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NEHAÎ Skip to content Ebû İmrân İbrâhîm b. Yezîd b. Esved en-Nehaî el-Kûfî (ö. 96/714)
Muhaddis ve fakih, tâbiî.
46 (666) yılında Kûfe’de dünyaya geldi. 38 (658) veya 50 (670) yılında doğduğu da rivayet edilmiştir. Aslen, Yemen’deki Mezhic kabilesinin büyük bir kolu olup İslâmî dönemde Kûfe’ye yerleşen Nehâ’ya mensuptur. Bu kabilenin âzatlı kölesi olduğuna dair rivayet (İbn Kuteybe, s. 463; Ebû Hayseme, II, 104-106) kaynakların çoğunun verdiği bilgilere uymamaktadır. Babası hadis râvisi olan Nehaî’nin annesi Müleyke, Yezîd b. Kays en-Nehaî’nin kızıdır. İbn Hibbân diğer kaynaklardan farklı olarak Müleyke’nin Alkame b. Kays’ın kız kardeşi ve Esved b. Yezîd’in halası olduğunu kaydeder.
Muhaddis ve fakihlerin yetiştiği aile çevresinde öğrenim gören Nehaî babasından, annesinin amcası Alkame b. Kays, dayıları Esved b. Yezîd ve Abdurrahman b. Yezîd ile Kādî Şüreyh, Mesrûk b. Ecda‘, Abîde es-Selmânî, İbrâhim et-Teymî, İkrime el-Berberî, Süveyd b. Gafele, Ebû Abdurrahman es-Sülemî, Hemmâm b. Hâris en-Nehaî gibi tâbiînin büyüklerinden rivayette bulundu. Nehaî’nin tâbiînden olduğu kabul edilmekle birlikte sahâbeden hadis dinleyip dinlemediği hususu tartışmalıdır. Berâ b. Âzib, Abdullah b. Ebû Evfâ, Ebû Cühayfe, Amr b. Hureys gibi onun döneminde Kûfe’de bulunan sahâbîleri görmüş olmalıdır, ancak hiçbirinden hadis rivayet etmediği ileri sürülmektedir. 1500 sahâbînin yerleştiği Kûfe’de Nehaî’nin hiçbirinden faydalanmadığı düşünülemezse de hadis ilmi ölçülerine göre hadis dinlediğinin tesbit edilemediği anlaşılmaktadır. Kaynaklarda umumiyetle belirtildiğine göre henüz ergenlik yaşına girmeden Alkame ve Esved ile birlikte hacca gittiğinde Hz. Âişe’nin meclisinde bulunmuş, fakat ondan doğrudan hadis rivayet etmemiştir. Ebû Dâvûd, Nesâî ve İbn Mâce’nin Sünen’lerinde Hz. Âişe’den rivayeti yer alsa da Nehaî’yi tâbiînden sayan hadisçiler bile bu rivayeti muttasıl saymamaktadır, çünkü onlara göre Nehaî tâbiînin büyüklerinden değildir. Bu bakımdan Ebû Yûsuf ve Muhammed b. Hasan eş-Şeybânî’nin Kitâbü’l-Âs̱âr’larında Hz. Ali, Ömer, İbn Mes‘ûd, Zeyd b. Sâbit ve Hz. Âişe’den yaptığı rivayetlerin mürsel olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. İbn Hibbân onun Mugīre b. Şu‘be ve Enes b. Mâlik’ten hadis dinlediğini söylerse de yaşı itibariyle Mugīre’ye yetişmiş olması mümkün değildir. Nehaî’den Ebû İshak es-Sebîî, Simâk b. Harb, Hakem b. Uteybe, A‘meş, Abdullah b. Avn, Hammâd b. Ebû Süleyman, İbnü’l-Mu‘temir, Mugīre b. Miksem ed-Dabbî, Hâris b. Yezîd el-Uklî gibi şahsiyetler rivayette bulundu.
Irak’ta siyasî istikrarsızlığın hâkim olduğu ve Kûfe’nin sık sık muhalif gruplar arasında el değiştirdiği bir dönemde yaşayan Nehaî, resmî görevliler tarafından izlendiğini bildiği halde bir köşeye çekilip insanların arzu ettikleri görüşleri kendisine nisbet etmelerinden daha iyi olduğunu belirterek şehrin ulucamisinde ders vermeyi sürdürdü. Kûfe’yi ele geçiren Muhtâr es-Sekafî zamanında kendisine yapılan görev teklifini hastalık bahanesiyle kabul etmedi; ancak Irak Valisi Haccâc b. Yûsuf es-Sekafî’nin kumandanı Mühelleb b. Ebû Sufre’nin Ezârika ile yaptığı savaşa katılmaya mecbur edildi. Cuma namazına gittiğinde aslında öğleyi evinde kıldığı halde takıyye icabı camiye geldiğini söylemesi, Haccâc’a lânet okuması, Hâricîler’in itaate davet edilmesine Haccâc’a itaat olarak baktığı için karşı çıkması ve İbnü’l-Eş‘as ayaklanmasında Iraklı âlimlerle birlikte onun yanında yer alması (Ya‘kūbî, II, 278) Nehaî’nin Emevîler’le arasının iyi olmadığını göstermektedir. Nitekim Kûfe’nin tekrar Emevîler’in eline geçmesi üzerine bu tavrı sebebiyle sıkıntılı günler yaşadı, Haccâc tarafından yakalanması için emir verildi. Ancak onu yakalamaya gelen kişiye dostu İbrâhim et-Teymî’nin kendisinin İbrâhim en-Nehaî olduğunu söylemesi üzerine kurtuldu, Teymî ise tutuklanarak hapse atıldı. Hayatının bir döneminde öğrencisi Ebû Ma‘şer Ziyâd b. Küleyb et-Teymî’nin evinde saklandı, daha sonra Haccâc tarafından Şa‘bî ile birlikte affedildi. Bazı kaynaklarda Nehaî’nin İbnü’l-Eş‘as ayaklanmasında onun yanında yer almadığı, Zâviye ve Deyrülcemâcim’de yapılan savaşlar sırasında evinde bulunduğu (İbn Sa‘d, VI, 282; Fesevî, I, 237; Zehebî, IV, 526), bu savaşı tasvip etmediği (İbn Sa‘d, VI, 278) ve bu ayaklanmada Kûfe’de Hayseme b. Abdurrahman el-Cu‘fî ile kendisinin kurtulduğu (İclî, s. 431) kaydedilmektedir. Fakat İbnü’l-Eş‘as isyanında Haccâc’a verdiği destek sebebiyle Horasan valiliğine tayin edilen Emevî kumandanı Kuteybe b. Müslim’in maiyetindeki bir dostuna, kumandanının arkasında namaz kılmamasını tavsiye etmesi, Haccâc’ın ölümü üzerine şükür secdesinde bulunup sevinç göz yaşları dökmesi ve saklanmakta olduğu için vefatı sırasında yedi veya dokuz kişilik bir cemaat tarafından gizlice kılınan cenaze namazının ardından defnedilmesi ömrünün sonlarına kadar Emevî yönetimiyle ilişkilerinin iyi gitmediğini göstermektedir. 95 (714) yılı sonlarında Kûfe’de öldüğüne dair bir rivayet nakledilmekle birlikte Haccâc’dan (ö. Şevval 95 / Haziran-Temmuz 714) dört beş ay sonra vefat ettiğine dair kendi kızından gelen bir rivayetle öğrencisi Hammâd’ın Haccâc’ın ölümünü kendisine müjdelediği haberi dikkate alındığında 96 yılı başlarında (Eylül-Ekim 714) vefat ettiğine dair bilgi daha doğru görünmektedir (İbn Sa‘d, VI, 284).
Kûfe’nin fikrî bakımdan oldukça hareketli bir döneminde yaşayan Nehaî, Kur’an ve Sünnet’te açıkça yer almayan yeni fikirler ileri sürenlerin sadece kendi görüşlerinin hak, diğerlerinin bâtıl olduğunu söylemelerinden yakınmış, cemaatle birlikte olmayı ve dine aykırı görüş sahipleriyle beraber bulunmamayı tavsiye etmiş, ehl-i kıbleden olanlarla savaşmayı helâl görmemiş, bid‘atçıların aleyhine konuşmanın gıybet sayılmayacağını belirtmiştir. Kendi döneminde zuhur eden ircâ anlayışını bid‘at sayar ve bunu savunan Mürcie hakkında ağır sözler sarfeder, onların bu ümmete Hâricîler’in aşırı kolu Ezârika’dan daha zararlı olduğunu söylerdi. Hz. Ali’yi Hz. Ebû Bekir ve Ömer’den üstün saymamakla birlikte onu Hz. Osman’dan daha çok sevdiğini söyler, ancak Osman aleyhine konuşulmasına şiddetle karşı çıkardı. Sıffîn’de Hz. Ali safında yer alan Alkame’yi de Esved’den üstün tutardı. İbn Kuteybe, muhtemelen bu anlayışından ve Emevîler’e karşı tutumundan dolayı Nehaî’yi Şîa’dan saymış (el-Maʿârif, s. 624), Ebû Ca‘fer et-Tûsî de onu Hz. Ali’den rivayette bulunanlarla Ali b. Hüseyin’in öğrencileri içinde zikretmiştir. Ancak İbn Kuteybe’nin Şîa’yı Râfıza’dan ayrı olarak ele alması ve Şîa’dan saydığı A‘meş, İbnü’l-Mu‘temir, Şu‘be b. Haccâc, Ma‘mer b. Râşid, Süfyân es-Sevrî, Vekî‘ b. Cerrâh, Abdürrezzâk es-San‘ânî gibi kişilerin ehl-i hadîsin ileri gelenleri arasında yer aldığı dikkate alınırsa Şîa’dan kastının Hz. Ali’nin Hz. Osman’dan üstünlüğünü veya Muâviye ile savaşında onun haklılığını kabul edenler olduğu anlaşılır. Öte yandan Nehaî’nin 38 (658) yılında doğduğu rivayeti esas alınsa bile Hz. Ali’nin vefatında iki yaşında olacağı için ondan rivayette bulunması mümkün değildir. Ayrıca mest üzerine meshetmeyi kabul etmeyen kimsenin Hz. Peygamber’in sünnetinden yüz çevirmiş sayılacağını söylemesi bu konudaki Şîa anlayışına ters düşmektedir. Râvilerden biri hakkında, “Şiî olmakla itham edilirdi” demesi de kendisinin bu düşünceyi benimsemediğinin bir başka delilidir.
Nehaî, hadis rivayetinde sika ve fıkıh alanında otorite olduğu konusunda icmâ bulunan nâdir şahsiyetlerden biridir. Vefatında Şa‘bî Basra, Kûfe, Hicaz ve Şam’da Hasan-ı Basrî ve İbn Sîrîn dahil geride kendisinden daha âlim birini bırakmadığını söylemiştir. A‘meş, Nehaî’nin hadis sarrafı olduğunu, arkadaşlarından duyduğu hadisleri ona arzettiğini ve rivayet ettiği hadisler hakkında mutlaka onun önceden bilgi sahibi bulunduğunu, Ebû Zür‘a Nehaî’nin müslümanların bayraktarlarından biri olduğunu, Ahmed b. Hanbel de zeki, hâfız ve sünnet bilgisine vâkıf bir âlim sayıldığını belirtmiştir. A‘meş (yahut Mansûr) – İbrâhim – Alkame – İbn Mes‘ûd senedi muhaddislerce en sahih kabul edilen isnadlardan biridir. Nehaî’nin rivayet ettiği hadislerden bir kısmı Kütüb-i Sitte’de yer almaktadır. Onun tâbiîn neslinin hadis alanında en tartışmalı konularından olan hadislerin yazıyla kayda geçirilmesi hususunda yazının güven duygusu vereceği endişesiyle olumsuz bakış açısını benimsediği, bu sebeple hadis yazmadığını söylediği ve aksini gösteren bir başka rivayet bulunmakla birlikte (Ebû Nuaym, IV, 225) hadis metinlerini yazan öğrencisi Hammâd’a karşı çıktığı rivayet edilmekte (Dârimî, “Muḳaddime”, 42; İbn Sa‘d, VI, 272), ancak daha sonra bu görüşünden vazgeçerek kendisinin de hadis yazdığı belirtilmektedir (Muhammed b. Hasan eş-Şeybânî, s. 199). Hadis rivayetinde oldukça titiz davrandığı anlaşılan Nehaî doğrudan Hz. Peygamber’e nisbet ederek hadis nakletmenin mesuliyetinden kaçındığı için İbn Mes‘ûd ve Alkame’nin görüşlerini nakletmeyi tercih ederdi. Bazı râvileri cerhetmekle beraber tâbiîn neslinde dürüstlük hâkim bulunduğundan müslümanların güvenilir kimseler olduğunu vurgular ve hadisleri çok defa mürsel şeklinde rivayet ederdi. İbn Mes‘ûd’dan bir kişinin adını vererek rivayet ettiği hadisi sadece ondan, ad vermeden doğrudan İbn Mes‘ûd’a nisbet ettiği rivayeti ise pek çok kimseden duyduğunu belirterek mürsel rivayetinin müsned rivayetinden daha güçlü olduğuna işaret etmiş, birçok hadis imamı da onun mürsellerini sahih sayarken Beyhakī bunu sadece İbn Mes‘ûd’dan yaptığı mürsellere hasretmiştir. Yahyâ b. Maîn, Nehaî’nin mürsellerini Şa‘bî’nin mürsellerine tercih ettiğini, Ahmed b. Hanbel de Nehaî’nin mürsellerinde bir sakınca bulunmadığını belirtmiştir. Nehaî, dinî hükümleri iyi kavrayan kimselerin hadisleri mânaları ile rivayet etmesinin câiz olduğunu, fakat hadis rivayet eden bazı kimselerin helâli harama çevirdiğini gördüğü için hadisleri ancak onların ne anlama geldiğini bilenlerden aldığını söylemiştir. Ebû Hüreyre’nin rivayet ettiği hadislerin bir kısmının kabul edilip bir kısmının reddedildiğini, bunlardan sadece cennet-cehennemi tasvir eden ve Kur’an’da zikredilen iyi davranışları yapmaya, yasaklanan kötü davranışlardan kaçınmaya teşvik eden hadislerin benimsendiğini söylemesi ise eleştirilere sebebiyet vermiştir. İclî bu sözün zındıklara ait olduğunu ve Nehaî’den sahih olarak nakledilmediğini ileri sürerse de sözün Hanefî usul eserlerinde kaydedilmesi bir yana Hanefîler’in ahkâm hadisleri konusunda râvinin fakih olması şartını aramalarında etkisinin bulunduğu anlaşılmaktadır (Cessâs, III, 127; Debûsî, s. 180-181; Şemsüleimme es-Serahsî, I, 341; krş. İbn Asâkir, LXVII, 359-361). Yine kendisinden rivayet edilen, Ebû Hüreyre hadislerinin çoğunun mensuh görüldüğü yolundaki sözlerini Zehebî, Ebû Hüreyre’nin Hayber fethi sırasında oldukça geç bir dönemde müslüman olması sebebiyle hadislerinin çoğunun nâsih olduğunu, aslında onun naklettiği hadisler arasında nâsih ve mensuhun çok az sayıda bulunduğunu söyleyerek eleştirmiştir (Aʿlâmü’n-nübelâʾ, IV, 528).
Daha on sekiz yaşında iken ders vermeye başlayan Nehaî kıraat, tefsir, hadis ve fıkıh alanlarında temayüz etmiştir. İslâmî literatürde İbrâhim veya Nehaî şeklinde mutlak olarak zikredilen tâbiîn dönemi âliminden o anlaşılır. Çocukluğunda öğrenim görürken Zeyd b. Sâbit ve İbn Mes‘ûd kıraatlerini birlikte öğrenmişti. Kıraat ilmini Alkame b. Kays ve Esved b. Yezîd’den arz usulüyle okumuş, kendisinden de A‘meş ve Talha b. Musarrif kıraat öğrenmiştir. Nehaî’nin Arapça’ya hâkim olmadığı için gramere uygun konuşamadığı ve kıraat imamlarından Âsım b. Behdele’nin onun dürüst bir kimse olmakla birlikte kıraat konusunda iyi olmadığını söylediği kaydedilmektedir (Ahmed b. Hanbel, I, 133, 333). Hocalarının korktukları için Kur’an’ı tefsir etmek istemediklerini söylediği nakledilmekle birlikte Nehaî’nin âyetlerle ilgili bir kısım yorum ve açıklamalarına başta Taberî tefsiri olmak üzere İbn Kesîr ve Süyûtî’nin rivayet tefsirlerinde yer verilmektedir (bazı yorumları için bk. Ebû Nuaym, IV, 231-232).
Otuz üç yaşında fetva vermeye başlayan Nehaî’yi ilk takdir edenlerden biri Kûfe’de dönemin en büyük âlimi kabul edilen Saîd b. Cübeyr’dir. Onun kendisine bir fetva sorulduğunda, “Aranızda İbrâhim bulunduğu halde bana mı fetva soruyorsunuz?” dediği rivayet edilir. Mahallî fıkıh ekollerinin oluştuğu dönemde Kûfe’de Nehaî ehl-i re’yin ve Şa‘bî ehl-i hadîsin temsilcisi olarak fetva veriyordu. Nehaî, Irak ehl-i re’y ekolünün kurucularından olması dolayısıyla “fakīhü’l-Irâk” diye de bilinir. Şa‘bî onu İslâm dünyasının en fakih insanı diye niteler ve Saîd b. Cübeyr’i kendisinden üstün saymasına şaşırdığını belirtir. Bazı rivayetlerde Nehaî’nin ömrünün sonlarında veya ölümünden sonra otorite haline geldiği ifade edilmektedir. Bir rivayete göre Nehaî’den önce Deyrülcemâcim hadisesine kadar (82/701) Kûfe’de fetva verme makamında yalnızca Saîd b. Cübeyr bulunmaktaydı. Nitekim Ya‘kūbî de ona Abdülmelik b. Mervân dönemi değil Velîd b. Abdülmelik dönemi fukahası arasında yer verir. Ebû İshak eş-Şeybânî, Kûfe’den Horasan’a gittiği sırada İbrâhim’in adı anılmayan bir kişi iken iki yıl sonra döndüğünde fetva vermiş, hadis rivayet etmiş olarak vefat eden biri olduğunu, İbn Şübrüme onun vefatından sonra merci haline geldiğini, Şa‘bî de ölüsünün dirisinden daha fakih olduğunu söylemiştir. Bu rivayetlerin doğru kabul edilmesi halinde Nehaî’nin dönemin âlimlerinin yaptığı gibi bir mescidin sütunu altına oturup ders vermemesi, ders verdiği kişilerin dört beş civarında olması, ayrıca orta yaşlı bir âlim olarak vefat ettiği ve hayatının son zamanlarını Haccâc’dan gizlenerek geçirdiği dikkate alındığında Yaşarken hak ettiği üne kavuşamadığı söylenebilir. Nitekim fıkhî görüşlerinin umumiyetle öğrencisi Hammâd tarafından rivayet edilmesi bunun bir delili olarak zikredilebilir.
Bizzat kendi ifadesine göre Nehaî, Hz. Ali ve İbn Mes‘ûd’un talebelerine yetişmiş olduğu halde Hz. Ali’nin talebelerine güvenmediği için İbn Mes‘ûd’un talebelerinden ilim öğrenmiştir. Bununla birlikte Ebû Yûsuf ve Şeybânî’nin Kitâbü’l-Âs̱âr’larında az da olsa Nehaî aracılığı ile Hz. Ali’den gelen rivayetlere yer verilmiştir. İbn Mes‘ûd’un kıraatini benimseyen ve onun görüşleriyle fetva veren altı büyük öğrencisi bulunduğunu ifade ederek adlarını Alkame, Esved, Mesrûk, Abîde es-Selmânî, Hâris b. Kays ve Amr b. Şürahbîl olarak sıralayan Nehaî fıkhı bunların ilk dördünden, özellikle Alkame b. Kays’tan öğrenmiştir. İbnü’l-Medînî tarafından çağdaşı Şa‘bî ile birlikte onları en iyi tanıyan, usul ve görüşlerini en iyi bilen Kûfeliler olarak gösterilmiştir. Şa‘bî’nin Hz. Ali’den, ehl-i Medîne’den ve daha başkalarından görüş almasına mukabil Nehaî sadece hocalarının görüşlerini benimserdi. Şa‘bî rivayet bilgisi bakımından, Nehaî ise fıkıh nosyonu açısından üstündü. Bu sebeple Ebü’d-Duhâ Müslim b. Sabîh el-Hemdânî ile birlikte üçü mescidde toplanıp müzakerede bulunurken kendilerine hakkında rivayet olmayan bir fetva sorulduğunda kıyas yapma işini Nehaî’ye bırakırlardı. Fıkhî görüş ve yaklaşımlarında sahâbe görüşüne büyük önem veren ve sahâbeye muhalefeti hoş karşılamayan Nehaî, sahâbe dönemine yetiştikleri için sahâbe icmâının oluşmasında görüşleri dikkate alınan tâbiîn ulemâsı arasında sayılmaktadır. Nehaî fıkhın sadece teorik yönüyle ilgilenmemiş, aynı zamanda Kādî Şüreyh’in yanında bir müddet mübâşir olarak görev yapmak suretiyle hukuk pratiğini de geliştirmiş, Kādî Şüreyh’in hukukî ictihadları ile mahkeme kararlarının sonraki nesillere aktarılmasında önemli rol oynamıştır.
İbrâhim en-Nehaî, fıkhî istidlâllerinde re’ye ve onun daha özel bir şekli olan kıyasa önemli derecede yer veren Irak ekolünün baş otoritesidir. Kaynaklarda ona atfen zikredilen hükümler daha çok re’y ve kıyasa dayanır. Ancak Nehaî, sisteminde re’ye yer verdiği kadar rivayete de yer verir; re’yin rivayetsiz, rivayetin de re’ysiz olamayacağını söylerdi. Fakat rivayetler konusunda şüpheci ve seçicidir, kriterlere uygun olanları alır, uymayanları terkederdi. Bu bakımdan onun re’y ve kıyasa karşı olduğu, re’y taraftarlarını sünnet taraftarlarının düşmanı diye nitelediği ve A‘meş’in İbrâhim’in herhangi bir şey hakkında re’yini söylediğini duymadığını ifade ettiği şeklindeki rivayetler doğru ise bunlardan naslara dayanmayan şahsî fikirler anlaşılmalıdır.
Nehaî’nin fıkhî görüşleri büyük ölçüde Hammâd’a dayalı olarak Ebû Yûsuf ve Muhammed b. Hasan eş-Şeybânî’nin Kitâbü’l-Âs̱âr’larında, Sahnûn’un el-Müdevvene’sinde geniş biçimde aktarıldığı gibi Abdürrezzâk es-San‘ânî ve Ebû Bekir İbn Ebû Şeybe’nin el-Muṣannef’lerinde, Buhârî’nin el-Câmiʿu’ṣ-ṣaḥîḥ’inin bab başlıklarında, Dârimî’nin es-Sünen’inde ve fukaha ihtilâflarına yer veren eserlerde (meselâ bk. İbn Abdülber, el-İstiẕkâr, XXX, 42) kaydedilmiştir. Ebû Yûsuf ve Şeybânî, Kitâbü’l-Âs̱âr’larında Nehaî’nin görüşlerine diğer tâbiîn âlimleriyle mukayese edilemeyecek ölçüde geniş yer verirler. Ayrıca bu eserlerde mevcut hadislerle tâbiîn ve sahâbeye nisbet edilen rivayetlerin önemli bir kısmı da İbrâhim aracılığı ile nakledilmiştir (bu rivayetlerin sayısal dökümü için bk. Schacht, s. 33). Modern dönemde Muhammed Revvâs Kal‘acî, Mevsûʿatü fıḳhi İbrâhîm en-Neḫaʿî adıyla iki ciltlik bir çalışma yaparak (Kahire 1979; Beyrut 1986) Nehaî’nin fıkhî görüşlerini derleyip değerlendirmiştir. Yazılı İslâmî literatürün ortaya çıkışından önceki döneme ait rivayetleri aksi ispat edilmedikçe genellikle hayal ürünü sayan Joseph Schacht’ın Nehaî’ye atfedilen fıkhî görüşlerin büyük kısmının Hammâd dönemine ait olduğunu söylemesi, Hammâd gibi saygın bir âlimin fıkhî açıdan değerli sayılan bu görüşleri kendisine nisbet etme yerine hocasına nisbet etmiş olduğu anlamına gelir ki bu iddia temelsiz ve her açıdan tutarsızdır.
Irak ehl-i re’y mektebinin teşekkülünde merkezî bir rol oynayan Nehaî, Kûfe’de özellikle İbn Mes‘ûd’un etrafında başlayıp gelişen fıkhî hareketin kendi dönemine kadar süren birikimini özümseyerek fıkıh alanındaki görüş ve faaliyetleriyle öğrencisi Hammâd üzerinden daha sonra Ebû Hanîfe ekseninde teşekkül edecek olan Hanefî mezhebinin görüşlerine de kaynaklık etmiştir. Bu bakımdan İbn Abdülberr’in, Ebû Hanîfe’ye ait pek çok re’y ve kıyasın İbn Mes‘ûd’un öğrencileri ve Nehaî tarafından paylaşıldığını söylemesi bir vâkıanın tesbitidir. Şah Veliyyullah ed-Dihlevî de Nehaî’nin görüşlerini zikreden eserlere atıfla yapılacak bir karşılaştırmanın Ebû Hanîfe’nin nâdir haller dışında onun görüşleri dışına çıkmadığı sonucuna götüreceğini ileri sürmüştür (Ḥüccetullāhi’l-bâliġa, I, 419). Ancak Ebû Hanîfe’nin, içinde yetiştiği Kûfe ekolünün usulünü benimsediği ve pek çok konuda onlarla aynı düşündüğü inkâr edilemezse de bu ekolün usul ve ictihadlarını geliştirdiğini kabul etmek gerekir (Dihlevî’nin tezinin eleştirisi için bk. M. Ebû Zehre, s. 227-232; ayrıca bk. EBÛ HANÎFE).
Küçükken geçirdiği bir rahatsızlık yüzünden bir gözü görmeyen Nehaî zayıf yapılı idi. Zengin olmadığı halde kılık kıyafetinden zengin sanılırdı. Hiç kimseyle dinî konularda tartışmaya girmez, kendisine fetva sorulmasından hoşlanmaz, sorulmadan ve zorunlu kalmadan fetva vermezdi. Fetvalarında helâl ve haram kelimelerini kullanmaktan kaçınır, “Mekruh sayarlardı” ya da “Müstehap görürlerdi” ifadelerini kullanırdı. Ders esnasında insanların arasına oturur, mescidde bir direğin yanına oturup ders vermesi için ısrar edildiği halde şöhretten kaçındığı için bu isteği geri çevirirdi. İbadete düşkün sâlih bir kimse olan Nehaî ihtiyacı olduğu halde zekât kabul etmez, devletin yaptığı yardımlarla ve tarla kiralayıp ziraat yapmakla geçinirdi. Ancak idarecilerin hediyesini kabul eder ve bazan da kendilerinden isterdi. Bid‘atlara karşı duyarlı olan Nehaî, Câhiliye döneminde olduğu gibi cenazesinde ateş yakılmamasını ve kendisi için bir lahit yapılmasını vasiyet etmiştir.
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Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2006 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 32. cildinde, 535-538 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.