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“Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar Skip to content Yıl 2024, Sayı: 21, 242 – 266, 10.06.2024
Güngör Şahin
https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1463149
Öz Ahmet Haşim, Dergâh dergisinin 15 Nisan 1921 tarihli sayısında yayınlanan “Bir Günün Sonunda Arzu” başlıklı şiiriyle edebiyat dünyasında büyük yankı uyandırır. “Göl Saatleri”nden sonra şiir anlayışında dikkat çeken bir safhaya geçen Ahmet Haşim’in bu şiiri üzerine, dergi ve gazetelerde alaycı yazılar ve tenkitler yer alır. Şiirinin müphem, manasız ve vuzuhsuz olduğu savıyla eleştirilir. Bu tenkitler üzerine Ahmet Haşim aynı yıl 5 Ağustos 1921 tarihinde, Dergâh dergisinde “Şiirde Mâna” başlıklı yazısını yayınlayarak şiir hakkındaki görüşlerini ifade eder. Saf şiir taraftarlarının estetik görüşlerinin temelini oluşturan bu yazı bazı değişikliklerle; “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” başlığıyla 1926 yılında Piyale şiir kitabının mukaddimesi olarak yayınlanır. Ahmet Haşim’in “Bir Günün Sonunda Arzu” başlıklı şiirine karşı eleştirilere bir cevap niteliğindeki yazısı, “mana” ve “vuzuh” kavramları etrafında oluşturulan poetik bir müdafaadır. Haşim’in poetikası daha sonraki dönemlerde saf şiir, sembolizm ve empresyonizm kavramları etrafında değerlendirilerek anlamlandırılmaya çalışılır. Fransız saf şiir ve sembolizm temsilcilerinin Ahmet Haşim üzerindeki etkileri ve ilhamı da Haşim’in şiirinin çözümlenmesinde bir yol haritası teşkil eder. Çalışmanın amacı; Ahmet Haşim’in “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” başlıklı makalesinden yola çıkarak -şairlerin ve edebiyat araştırmacılarının görüşleri çerçevesinde- Ahmet Haşim’in poetikasını değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada, Ahmet Haşim’in poetikasını oluştururken etkilendiği kaynaklar ve bu etkilenmelerin değerlendirmeleri ele alınmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler Ahmet Haşim, poetika, sembolizm, saf şiir, Fransız şiiri
Kaynakça Akyüz, Kenan (1996). Modern Türk Edebiyatının Ana Çizgileri 1960-1923. İstanbul: İnkılâp Kitabevi. Arslan, Fahrettin (2020). “Salt Şiir: Valéry’den Edgar Poe’ya”. Frankofoni, 36: 133-143. Ayvazoğlu, Beşir (2002). Ömrüm Benim Bir Ateşti. İstanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat. Banarlı, Nihad Sami (1997). Yahya Kemal’in Hatıraları. İstanbul: İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti Yahya Kemal Enstitüsü. Banarlı, Nihad Sami (2019). Resimli Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi. Ankara: Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları. Bezirci, Asım (1986). Ahmet Haşim. İstanbul: İnkılâp Kitabevi. Enginün, İnci ve Kerman, Zeynep (2011). Yeni Türk Edebiyatı Metinleri-4 Eser Tanıtma ve Önsözler (1860- 1923). İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Erbay, Erdoğan (2017). “Bence Haşim'in Şiiri, İnsanın Tek Başına Yüklendiği Hüznün Şiiridir”. Hece Dergisi Ahmet Haşim Özel Sayısı, 241: 324-329. Ercilasun, Bilge (1992). “Ahmet Haşim'in Sanatı”. Doğumunun Yüzüncü Yılında Ahmet Hâşim. Ankara: Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu. Ercilasun, Bilge (1997). Yeni Türk Edebiyatı Üzerine İncelemeler 1. Ankara: Akçağ Yayınları. Ercilasun, Bilge (2013). İkinci Meşrutiyet Devrinde Tenkit. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Göktürk, Akşit (1997). Okuma Uğraşı: Yazın Metninin Kavranışında Okur-Metin-Yazar. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları. Haşim, Ahmet (1969). Üç Eser. Haz. Mehmet Kaplan. İstanbul: MEB Yayınları. Haşim, Ahmet (1991a). Bütün Eserleri- Frankfurt Seyahatnamesi, Mektuplar- Mülakatlar. Haz. İnci Enginün ve Zeynep Kerman. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Haşim, Ahmet (1991b). Gurabahâne-i Laklakan- Diğer Yazıları. Haz. İnci Enginün ve Zeynep Kerman. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Haşim, Ahmet (2021). Ahmet Haşim Bütün Şiirleri. Haz. İnci Enginün ve Zeynep Kerman. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Hisar, Abdülhak Şinasi (1979). Ahmet Haşim-Yahya Kemâl’e Vedâ. İstanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat. Hulusi, Şerif (1947). Ahmet Haşim Hayatı-Şiirleri. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. İlhan, Nilüfer (2021). “Ahmet Haşim’in Şiirlerine Hafiflik ve Ağırlık İmgeleri Merkezinde Bir Yaklaşım”. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 8(17): 137-155. Kacıroğlu, Murat (2021). Edebî Babanın Peşinde: Etkilenme Endişesi Açısından Ahmet Haşim’in Poetik Yazıları. Konya: Çizgi Kitabevi. Kaplan, Mehmet (1992). Âli’ye Mektuplar. Haz. Zeynep Kerman ve İnci Enginün. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Kaplan, Mehmet (1994). Şiir Tahlilleri 1. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Karaosmanoğlu, Yakup Kadri (2004). Ahmet Haşim. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Kerman, Zeynep (1998). Yeni Türk Edebiyatı İncelemeleri. Ankara: Akçağ Yayınları. Kerman, Zeynep (2022). Tanpınar’ın Mektupları. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Okay, Orhan (1976). “Ahmed Haşim’in Şiirlerinin Sembolizm Açısından Yorumu”. Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Dergisi. 22: 191-203. Okay, Orhan (1989). “Ahmet Haşim”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, C.2. İstanbul: TDV, 88-89. Okay, Orhan (1992). “Yirminci Yüzyılın Başından Cumhuriyete Yeni Türk Şiiri (1900-1923)”. Türk Dili Dil ve Edebiyat Dergisi Türk Şiiri Özel Sayısı IV (Çağdaş Türk Şiiri), 481-482: 286-312. Okay, Orhan (2015). Sanat ve Edebiyat Yazıları. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Okay, Orhan (2017). “Saf Şiir Tarzında Yazmayı, Henüz Adını Vermeden Asıl Benimseyen Haşim’dir”. Hece Dergisi Ahmet Haşim Özel Sayısı, 241: 298-301. Özmen, Kemal (2016). Modern Türk Şiirinde Fransız Etkileri. İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık. Özmen, Kemal (2017). “Haşim’i İçinde Yaşadığı ve Tanığı Olduğu Büyük Tarihsel Kırılma ve Dönüşümlerin Dışında Kaldığı İçin Eleştirebiliriz. Ancak Bu Durum Şiirine Nesnel Bir Bakışla Yaklaşmamızı Engellemez”. Hece Dergisi Ahmet Haşim Özel Sayısı, 241: 321-323. Parlatır, İsmail (1992). “Ahmet Haşim'in Şiirinde Karamsarlık”. Doğumunun Yüzüncü Yılında Ahmet Hâşim. Ankara: Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu. Tanpınar, Ahmet Hamdi (1995). Edebiyat Üzerine Makaleler. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Tanpınar, Ahmet Hamdi (2002). Mücevherlerin Sırrı: Derlenmemiş Yazılar, Anket ve Röportajlar. Haz. İlyas Dirin vd. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları. Tanpınar, Ahmet Hamdi (2014). Edebiyat Dersleri. Haz. Abdullah Uçman. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Tanpınar, Ahmet Hamdi (2016). Hep O Boşluk: Denemeler Mektuplar Röportajlar. Haz. Erol Gökşen. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Tunç, Gökhan (2020). “Alımlama Kuramı ve Ahmet Haşim’in ‘Yarı Yol’ Şiiri”. Yeni Türk Edebiyatı Araştırmaları. 12(23): 285-302. Tural, Sadık Kemâl (1992). “Ahmet Haşim'in Hayatının Ana Çizgileri”. Doğumunun Yüzüncü Yılında Ahmet Hâşim. Ankara: Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu. Uçman, Abdullah (2017). “Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışı Üzerine Birkaç Söz”. Hece Dergisi Ahmet Haşim Özel Sayısı, 241: 20-23. Yahya Kemal (1997). Edebiyata Dair. İstanbul: İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti.
Poetical Approaches to Ahmet Haşim's Understanding of Poetry within the Framework of "Some Considerations About Poetry” Yıl 2024, Sayı: 21, 242 – 266, 10.06.2024
Güngör Şahin
https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1463149
Öz Ahmet Haşim’s poem titled “Bir Günün Sonunda Arzu” published in the April 15, 1921 issue of the Dergâh magazine, caused a great stir in the literary world. After “Göl Saatleri” Ahmet Haşim transitioned to a noteworthy phase in his poetry, which garnered mocking articles and criticisms in magazines and newspapers. His poem was criticized for being vague, meaningless, and lacking coherence. In response to these criticisms, Ahmet Haşim published an article titled “Şiirde Mâna” in the Dergâh magazine on August 5, 1921, expressing his views on poetry. This article, which forms the basis of the aesthetic views of pure poetry advocates, was later published with some modifications as the preface to the poetry book Piyale in 1926 under the title “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” Ahmet Haşim’s essay, in response to criticisms of his poem “Bir Günün Sonunda Arzu” constitutes a poetic defense centered around the concepts of “meaning” and “coherence.” Haşim’s poetics were later interpreted and contextualized around the concepts of pure poetry, symbolism, and impressionism. The influences and inspirations of French pure poetry and symbolism representatives on Ahmet Haşim also serve as a roadmap in analyzing his poetry. The aim of study is to evaluate Ahmet Haşim’s poetics based on his article titled “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” taking into account the opinions of poets and literary researchers. This study discusses the sources that influenced Ahmet Haşim’s poetics and evaluates these influences within the framework of his work.
Anahtar Kelimeler Ahmet Haşim, poetics, symbolism, pure poetry, French poetry
Kaynakça Akyüz, Kenan (1996). Modern Türk Edebiyatının Ana Çizgileri 1960-1923. İstanbul: İnkılâp Kitabevi. Arslan, Fahrettin (2020). “Salt Şiir: Valéry’den Edgar Poe’ya”. Frankofoni, 36: 133-143. Ayvazoğlu, Beşir (2002). Ömrüm Benim Bir Ateşti. İstanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat. Banarlı, Nihad Sami (1997). Yahya Kemal’in Hatıraları. İstanbul: İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti Yahya Kemal Enstitüsü. Banarlı, Nihad Sami (2019). Resimli Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi. Ankara: Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları. Bezirci, Asım (1986). Ahmet Haşim. İstanbul: İnkılâp Kitabevi. Enginün, İnci ve Kerman, Zeynep (2011). Yeni Türk Edebiyatı Metinleri-4 Eser Tanıtma ve Önsözler (1860- 1923). İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Erbay, Erdoğan (2017). “Bence Haşim'in Şiiri, İnsanın Tek Başına Yüklendiği Hüznün Şiiridir”. Hece Dergisi Ahmet Haşim Özel Sayısı, 241: 324-329. Ercilasun, Bilge (1992). “Ahmet Haşim'in Sanatı”. Doğumunun Yüzüncü Yılında Ahmet Hâşim. Ankara: Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu. Ercilasun, Bilge (1997). Yeni Türk Edebiyatı Üzerine İncelemeler 1. Ankara: Akçağ Yayınları. Ercilasun, Bilge (2013). İkinci Meşrutiyet Devrinde Tenkit. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Göktürk, Akşit (1997). Okuma Uğraşı: Yazın Metninin Kavranışında Okur-Metin-Yazar. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları. Haşim, Ahmet (1969). Üç Eser. Haz. Mehmet Kaplan. İstanbul: MEB Yayınları. Haşim, Ahmet (1991a). Bütün Eserleri- Frankfurt Seyahatnamesi, Mektuplar- Mülakatlar. Haz. İnci Enginün ve Zeynep Kerman. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Haşim, Ahmet (1991b). Gurabahâne-i Laklakan- Diğer Yazıları. Haz. İnci Enginün ve Zeynep Kerman. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Haşim, Ahmet (2021). Ahmet Haşim Bütün Şiirleri. Haz. İnci Enginün ve Zeynep Kerman. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Hisar, Abdülhak Şinasi (1979). Ahmet Haşim-Yahya Kemâl’e Vedâ. İstanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat. Hulusi, Şerif (1947). Ahmet Haşim Hayatı-Şiirleri. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. İlhan, Nilüfer (2021). “Ahmet Haşim’in Şiirlerine Hafiflik ve Ağırlık İmgeleri Merkezinde Bir Yaklaşım”. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 8(17): 137-155. Kacıroğlu, Murat (2021). Edebî Babanın Peşinde: Etkilenme Endişesi Açısından Ahmet Haşim’in Poetik Yazıları. Konya: Çizgi Kitabevi. Kaplan, Mehmet (1992). Âli’ye Mektuplar. Haz. Zeynep Kerman ve İnci Enginün. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Kaplan, Mehmet (1994). Şiir Tahlilleri 1. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Karaosmanoğlu, Yakup Kadri (2004). Ahmet Haşim. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. Kerman, Zeynep (1998). Yeni Türk Edebiyatı İncelemeleri. Ankara: Akçağ Yayınları. Kerman, Zeynep (2022). Tanpınar’ın Mektupları. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Okay, Orhan (1976). “Ahmed Haşim’in Şiirlerinin Sembolizm Açısından Yorumu”. Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Dergisi. 22: 191-203. Okay, Orhan (1989). “Ahmet Haşim”. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, C.2. İstanbul: TDV, 88-89. Okay, Orhan (1992). “Yirminci Yüzyılın Başından Cumhuriyete Yeni Türk Şiiri (1900-1923)”. Türk Dili Dil ve Edebiyat Dergisi Türk Şiiri Özel Sayısı IV (Çağdaş Türk Şiiri), 481-482: 286-312. Okay, Orhan (2015). Sanat ve Edebiyat Yazıları. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Okay, Orhan (2017). “Saf Şiir Tarzında Yazmayı, Henüz Adını Vermeden Asıl Benimseyen Haşim’dir”. Hece Dergisi Ahmet Haşim Özel Sayısı, 241: 298-301. Özmen, Kemal (2016). Modern Türk Şiirinde Fransız Etkileri. İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık. Özmen, Kemal (2017). “Haşim’i İçinde Yaşadığı ve Tanığı Olduğu Büyük Tarihsel Kırılma ve Dönüşümlerin Dışında Kaldığı İçin Eleştirebiliriz. Ancak Bu Durum Şiirine Nesnel Bir Bakışla Yaklaşmamızı Engellemez”. Hece Dergisi Ahmet Haşim Özel Sayısı, 241: 321-323. Parlatır, İsmail (1992). “Ahmet Haşim'in Şiirinde Karamsarlık”. Doğumunun Yüzüncü Yılında Ahmet Hâşim. Ankara: Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu. Tanpınar, Ahmet Hamdi (1995). Edebiyat Üzerine Makaleler. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Tanpınar, Ahmet Hamdi (2002). Mücevherlerin Sırrı: Derlenmemiş Yazılar, Anket ve Röportajlar. Haz. İlyas Dirin vd. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları. Tanpınar, Ahmet Hamdi (2014). Edebiyat Dersleri. Haz. Abdullah Uçman. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Tanpınar, Ahmet Hamdi (2016). Hep O Boşluk: Denemeler Mektuplar Röportajlar. Haz. Erol Gökşen. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Tunç, Gökhan (2020). “Alımlama Kuramı ve Ahmet Haşim’in ‘Yarı Yol’ Şiiri”. Yeni Türk Edebiyatı Araştırmaları. 12(23): 285-302. Tural, Sadık Kemâl (1992). “Ahmet Haşim'in Hayatının Ana Çizgileri”. Doğumunun Yüzüncü Yılında Ahmet Hâşim. Ankara: Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu. Uçman, Abdullah (2017). “Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışı Üzerine Birkaç Söz”. Hece Dergisi Ahmet Haşim Özel Sayısı, 241: 20-23. Yahya Kemal (1997). Edebiyata Dair. İstanbul: İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti. Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Türkiye Sahası Yeni Türk Edebiyatı Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri Yazarlar Güngör Şahin MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TÜRKİYAT ARAŞTIRMALARI ENSTİTÜSÜ, YENİ TÜRK EDEBİYATI (DR) 0009-0000-4778-244X Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 5 Haziran 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Nisan 2024 Kabul Tarihi 5 Mayıs 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 21
Kaynak Göster APA Şahin, G. (2024). “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi (21 ), 242-266. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1463149 AMA Şahin G. “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar. KAD. Haziran 2024;(21):242-266. doi:10.46250/kulturder.1463149 Chicago Şahin, Güngör. “‘Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar’ Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, sy. 21 (Haziran 2024): 242-66. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1463149. EndNote Şahin G (01 Haziran 2024) “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi 21 242–266. IEEE G. Şahin, “‘Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar’ Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar”, KAD , sy. 21, ss. 242–266, Haziran 2024, doi: 10.46250/kulturder.1463149. ISNAD Şahin, Güngör. “‘Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar’ Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi 21 (Haziran 2024), 242-266. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1463149. JAMA Şahin G. “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar. KAD . 2024;:242–266. MLA Şahin, Güngör. “‘Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar’ Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, sy. 21, 2024, ss. 242-66, doi:10.46250/kulturder.1463149. Vancouver Şahin G. “Şiir Hakkında Bazı Mülahazalar” Çerçevesinde Ahmet Haşim’in Şiir Anlayışına Poetik Yaklaşımlar. KAD. 2024(21):242-66.
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