: 325-338.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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