Tarımsal İlaçlamalarda Uygulayıcıya Olan Pestisit Bulaşmaları

Yıl 1998, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 129 – 136, 01.12.1998

Aysel TÜCER

Öz

Uygulayıcılar deri, soluma ve ağız yoluyla pestisit bulaşmasına maruz kalabilir. Deri yoluyla meydana gelen bulaşmalar en fazladır. Uygulayıcıya olan bulaşmalar , kullanılan ekipman tipinden, ilaçlama hacminden ve kullanılan kimyasalın tipinden … vb etkilenebilir.
Uygulayıcıya olan pestisit bulaşmaları eldiven, maske, bot, uzun kollu tişört ve pantolon gibi koruyucu elbise ve ekipman kullanımı ile oldukça azaltılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Operatör Bulaşmaları, Uygulama, Pestisit

Kaynakça

• Alt, N.,1996. Standardization of Plant Protection Equipment in the EU: Aspects of Pollution Control. EPPO/ OEPP Bulletin, 26 (1): 13-16.
• Abbott, I. M., Bonsall, J. L., Chester G., Hart, T.B. and Turnbull, G. J„ 1987. Worker Exposure to a Herbicid Applied With Ground Sprayers in the United Kingdom. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 48.
• Chester, G., 1993. Operator exposure to pesticides, Application Technology' for Crop Protection. Edited: GA Matthews; E.C. Hislop, CAB International p.359. UK.
• Durand. R. N., Pascol, R and Bingham, W., 1984. The Hand-Held Electrodyn Sprayer : an Operational Tool for Better Crop Managment in Development Countries. Proceeding 1984, British Crop Protection Conference. Pest and Disease3, 1083-1090.
• Efe, E., Hodsuu. M., Jepson, R, 1995. Yeni Sprey Teknikleri İle Hedef Alınan Zararlılar Elimine Edilirken Pestisitlerin Çevreye Olan Riskinin Azaltılması. Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü. Bilimsel Araştırma ve İnceleme Yayın No:55.
• FAO, 1994. FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin 112/1. Pesticide Application Equipment For Use in Agriculture, Vol.l. Manually carried equipment. Rome.
• Frenske, R.A, 1987. Assessment of Dermal Exposure to Pesticides: a comparison Of the Patch Technique and Video-imaging/ Fluorescent Tracer Technique. In Sixth International Congress on Pesticide Cliemistrv, IUPAC, p. 579-82.
• Kieczka, H., 1996. Requirements for Safeguarding The Health of Applicators of Plant Protection Products-an Overwiev, EPPO/ OEPP Bulletm.26,1,111-116.
• Lodos, N.,1983. Türkiye Entomolojisi I. E.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınlan No: 282. Cilt I (Genişletilmiş II. Basım), 364 s., Bornova , İzmir.
• Lundehn, J. R., Westphal, D., Kieczka, H., Krebs, B. Bolz, S. L., MaasfelcfW. and Pick, E. D., 1991. Uniform Principles for Safeguarding The Health of Applicators of Plant Protection Products (Uniform Principles for Operator Protection), Berlin, 112 p.
• Matthews. G. A., 1994. Pesticide Application in Relation to Integrated Pest Management. Insect Sci. Applic. Vol.15, No.6, pp.599-604,
• Menzel, D. B and Amdur, M.O., 1986. Toxic responses of the respiratory Toronto, London p. 343.
• Sutherland, J. A., King, W. J., Dobson H. M.. Ingram, W. R., Attique, M.R. and Sanjram, W., 1990. Effect of application volume and method on spray operator contamination by insecticide during cotton spraying. Crop Protection, Vol.9. 343-350.
• Thornhill, E. and Taylor, W.A, 1998. The Performance of Knapsack Sprayers When Judged by the British (BS7411) and Propesed International Standart, BCPC Symposium Proceeding No: 70, Managing Pesticide Waste and Packaking.
• Wahdan, I. A. O., 1992. Low Volume Spray in Vineyards. Msc. Thesis. Silsoc College, UK (unpublished).
• Wygoda, H. and Rıetz, S., 1996. Plant Protection Equipment in Glasshouses. EPPO/ OEPP Bulletin, 26(l):87-93.
• Yağcıoğlu, K. 1993. Bitki Koruma Makineleri, E.Ü. Ziıaat Fakültesi Yayınlan No: 508, 338 s.. Bornova, İzmir.
• Zeren, O.. İspir, T. ve ZerenY., 1990. Uçak İlaçlamalarında Kullanılan Cypermethrin İlacının Plot, Makinist ve Flamacılar Üzerindeki Olumsuz etkilerinin Araştırılması, Proje 1989 yılı çalışma raporu. Adana Zirai Mücadele Araştırma Enstitüsü, Adana.

The Operator Exposure to Pesticides in Agricultural Applications

Yıl 1998, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 129 – 136, 01.12.1998

Aysel TÜCER

Öz

Operators may be exposed to pesticides through by dermal, inhalation and oral. Exposure is usually greatest by the dermal route. The operator contamination can be effected type of equipment used, spraying volume and type of product . ..etc.
Operator exposure can be considerably reduced by wearing protective clothing or equipment, such as gloves, face shield, long trousers, long -sleeved shirst and boots.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Operator Exposure, Application, Pesticide

Kaynakça

• Alt, N.,1996. Standardization of Plant Protection Equipment in the EU: Aspects of Pollution Control. EPPO/ OEPP Bulletin, 26 (1): 13-16.
• Abbott, I. M., Bonsall, J. L., Chester G., Hart, T.B. and Turnbull, G. J„ 1987. Worker Exposure to a Herbicid Applied With Ground Sprayers in the United Kingdom. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 48.
• Chester, G., 1993. Operator exposure to pesticides, Application Technology' for Crop Protection. Edited: GA Matthews; E.C. Hislop, CAB International p.359. UK.
• Durand. R. N., Pascol, R and Bingham, W., 1984. The Hand-Held Electrodyn Sprayer : an Operational Tool for Better Crop Managment in Development Countries. Proceeding 1984, British Crop Protection Conference. Pest and Disease3, 1083-1090.
• Efe, E., Hodsuu. M., Jepson, R, 1995. Yeni Sprey Teknikleri İle Hedef Alınan Zararlılar Elimine Edilirken Pestisitlerin Çevreye Olan Riskinin Azaltılması. Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü. Bilimsel Araştırma ve İnceleme Yayın No:55.
• FAO, 1994. FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin 112/1. Pesticide Application Equipment For Use in Agriculture, Vol.l. Manually carried equipment. Rome.
• Frenske, R.A, 1987. Assessment of Dermal Exposure to Pesticides: a comparison Of the Patch Technique and Video-imaging/ Fluorescent Tracer Technique. In Sixth International Congress on Pesticide Cliemistrv, IUPAC, p. 579-82.
• Kieczka, H., 1996. Requirements for Safeguarding The Health of Applicators of Plant Protection Products-an Overwiev, EPPO/ OEPP Bulletm.26,1,111-116.
• Lodos, N.,1983. Türkiye Entomolojisi I. E.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınlan No: 282. Cilt I (Genişletilmiş II. Basım), 364 s., Bornova , İzmir.
• Lundehn, J. R., Westphal, D., Kieczka, H., Krebs, B. Bolz, S. L., MaasfelcfW. and Pick, E. D., 1991. Uniform Principles for Safeguarding The Health of Applicators of Plant Protection Products (Uniform Principles for Operator Protection), Berlin, 112 p.
• Matthews. G. A., 1994. Pesticide Application in Relation to Integrated Pest Management. Insect Sci. Applic. Vol.15, No.6, pp.599-604,
• Menzel, D. B and Amdur, M.O., 1986. Toxic responses of the respiratory Toronto, London p. 343.
• Sutherland, J. A., King, W. J., Dobson H. M.. Ingram, W. R., Attique, M.R. and Sanjram, W., 1990. Effect of application volume and method on spray operator contamination by insecticide during cotton spraying. Crop Protection, Vol.9. 343-350.
• Thornhill, E. and Taylor, W.A, 1998. The Performance of Knapsack Sprayers When Judged by the British (BS7411) and Propesed International Standart, BCPC Symposium Proceeding No: 70, Managing Pesticide Waste and Packaking.
• Wahdan, I. A. O., 1992. Low Volume Spray in Vineyards. Msc. Thesis. Silsoc College, UK (unpublished).
• Wygoda, H. and Rıetz, S., 1996. Plant Protection Equipment in Glasshouses. EPPO/ OEPP Bulletin, 26(l):87-93.
• Yağcıoğlu, K. 1993. Bitki Koruma Makineleri, E.Ü. Ziıaat Fakültesi Yayınlan No: 508, 338 s.. Bornova, İzmir.
• Zeren, O.. İspir, T. ve ZerenY., 1990. Uçak İlaçlamalarında Kullanılan Cypermethrin İlacının Plot, Makinist ve Flamacılar Üzerindeki Olumsuz etkilerinin Araştırılması, Proje 1989 yılı çalışma raporu. Adana Zirai Mücadele Araştırma Enstitüsü, Adana.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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