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MUSTAFA I Skip to content (ö. 1048/1639)
Osmanlı padişahı (1617-1618, 1622-1623).
Muhtemelen 1000 (1591-92) yılında babası III. Mehmed’in Saruhan sancak beyi olarak bulunduğu Manisa’da doğdu. Abaza asıllı olan annesinin adı bilinmemektedir. Babasının 1003’te (1595) tahta cülûs için Manisa’dan ayrılmasının ardından diğer kardeşleriyle birlikte İstanbul’a götürüldü. İlk temel eğitimini sarayda aldı. Kendisinden birkaç yaş büyük olan kardeşi Ahmed’in on dört yaşında tahta çıkması üzerine hânedanın geride kalan tek erkek üyesi olduğu ve yeni padişahın henüz bir erkek vârisi bulunmadığından hayatına dokunulmadı. Bunda III. Mehmed’in on dokuz kardeşini katlettirmesinin nefretle karşılanmasının da etkisi vardır. Daha sonra padişahın oğulları dünyaya gelince hayatı tehlikeye girdiyse de o sırada saraydaki siyasî çekişme yanında şehzadelerin küçük yaşta olması ve daha o yıllarda beliren aklî zafiyeti sebebiyle kendisine yönelik bir harekete girişilmedi. Bazı yabancı kaynaklarda I. Ahmed’in onu birkaç defa öldürtmeye teşebbüs ettiği fakat vazgeçtiği kaydedilir. Venedik elçisi Contarini’nin 1612 tarihli bir raporunda padişahın bu niyetini ilkinde âniden rahatsızlanması, ikincisinde büyük bir fırtına patlak vermesiyle ertelediği belirtilir. Bu dönemde onun sarayda çok sıkı gözetim altında tutulması psikolojik durumunu daha da sarsmış, aklî dengesinin bütünüyle bozulmasına yol açmıştır.
I. Ahmed’in beklenmedik şekilde genç yaşta vefatı Mustafa’ya taht yolunu açtı. Kaynaklarda, Şeyhülislâm Hocazâde Esad Efendi’nin geçerli veraset usulünün dışına çıkarak kaymakam Sofu Mehmed Paşa ile birlikte diğer devlet ileri gelenlerini de yanına çekip I. Ahmed’in büyük oğlu Osman dururken kardeşini tahta çıkartması mevcut saltanat sisteminde bir değişme olarak yorumlanmış ve şiddetle eleştirilmiştir. Dönemin tarihçilerinden Mehmed b. Mehmed Edirnevî, “ehl-i ilimde tecrübesiz ve sâdedil” olan şeyhülislâmın gayretleri sonucu kararın ittifâkla alındığını, ancak Osmanlı veraset sisteminde tahtın kardeşe değil oğula mahsus bulunduğunu belirtir (Mehmed b. Mehmed er-Rûmî [Edirneli]’nin Nuhbetü’t-tevârîh ve’l-ahbâr’ı , II, 16). Peçuylu İbrâhim ise yetişkin bir şehzade varken bir çocuğun tahta çıkarılmasının halk arasında iyi karşılanmayacağı düşüncesiyle hareket edildiğini ve Kızlar Ağası Mustafa Ağa’nın kendi çıkarı için aklen zayıf olan Mustafa’nın ileride düzelebileceği yolunda telkinlerle cülûs kararını etkilediğini yazar (Târih , II, 360-361). Ayrıca I. Ahmed’in zevcelerinden Kösem Sultan’ın kendi oğullarına taht yolunu açmak için Osman’ın padişahlığını engellemek maksadıyla Mustafa’yı tahta çıkaran grubun içinde yer aldığı rivayet edilir.
23 Zilkade 1026 (22 Kasım 1617) Çarşamba günü tahta oturan I. Mustafa cuma günü Eyüp’e giderek burada kılıç kuşandı. Hazineden 100 kese tutarında altın cülûs bahşişi olarak dağıtıldı. Onun 1 Rebîülevvel 1027 (26 Şubat 1618) tarihine kadar süren saltanatı sırasındaki icraatı hakkında kaynaklarda fazla bilgi yoktur. Yalnız Topçular Kâtibi Abdülkadir Efendi sürekli biçimde dışarı çıkıp avlandığını, silâh, tüfek, ok, yay ve kalkan gibi askerî teçhizatı görmek için yanına getirttiğini, bunları imal eden ustalara bahşişler verdiğini, hatta Tophane’ye gidip oradaki topları hayranlıkla inceleyip top atışı yaptırdığını, Tersane’yi de dolaşıp gemilerin durumunu incelediğini, 100 kadırga ve 100 firkateynin Karadeniz’e açılmasını emrettiğini, ulemâya, tekke şeyhlerine ve fakirlere ihsanda bulunduğunu yazar ve tahttan indirilme olayına temas etmeksizin onun kendi isteğiyle çekildiğini bildirir (Topçular Kâtibi , I, 666-670). Bununla beraber diğer kaynaklarda tahttan indirilme gerekçesi hakkında açık ifadeler bulunur. Dönemin tarihçilerinden Hasanbeyzâde Ahmed, padişahın aklında bir miktar hiffet olduğu halde tahta çıkarılırken iyileşeceğinin umulduğunu, ancak tabiplerin ilâçlarının fayda vermediğini, giderek cünun halinin arttığını, bunun üzerine Kızlar Ağası Mustafa Ağa’nın durumu Kaymakam Sofu Mehmed Paşa ile Şeyhülislâm Hocazâde Esad Efendi’ye bildirerek eğer önü alınmazsa hazineyi boşaltıp şehzadeleri öldürterek Osmanlı hânedanının soyunu keseceği ve derhal harekete geçilmesi gerektiği yolunda haberler yaydığını belirtir. Peçuylu ve Kâtib Çelebi gibi tarihçiler ise Mustafa’nın tutarsız hareketlerinden bahsedip onun yerli yersiz derya seyrine gittiği, yanındaki altınları balıklara yem diye attığı, ona buna para dağıttığı, vezirler arza girdiklerinde bazısının tülbendini çekip başını açtığı gibi garip hallerinden söz ederler (Târih , II, 360-362; Fezleke , I, 385-390).
Sofu Mehmed Paşa ve Esad Efendi, muhtemelen Mustafa’nın annesiyle de anlaşarak onun aklî zafiyet sebebiyle şer‘an padişahlık yapamayacağı hükmüne dayanıp tahttan indirilmesini sağladılar. I. Mustafa’nın oturduğu odanın kapıları üstüne kapanarak hapsedildikten sonra I. Ahmed’in oğlu II. Osman tahta çıktı (1 Rebîülevvel 1027 / 26 Şubat 1618). II. Osman, amcasının tahta çıkarılmasından duyduğu kırgınlığı Sofu Mehmed Paşa’yı İstanbul’dan uzaklaştırmak ve şeyhülislâmın yetkilerini kısıtlamak suretiyle gösterdi. İngiltere Kralı I. James’e cülûs münasebetiyle gönderdiği mektupta ise aslında Osmanlı verasetinin babadan oğula geçtiği, ancak amcasının yaşına hürmeten tercih edildiği, bununla birlikte onun utanç verecek ölçüde ehliyetsiz biri olduğu üzerinde duruyordu (Peirce, s. 134).
Mustafa yeğeninin saltanatı boyunca gözetim altında tutulduğu yerde yaşadı. II. Osman, Hotin seferine çıkarken saltanatı için tehlikeli gördüğü kardeşi Mehmed’i öldürttüğü halde amcasına herhalde aklî durumu sebebiyle dokunmadı. Bir süre sonra bu düşüncesinde yanıldığını anlayınca iş işten geçmişti. Onun tahttan indirilme olayında yeniçeri ve sipahiler Mustafa’yı tahta çıkarmayı kararlaştırdılar. Bu karar, muhtemelen daha önce alınmış olmayıp saray baskını sırasında ansızın beliren bir düşüncenin ürünüdür. Ayrıca aklî melekeleri daha da kötüleşmiş olan eski padişahın tahta çıkarılmasıyla ona her istediklerini yaptırabileceklerini hesaba katmış olmalıdırlar. Âsiler saraya geldiklerinde (8 Receb 1031 / 19 Mayıs 1622) içlerinden biri onun adını anınca yanındakiler de padişahın I. Mustafa olduğunu yüksek sesle duyurarak onu bulmak için harekete geçtiler. Bir iç oğlanından yerini öğrenip oraya gittilerse de kapıyı açamadılar. Bu sırada sürekli adının haykırıldığını duyan Mustafa’nın, “Siz beni isterseniz ben de sizi isterim” diye seslendiği, bunu işiten âsilerin, bulunduğu odanın kubbesine çıkıp kurşunlarını baltalarla kestikleri ve içlerinden üç kişinin açılan bir delikten iplerle içeri sarkıp Mustafa’yı bir minder üzerinde oturur halde beklerken buldukları belirtilir. Olaylara şahit olan Hüseyin Tûgī, II. Osman’ın hal‘i ve Mustafa’nın bu sıradaki durumu hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi verir. Ona göre âsiler, Mustafa’yı çıkardıktan sonra sarayda buldukları Şeyhülislâm Esad Efendi’nin atına bindirerek götürmek istemişler, fakat halsizlikten at üzerinde duramayınca yere indirmek zorunda kalıp Arz Odası’na sevketmişlerdir. Bu arada ulemânın bu işten vazgeçmeleri yolundaki nasihatlerine aldırmamışlar, Mustafa’nın aklî zafiyeti sebebiyle imâmetinin câiz olmayacağını söyleyen Şeyhülislâm Esad Efendi’yi dinlememişler ve tehditle onları yeni padişaha biat ettirmişlerdir. Arz Odası’nda bir yere oturtulan Mustafa’nın perişan vaziyette olduğunu iç giysileri ile bekletildiğini, kimsenin ona bir “ferace” bile vermediğini nakleden Tûgī, daha sonra onun yanındaki câriyeleriyle birlikte hasta taşımakta kullanılan bir arabaya bindirilip Eski Saray’a annesinin bulunduğu yere yollandığını, ilk emrinin ise yeniçeri ağası Ali’nin görevde kalması ve Baba Câfer ile Galata zindanlarındaki mahpusların salıverilmesi olduğunu belirtir. Olaylar sırasında saraydaki ulemâ arasında bulunan Bostanzâde Yahyâ Efendi, Mustafa’nın tahta oturtulduğunu haber alan II. Osman’ın çaresizliğini, nasihatlerini dinletemediğini, kendisinin de güçlükle saraydan çıkabildiğini dile getirir (Vak‘a-i Sultan Osman Han , vr. 28a -33a ).
Mustafa’yı Eski Saray’a nakleden âsiler, II. Osman’ın onu kendisine teslim etmeleri için yolladığı aracılar sebebiyle daha iyi koruma altına alabilmek için yeniçeri ortalarının bulunduğu yerdeki camiye götürdüler. Olayı seyreden Peçuylu İbrâhim bu sırada büyük bir kalabalığın toplandığını, herkesin araba içerisindeki padişahı görmeye çalıştığını, bazılarının başlarındaki sarıklarından, elbiselerinin yenlerinden kopardıkları kumaş parçalarını isteklerinin yerine getirilmesi amacıyla arabaya ulaştırmaya çalıştıklarını, bunları padişahın vâlidesinin topladığını yazar. Perşembe akşamı camiye getirilen Mustafa’nın yanında annesi, câriyeleri ve saraydan çıkarılırken onunla birlikte arabaya binen iç hizmetlilerden Derviş Ağa (daha sonra kendisine yeniçeri ağalığı verildi) bulunuyordu. Âsi elebaşıları onu Topkapı Sarayı’na götürmek istedilerse de Mustafa, II. Osman yanına gelmedikçe buradan ayrılmayacağını söyledi. Bu sırada caminin mihrabına oturtulan ve ikide bir ayağa kalkmaması için yanındaki câriyeleri eteklerini tutmuş bulunan Mustafa, dışarıdan gelen sesleri duydukça pencereye gidiyor ve dışarı bakmak istiyor, annesi türlü sözlerle onu yatıştırmaya çalışıp ellerini parmaklıktan kurtararak tekrar yerine oturtuyordu. Hadiseyi o sırada camide bulunan bir kişiden nakleden Peçuylu camiye getirtilen II. Osman’ın bu durum karşısında askere dönerek, “Bakın görün, kimi sultan ediyorsunuz” diye sitemler ettiğini, ancak o konuştukça Mustafa’nın annesinin yanındaki âsi elebaşılarının kulağına eğilip Osman aleyhine sözler fısıldadığını ifade eder (Târih , II, 386-387). Tûgī ise akşam namazı vaktinde Mustafa’nın ellerini kaldırıp bütün orada bulunanları duaya davet ettiğini, Osman gelmeden buradan ayrılmak istemediğini, ertesi günü Osman’ın camiye getirildiğini, fakat ikisinin birbiriyle buluşmadığını yazarak farklı bir tablo sunar (Musîbetnâme , s. 21-25). Bazı kaynaklarda Mustafa camiden ayrılmadan önce aynı yere getirtilen Osman’ın katli için Kara Dâvud Paşa’nın birkaç defa teşebbüse geçtiği, fakat dışarıdaki askerin tepkisi üzerine buna cesaret edemediği belirtilir. Mustafa’nın annesi, damadı olan Dâvud Paşa’nın sadrazamlığını askere tasdik ettirirken aynı zamanda onların isteklerini de kabul ederek oğlu nâmına birçok vazife tevcihinde bulunmuş ve bunların hükümlerini kendisininki de dahil çavuş Kara Mezak Ahmed Ağa yazmıştı.
9 Receb 1031 (20 Mayıs 1622) Cuma günü öğle vakti Topkapı Sarayı’na getirilen Mustafa için burada resmî biat töreni icra edildi, adına camilerde hutbe okundu. Onun bu ikinci saltanatı tamamıyla II. Osman hadisesinin gölgesi altında kaldı. II. Osman’ın feci âkıbeti hem İstanbul’da hem taşrada yeniçeri ve sipahilere karşı büyük bir nefretin doğmasına yol açtı. Bu durum merkezde birbiri peşi sıra çıkan isyanların ve karışıklıkların başlıca sebebini oluşturdu. Olaylarda I. Mustafa’nın doğrudan hiçbir tasarrufu olmadığı, hatta sadrazam tayinlerinde dahi bir etkisinin bulunmadığı açıktır. Kara Dâvud Paşa ve Mere Hüseyin Paşa gibi sadrazamların iktidar mücadeleleri sırasında sıkça askeri kullanmaları ve bunların çeşitli isteklerle saraya gitmeleri gibi hadiseler, Mustafa’nın tamamen dışında annesinin ve etrafındakilerin aldığı tedbirler veya verdikleri tâvizler vasıtasıyla yatıştırılabiliyordu. Hatta kendi çıkarları için onun saltanatını sağlamlaştırmak isteyen annesinin ve Dâvud Paşa’nın I. Ahmed’in oğulları Murad ve İbrâhim’i katlettirme planlarından da haberdar değildi. Bostanzâde Yahyâ, Dâvud Paşa’nın Şehzade Murad’ı öldürtüp Mustafa’nın rakipsiz olarak tahtta kalmasını sağlamak, o da ölürse saltanatı kendi eline geçirmek niyetinde olduğunu yazar (Vak‘a-i Sultan Osman Han , vr. 41b ). Ancak bu planlar sarayda Dâvud Paşa’nın muhalifleri tarafından önlendi ve karşı hücum olarak II. Osman’ın katillerinin bulunması için kendilerini töhmet altında hisseden yeniçeri ve sipahiler harekete geçirildi. Saraya gelen askere padişahın ağzından yazılmış bir hat okundu, burada muhalefetlerinin sebepleri soruluyordu. Gerek bu hat gerekse daha sonra çeşitli vesilelerle çıkan hatlar padişahın annesi vasıtasıyla yazdırılıyordu. Duruma atıfta bulunan Karaçelebizâde sultanın annesini “pâdişâh-ı ma‘nevî” diye anar (Ravzatü’l-ebrâr , s. 549 vd.).
II. Osman’ın katillerinin bulunması ve cezalandırılması konusundaki baskılar sonucu Dâvud Paşa’nın azli (3 Şâban / 13 Haziran), yerine Mere Hüseyin Paşa’nın getirilmesi ve yeniçeri-sipahi çekişmesi durumun giderek karışmasına yol açtı. Kötü izleri silmek ve yeni padişahın iktidarını perçinlemek için 14 Şâban’da (24 Haziran) Cuma selâmlığına çıkarılan Mustafa’ya son derece gösterişli kıyafetler giydirilerek hânedanın ihtişamı halka gösterilmek istendi. Amaç, basit elbiselerle dışarı çıkan II. Osman’ın bu şekilde davranıp hânedanın itibarını ayak altına aldığının vurgulanması olmalıdır. Bu durumdan devrin kaynaklarında övgüyle söz edilir. Mere Hüseyin Paşa’yı azlettirip Lefkeli Mustafa Paşa’yı vezîriâzamlığa getiren âsiler (28 Şâban / 8 Temmuz) 1 Ramazan’daki (10 Temmuz) divan sırasında padişahın istenmediği şeklindeki söylentileri yaydılar. Saraydan padişah adına çıkan ve 5 Ramazan’da (14 Temmuz) tebliğ edilen hatt-ı hümâyunda kendisinin niçin istenmediği sorulup bütün talepleri yerine getirdiği, eğer istenmiyor idiyse niçin köşesinden çıkarılıp padişah yapıldığı, Osman’ın idamının sebebinin kendileri olduğu ifade edilmekteydi. Bu durum, bir bakıma askerin iktidarın iplerini elinde bulundurduğunun açık bir itirafı niteliği taşıyordu. Tûgī tam bu hadiseler sırasında padişahın velâyetine dair söylentilere yer verir ve Mustafa’nın şahsına karşı duyulan ruhanî hissiyatı ortaya koyar. Ramazan ayının son cumasında Cerrah Mehmed Paşa Camii vâizi İbrâhim Efendi vaazında padişahın bir köşeye çekilerek ağladığını, kimseye bir şey söylemediğini, rüyasında Osman’ı yüksek bir makamda gördüğünü belirterek kendisine dua edilmesini söyleyince herkes padişahın velî olduğuna kanaat getirmişti. Padişahın 1 Şevval (9 Ağustos) bayramlaşma töreni sırasında tahtında oturmayıp ayakta durması dahi Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn’in âdetini ihya ettiği gerekçesiyle övüldü. Bu sıralarda I. Mustafa’nın sık sık dışarıya çıktığı, Eyüp’e, Dâvud Paşa Çiftliği’ne ve Üsküdar’a gittiği, bir süre buralarda kaldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca onun her vesileyle halkın içine çıkarıldığı ve elçi kabullerinde bulunduğu dikkati çeker. Bu arada âsilerin baskısıyla Lefkeli Mustafa Paşa’nın yerine Gürcü Mehmed Paşa sadrazamlığa getirildi (15 Zilkade / 21 Eylül).
Erzurum’da Abaza Mehmed Paşa’nın II. Osman’ın kanını dava ederek çıkardığı isyan yanında “kātil-i sultân” töhmetiyle suçlanmaktan rahatsızlık duyan sipahilerin sebep olduğu karışıklıklar sırasında Osman’ın katillerinin bulunup cezalandırılması yolunda yoğun baskılar başladı. Bu hadiseler sebebiyle, “Ölen şah, öldüren padişahtır” ifadesiyle zımnen padişah suçlanıyordu. Hatta Şeyhülislâm Zekeriyyâzâde Yahyâ Efendi askeri yatıştırmak için idam emrinin padişah tarafından verildiğini söylemiş, bunun üzerine durumun saraydan sorulması kararlaştırılmıştı. Bu hususta çıkan hatt-ı hümâyunda ise Osman’ın katlinden haberdar olunmadığı, Kara Dâvud Paşa’ya da katil için rıza verilmediği belirtilmişti. Bütün suç Dâvud Paşa’ya yüklendi. Sonunda Dâvud Paşa ve diğer elebaşılar yakalanıp idam edildi. Dâvud Paşa idam sırasında bunu padişahın emriyle yaptığını söylemiş ve koynundan emirleri çıkararak göstermiş, orada bulunanların şaşkınlığından istifadeyle kaçırılmış, ancak daha sonra yeniden yakalanıp Yedikule’de öldürülmüştü (6 Rebîülevvel 1032 / 8 Ocak 1623). Ardından Mere Hüseyin Paşa – Gürcü Mehmed Paşa çekişmesi, Mere Hüseyin Paşa’nın ikinci defa sadrazamlığa getirilişi (4 Rebîülâhir / 5 Şubat) ve ulemâ isyanı giderek Mustafa’nın tahtta kalışını zorlaştırdı. Özellikle Fâtih Camii’nde toplanan önde gelen ulemâ burada padişahın aklî zafiyeti sebebiyle imâmetinin câiz olmadığı, hal‘edilmesi gerektiği konusunu tartıştı, valide sultana da bu yolda haberler gönderdi. Asıl hedef kendilerini küçük düşürdüğüne inandıkları Mere Hüseyin Paşa idi. Saraydan burada toplananların derhal dağıtılması kararı çıktı. Mere Hüseyin Paşa camiye bir baskın düzenletti. Ancak toplananlar dağılmış, geride konudan haberdar olmayan ve namaz kılmak için gelmiş kimseler kalmıştı. Kaynaklara göre camiyi basan askerler üçü seyyid, dokuzu talebe on dokuz kişiyi katledip cesetlerini kuyulara attı. Olay bunun üzerine daha da büyüdü. Yeniçeri ve sipahiler Mere’nin azlini sağladılarsa da artık hiçbir kesimin padişahtan bir beklentisi kalmamıştı. Sonunda Mere Hüseyin Paşa’nın yerine tayin edilen Kemankeş Ali Paşa, Şeyhülislâm Yahyâ Efendi ve kazaskerlerle görüşerek padişahın tahttan indirilmesi konusunda mutabakata vardı. Askeri de bahşiş istememek kaydıyla hal‘e razı etti. Ardından padişahın annesine haber yollandı ve durum bildirildi. Hüseyin Tûgī, bu sırada sipahi ve ulemânın padişahın imâmetinin câiz olmadığı, aklında hiffet bulunduğu, çıkan hatları ise padişahın değil Reîsülküttâb Hamza Efendi’nin I. Mustafa’nın hizmetine verdiği Senûber adlı câriyenin yazdığı kanaatinde olduğunu belirterek hal‘ kararı alındığında padişahın imâmetinin câiz olması için kendisine bazı soruların sorulması gerektiği, eğer, “Adın nedir, kimin oğlusun, bugünlerden ne gündür?” gibi sorulara cevap verirse kendisini padişah olarak tanıyacakları, aksi takdirde tahttan indirilmesinin gerekeceği yolunda haber gönderdiklerini yazar. Bu durum karşısında vâlide sultan da hal‘e rıza gösterdi. O sırada annesiyle Dâvud Paşa Çiftliği’nde bulunan Mustafa bir gün önce divan olacağı gerekçesiyle saraya nakledildi ve ertesi günü (15 Zilkade 1032 / 10 Eylül 1623) sabahleyin eskiden mahpus tutulduğu odaya kapatılarak yerine IV. Murad tahta çıkarıldı.
İlk saltanatı doksan altı gün, ikinci saltanatı bir yıl üç ay yirmi iki gün süren I. Mustafa tahttan indirildikten sonra on beş yıl boyunca kapalı tutulduğu odada yaşadı. Bu dönemdeki durumu hakkında herhangi bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Onun 15 Ramazan 1048’de (20 Ocak 1639) vefat ettiği, bunda daha önce aynı anneden olmayan kardeşleri Süleyman ile Bayezid’i öldürten IV. Murad’ın rolü olduğu da rivayet edilir. Mehmed b. Mehmed onun “ecel-i tabîî” ile vefat ettiğini belirtir. Evliya Çelebi cenazesinin bir süre ortada kaldığını, gömülecek yer arandığını, nihayet Ayasofya önündeki bir binaya Hasbahçe’den toprak getirtilmek suretiyle defnedildiğini yazar (Seyahatnâme , I, 354; ayrıca bk. İBRÂHİM TÜRBESİ ).
Kendisini gören Venedik balyosu tarafından, solgun çehreli, seyrek sakallı, iri siyah gözlü donuk bakışlı, nahif vücutlu olarak tarif edilen I. Mustafa’nın aklî zayıflığı daha ilk saltanatı sırasında biliniyordu. Fakat zamanla psikolojik durumu daha da bozuldu. Özellikle II. Osman dönemindeki mahpus hayatı, tahta getiriliş şekli ve Osman’ın feci âkıbeti onu daha da etkilemiş olmalıdır. Bazı Batı kaynaklarında I. Mustafa’nın saray koridorlarında oraya buraya koşarak kapıları çalıp Osman’ın adını haykırdığı ve kendisini saltanat yükünden kurtarması için feryat ettiği belirtilir. Onun deliliğe uzanan ruhî durumu ve hareketleri, halk ve tekke şeyhleri nazarında mânevî bir havaya büründürülerek velîliğine yorulmuştur. Tûgī kendisini çok defa “pâdişâh-ı velî” diye anar, velâyetiyle ilgili fıkralara yer verir. I. Mustafa’nın saltanat dönemini meşrû kılmak amacıyla eserini kaleme aldığı anlaşılan Kilârî Mehmed Efendi de evliyalığından söz eder. Ona atfedilen imlâsı bozuk, iri ve çirkin yazılı hatlar kendisi tarafından değil câriyesi tarafından yazılmış olmalıdır. Bazı Batı kaynaklarında kadınları yatağına yaklaştırmadığı belirtilir. Çocuğu olmamıştır ve herhangi bir hayratı da bulunmamaktadır.
BİBLİYOGRAFYA
TSMA, nr. E. 8394, 8395.
Hüseyin Tûgī, Musîbetname (haz. Nezihi Aykut, doçentlik tezi, 1988), İÜ Ed.Fak., tür.yer.; a.e.: Târîh-i Sultan Osman (Danişmend, Kronoloji2 içinde), VI, 263-327.
Atâî, Zeyl-i Şekāik , s. 622, 677-680.
Hasanbeyzâde Ahmed, Târih (haz. Ş. Nezihi Aykut), Ankara 2004, III, 915-920, 944-979.
Bostanzâde Yahyâ Efendi, Vak‘a-i Sultan Osman Han , TSMK, Revan Köşkü, nr. 1305, vr. 27a -66a ; a.e.: II. Osman’ın Şehadeti (s.nşr. O. Şaik Gökyay, Atsız Armağanı içinde), İstanbul 1976, s. 187-256.
Mehmed b. Mehmed er-Rûmî (Edirneli)’nin Nuhbetü’t-tevârîh ve’l-ahbâr’ı ve Târîh-i Âl-i Osmân’ı (haz. Abdurrahman Sağırlı, doktora tezi, 2000), İÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, II, 16.
Topçular Kâtibi Abdülkadir (Kadrî) Efendi Târihi (haz. Ziya Yılmazer), Ankara 2003, I, 666-670; II, 764-783.
Peçuylu İbrâhim, Târih , II, 360-362, 380-398.
Kâtib Çelebi, Fezleke , I, 385-390; II, 15-38, 211-212.
Solakzâde, Târih , s. 698-699, 712-736.
Karaçelebizâde Abdülaziz Efendi, Ravzatü’l-ebrâr , Bulak 1248, s. 535, 547-555.
Abdurrahman Hibrî, Defter-i Ahbâr , İÜ Ktp., TY, nr. 3648, vr. 20a -24b .
Mehmed Halîfe, Beşâretnâme-i Sultan Mustafa Han , Wien Nationalbibliothek, Mxt. 21, vr. 153b -194a .
Evliya Çelebi, Seyahatnâme , I, 354.
Naîmâ, Târih , II, 154-159, 218-263.
Hammer (Atâ Bey) , VIII, 174-176, 220-264.
Uzunçarşılı, Osmanlı Tarihi , III/1, s. 125, 137-148.
Danişmend, Kronoloji2 , III, 266-272, 305-324.
L. P. Peirce, Harem-i Hümayun: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Hükümranlık ve Kadınlar (trc. Ayşe Berktay), İstanbul 1996, s. 132-134, 245, 310, 330-331.
Gabriel Piterberg, Osmanlı Trajedisi: Tarih Yazımının Tarihle Oyunu (trc. Uygar Abacı), İstanbul 2005, tür.yer.
Münir Aktepe, “Mustafa I.”, İA , VIII, 692-695.
Fikret Sarıcaoğlu, “Hüseyin Paşa, Mere”, DİA , XIX, 8-9.
Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2006 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 31. cildinde, 272-275 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.