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Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1, 471 – 503, 22.08.2024
Övünç Didem Özsoy , İnci Kuyulu Ersoy
https://doi.org/10.29135/std.1457629
Öz Osmanlı’nın Batılılaşma olarak adlandırılan döneminde, başkent İstanbul ve imparatorluğun o günkü sınırları içinde kalan diğer bölgelerinde karşımıza çıkan duvar ve tavan resimlerinin, geniş bir kullanım alanı bulduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu dönemde duvar ve tavan resimlerinde ele alınan konular, gerçek dünyanın manzaralarından hayali yerlerin manzaralarına; tek yapılardan, yapı gruplarına; çeşitli gemi tasvirlerinden, çanak veya vazolara girerek boyut kazanmış meyve ve çiçekli natürmortlara; hatta insan figürlerinden hayvan figürlerine kadar uzanan geniş bir yelpaze sunar. Bazı resimlerde görülen, üzerine bıçak saplanmış karpuz veya çeşitli meyve resimleri ile kulak, makas, yürek gibi birtakım motiflerin ise bunlarda bazı sembolik anlamlar bulunması gerektiğini düşündürür. Duvar resimlerinde sıklıkla kullanılan motiflerden biri olan perde de resimlerde kapladığı alan, ihtişam ve özellikle bazı mekanlarda tek başına kullanılması ile, sadece dekoratif özellikleriyle değil, aynı zamanda sembolik anlamlar çerçevesinde ele alınabilecek motiflerden biridir. İşlevleri aslında ışığı, ısıyı kesme, mekânı bölmelere ayırma, saklanan nesneleri ortaya çıkarma gibi kullanım amaçlarıyla fiziksel ve pratik olan perdeler; demetlenebilme ve sallandırılabilme konusundaki etkileyici özellikleri ile dramatik sanatların yoğunlaştırılmış olayları için de uygun bir çerçeve olarak daima değerlendirilmiş; sosyal, estetik veya dini öneme sahip mesajları ileterek, törensel, kamusal veya devlete ait özel alanların temsilcileri haline gelmişlerdir. Osmanlı duvar resimlerinde gerek sivil gerek dini mimaride yer alan perde motifleri de drape, saçak, renk tonlamaları ve ışık-gölge oyunları ile zenginleştirilerek, çerçevelediği konuya ya da yapıldığı mekâna hareket ve derinlik kazandırma, soyluluk ve kutsallık kavramlarını temsil etme gibi amaçlarla kullanılmışlardır. Bu çalışmada, Batılılaşma Dönemi’nde Anadolu duvar ve tavan resimlerinde sıkça karşımıza çıkan perde motifi çeşitli örneklerle detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler Osmanlı Resim Sanatı, Batılılaşma Dönemi, Duvar Resmi, Tavan Resimi, Anadolu, Perde Motifi
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Ankara: Remzi Kitabevi. 2. Basım. Aşıcı, Ö. (2010). Geçmişten Günümüze Perdenin Tarihi. İstanbul: Medya Yayıncılık. Ayırtır, G. (2018). Bezeklik Duvar Resimlerindeki 9. Tapınak Pranidhi Sahnelerinin Desen ve Tasvir Analizi, (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Marmara Üniversitesi/Güzel Sanatlar Enstitüsü, İstanbul. Aytaç, İ. ve Temel, E.Ç. (2009). Kayseri (Germir) İbrahim Akdağ Evinde Duvar Resimleri. Sanat ve İnsan Dergisi (1-2), 4-12. Başaranbilek, E. (2015). Lübbey Kışlağı ve Lübbey Camisi. İstanbul: Mas Matbaacılık. Bozer, R. (1987). Kula-Emre Köyü'nde Resimli Bir Cami. Türkiyemiz (53), 15-22. Bozer, R. (1988). Kula Evleri. Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Yayınları. Bubur, R. ve İlter Alper, B.(2023). Kosova’nın İpek ve Yakova Bölgesinde Az Bilinen Osmanlı Camileri. Lyon. 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Curtain Motifs in Ottoman Wall Paintings Yıl 2024, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1, 471 – 503, 22.08.2024
Övünç Didem Özsoy , İnci Kuyulu Ersoy
https://doi.org/10.29135/std.1457629
Öz During the Westernization of the Ottoman Empire, which started in the second half of the 18th century and lasted until the beginning of the 20th century, both in the capital Istanbul and in the regions within the borders of the empire at the time such as the Balkans, Aegean Islands, Middle East and North Africa, wall and ceiling paintings appear to have been widely used. It appears that the wall and ceiling paintings encountered in residences and places of worship in all places from central cities to remote villages of Anatolia were painted simultaneously with the capital city. Although decorating walls and ceilings is a long-standing tradition among the Turks, there is a differentiation in subject and form in the works produced during the late period. Topics covered in Ottoman wall and ceiling paintings of this period encompass a broad range, including landscapes of real and imaginary places, depictions of individual buildings or ships, still life featuring fruits and flowers that have been given dimension by being placed in bowls or vases, and decorations incorporating human or animal figures. The presence of fruit images with knives stuck in them, as well as motifs such as ears, scissors and hearts in some of the paintings, suggests that there must be some symbolic meanings embedded within them. Curtain, a motif frequently used in wall paintings, can be considered part of this symbolic group, given their prominent placement within the paintings, the splendor and especially with being used alone as a large size in some places. While curtains primarily serve physical and practical functions such as blocking light or heat, dividing space into different compartments for privacy and revealing hidden or covered objects, they have also been consistently used as a suitable frame for the intensified events of both the physical life and the dramatic arts at all times with their various hanging styles and designs created by taking into account their fascinating capacity to be draped, stretched and swayed. Furthermore, curtains have served as spokesmen for ceremonial, public or private spheres by conveying messages of social, aesthetic or religious significance. Curtains, which were occasionally used as a means of expression in Ottoman society were also used as a motif in wall paintings in both civil and religious architecture, enriched with drape, over drapery, fringe, tiebacks, color tones and light-shadow plays for purposes such as conveying motion and depth, as well as representing concepts of nobility and sanctity to the subjects framed within or the locations in which they are made. In our paper, the features of the curtain motif, which is an important image enriching Ottoman architectural decoration of the Westernization Period and is frequently encountered in Anatolian wall and ceiling paintings, will be tried to be revealed through examples from regions outside the capital city, by covering different aspects such as form, style and period.
Anahtar Kelimeler Ottoman Painting, Ottoman-Turkish Westernization, Wall Painting, Ceiling Painting, Anatolia, Curtain Motif
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Manisa, Demirci Merkez Hacı Mehmed Ağa Camii Duvar Resimleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, (51), 7-36. Renda, G. (1977). Batılılaşma Döneminde Türk Resim Sanatı 1700 – 1850. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları. Renda, G. (1986). Göreme’de Korunması Gereken Bir Ev. III. Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı, Ankara, 20-24 Mayıs 1985, Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları, 103-132. Roberts, L. (2021), An Introduction To Frames With Covers, Shutters and Curtains, Part 2: Curtains on sacred works, Erişim: 22 Mart 2023 https://theframeblog.com/2021/12/. Roth, M.T. (Ed.). (2005). Pariktu A. The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (12,P). Chicago: The University of Chicago, Institute For The Study Of Ancient Cultures, West Asia & North Africa, Erişim: 14 Şubat 2023 https://isac.uchicago.edu/research/publications/chicago-assyrian-dictionary. Sadebal, H. (tarihsiz). Perdenin Kitabı, Perdenin Dünü Bugünü Ve Yarını. Gernaz Tekstil Yayınları. Süslü, Ö. (1978). Adatepe’de Hacı Mehmet Ağa Konağı’nın Süslemeleri. İstanbul Devlet Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Akademisi Dergisi, (2), 99-114. Şener, D. (2011). 18. ve 19. Yüzyıllarda Anadolu Duvar Resimleri, (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Ankara Üniversitesi/Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara. Taş, E. (2021). Türk Tezyinatında Perde. SEFAD (45), 271-294. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Altar Front, Erişim: 15 Mart 2023 https://www.clevelandart.org/art/1948.25. Turgut, M. (2019). Some Animal Offerings In The Hittite Rituals. International Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Science (3/1), 31-43. Türk Dil Kurumu. (2022). Perde. Genel Açıklamalı Sözlük. Erişim: 30 Kasım 2023 https://sozluk.gov.tr. Türkiye Kültür Portalı, Serbanşah/Savranşah Camii-Denizli, T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Erişim: 19 Şubat 2023 https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/denizli/gezilecekyer/serbansah-savransah-camii. Uludağ, S. (1996). Gayn. T.D.V (Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı) İslâm Ansiklopedisi, (Cilt 13, 417) Ankara: TDV Yayınları. Uludağ, S. (1998). Hicab. Tasavvuf. T.D.V (Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı) İslâm Ansiklopedisi, (Cilt 17, 430-431) Ankara: TDV Yayınları. Uysal, Z. (2020). Çanakkale İlinde Ahşap Direkli Camiler. Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı. Ülkü, O. (2016). Osmanlı Mimarisinde Manzara Resimleri Süslemeciliği Bağlamında Koçarlı-Cincin Köyü Cihanoğlu Hacı Abdülaziz Efendi Camii Duvar Süslemelerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi (25/2), 277-293. Ürer, H. (2013). Su Yapıları Mimarisi, İzmir Kent Ansiklopedisi, Mimarlık 1, (Birinci Cilt), İzmir: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kent Kitaplığı. Yates, J. (1875). Velum. A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: J. Murray, Erişim: 04 Mart 2023 https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/secondary/smigra*/velum.html. Yavaş, A. (2016). Çanakkale, Bayramiç Hadımoğlu Konağı. Çanakkale Araştırmaları Türk Yıllığı, (14/20), 207-227. Yıldırım, S. (2013). Burhaniye Şahinler Köyü Camii Duvar Resimleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (29), 295-281. Zincirkıran Can. G. ve Demirarslan, D. (2020). İç Mimaride Perde ve Perde Görevi Gören Elemanlar, Ankara: İksad Yayınevi. Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Resim Tarihi, Sanat Tarihi Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA Yazarlar Övünç Didem Özsoy EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ Türkiye
İnci Kuyulu Ersoy EGE UNIV 0000-0001-5344-2353 Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Ağustos 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Mart 2024 Kabul Tarihi 27 Mayıs 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster APA Özsoy, Ö. D., & Kuyulu Ersoy, İ. (2024). Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi, 33(1), 471-503. https://doi.org/10.29135/std.1457629 AMA Özsoy ÖD, Kuyulu Ersoy İ. Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi. STD. Ağustos 2024;33(1):471-503. doi:10.29135/std.1457629 Chicago Özsoy, Övünç Didem, ve İnci Kuyulu Ersoy. “Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi”. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi 33, sy. 1 (Ağustos 2024): 471-503. https://doi.org/10.29135/std.1457629. EndNote Özsoy ÖD, Kuyulu Ersoy İ (01 Ağustos 2024) Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi 33 1 471–503. IEEE Ö. D. Özsoy ve İ. Kuyulu Ersoy, “Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi”, STD , c. 33, sy. 1, ss. 471–503, 2024, doi: 10.29135/std.1457629. ISNAD Özsoy, Övünç Didem – Kuyulu Ersoy, İnci. “Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi”. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi 33/1 (Ağustos 2024), 471-503. https://doi.org/10.29135/std.1457629. JAMA Özsoy ÖD, Kuyulu Ersoy İ. Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi. STD . 2024;33:471–503. MLA Özsoy, Övünç Didem ve İnci Kuyulu Ersoy. “Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi”. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi, c. 33, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 471-03, doi:10.29135/std.1457629. Vancouver Özsoy ÖD, Kuyulu Ersoy İ. Osmanlı Duvar Resimlerinde Perde Motifi. STD. 2024;33(1):471-503.
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