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MUSTAFA SABRİ EFENDİ Skip to content (1869-1954)
Osmanlı şeyhülislâmı.
12 Rebîülevvel 1286’da (22 Haziran 1869) Tokat’ta doğdu. Öğrenimine memleketinde başladı. On yaşında hâfızlığı bitirdi, İslâmî ilimlerde Zûniyezâde Ahmed Efendi’den icâzet aldı. Ardından Kayseri’de Divrikli Mehmed Emin Efendi’nin derslerine devam etti. Bir süre sonra İstanbul’a gidip meşîhat-ı İslâmiyye’de ders vekili Gümülcineli Ahmed Âsım Efendi ile Mehmed Âtıf Efendi’nin öğrencisi oldu. Ahmed Âsım Efendi’nin kızı Ulviye Hanım’la evlenip İstanbul’a yerleşti. Genç yaşta ruûs imtihanını kazanarak Fâtih Camii müderrisliğine tayin edildi (1890). 1896 yılında Beşiktaş Âsâriye Camii imamlığına getirildi. İki yıl sonra II. Abdülhamid’in katıldığı huzur derslerine en genç üye sıfatıyla iştirak etti. 1899-1904 yılları arasında Yıldız Sarayı Kütüphanesi’nde “hâfız-ı kütüb” olarak çalıştı, bu sırada Köse Niyazi Efendi’den kıraat ilmi okudu. Medresetü’l-vâizîn’de tefsir, Medresetü’l-mütehassisîn ile Süleymaniye Medresesi’nde hadis müderrisliği yaptı ve Tedkîk-i Müellefât-ı Şer‘iyye’nin kurucuları arasında yer aldı. Cem‘iyyet-i İlmiyye-i İslâmiyye’nin reisliğine seçildi ve bu cemiyetin çıkardığı Beyânülhak adlı dergide başyazar sıfatıyla makaleler yazdı. Bir dönem Silistre müftülüğü yaptı. Peyâm-ı Sabah , İkdam , Yarın ve Alemdar gibi mevkutelerde yazılar kaleme aldı.
II. Meşrutiyet’in ilânının ardından Tokat mebusu olarak Meclis-i Meb‘ûsan’a girdi. Siyasî hayatının başlangıcında İttihat ve Terakkî Cemiyeti’ne ilgi duymakla birlikte kısa bir müddet sonra bu harekete karşı mücadeleye girişti. 1910’da Ahâli Fırkası’nın, 1919’da üçüncü defa teşekkül eden Hürriyet ve İtilâf Fırkası’nın kurucuları arasında yer alıp yöneticilik yaptı. İttihat ve Terakkî hükümetinin teşkilinin ardından Hürriyet ve İtilâf Fırkası’na bağlı olanlar Bâbıâli Baskını’nda tutuklanınca Mustafa Sabri Efendi Mısır’a gitti (1913), oradan Romanya’ya geçti, fakat tutuklanıp İstanbul’a getirildi ve Bilecik’te ikamete mecbur edildi. Bu kararın kaldırılması üzerine İstanbul’a döndü. Ocak 1919’da Tokat mebusu seçildi ve 4 Mart 1919’da kurulan Damad Ferid Paşa hükümetinde şeyhülislâmlık yaptı. 6 Haziran 1919’da Paris Konferansı’na giden Damad Ferid Paşa’nın yerine sadrazamlığa vekâlet etti. Bu sırada Mustafa Kemal’in Sultan Vahdeddin tarafından geniş yetkilerle Anadolu’ya gönderilmesine karşı çıktı. Aynı yıl kabinenin düşmesi üzerine padişah tarafından Âyan Meclisi üyeliğine getirildi. 19 Şubat 1919’da kurulan ve Teâlî-i İslâm Cemiyeti’ne dönüşen Cem‘iyyet-i Müderrisîn’in reisliğini yaptı, burada ikinci başkan olan İskilipli Mehmed Âtıf ve Said Nursi ile birlikte çalıştı. Dârü’l-Hikmeti’l-İslâmiyye’de üye olarak görev aldı. Yeniden teşkil edilen Damad Ferid Paşa kabinesinde tekrar şeyhülislâmlığa getirildi ve Şûrâ-yı Devlet reisliğine vekâlet etti (1920). Sevr Antlaşması’nın şartlarını görüşmek üzere padişah tarafından toplanan Şûrâ-yı Saltanat’a katıldı ve antlaşmanın imzalanmasını savunanlar arasında yer aldı. Ayrıca Anadolu’daki Millî Mücadele hareketine karşı tedbirler alınmasını önerdi ve teklifi kabul edilmeyince görevinden istifa etti (Eylül 1920).
Cumhuriyet’in ilânından sonra oğlu İbrahim’le birlikte 150’likler listesine alındı, tutuklanacağı sırada ailesiyle beraber İskenderiye’ye gitti, oradan Kahire’ye geçti (1922). 6 Şubat 1924’te dersiâmlık maaşı kesildi, 1 Haziran 1924’te vatandaşlıktan çıkarıldı. Mustafa Kemal Paşa’ya ve hükümetine muhalefet edip yurdunu terkettiği için Mısır’da tepkiyle karşılandı, İskenderiye ve Kahire sokaklarında sözlü sataşmalara uğradı ve Mısırlı gazetecilerce alaya alındı. Mısır’ın çeşitli bölgelerinden gönderilen telgraflarda Mısır’dan hemen sınır dışı edilmesi istendi. Bunun üzerine yayımladığı bir makalede Mısır’a göç etmesinin arka planında dinî endişelerinin bulunduğunu söyledi. Hicaz Emîri Şerîf Hüseyin’in daveti üzerine Mekke’ye gidip beş ay kaldıktan sonra ailesi iklim şartlarına intibak edemediğinden Mısır’a döndü. Ancak Mustafa Kemal Paşa ve Cumhuriyet hükümeti aleyhinde yazılar yazdığı için Mısır halkı ve aydınlarının tepkisini çekmeye devam etti. Lübnan’a giderek burada Mısırlılar’ın tenkitlerine cevap veren en-Nekîr ʿalâ münkiri’n-niʿme mine’d-dîn ve’l-ḫilâfe ve’l-ümme adlı kitabını neşretti. Ardından Romanya’ya geçti, burada da rahat edemeyince 1927 Nisanında kayınpederinin memleketi olan Gümülcine’ye gidip beş yıl ikamet etti. Bu sırada oğlu İbrahim Sabri ile birlikte çıkardığı Yarın adlı dergideki yazılarında İslâm dünyasının yöneldiği Batılılaşma hareketini şiddetle eleştirdi. Yunanistan Başbakanı Venizelos’un Ankara’ya gidip hükümetle yaptığı görüşmelerin ardından derginin yayımı durduruldu ve Gümülcine’den Batras’a gönderildi. Burada birkaç ay kaldıktan sonra, bir İslâm ülkesine iltica edebilmek için hükümetleri nezdinde aracılık yapmalarını sağlamak üzere şeyhülislâmlık ve mebusluk döneminden tanıdığı Arap dostlarına mektuplar yazdıysa da olumlu bir cevap alamadı. Atina’ya giderek Mısır büyükelçisinin yardımıyla Kahire’ye geçti (1932). Birkaç yıl sonra ailesiyle birlikte İskenderiye’ye gitti. Burada eşi ölünce Kahire’ye döndü ve uzun müddet kızıyla birlikte kaldı. Bu dönemde yazdığı eserler ve ilmî faaliyetleri ona Mısır’da yeniden itibar sağladı; âlimlerden pek çok dost edindi, evini bir okul haline getirdi. Mısır Evkaf Vezirliği bünyesinde kurulan Lecnetü’n-nühûz üyeliğine seçildi. el-Ḳavlü’l-faṣl adlı eserini yayımlayınca onun Kahire’de yaşadığını öğrenen Mısır veliahdı kendisini sarayına davet edip iltifatta bulundu. el-Ehrâm , el-Aḫbâr , Minberü’ş-şarḳ , el-Fetḥ , el-Hidâyetü’l-İslâmiyye , el-Câmiʿatü’z-Zeytûniyye gibi gazete ve dergilerde yazılar yazdı. Batılılaşma’nın etkisinde kalıp İslâm dinini Batı düşüncesi ve değerlerine göre yorumlayan Kāsım Emîn, Muhammed Ferîd Vecdî, Muhammed Mustafa el-Merâgī, Muhammed Hüseyin Heykel, Ali Abdürrâzık gibi Mısırlı aydınların görüşlerini şiddetle eleştirdi. Devrin Arap tarihçilerinden Muhammed Abdullah İnân’ın Osmanlı Türkleri aleyhindeki asılsız iddialarına cevap vererek ileri sürdüğü tezleri çürüttü. Hıristiyanlık’ta olduğunun aksine İslâm’ın bilimle çatışmadığı fikrini ve kadınların belli şartlara göre örtünmesinin dinî yükümlülük olduğunu ısrarla savundu. 12 Mart 1954 tarihinde Kahire’de vefat etti; ölümüne basında geniş yer verildi. Cenazesine ilim ve siyaset adamlarının yanı sıra büyük bir kalabalık iştirak etti ve Abbâsiye’ye defnedildi.
Osmanlı Devleti’nin sona erişini üst düzeyde görevli bir kişi olarak idrak eden ve Batı medeniyeti karşısında İslâm medeniyetinin yıkılışını engellemek için gayret gösteren Mustafa Sabri Efendi hayatını bu düşüncesini gerçekleştirmeye yönelik ilmî, fikrî ve siyasî mücadelelerle geçirmiştir. Bu amacı doğrultusunda müslümanlar arasında tartışma konusu olan problemlerin çözümüne katkı sağlamak için eserler yazmış, siyasî faaliyetlere girişmiş, İslâm dünyasında hâkim olan siyasî düzenleri tahlil ve tenkit etmiş, yahudilerle mason localarının tehlikeli sonuçlar doğuran faaliyetlerine dikkat çekmiştir. Siyasî görüş ve tavırları itibariyle Millî Mücadele hareketinin karşısında yer almakla (krş. Sarıkoyuncu, XIII/39 [1997], s. 788-802) isabetsiz bir yol izlemiştir.
Dinî-Felsefî Görüşleri. Mustafa Sabri Efendi kendi döneminde yaygın olan pozitivist, materyalist ve ateist akımların etkisiyle daha çok kelâm ve usûlü’d-dîn konuları üzerinde durmuştur. Dikkat çeken görüşleri şöylece özetlenebilir: Allah’ın varlığını ispatlayan en önemli delil Kur’an’da da sık sık işaret edilen gaye ve nizam delilidir. Evren hakkındaki bilimsel buluşlar bu delili beslemiş ve daha güçlü hale getirmiştir. Bunun yanında evrenin yaratılmış olduğunu vurgulayan hudûs ve imkân delilleri de rasyonel açıdan hâlâ geçerlidir. Kant’ın iddiasının aksine Allah’ın varlığı rasyonel bilgilerle kanıtlanabilir (Mevḳıfü’l-ʿaḳl , II, 343-386). Bilinebilen varlıklar içinde sadece insanın irade sahibi olması maddeci ve tabiatçı felsefelerin temelsizliğini gösterir (a.g.e. , III, 63). Maddecilerin bilgiyi gözlem ve deneye münhasır kılıp aklî istidlâli reddetmeleri doğrulanabilir temelden yoksundur; aksi takdirde mantık, felsefe ve matematik gibi rasyonel bilgiye dayanan disiplinleri de reddetmek gerekir. Maddecilerin, inkâr düşüncesini Allah’ı duyularla algılamanın imkânsızlığına dayandırmaları da mantıkî bir temele oturmaz. Çünkü duyularla algılanmamak var olmama sonucunu gerektirmez. Allah’ın varlığı aleyhinde delil diye ileri sürülen evrim teorisi zan ve tahminlere dayanır (a.g.e. , II, 77-78, 276, 301-302). Ayrıca evrenin ezelî olmadığı ve maddede yaratma gücünün bulunmadığı yolunda ulaşılan yeni bilimsel bilgiler de maddeciliğin temelsizliğini kanıtlar mahiyettedir. Tabiatçılar, evrenin yaratıcısı ve yöneticisinin yerine şuursuz tabiatı koymakla ondaki planlı ve amaçlı düzenlenmeyi ve fâil illetin eserlerini ortadan kaldıramamıştır. Vahdet-i vücûd telakkisi, “varlığı zorunlu olmayan kâinatı varlığı zorunlu olan Allah’a nisbetle yok hükmünde kabul etmek” şeklinde anlaşıldığı takdirde benimsenebilir, Allah-âlem ve Allah-insan ayırımını ortadan kaldıran anlayışlar ise kişiyi küfre götürür (Mevḳıfü’l-beşer , s. 233). İnsanların sorumluluk doğuran fiilleri Allah’ın hükmü, iradesi ve yaratmasıyla meydana gelir. İlke olarak Allah’ın irade ettiği fiilleri kişinin istememesi ve yapmaması mümkün değildir. Bu bakımdan insan icbar altındadır. Zira insan pratikte istediğini yaparsa da bu yaptığı fiil Allah’ın dilediğinden başka bir şey değildir. Kul mecburdur, fakat mâzur değildir. Mâzur olmaması fiillerini pratikte iradesiyle yapmasından, mecbur olması ise Allah’ın kendisi hakkında dilediğinin dışına çıkamamasından dolayıdır. Mustafa Sabri Efendi, kazâ ve kader probleminin özünü teşkil eden “ef‘âl-i ibâd” meselesinde gerçeğe en yakın görüşün Eş‘ariyye’ye ait yorum olduğunu savunur ki bunu “cebirle birlikte tefvîz” şeklinde özetlemek mümkündür (a.g.e. , s. 38-51).
Nübüvvet inancını ulûhiyyete ve uhrevî sorumluluğa iman etmenin bir gereği olarak gören Mustafa Sabri Efendi, Allah’a ve âhirete inanan Batılı teist filozofların peygamberliğe olan ihtiyacı görememelerini şaşırtıcı bulur (el-Ḳavlü’l-faṣl , s. 14, 154-159); onların nübüvveti felsefî bir problem saymamalarının Hz. Îsâ’nın tanrılaştırılması inancından kaynaklanmış olabileceğini düşünür. Ona göre Ferîd Vecdî, Muhammed Abduh, Reşîd Rızâ, Muhammed Mustafa el-Merâgī, Mahmûd Şeltût, Muhammed Hüseyin Heykel, Abbas Mahmûd el-Akkād gibi yeni akılcılık okulu mensuplarına ait olup peygamberin dâhiliğine vurgu yapan nübüvvet yorumu nübüvveti ilâhî elçilik bağlamından çıkarıp insanî düzeye indirir (Mevḳıfü’l-ʿaḳl , I, 29-30). Bunlardan bazılarının peygamberlerin gösterdiği hissî mûcizeleri inkâr etmeleri Allah’ın irade ve kudretine olan imanı zedeleyici bir nitelik taşır; zira bu, evreni belli bir düzende yaratıp onun varlığını devam ettiren Allah’ın bu düzeni değiştiremeyeceği anlamına gelir. Ayrıca bu mûcizelere Kur’an’da ve sahih hadislerde açıkça yer verilmiştir (el-Ḳavlü’l-faṣl , s. 20-21, 90-98). Peygamber’in getirdiği dünyevî ilkeler insanlar arası münasebetlerin ana kaynağını teşkil eder. Bunların bir kısmını hukukun dışına itmek dinin ruhuyla bağdaşmaz (Mevḳıfü’l-ʿaḳl , IV, 161-162, 281-291). Mustafa Sabri, dinî hayatı bayramlara indirgeyen bir anlayışın ortaya çıkmasından yakınarak hıristiyanları taklit etmekten kaynaklandığını düşündüğü bu yaklaşımın dinin içini boşaltmak anlamına geldiğini belirtir.
Roma hukukunun başlangıçta İslâm hukukuna kaynaklık yaptığına ilişkin iddialar gerçeğe aykırıdır ve her iki hukuk sisteminin farklılıkları bunun açık delilidir (a.g.e. , IV, 304-305). İslâmî açıdan kadının örtünmesinin gerekmediğini iddia etmek bu konudaki açık emir ve hükümleri reddetmek demektir. Kāsım Emîn gibi bazı yazarların ileri sürdüğü iddianın aksine örtünmenin bilgisizlikle alâkası olmadığı gibi örtünme İslâmî bir emir olup başka kültürlerden intikal etmiş bir yaşama tarzı değildir (a.g.e. , I, 283-291, 487-488).
Mustafa Sabri Efendi, Batılılaşma hareketine karşı İslâmî inanç ve değerleri savunan çağdaş İslâm düşünürleri arasında yer alır. Özellikle Immanuel Kant’ın rasyonel bilgiyi teolojik alandan dışlamasını eleştirmesi, evrim teorisinin gözlem ve deneye dayanmadığını vurgulaması ve inanç konularının bilimsel bilgilerle temellendirilme yönteminin yanlışlığını belirtmesi dikkat çekicidir. Bununla birlikte muhtemelen çok değişken ve sıkıntılı hayat mücadelesinin de etkisiyle kader konusunda yetiştiği kültürün aksine cebre yaklaşan bir telakkiyi benimsemiş, sert tabiatı ve başlangıçtaki siyasî faaliyetlerinin sevkiyle muhaliflerini eleştirirken yer yer aşırılığa kaçmış ve bazan haksız suçlamalarda bulunarak yanlış sonuçlara varmıştır.
Eserleri. 1. Yeni İslâm Müctehidlerinin Kıymet-i İlmiyyesi . Mûsâ Cârullah Bigi’nin cehennem azabının ebedî olmadığını savunan Rahmet-i İlâhiyye Burhanları adlı eserine reddiyedir (İstanbul 1335; nşr. Sibel Dericioğlu, İstanbul 1998). Ömer H. Özalp her iki eseri ve Mûsâ Cârullah’ın İnsanların Akîde-i İlâhiyelerine Bir Nazar adlı küçük çalışmasını sadeleştirerek birlikte yayımlamıştır (İstanbul 1996).
2. Dinî Müceddidler yahut Türkiye İçin Necat ve İ‘tilâ Yollarında Bir Rehber . “Yeni müslümanlar” adını alan Haşim Nahit ve arkadaşlarının İslâm’da reform yapılması gerektiğine dair görüşlerine karşı yazılmıştır (İstanbul 1341, 1969, 1987, 1994).
3. en-Nekîr ʿalâ münkiri’n-niʿme mine’d-dîn ve’l-ḫilâfe ve’l-ümme . Çağdaş İslâm siyaset düşüncesi ve hilâfet-siyaset ilişkisiyle ilgili konuları ihtiva eder (Beyrut 1924). Mustafa Hilmi’nin Mustafa Sabri Efendi’nin siyasî görüşlerini inceleyen el-Esrârü’l-ḫafiyye verâʾe ilġāʾi’l-ḫilâfeti’l-ʿOs̱mâniyye adlı kitabın içinde de yayımlanan eser (İskenderiyye 1989) Oktay Yılmaz tarafından Hilâfetin İlgasının Arka Planı adıyla Türkçe’ye çevrilmiştir (İstanbul 1996).
4. Mesʾeletü tercemeti’l-Ḳurʾân . Namazda Kur’an’ın Türkçe meâlinin okunması teşebbüslerini savunanlara karşı bir reddiye olan eseri (Kahire 1932) Süleyman Çelik Kur’an Tercümesi Meselesi adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirmiştir (İstanbul 1993).
5. Mevḳıfü’l-beşer taḥte sulṭâni’l-ḳader . Kader ve irade hürriyetine ilişkin görüşlerin tartışıldığı eserde insanın irade açısından icbar altında bulunduğu ileri sürülür (Kahire 1352). Eseri İsa Doğan İnsan ve Kader adıyla tercüme etmiştir (İstanbul 1989).
6. el-Ḳavlü’l-faṣl beyne’lleẕîne yüʾminûne bi’l-ġayb ve’lleẕîne lâ yüʾminûn . Mevḳıfü’l-ʿaḳl adlı hacimli eserinin özeti mahiyetinde olup pozitivizmin yayılmasından sonra İslâm dünyasında nübüvvet, hissî mûcizeler, kıyamet alâmetleri ve âhiret konularında yapılan yanlış yorumların eleştirisini kapsar (Kahire 1361, 1407/1986).
7. Mevḳıfü’l-ʿaḳl ve’l-ʿilm ve’l-ʿâlem . Usûlü’d-dîne dairdir. Allah’ın varlığına ilişkin deliller, vahdet-i vücûd, bilim-din ve bilim-akıl münasebeti, nübüvvet ve âhiret inancının delilleri, İslâm’a göre din-siyaset ilişkisi gibi konuları içerir (I-IV, Kahire 1369; Beyrut 1981). Eserin, müellifin oğlu İbrahim Sabri tarafından yapılan Türkçe tercümesi henüz yayımlanmamıştır.
Mustafa Sabri’nin çeşitli dergi ve gazetelerde neşredilen çok sayıdaki makalesinden bir kısmı derlenerek kitap haline getirilmiştir.
1. İslâm’da İmâmet-i Kübrâ . Hilâfet ve siyaset konularında Yarın gazetesinde çıkan bir dizi yazıdan oluşmuştur. Eserde Ali Abdürrâzık’ın yazdığı, Ömer Rıza Doğrul’un İslâmiyet ve Hükümet adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirdiği (İstanbul 1927) el-İslâm ve uṣûlü’l-ḥükm (Kahire 1925) adlı kitaptaki görüşler eleştirilmektedir.
2. Savm-ı Ramazân . Yarın gazetesinde tefrika edilmiş olup oruç tutmak yerine fidye verilmesini öneren Süleyman Nazif’e reddiyedir (Gümülcine 1927-1928).
3. Dîn-i İslâm’da Hedef-i Münâkaşa Olan Mesâil . Müellifin Beyânülhak dergisinde yayımlanan sosyal ve ekonomik içerikli dinî makalelerinin bir araya getirilmesinden ibarettir. Osman Nuri Gürsoy tarafından sadeleştirilerek İslâm’da Münakaşaya Hedef Olan Meseleler adıyla neşredilmiştir (İstanbul 1974).
4. Ḳavlî fi’l-merʾe ve muḳārenetüh bi-aḳvâli muḳallideti’l-ġarb . el-Fetḥ dergisinde çıkan müellifin bir dizi makalesinin derlenmesinden oluşmuştur (Beyrut 1410/1990). Eserde, İslâm dininin kadınların örtünmesi ve evlilikleriyle ilgili hükümleriyle Batı kültürünün kadınlara dair anlayışının birbirine uymadığı tezi savunulur. Mustafa Yılmaz kitabı Kadınla İlgili Görüşüm ve Bu Görüşün Batı Taklitçisi Sözlerle Karşılaştırılması adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirmiştir (Konya 1994).
Mustafa Sabri Efendi’nin hayatı, siyasî faaliyetleri ve dinî görüşleri Müfrih Süleyman el-Kavsî tarafından araştırma konusu yapılmış ve eş-Şeyḫ Muṣṭafâ Ṣabrî ve mevḳıfüh mine’l-fikri’l-vâfid adlı hacimli bir eser hazırlanmıştır (Riyad 1418/1997). Ayrıca Mehmet Melih Yılmaz’ın Mustafa Sabri’nin Kadına Bakışının Kur’an Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi adlı çalışması (1998, yüksek lisans tezi, AÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü), Ali Sarıkoyuncu’nun, “Şeyhülislam Mustafa Sabri’nin Milli Mücadele ve Atatürk İnkılâpları Karşıtı Tutum ve Davranışları” adlı makalesi (bk. bibl.) ve Mehmet Aksoy’un Beyânü’l-Hak ve Mustafa Sabri isimli araştırması (Ankara 1989) mevcuttur. Bu yazılarda Millî Mücadele hareketine karşı takındığı tavır ve tutumlarından ötürü şiddetle eleştirilmiştir.
BİBLİYOGRAFYA
Mustafa Sabri Efendi, Mevḳıfü’l-ʿaḳl ve’l-ʿilm ve’l-ʿâlem , Kahire 1369/1950, I, 2, 23, 29-30, 51-52, 82, 98-102, 283-291, 468-473, 475-488; II, 77-78, 205-272, 276, 301-302, 343-386; III, 63; IV, 161-162, 281-291, 304-305, 429.
a.mlf., en-Nekîr ʿalâ münkiri’n-niʿme , Beyrut 1324, s. 11-25, 98, 111-122, 166, 168, 172-179, 183-184.
a.mlf., Ḳavlî fi’l-merʾe , Beyrut 1990, s. 25-28, 53-68.
a.mlf., Mevḳıfü’l-beşer taḥte sulṭâni’l-ḳader , Kahire 1352, s. 38-51, 233.
a.mlf., el-Ḳavlü’l-faṣl , Kahire 1361, s. 14, 20-21, 90-98, 154-159.
Ebül‘ulâ Mardin, Huzur Dersleri (nşr. İsmet Sungurbey), İstanbul 1966, II-III, 350-352.
Abdülkadir Altunsu, Osmanlı Şeyhülislâmları , Ankara 1972, s. 254-264.
Sadık Albayrak, Son Devir Osmanlı Uleması , İstanbul 1981, IV, 251.
Enver el-Cündî, Aʿlâmü’l-ḳarni’r-râbiʿ ʿaşer el-hicrî , Kahire 1981, s. 245-267.
M. M. Hüseyin, el-İtticâhâtü’l-vaṭaniyye fi’l-edebi’l-muʿâṣır , Beyrut 1407/1986, II, 74-84.
İsmail Kara, Türkiye’de İslâmcılık Düşüncesi , İstanbul 1987, II, 261-293.
Mustafa Hilmî, el-Esrârü’l-ḫafiyye verâʾe ilġāʾi’l-ḫilâfeti’l-ʿOs̱mâniyye , İskenderiye 1409/1989, s. 21-110.
Muhammed Harb, el-ʿOs̱mâniyyûn fi’t-târîḫ ve’l-ḥaḍâre , Dımaşk 1989, s. 289-308.
Orhan Koloğlu, Türk Çağdaşlaşması , İstanbul 1995, s. 250-258.
Müfrih b. Süleyman el-Kavsî, eş-Şeyḫ Musṭafâ Ṣabrî ve mevḳıfüh mine’l-fikri’l-vâfid , Riyad 1418/1997, s. 63-132, 323-478, 599-620.
Sina Akşin, İstanbul Hükümetleri ve Millî Mücadele , Ankara 1998, I, 374-376, 436-438.
Ahmet Akbulut, “Şeyhülislâm Mustafa Sabri ve Görüşleri”, İslâmî Araştırmalar , VI/1, Ankara 1992, s. 32-43.
Ali Sarıkoyuncu, “Şeyhülislam Mustafa Sabri’nin Milli Mücadele ve Atatürk İnkılâpları Karşıtı Tutum ve Davranışları”, Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi , XIII/39, Ankara 1997, s. 787-812.
Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2006 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 31. cildinde, 350-353 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.