Sanayi Tipi Fasulyelerde Yapraktan Yapılan Biyostimülant Uygulamalarının Verim, Iskarta Oranı ve Bakla Kalitesine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 53 Sayı: Özel Sayı 1, 281 – 286, 16.07.2024

Tansel Kaygısız Aşçıoğul Enes Yılmaz Özlem Alan Fatih Şen

https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1509550

Öz

This study aimed to determine the effects of foliar biostimulant applications (alone or with calcium) on pod yield, discard rate and pod quality in industrial beans during the pre-harvest period. Foliar biostimulant (Enza Nutri Activ: NA) application to bean plants 2 and/or 1 week before harvest (2H; 2 weeks, 1H; 1 week, 2+1 H; 2 and 1 week) alone or combined with calcium (NA Seven different applications were made (NA 2H, NA 1H, NA 2+1H, NA+Ca 2H, NA+Ca 1H, NA+Ca 2+1H and Ca). Bean plants that were not treated were accepted as control. In the harvested beans, the number of pods per plant, pod weight, yield, discard rate, physical properties of the pods, color, chlorophyll content and sensory properties were determined. At harvest, NA+Ca 2+1H and NA 2H applications increased the total and processable yield by an average of 22.66% and 22.10%, respectively, compared to the control. The treatments did not have a significant effect on the color, chlorophyll amount and some physical properties of the snap beans. Applications of 2 weeks before harvesting or 2 and 1 week before harvesting were increased the total and processable yield by an average of 22.85% and 20.87%, respectively, compared to the control. Applications did not have a significant effect on the color, chlorophyll content and some physical properties of the pod beans. There was no significant difference in yield between a single application 2 weeks before harvest and two applications 2 and 1 week before harvest. Therefore, a single application should be preferred due to its ease of application and economy. As a result, it is recommended to apply the biostimulant alone or together with Ca 2 weeks before harvest in industrial beans as it increases the total and processable yield.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beans, pod characteristics, chlorophyll, discard rate, sensory properties

Kaynakça

• El Sheikha, A.F., Allam, A.Y., Taha, M., Varzakas, T. 2022. "How does the addition of biostimulants affect the growth, yield and quality parameters of the snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)? How is this reflected in its nutritional value?". Applied Sciences 12, No.2:776. https://doi.org/10. 3390/app12020776.
• Miriam de la Nunez-Vazquez, M.C., Delgado-Acosta, C., Lopez-Padron, I., Martínez-González, L., Reyes-Guerrero, Y., Pérez-Domínguez, G., Brito-Sánchez D. 2020. New biostimulant and its influence on the production of common beans. Cultiv. Trop 41:e08.
• Kocira, S., A. Szparaga, P. Hara, K. Treder, P. Findura, P. Bartoš, M. Filip 2020. Biochemical and economical effect of application biostimulants containing seaweed extracts and amino acids as an element of agroecological management of bean cultivation. Sci.Rep. 10:17759. https://doi.org/10. 1038/s41598-020-74959-0.
• Petropoulos, S.A., Taofiq, O., Fernandes, Â., Tzortzakis, N., Ciric, A., Sokovic, M., Barros, L., Ferreira, I.C. 2019. Bioactive properties of greenhouse-cultivated green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under biostimulants and water-stress effect. J. Sci. Food Agric. 99:6049-6059. https:// doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9881.
• McGuire, RG. 1992. Reporting of objective color measurements. HortScience 27(12):1254-1255.
• Katafiire, M., Ugen, M., Mcharo, M. 2011. Snap beans commodity value chain. Proceedings of the regional stakeholders’ workshop, 9-10 December 2009, Imperial Resort Beach Hotel, Entebbe, Uganda. ASARECA (Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa), Entebbe.
• Facteau, T.J., Rowe, K.E., Chestnut, N.E. 1985. Firmness of sweet cherry following multiple applications of gibberellic acid. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 110:775-777.
• Lenahan, O.M., Whiting, M.D., Elfving, D.C. 2006. Gibberellic acid inhibits floral bud induction and improves ‘Bing’ sweet cherry fruit quality. Hort Science 41:654-659.
• Karaçalı, İ. 2016. Bahçe ürünlerinin muhafazası ve pazarlanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Yayın No:494, İzmir, 486s.
• Herrero, M., Rodrigo, J., Wünsch, A. 2017. Cherries: botany, production and uses. In: Quero-García, J., Iezzoni, A., Pulawska, J., Lang, G. (Eds.), Flowering, Fruit Set and Development. CABI, Oxfordshire UK, pp:14-35.
• Arnon, D.I. 1943. Mineral nutrition of plants. Annual Review of Biochemistry 12:493-528.
• Lichtenhaler, H.K., Wellburn, A.R. 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a, b and extract in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions 11:591.

Sanayi Tipi Fasulyelerde Yapraktan Yapılan Biyostimülant Uygulamalarının Verim, Iskarta Oranı ve Bakla Kalitesine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 53 Sayı: Özel Sayı 1, 281 – 286, 16.07.2024

Tansel Kaygısız Aşçıoğul Enes Yılmaz Özlem Alan Fatih Şen

https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1509550

Öz

Bu çalışmada, hasat öncesi dönemde sanayi tipi fasulyelerde yapraktan yapılan biyostimülant uygulamalarının (tek başına veya kalsiyum ile birlikte), bakla verimi, ıskarta oranı ve bakla kalitesine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Fasulye bitkilerine yapraktan biyostimülant (Enza Nutri Activ; NA) uygulaması hasattan 2 ve/veya 1 hafta önce (2H; 2 hafta, 1H; 1 hafta, 2+1 H; 2 ve 1 hafta) tek başına veya kalsiyum ile kombine edilerek (NA 2H, NA 1H, NA 2+1H, NA+Ca 2H, NA+Ca 1H, NA+Ca 2+1H ve Ca) yedi farklı uygulama yapılmıştır. Uygulama yapılmayan fasulye bitkileri kontrol olarak kabul edilmiştir. Hasat edilen fasulyelerde bitki başına bakla sayısı, bakla ağırlığı, verim, ıskarta oranı, baklanın fiziksel özellikleri, rengi, klorofil miktarı ve duyusal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Hasatta NA+Ca 2+1H ve NA 2H uygulamaları toplam ve işlenebilir verimi kontrole göre sırasıyla ortalama %22.66 ve %22.10 oranında arttırmıştır. Uygulamaların baklanın rengine, klorofil miktarı ve bazı fiziksel özelliklerine önemli bir etkisi olmamıştır. Hasattan 2 hafta önce tek uygulama ile hasattan 2 ve 1 hafta önce iki kez yapılan uygulama arasında verim bakımından belirgin bir farklılık olmamıştır. Bu nedenle, uygulama kolaylığı ve ekonomik olmasından dolayı tek uygulama tercih edilmelidir. Sonuç olarak sanayi tipi fasulyelerde hasattan 2 hafta önce biyostimülantın tek başına veya Ca ile birlikte uygulanması toplam ve işlenebilir verimi arttırdığı için önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fasulye, bakla özellikleri, klorofil, fire oranı, duyusal özellikler

Kaynakça

• El Sheikha, A.F., Allam, A.Y., Taha, M., Varzakas, T. 2022. "How does the addition of biostimulants affect the growth, yield and quality parameters of the snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)? How is this reflected in its nutritional value?". Applied Sciences 12, No.2:776. https://doi.org/10. 3390/app12020776.
• Miriam de la Nunez-Vazquez, M.C., Delgado-Acosta, C., Lopez-Padron, I., Martínez-González, L., Reyes-Guerrero, Y., Pérez-Domínguez, G., Brito-Sánchez D. 2020. New biostimulant and its influence on the production of common beans. Cultiv. Trop 41:e08.
• Kocira, S., A. Szparaga, P. Hara, K. Treder, P. Findura, P. Bartoš, M. Filip 2020. Biochemical and economical effect of application biostimulants containing seaweed extracts and amino acids as an element of agroecological management of bean cultivation. Sci.Rep. 10:17759. https://doi.org/10. 1038/s41598-020-74959-0.
• Petropoulos, S.A., Taofiq, O., Fernandes, Â., Tzortzakis, N., Ciric, A., Sokovic, M., Barros, L., Ferreira, I.C. 2019. Bioactive properties of greenhouse-cultivated green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under biostimulants and water-stress effect. J. Sci. Food Agric. 99:6049-6059. https:// doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9881.
• McGuire, RG. 1992. Reporting of objective color measurements. HortScience 27(12):1254-1255.
• Katafiire, M., Ugen, M., Mcharo, M. 2011. Snap beans commodity value chain. Proceedings of the regional stakeholders’ workshop, 9-10 December 2009, Imperial Resort Beach Hotel, Entebbe, Uganda. ASARECA (Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa), Entebbe.
• Facteau, T.J., Rowe, K.E., Chestnut, N.E. 1985. Firmness of sweet cherry following multiple applications of gibberellic acid. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 110:775-777.
• Lenahan, O.M., Whiting, M.D., Elfving, D.C. 2006. Gibberellic acid inhibits floral bud induction and improves ‘Bing’ sweet cherry fruit quality. Hort Science 41:654-659.
• Karaçalı, İ. 2016. Bahçe ürünlerinin muhafazası ve pazarlanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Yayın No:494, İzmir, 486s.
• Herrero, M., Rodrigo, J., Wünsch, A. 2017. Cherries: botany, production and uses. In: Quero-García, J., Iezzoni, A., Pulawska, J., Lang, G. (Eds.), Flowering, Fruit Set and Development. CABI, Oxfordshire UK, pp:14-35.
• Arnon, D.I. 1943. Mineral nutrition of plants. Annual Review of Biochemistry 12:493-528.
• Lichtenhaler, H.K., Wellburn, A.R. 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a, b and extract in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions 11:591.

Toplam 12 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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