Şeytan Elması (Datura stramonium L.) ve Sirken (Chenopodium album L.) Etanol Ekstraktlarının Bitki Patojeni (Macrophomina phaseolina ve Rhizoctonia solani) Fungusları Üzerine Allelopatik Etkileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 389 – 395, 30.04.2024

Ayhan Taştan Enes Fidan , İlhan Kaya Tekbudak

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1429355

Öz

Bu çalışmada şeytan elması (Datura stramonium L.) ve sirken (Chenopodium album L.)’den elde edilen etanol ekstraktlarının toprak kökenli bitki patojeni olan Macrophomina phaseolina ve Rhizoctonia solani AG3 fungusları üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu patojenlerin mücadelesinde bitki koruma ürünlerine alternatif olabilecek bitkilerde sentezlenen doğal bileşikler ile insan ve çevreye duyarlı yöntemlerin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmalar tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre beş tekrarlı olarak Patates dekstroz agar (PDA) besi ortamında 9 cm’lik petri kaplarında in vitro koşullarda yürütülmüştür. Negatif kontrol için Captan 50 içerikli fungisit, pozitif kontrol için ise %0 saf su kullanılmıştır. Toplanan şeytan elması ve sirken bitkilerinden elde edilen etanol ektraktları %2, 4, 8, 16 ve 32 konsantrasyonlarında uygulanmıştır. Söz konusu test patojenlerinin ekimi gerçekleştirilmiş ve 24±1°C’ye ayarlı inkübatörlere gelişim için bırakılmıştır. Yedinci günün sonunda bu uygulamaların miseliyal gelişimleri ölçülerek değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Bu değerlendirmelere göre, şeytan elması ve sirkenden elde edilen etanol ekstraktlarının her iki patojenin gelişimini olumsuz etkilediği gözlenmiştir. Özellikle %8 üzerindeki etanol dozlarının her iki test patojeninde gelişimini tamamen engellediği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, şeytan elması ve sirkenin etanol ekstraktlarının M. phaseolina ve R. solani AG3 etmenlerine karşı pestisitlere alternatif olabilmeleri açısından ümitvar olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Allelopati, Datura stramonium L., Chenopodium album L., bitki ekstrakları, fitopatojen fungus.

Kaynakça

• Agrios, G.N. 2005. Plant pathology. Elsevier.
• Ali, A., Javaid, A. ve Shoaib, A. 2017. GC-MS analysis and antifungal activity of methanolic root extract of Chenopodium album against Sclerotium rolfsii. Planta Daninha. 35.
• Alkooranee, J.T., Al-khshemawee, H.H., Al-badri, M.A.K., Al-srai. M.S. ve Daweri, H.H. 2020. Antifungal activity and GC-MS detection of leaves and roots parts of Chenopodium album extract against some phytopathogenic fungi. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 54(1). 117-121.
• Al-Malki, A.A.T. 2014. Effect aqueous extract of Xanthium strumarium L. and Trichoderma viride against Rhizctonia solani. International Journal of Botany and Research. 4(6): 1-6
• Çakar, G., Sivrikaya, I.S., Karakaya, E. ve Güller, A. 2021. Evaluation of the In Vitro Fungicidal Activity of Summer Savory and Lavender Essential Oils Against Fusarium solani. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 5(4), 795-805.
• Davis, P.H. 1970. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3.
• Durant, J.L. 2019. Where have all the flowers gone? Honey bee declines and exclusions from floral resources. Journal of Rural Studies, 65, 161-171.
• Düzgüneş, O., Kesici, T., Kavuncu, O., Gürbüz, F, 1987. Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları. Ankara Üniversitesi. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları 1021. Ankara. 381.
• Fawcett, C.H. ve Spencer, D.M. 1970. Plant chemotherapy with natural products. Annual Review of Phytopathology. 8(1). 403-418.
• Gadano, A.B., Gurni, A.A. ve Carballo, M.A. 2006. Argentine folk medicine: genotoxic effects of Chenopodiaceae family. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 103(2). 246-251.
• Ghorbanpour, M., Omidvari, M., Abbaszadeh-Dahaji, P., Omidvar, R. ve Kariman, K. 2018. Mechanisms underlying the protective effects of beneficial fungi against plant diseases. Biological Control. 117. 147-157.
• Hussain, I., Nasir, M.A. ve Haque, M.R. 1992. Effect of different plant extract on brown rust and yield of wheat. Journal of Agriculture Research 30.127-131.
• Sherazi, A.Z., Jabeen, K., Iqbal, S., Yousaf, Z. 2016. Management of Ascochyta rabiei by Chenopodium album extracts. Planta Daninha, 34, 675-680.
• Jalander, V. ve Gachande, B.D. 2012. Effect of aqueous leaf extracts of Datura spp. against two plant pathogenic fungi. International Journal of Food. Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences. 2(3). 131-134.
• Javaid, A. ve Amin, M. 2009. Antifungal activity of methanol and n-hexane extracts of three Chenopodium species against Macrophomina phaseolina. Natural product research. 23(12). 1120-1127.
• Kaushik, P. ve Goyal, P. 2008. In vitro evaluation of Datura innoxia (thorn-apple) for potential antibacterial activity. Indian Journal of Microbiology. 48. 353-357.
• Karakeçili, P., 2019. Şeytan Elması (Datura stramonium L.) Ekstraktlarının Bazı Bitki Patojeni Fungus ve Bakteriler Üzerine Etkisi (yüksek lisans tezi, basılmamış). YYÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van.
• Shivpuri, A., Sharma, O.P. ve Jhamaria, S.L. 1997. Fungitoxic properties of plant extracts against pathogenic fungi. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 27 (1): 29-31.
• Mahadevan, A. 1982. Biochemical aspects of plant disease resistance. Part I. performed inhibitory substances. New Delhi: Today and tomorrow’s Printers and Publication 425-431.
• Matias, R., Fernandes, V., Corrêa, B.O., Pereira, S.R., Oliveira, A.K.M. 2020. Phytochemistry and antifungal potential of Datura inoxia Mill. on soil phytopathogen control. Bioscience Journal 36 (3): 691-701.
• Mohana, D., Prasad, P., Vijaykumar, V., ve Raveesha, K. 2011. Plant extract effect on seed-borne pathogenic fungi from seeds of paddy grown in Southern India. Journal of Plant Protection Research. 51(2).
• Molish, H. 1937. Der Einfluss einer Pflanze auf die Andere. Allelopathie. Fischer: Jena. Nsibande, S., Forbes, P. 2016. Fluorescence detection of pesticides using quantum dot materials–a review. Analytica Chimica Acta, 945, 9-22.
• Oerke, E.C. 2006. Crop losses to pests. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 144(1). 31-43. Rajesh. A. & Sharma. G. L. 2002. Studies on antimycotic properties of Datura metel. Journal of Ethno pharmacology 80(2-3) 193-197.
• Schmitt, A. (1996). Plant extracts as pest and disease control agents.
• Shahnaz, D., Sadia, K. ve Marium, T. 2010. Comparative effect of plant extracts of Datura alba Ness and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.. alone or in combination with microbial antagonists for the control of root disease of cowpea and okra. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 42(2) 1273-1279.
• Shinde, V. ve Dhale, D.A. 2011. Antifungal properties of extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Datura stramonium against some vegetable pathogenic fungi. Journal of Phytology 3(12) 41-44.
• Singh, R.K. ve Dwivedi, R.S. 1987. Effect of oils on Sclerotium rolfsii causing root rot of barley. Indian Journal of Phytopathalogy. 40. 531-533.
• Sivrikaya, I.S., Tosun, B. ve Karakaya, E. 2021. Origanum onites L. ve Rosmarinus officinalis L. Uçucu Yağlarının Kimyasal İçerikleri ve Fusarium solani’ye Karşı Antifungal Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 329-335.
• SPSS. 2021. IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 for Windows.
• Strange, R.N. ve Scott, P.R. 2005. Plant disease: a threat to global food security. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.. 43. 83-116.
• Taha, S.M., Amer, M.E., Elmarsafy, A.E., Elkady, M.Y. 2014. Adsorption of 15 different pesticides on untreated and phosphoric acid treated biochar and charcoal from water. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2, 2013-2025.
• Türküsay, H. ve Onoğur. E. 1998. Studies on antifungal effects of some plant extracts in vitro. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 22(3). 267-272.
• Yavuz, N., 2010. Bazı Bitki Ekstraktlarının Fitopatojen Funguslara Karşı Antifungal Etkisi (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Bursa.
• Yorulmaz, M. ve Özkan, R.Y. 2020. Allelopathic Effect of Jimson Weed (Datura stramonium L.) on Seed Germination. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi. 7(3). 793-797.

Allelopathic Effect Of Jimson Weed (Datura stramonium L.) and Lamb's Quarters (Chenopodium album L.) Ethanol Extracts On Some Plant Pathogen (Macrophomina phaseolina Ve Rhizoctonia solani) Fungi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 389 – 395, 30.04.2024

Ayhan Taştan Enes Fidan , İlhan Kaya Tekbudak

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1429355

Öz

In this study were investigated the effects of ethanol extracts from jimson weed (Datura stramonium L.) and lamb’s quarters (Chenopodium album L.) on soilborne plant pathogens Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani AG3. It is aimed to develop methods that are sensitive to humans and the environment with natural compounds synthesized in plants that can be an alternative to pesticides in the control against these pathogens. The studies were conducted in vitro conditions in 9 cm petri dishes on Potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, with five replicates, according to the randomized plot design. While Captan 50 fungicide was used for negative control, 0% pure water was applied for positive control. Ethanol extracts obtained from collected jimson weed and lamb’s quarters plants were used at concentrations of 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32%. These test pathogens were inoculated and placed in incubators set at 24±1°C for growth. The mycelial development of these applications was measured and evaluated at the end of the seventh day. According to these evaluations, it was observed that ethanol extracts obtained from jimson weed and lamb’s quarters negatively affected the development of both pathogens. In particular, ethanol doses above 8% were found to completely inhibit the growth of both test pathogens. Therefore, it is thought that there is potential for ethanol extracts of devil’s apple and lamb’s quarters to replace pesticides in the control of M. phaseolina and R. solani AG3.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Allelopathy, Datura stramonium L., Chenopodium album L., plant extract, phytopathogenic fungus.

Kaynakça

• Agrios, G.N. 2005. Plant pathology. Elsevier.
• Ali, A., Javaid, A. ve Shoaib, A. 2017. GC-MS analysis and antifungal activity of methanolic root extract of Chenopodium album against Sclerotium rolfsii. Planta Daninha. 35.
• Alkooranee, J.T., Al-khshemawee, H.H., Al-badri, M.A.K., Al-srai. M.S. ve Daweri, H.H. 2020. Antifungal activity and GC-MS detection of leaves and roots parts of Chenopodium album extract against some phytopathogenic fungi. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 54(1). 117-121.
• Al-Malki, A.A.T. 2014. Effect aqueous extract of Xanthium strumarium L. and Trichoderma viride against Rhizctonia solani. International Journal of Botany and Research. 4(6): 1-6
• Çakar, G., Sivrikaya, I.S., Karakaya, E. ve Güller, A. 2021. Evaluation of the In Vitro Fungicidal Activity of Summer Savory and Lavender Essential Oils Against Fusarium solani. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 5(4), 795-805.
• Davis, P.H. 1970. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3.
• Durant, J.L. 2019. Where have all the flowers gone? Honey bee declines and exclusions from floral resources. Journal of Rural Studies, 65, 161-171.
• Düzgüneş, O., Kesici, T., Kavuncu, O., Gürbüz, F, 1987. Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları. Ankara Üniversitesi. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları 1021. Ankara. 381.
• Fawcett, C.H. ve Spencer, D.M. 1970. Plant chemotherapy with natural products. Annual Review of Phytopathology. 8(1). 403-418.
• Gadano, A.B., Gurni, A.A. ve Carballo, M.A. 2006. Argentine folk medicine: genotoxic effects of Chenopodiaceae family. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 103(2). 246-251.
• Ghorbanpour, M., Omidvari, M., Abbaszadeh-Dahaji, P., Omidvar, R. ve Kariman, K. 2018. Mechanisms underlying the protective effects of beneficial fungi against plant diseases. Biological Control. 117. 147-157.
• Hussain, I., Nasir, M.A. ve Haque, M.R. 1992. Effect of different plant extract on brown rust and yield of wheat. Journal of Agriculture Research 30.127-131.
• Sherazi, A.Z., Jabeen, K., Iqbal, S., Yousaf, Z. 2016. Management of Ascochyta rabiei by Chenopodium album extracts. Planta Daninha, 34, 675-680.
• Jalander, V. ve Gachande, B.D. 2012. Effect of aqueous leaf extracts of Datura spp. against two plant pathogenic fungi. International Journal of Food. Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences. 2(3). 131-134.
• Javaid, A. ve Amin, M. 2009. Antifungal activity of methanol and n-hexane extracts of three Chenopodium species against Macrophomina phaseolina. Natural product research. 23(12). 1120-1127.
• Kaushik, P. ve Goyal, P. 2008. In vitro evaluation of Datura innoxia (thorn-apple) for potential antibacterial activity. Indian Journal of Microbiology. 48. 353-357.
• Karakeçili, P., 2019. Şeytan Elması (Datura stramonium L.) Ekstraktlarının Bazı Bitki Patojeni Fungus ve Bakteriler Üzerine Etkisi (yüksek lisans tezi, basılmamış). YYÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van.
• Shivpuri, A., Sharma, O.P. ve Jhamaria, S.L. 1997. Fungitoxic properties of plant extracts against pathogenic fungi. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 27 (1): 29-31.
• Mahadevan, A. 1982. Biochemical aspects of plant disease resistance. Part I. performed inhibitory substances. New Delhi: Today and tomorrow’s Printers and Publication 425-431.
• Matias, R., Fernandes, V., Corrêa, B.O., Pereira, S.R., Oliveira, A.K.M. 2020. Phytochemistry and antifungal potential of Datura inoxia Mill. on soil phytopathogen control. Bioscience Journal 36 (3): 691-701.
• Mohana, D., Prasad, P., Vijaykumar, V., ve Raveesha, K. 2011. Plant extract effect on seed-borne pathogenic fungi from seeds of paddy grown in Southern India. Journal of Plant Protection Research. 51(2).
• Molish, H. 1937. Der Einfluss einer Pflanze auf die Andere. Allelopathie. Fischer: Jena. Nsibande, S., Forbes, P. 2016. Fluorescence detection of pesticides using quantum dot materials–a review. Analytica Chimica Acta, 945, 9-22.
• Oerke, E.C. 2006. Crop losses to pests. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 144(1). 31-43. Rajesh. A. & Sharma. G. L. 2002. Studies on antimycotic properties of Datura metel. Journal of Ethno pharmacology 80(2-3) 193-197.
• Schmitt, A. (1996). Plant extracts as pest and disease control agents.
• Shahnaz, D., Sadia, K. ve Marium, T. 2010. Comparative effect of plant extracts of Datura alba Ness and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.. alone or in combination with microbial antagonists for the control of root disease of cowpea and okra. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 42(2) 1273-1279.
• Shinde, V. ve Dhale, D.A. 2011. Antifungal properties of extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Datura stramonium against some vegetable pathogenic fungi. Journal of Phytology 3(12) 41-44.
• Singh, R.K. ve Dwivedi, R.S. 1987. Effect of oils on Sclerotium rolfsii causing root rot of barley. Indian Journal of Phytopathalogy. 40. 531-533.
• Sivrikaya, I.S., Tosun, B. ve Karakaya, E. 2021. Origanum onites L. ve Rosmarinus officinalis L. Uçucu Yağlarının Kimyasal İçerikleri ve Fusarium solani’ye Karşı Antifungal Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 329-335.
• SPSS. 2021. IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 for Windows.
• Strange, R.N. ve Scott, P.R. 2005. Plant disease: a threat to global food security. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.. 43. 83-116.
• Taha, S.M., Amer, M.E., Elmarsafy, A.E., Elkady, M.Y. 2014. Adsorption of 15 different pesticides on untreated and phosphoric acid treated biochar and charcoal from water. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2, 2013-2025.
• Türküsay, H. ve Onoğur. E. 1998. Studies on antifungal effects of some plant extracts in vitro. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 22(3). 267-272.
• Yavuz, N., 2010. Bazı Bitki Ekstraktlarının Fitopatojen Funguslara Karşı Antifungal Etkisi (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Bursa.
• Yorulmaz, M. ve Özkan, R.Y. 2020. Allelopathic Effect of Jimson Weed (Datura stramonium L.) on Seed Germination. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi. 7(3). 793-797.

Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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