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NAMAZGÂH Skip to content Açık havada namaz kılmaya mahsus yer.
1/2 Müellif: NEBİ BOZKURT Bölüme Git
Farsça namazgâh ve Arapça karşılığı olan musallâ kelimeleri genelde namaz kılınan her yeri ifade eder. Fıkıh terimi olarak yerleşim merkezlerinin dışı…
2/2 Müellif: YAVUZ TİRYAKİ Bölüme Git
MİMARİ. İslâm’ın ilk döneminde genişçe bir alandan oluşan namazgâhlara dört halife devrinden sonra mihrap ve minber eklenmiştir. Arabistan, Suriye ve …
Farsça namazgâh ve Arapça karşılığı olan musallâ kelimeleri genelde namaz kılınan her yeri ifade eder. Fıkıh terimi olarak yerleşim merkezlerinin dışında bayram, yağmur duası (istiskā) ve cenaze namazlarının kılındığı belirli yerler için kullanılır. Arapça’da buna ayrıca cebbâne (sahra), Farsça’da ıydgâh da (bayram yeri) denir. “İbrâhim’in makamından musallâ edinin” âyetinde (el-Bakara 2/125) kelime “imamın namazda duracağı yer” anlamında geçer. Hadislerde hem kişinin durup namaz kıldığı (Buhârî, “Ṣalât”, 46; Müslim, “Mesâcid”, 287) hem daha sonra terimleşen anlamıyla bayram namazının kılındığı (Buhârî, “ʿÎdeyn”, 22) yeri ifade eder. Türkçe’de namazgâh, bayram gibi belli zamanlarda namaz kılınan musallâlar yanında yol kenarlarında yolcular için yapılan üstü açık mescidler için de kullanılmıştır. İslâm tarihindeki ilk mescidlerin çoğu bu tarzda inşa edilmiştir. Hz. Peygamber’in Kubâ’da yaptığı ilk mescid ve cuma namazı kılınan Rânûnâ vadisindeki Benî Sâlim Mescidi de (Mescid-i Âtike) böyleydi. Resûlullah uzun bir sefere çıktığında dinlendiği yerlerde tesbit edilen uygun bir alan temizlenir, etrafına taşlar dizilerek sınırları belirlenir ve burası namazgâh edinilirdi. Resûl-i Ekrem’in Tebük Gazvesi esnasında on beş kadar yerde böyle açık mescidler yapılmıştır (Vâkıdî, III, 999; İbn Hişâm, IV, 179). Hz. Peygamber Mekke yolunda da çeşitli yerlerde namazgâhlar edinmiştir (Buhârî, “Ṣalât”, 49). Bu gelenek daha sonraki dönemlerde de devam etmiş, namazgâhlar zaman zaman ordunun konakladığı yerler olmuştur.
Resûl-i Ekrem, Mescid-i Nebevî’nin Mescid-i Harâm’dan sonra en faziletli mescid olduğunu belirtmesine rağmen daha fazla cemaatin katılabilmesi için bayram ve cenaze namazlarında ve yağmur duasında musallâya çıkardı. Bayram musallâsı Medine’nin üç vadisinden biri olan Buthân’da olup Mescid-i Nebevî’ye yaklaşık 500 m. mesafedeydi. Resûlullah, ramazan ve kurban bayramı günlerinde sabah namazını Mescid-i Nebevî’de kılar, ardından tekbirlerle musallâya giderdi. Kendisine Necâşî tarafından hediye edilen bir asâ veya mızrak (aneze) birlikte götürülür ve bayram namazı kıldıracağı yerin önüne sütre olarak dikilirdi. Kurban bayramında namazın ardından musallâ yakınında kurban keser ve daha sonra ayrı bir yoldan geri dönerdi. Rivayetlerden, musallânın ibadet edilen bir mekân olması yanında kadın erkek, küçük büyük herkesin katılımıyla bayramın kutlandığı bir yer olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu musallâ bayram namazları dışında yağmur duası için de kullanılmıştır. Cenaze namazı kılınan musallânın burası mı yoksa Bakīu’l-garkad’da ayrı bir musallâ mı olduğu konusunda ihtilâf edilmiştir (İbn Hacer, III, 187, 199). Hz. Peygamber, Necâşî’nin vefatında kıldırdığı gıyabî cenaze namazına iştirakin fazla olmasını arzu ettiğinden Buthân’daki bayram musallâsını tercih etmiş olabilir. Cenaze namazları için bayram musallâlarının tercih edilmesine daha sonraki dönemlerde de rastlanır (İbn Kesîr, XIV, 214). Bununla birlikte mezarlıklarda ayrı musallâların yapımı devam etmiştir.
Medine namazgâhında Resûlullah’ın sağlığında ve Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn döneminde mihrap ve minber yoktu. Sadece yağmur duası için Hz. Peygamber’in minberinin bir defa getirilip geri götürüldüğü bilinmektedir (Ebû Dâvûd, “İstisḳāʾ”, 2). Hz. Osman’ın hutbeyi kerpiçten yapılmış bir minber üzerinde okuduğuna dair bir rivayet nakledilirse de (İbn Hacer, II, 449) dâimî minberin ilk defa Mervân b. Hakem’in Medine valiliği döneminde Kesîr b. Salt tarafından yapıldığı şeklindeki rivayet daha sahihtir (Buhârî, “ʿÎdeyn”, 6; Müslim, “ʿÎdeyn”, 9). Sahâbeden Ebû Saîd el-Hudrî bunu bid‘at sayıp itiraz etmiş, Mervân ise sesini duyurabilmek için daha yüksek bir yere ihtiyaç olduğunu söylemiştir (İbnü’l-Hâc el-Abderî, II, 286). Medine musallâsının yerine Gamâme Mescidi inşa edilmiştir.
Daha sonraki dönemlerde şehirlerde ve yeni kurulan yerlerde bayram namazları için kıble kısmında taştan sabit mihrap ve minber bulunan geniş namazgâhlar yapılmıştır. Zengîler devrine ait Musul musallâsı böyle idi. Bu musallânın ön kısmına iki revakla ahşap bir minber daha eklenmiş ve imam-hatip tayin edilmiştir (İbn Kesîr, XIII, 63). Medine’de ve burada olduğu gibi bazı musallâlar zamanla dâimî namaz kılınan mescide dönüştürülebiliyordu. Şehir idare merkezi ise halife veya sultan, merkez değilse valiler ve idareciler bayramlarda merasimle musallâya giderdi. Şehrin gelişmesiyle musallâların yerleri değişiyordu. Bağdat’ta yeni bir musallâ yapılınca eskisi Musallâtü’l-atîk diye anılmıştır.
Fıkhî tanımları bakımından mescid (cami) daha geniş, musallâ daha dar bir anlama sahiptir; her musallâ aynı zamanda bir mescid olsa da her mescid musallâ değildir. Fıkhî hükümleri açısından mescid ile musallâ arasında bazı farklılıklar görülmektedir. Hanefîler’e göre cünüp veya hayızlı kimselerin mescide girmesi, Şâfiîler’e göre ise mescidde kalması haramdır; ancak bunların bayram veya cenaze namazlarının kılındığı musallâlara girmesinde bir sakınca yoktur. Çünkü bu yerlerin etrafı korunaklı olmayıp yolcular konaklamakta ve toplanma yeri olarak da kullanılmaktadır. Hanbelîler’e göre ise tam namaz sayılmayan cenaze namazının kılındığı musallâda hüküm böyle olmakla birlikte bayram musallâsı bu konuda mescid gibidir.
Hanefî ve Hanbelî mezheplerinde yağmur vb. bir engel bulunmadıkça bayram namazlarını musallâda kılmak sünnettir. Mâlikîler bunu mendup saymış, Şâfiîler ise mescidin dar olması halinde musallâya çıkmanın sünnet, aksi takdirde mescidde kılmanın daha faziletli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Ancak Hanbelîler’le Mâlikîler, Mekke’yi bu hükmün dışında tutarak Kâbe sebebiyle Mescid-i Harâm’da kılmayı sünnet kabul etmiştir. Yeme içme, yüksek sesle konuşma, uyuma, alışveriş vb. mescidlerde hoş karşılanmasa da bunların musallâda bir sakıncası bulunmamaktadır. İtikâf ve tahiyyetü’l-mescid konusunda da musallâ mescid hükmünde değildir.
BİBLİYOGRAFYA Müsned, II, 109, 438, 439, 529; Buhârî, “Ṣalât”, 46, 49, 90, 91, “ʿÎdeyn”, 6, 14, 15, 16, 18, 22, “İstisḳāʾ”, 20, “Cenâʾiz”, 60; Müslim, “Mesâcid”, 287, “ʿÎdeyn”, 1, 2, 9, 10, 12, “İstisḳāʾ”, 1, 2, 3; Ebû Dâvûd, “İstisḳāʾ”, 2; a.mlf., el-Merâsil, Kahire 1310, s. 4; Şâfiî, el-Üm (nşr. Ali Muhammed v.dğr.), Beyrut 1422/2001, II, 53-54, 88, 89; Vâkıdî, el-Meġāzî, III, 999; İbn Hişâm, es-Sîre, IV, 179; İbn Şebbe, Târîḫu’l-Medîneti’l-münevvere, I, 68, 136, 137, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143-145; Belâzürî, Ensâb, I, 273; Taberî, Târîḫ (Ebü’l-Fazl), X, 31; Nerşahî, Târîḫ-i Buḫârâ (trc. Ebû Nasr Ahmed el-Kubavî), Tahran 1363, s. 67 vd., 71, 72; Şîrâzî, el-Müheẕẕeb, I, 125; Nevevî, Şerḥu Müslim, XI, 194; İbnü’l-Hâc el-Abderî, el-Medḫal, Kahire 1401/1981, II, 283, 284, 286, 287; İbn Kudâme, el-Muġnî (nşr. Abdullah b. Abdülmuhsin et-Türkî – Abdülfettâh M. el-Hulv), Kahire 1407/1987, III, 260 vd.; İbn Kesîr, el-Bidâye ve’n-nihâye (nşr. Ahmed Ebû Müslim v.dğr.), Beyrut 1407/1987, XIII, 63; XIV, 48, 214; İbn Hacer, Fetḥu’l-bârî (nşr. M. Fuâd Abdülbâkī – Muhibbüddin el-Hatîb), Beyrut 1379, II, 448, 449, 450, 472, 473; III, 187, 199; Buhûtî, Keşşâfü’l-ḳınâʿ, II, 52-53; Elmalılı, Hak Dini, I, 488; Ahmed Abdülmecîd Herîdî, Fihristü Ḫıṭaṭi Mıṣr, Kahire 1984, III, 349; Uğur Tanyeli, “Musalla, İdgâh, Namazgâh: Tanımsız Bir Mimarî Olgu”, Üçüncü Uluslararası Türk Kültürü Kongresi Bildirileri, Ankara 1999, I, 232 vd.; Mustafa Özdamar, “Namazgâhlar”, VD, XX (1988), s. 221 vd.; J. Pedersen, “Mescid”, İA, VIII, 14; A. J. Wensinck, “Muṣallā”, EI2 (İng.), VII, 658 vd.; J. Burton-Page, “Namazgāh”, a.e., VII, 947; “Mescid”, Mv.F, XXXVII, 194, 215-217; “Muṣallâ”, a.e., XXXVIII, 29-31; Dihhudâ, Luġatnâme (Muîn), XIII, 20103.
Maddenin bu bölümü TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2006 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 32. cildinde, 357-358 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.
MİMARİ. İslâm’ın ilk döneminde genişçe bir alandan oluşan namazgâhlara dört halife devrinden sonra mihrap ve minber eklenmiştir. Arabistan, Suriye ve Mısır’dan Fas’a kadar bütün Kuzey Afrika’da bu şekilde namazgâhlar yapılmış, kaynaklardan varlıkları öğrenilen erken tarihli namazgâhlar zamanla ortadan kalkmıştır. İran coğrafyasında namazgâhlar mihraplı bir duvar ve bunun önünde yüksekçe eyvanlı bir yapı olarak inşa edilmiştir. Bu mimari gelenek Osmanlı toprakları içinde benimsenmemiş, bunun yerine mihraplı-minberli ordugâh tipi namazgâhlar tercih edilmiştir. Türkçe’de “musallâ” kelimesi cenaze namazının kılındığı, sandukanın üzerine konulduğu taş bir masa (musallâ taşı) ve bu masanın yanında bir kıble taşından (mihrap taşı) ibaret bir mâna kazanmıştır. Genellikle hazîre ve mezarlık alanlarının girişinde, tekke gibi dinî yapıların avlusunda bu düzenleme görülür. Mihraplı-minberli namazgâhların önemli bir bölümü mezarlık alanının hemen yanında bulunduğundan bazan “musallâ namazgâhı” olarak da adlandırılmıştır. Namazgâh ve musallânın yanında “secdegâh” kelimesi de birkaç yapıda kullanılmıştır. Kudüs’teki örneklere “mastaba” (seki), üzeri kubbeli olanlarına ise “kubbe” adı verilmektedir.
Birer açık hava camisi durumundaki namazgâhlar genellikle abdest almak için bir çeşme veya kuyu ile birlikte yapılırdı. Seyahat esnasında yolcuların dinlenme ve ibadet ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için menzillerde inşa edilen namazgâhlar asıl zeminden bir ya da birkaç basamak seki ile belirtilir, bu alan bazan sütre görevi yapan bir duvar veya benzeri bir yardımcıyla çevrelenir, kıble yönüne de bir mihrap taşı ilâve edilirdi. Çoğunlukla mihrap taşı üzerine, “Küllemâ dehale aleyhâ Zekeriyye’l-mihrâb” yahut “el-mihrâb”, bazan da “Sâhibü’l-hayrât … rûhu için Fâtiha” ibaresi yazılır, bazan da vakfiye yazısı eklenirdi.
Bir çeşmenin arka yüzüne mihrap ilâvesiyle namazgâha dönüştürülmüş, zemini taş döşeli, bazan etrafı yüksek olmayan bir duvarla çevrili örneklere menzillerde sıkça rastlanmaktadır. Edirne’den İstanbul’a ya da Üsküdar’dan Gebze’ye gidişte bu tipte yapılan namazgâh örneklerinin pek çoğu halen ayaktadır. Genellikle kervan yollarında ve mesire yerlerinde görülen bu namazgâhlar birkaç kişinin namaz kılmasına imkân veriyordu. Ordugâh namazgâhları olarak da adlandırılabilecek, büyük kitlelerin namaz kılmasına imkân sağlayan mihraplı ve minberli namazgâhların dışında bayram, cuma, teravih ve cenaze namazları için inşa edilen namazgâhlar da vardır. Kültür tarihinde önemli bir konuma sahip bulunan namazgâhlar bugün işlevsel niteliklerini kaybetmekle birlikte birçoğu ayakta kalmayı başarmıştır.
Türkiye’deki namazgâhları dört grupta değerlendirmek mümkündür. 1. Mihraplı-minberli namazgâhlar. Genellikle şehir surlarının veya yerleşimin hemen dışına ya da büyük meydanlara, çok defa da yüksekçe bir tepeye inşa edilmiştir. Bunlar bayram, cuma ve teravih namazlarının kılınabileceği ordugâh tipinde büyük ölçekli namazgâhlardır. Çoğunlukla zeminleri topraktan bir veya birkaç seki ile yükseltilmiş, taş yahut tuğla döşeli, bazan da sıkıştırılmış toprak ya da çimen zeminli, etrafı duvarlarla tecrit edilmiş, kıble yönü daha geniş bir duvarla belirlenmiş, kıble duvarının ortasına bir mihrap eklenmiş, mihrabın genelde sağında taş bir minber, bazan da mihrap duvarının sol köşesine duvarın üzerine çıkmaya mahsus bir merdiven yerleştirilmiştir. Bir kısım araştırmacılar tarafından ikinci bir minberin de bulunduğu söylenen bu düzenleme, namazgâhlarda kıble duvarının üzerine kadar yükselmeyi sağlaması sebebiyle duvarın üstüne çıkarak ezan okumak ya da vaaz vermek amacıyla minare yahut vaaz kürsüsü görevini karşılamış oluyordu. Bu tertibatıyla namazgâh, İslâm’da ilk cami olarak kabul edilen Hz. Peygamber’in evinin avlusu ile aynı düzende tasarlanmıştır. Bu tip namazgâhlar, sadece namaz kılmak için değil aynı zamanda halkın bir araya gelmesiyle çeşitli kararların tartışıldığı, toplantıların yapıldığı bir nevi tabhâne vazifesi de görmektedir. Sur dışında yüksekçe bir tepe üzerindeki namazgâhlar yağmur duası için kullanıldığı gibi hacca giden grupların Uğurlandığı ya da karşılandığı, bazan şenliklerin düzenlendiği, misafirlerin ağırlandığı alanlar olmuştur. Varlığı tesbit edilebilen Türkiye’deki mihraplı-minberli namazgâhlar şunlardır: Mardin Emînüddin Külliyesi Namazgâhı (XII. yüzyılın ilk çeyreği), Çanakkale Gelibolu Azebler Namazgâhı (810/1407), Bursa Umur Bey Namazgâhı (1439), Eski Malatya Namazgâhı (1465), İstanbul Atmeydanı Namazgâhı (Üçler Mescidi) (942/1535-36), Kosova Prizren Fâtih Sultan Mehmed Namazgâhı, Tokat Turhal Gümüştop (Dazya) Köyü Namazgâhı, İznik Namazgâhı, Konya Musallâ Namazgâhı (948/1541), İstanbul Okmeydanı Namazgâhı (Okmeydanı Mescidi) (1034/1625), İstanbul Rumelihisarı Toplarönü Namazgâhı (XVII. yüzyıl), Safranbolu Namazgâhı, Eskişehir Sivrihisar Musallâ Namazgâhı (1811), Diyarbakır Şeyh Mehmed Namazgâhı (1859-1860). Bu grup içinde yer alan Konya Musallâ, Sivrihisar Musallâ ve Gelibolu Azebler Namazgâhı’nda müezzin mahfilinin yerinin vurgulanmış olması ayrıca dikkat çekicidir.
2. Çeşmeli namazgâhlar. a) Bir yüzü mihraplı namazgâh çeşmeleri. Bir yüzü mihraplı, bir yüzü çeşmeli örneklerle bilhassa menzillerde karşılaşılmaktadır. Mihraplı yüzün önünde bir ya da birkaç kişinin namaz kılabileceği yükseltilmiş bir seki vardır. Bazan çok belirgin olmayan bir sütre ile de çevrelenmiştir. Asıl hüviyeti çeşme değil namazgâh olan bu tipin en güzel örneği İstanbul Edirnekapı’daki Vezir Mehmed Paşa Namazgâhı’dır. b) Fevkanî namazgâhlar. Genellikle meydan çeşmeleri şeklinde düzenlenmiştir. Çeşmenin su haznesinin üzerine ya da yanına taş bir merdivenle çıkılır. Kıble yönünü belirten bir namazgâh taşı ve çeşmenin etrafını saran kısa bir sütreden ibarettir. Birkaç kişinin namaz kılabileceği büyüklükte inşa edilenleri olduğu gibi otuz kırk kişinin bir arada bulunacağı ölçekte olanları da vardır. Bu tipe Eyüp Mehmed Paşa Namazgâh Çeşmesi (1026/1617), Üsküdar Ali Ağa Namazgâhı (1064/1654), Eyüp Mustafa Efendi Namazgâh Çeşmesi (1105/1694), Üsküdar Ahmed Ağa Namazgâh Çeşmesi (1133/1721), Piyâle Paşa Kadınlar Çeşmesi Namazgâhı (1190/1776) ve Kadırga Limanı’nda Esmâ Sultan Namazgâhı (1193/1779) örnek olarak gösterilebilir.
3. Bir çeşme yanına inşa edilen namazgâh alanları ve kıble (mihrap) taşları. Çeşmenin hemen yanına bir kıble taşı ilâvesiyle namazgâh alanı oluşturulmuştur. Bu alan bir veya birkaç kişinin namaz kılabileceği kadar genişlikte olup taş ya da tuğla döşeme ile zemini belirginleştirilmiştir. Genelde bu namazgâh alanı bir sütre ile de çevrelenmiştir. Kıble yönünü belirten namazgâh taşının üstüne bazan bir kandil motifi işlenmiştir. Çok defa bu taşın üzerinde “el-mihrâb” ibaresi ya da mihrap âyeti yazılmıştır. Çeşme ile birlikte inşa edilenlerin yanı sıra çeşmelerden sonra kıble taşının konulduğu örnekler de vardır. İstanbul’da sayıca bunlar çoğunluktadır. Bu tipin önemli örnekleri olarak Bulgurlu Namazgâhı (1064/1654), Beykoz İshak Ağa Namazgâh Çeşmesi (1162/1749), Üsküdar Ayşe Hanım Namazgâhı (1181/1767), Zeytinburnu Mustafa Efendi Namazgâhı (1795), Bezmiâlem Vâlide Sultan Çeşmesi Namazgâhı (1831), Bostancı Abdullah Ağa Namazgâhı (1831), Üsküdar Bekârderesi Sokağı Namazgâhı (1860) ve Alemdağ Namazgâhı (1898) sayılabilir.
4. Musallâ taşlı namazgâhlar. Musallâ taşının hemen yanında bir mihrap taşından ibarettir. Cenaze namazlarının kılındığı alanlarda bazan dinî bir yapı, bir hazîre girişi ya da mezarlık girişinde yer almaktadır. Musallâ namazgâhların bir bölümü mihraplı, minberli olarak inşa edildiğinden birinci gruba dahil edilmektedir.
Edirne’de XVI. yüzyıl sonlarına tarihlenen ve Mimar Sinan’a atfedilen bir namazgâh yukarıda sıraladığımız grupların dışında kalmakta olup kendine özgü düzeni ile dikkat çekmektedir. Şehrin girişinde “Hacılar ezanı” adı ile anılan ve içinde Sinan’ın torunu Fatma’nın da kabrinin bulunduğu küçük mezarlığın önünde yer alan bu namazgâh, birkaç basamakla çıkılan bir seki şeklinde olup dikdörtgen planlıdır. Üzeri mihrabın iki yanındaki iri pâyelerin dışında altı tane köşeli sütuna oturan yedi sivri kemerin taşıdığı sivri taş çatı ile örtülmüştür. Dikdörtgen kesitli mihrap nişi de üstte mukarnaslı olup alta altı kollu yıldızdan gelişen ajurlu geometrik şebekeli pencere şeklinde düzenlenmiştir.
BİBLİYOGRAFYA Hüseyin Ayvansarâyî, Camilerimiz Ansiklopedisi: Hadîkatü’l-cevâmi‘ (haz. İhsan Erzi), İstanbul 1987, I, tür.yer.; a.mlf., Hadîkatü’l-cevâmi‘: İstanbul Câmileri ve Diğer Dînî-Sivil Mi‘mârî Yapılar (haz. Ahmed Nezih Galitekin), İstanbul 2001, tür.yer.; Tanışık, İstanbul Çeşmeleri , I-II, tür.yer.; Semavi Eyice, “Ankara’nın Eski Bir Resmi”, Atatürk Konferansları IV: 1970, Ankara 1971, s. 61-123; a.mlf., “İstanbul-Şam-Bağdat Yolu Üzerindeki Mimari Eserler I-Üsküdar Bostancıbaşı Güzergâhı”, TD, sy. 13 (1958), s. 81-103; a.mlf., “İstanbul’un Ortadan Kalkan Bazı Tarihî Eserleri III”, TED , sy. 10-11 (1981), s. 195-238; Ayverdi, Osmanlı Mi‘mârîsi II, s. 166-168, 329-330; a.mlf., Osmanlı Mi‘mârîsi III, s. 282; İsmail Fazıl Ayanoğlu, Ok Meydanı ve Okçuluk Tarihi, İstanbul 1974, s. 24; Tahsin Pekbaş, İstanbul Namazgâhları (lisans tezi, 1974), İÜ Ed.Fak. Sanat Tarihi Bölümü; M. Uğur Derman, “Osmanlı Devri Şehir ve Menzil Yollarında İstirahat ve İbadet Yerleri (Namazgâhlar)”, Atatürk Konferansları V: 1971-1972, Ankara 1975, s. 281-298; M. Sinan Genim, “Mihraplı ve Minberli Namazgâhlar”, Fifth International Congress of Turkish Art (ed. G. Fehér), Budapest 1978, s. 339-345; a.mlf., “Mihraplı ve Minberli Namazgâhlara Bir Örnek”, STY, sy. 6 (1976), s. 147-155; Yılmaz Önge, “İstanbul’un Namazgâhlı Çeşmelerinden Vezir Mehmet Paşa Çeşmesi”, Semavi Eyice Armağanı: İstanbul Yazıları, İstanbul 1992, s. 189-200; a.mlf., “Edirne’de Mimar Sinan’ın Bir Eseri, Bir Namazgâh”, Önasya, IV/44, Ankara 1969, s. 10-11, 22; Affan Egemen, İstanbul’un Çeşme ve Sebilleri, İstanbul 1993, tür.yer.; Orhan Cezmi Tuncer, Diyarbakır Camileri: Mukarnas, Geometri, Orantı, Diyarbakır 1996, s. 188-189; Uğur Tanyeli, “Musalla, İdgâh, Namazgâh: Tanımsız Bir Mimarî Olgu”, Üçüncü Uluslararası Türk Kültürü Kongresi Bildirileri, Ankara 1999, I, 231-238; M. Baha Tanman – Ahmet Vefa Çobanoğlu, “Osmanlı Döneminde Kudüs: Kent Dokusu Mimarlık ve Çini Sanatına İlişkin Bir Araştırmanın İlk Sonuçları-Mimarlık”, Ortadoğu’da Osmanlı Dönemi Kültür İzleri Uluslar Arası Bilgi Şöleni Bildirileri (haz. Şebnem Ercebeci – Aynur Şimşek-Canpolat), Ankara 2001, II, 515-531; M. Baha Tanman, “Turhal’ın Gümüştop (Dazya) Köyündeki Namazgâh”, STY, sy. 9-10 (1981), s. 309-316; Hakkı Acun – Mehmet İbrahimgil, Kosova-Prizren Fatih Sultan Mehmet Namazgâhı (Kırık Cami) Kazı ve Restorasyon Çalışmaları ile Şehit Başçavuş Hüseyin Kutlu Parkı, Ankara 2002; Yavuz Tiryaki, “Namazgâhlar”, Geçmişten Günümüze Beyoğlu, İstanbul 2004, I, 415-420; Mustafa Özdamar, “Üsküdar Namazgâhları”, Üsküdar Sempozyumu I: 23-25 Mayıs 2003: Bildiriler, İstanbul 2004, I, 97-105; a.mlf., “Namazgâhlar”, VD, XX (1992), s. 221-248; Mustafa Kenan Özkan, “Kemer Secdegâhı Temizlik ve Düzenleme Çalışmaları”, Kurtarma Kazıları Sonuçları Toplantısı, Ankara, ts., s. 255-277; M. Kemal Özergin, “Üsküdar-Bostancıbaşı Derbendi Güzergâhı Mimari Eserlerinin Kitabeleri”, TD, sy. 9 (1958), s. 111-132; Erdem Yücel, “İstanbul Namazgahları”, Hayat Tarih Mecmuası, VIII/1, İstanbul 1972, s. 51-61; Süleyman Ş. Örnek, “Kültür Parkı Mabetlerimizden Musallâlarımız”, Peyzaj Mimarlığı, IV/1, Ankara 1973, s. 10-12; Zafer Bayburtluoğlu – Mehmet Özkarcı, “Erzurum’da Az Bilinen Bir Köşk ve Namazgah”, EFAD, sy. 20 (1992), s. 257-291; Hüdavendigâr Akmaydalı, “Mihrablı ve Minberli Namazgâhlarımız”, VD, XXIII (1995), s. 123-143; A. J. Wensinck, “Musallâ”, İA, VIII, 673-674; Ernst Diez, “Musallâ”, a.e., VIII, 674-675; Cavid Baysun, “Musallâ”, a.e., VIII, 675-677; R. Hillenbrand, “Muṣallā”, EI2 (İng.), VII, 659-660; J. Burton-Page, “Namazgâh”, a.e., VII, 947; “Namazgâhlar”, DBİst.A, VI, 43-44.
Maddenin bu bölümü TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2006 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 32. cildinde, 359-360 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.