The Evaluation of Local Commercial Typologies Based On Adaptive Reuse Models: (Tabriz Bazaar)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 652 – 677, 30.07.2024

Elnaz Farjamı Shabnam Golkarıan

https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1427134

Öz

Modernleşmenin gelişiminden bu yana, İslam ülkeleri miras niteliğinde olan yapılarında önemli değişiklikler yaşamıştır. En önemli kültür yapılarından biri olan Çarşı, insanların kimliğini şekillendirmiş ve sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik ve politik bir rol oynamıştır. Sonuç olarak, modernleşmeye bağlı olarak şehrin genişlemesi ve yeni ticaret merkezlerinin artması sonucu, Çarşı’nın önemli işlevlerinin dağılımını etkilemiş, değerlerinin ve yeni nesillerin hayatındaki sosyal rollerinin azalmasına neden olmuştur. Miras yapılarının gelecek nesillere hizmet edecek şekilde sürdürülebilirliği, kültürel sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımı olarak dünya çapında uyarlanabilir; yeniden kullanım modelleri kullanılarak sağlanabilir. Bu çalışma, rehabilitasyon potansiyeline ulaşmak için kültürel sürdürülebilirlik ve uyarlanabilir düşüncesinden hareketle, yeniden kullanım modellerine dayalı olarak Tebriz Çarşısı’nı değerlendirmek için SWOT analizini kullanılmaktadır. Gömülü teori, İran’ın Tebriz kentinde tarihsel tipolojiye odaklanan ARM’leri (uyarlanabilir yeniden kullanım modelleri) seçmek için nitel bir araştırma yöntemi olarak kullanıldı. Nicel araştırma yöntemi temel alınarak, ARM araştırma yöntemi ile değerlendirilmek üzere durum çalışması olarak Tebriz Ground Bazaar seçilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rehabilitasyon, Tebriz Çarşısı, uyarlanabilir yeniden kullanım modeli (ARM), ticari tipoloji, sürdürülebilirlik.

Kaynakça

  • Ashworth, G. J. (1997). Conservation as preservation or as heritage: two paradigms and two answers. Built Environment (1978-), 92-102. Access Address: https://www.jstor.org/stable/23288309
  • Ashworth, G.J. & Tunbridge, J.E. (1990). The Tourist-Historic City. London: Belhaven Press.
  • Blagojević, M. R. & Tufegdžić, A. (2016). The new technology era requirements and sustainable approach to industrial heritage renewal. Energy and Buildings, 115, 148-153. DOI: http://10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.07.062
  • Bullen, P. A. & Love, P. E. (2010). The rhetoric of adaptive reuse or reality of demolition: Views from the field. Cities, 27(4), 215-224. DOI: http://10.1016/j.cities.2009.12.005
  • Bullen, P. A. & Love, P. E. (2011). Adaptive reuse of heritage buildings. Structural Survey, 29(5), 411-421
  • Conejos, S., Langston, C. & Smith, J. (2014). Designing for better building adaptability: A comparison of adaptSTAR and ARP models. Habitat International, 41, 85-91. DOI: http://10.1016/j.habitatint.2013.07.002
  • DETR, B. (2000). Our Towns and Cities: the future, London: HMSO. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/muen.2001.145.1.69
  • Deriu, D., Turan Özkaya, B., & Piccoli, E. (2016). Travels in Architectural History. Architectural Histories, 4(1), 19, pp.  1–7, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ah.234
  • Douglas, J. (2006). Building adaptation. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080458519
  • European Union. (2020). A Policy Brief from the Policy Learning Platform on Environment and resource efficiency Built Cultural Heritage. Access Address (20.06.2022) https://www.interregeurope.eu/sites/default/files/inline/Policy_brief_on_built_cultural_heritage.pdfEuropean
  • Union. (2020). A policy brief from the policy learning platform on environment and resource efficiency Built Cultural Heritage. Access Address (06.10.2021): :https://www.interregeurope.eu/sites/default/files/inline/2018- 10-16_PB_on_Food_waste.pdf
  • Fakuhi, N. (2014). One hundred and one questions of culture. Tehran: Tisa Publications, 1st edition. Access Address (11.07.2021): https://jwsps.alzahra.ac.ir/article_3084.html
  • Farjami, E. (2021). Framework for certified adaptive reuse of heritage buildings (PhD Thesis). Architecture faculty, Eastern Mediterranean University- North Cyprus. Accessed from database Access Address (12.11.2021): (https://www.emu.edu.tr/library/118901167.pdf). (https://www.emu.edu.tr/en/search/1189? search_option=site&k=elnaz+farjami).
  • Farjami, E., Türker, Ö. O. (2021). The extraction of prerequisite criteria for environmentally certified adaptive reuse of heritage buildings. Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063536
  • Foster, N. (2020). Norman. Foster 40: Projects. Munich: Prestel, 2007. 148. Access Address (14.06.2022): https://www.fosterandpartners.com/news/archive/2007/11/prestel-publishes-foster-40/
  • Golkarian, Sh. (2021a). The impact of modernization on the traditional commercial typologies in the Tabriz region (PhD Thesis). Architecture faculty, Near East University. Access Address (13.12.2021): (http://docs.neu.edu.tr/library/8899701192.pdf)
  • Golkarian, Sh. (2021b). Cultural challenges between local and Western commercial typologies (case study: Tabriz bazaar based on Ahi Evran Culture). Current Direction in Architecture, Turkey: Dergi Park, Milli Folklor Press. Volume 17: Issue 132, 179 – 197. Access Address (20.04.2022): https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/millifolklor/issue/66376/904284
  • ICOMOS. (1964). The Venice charter: international charter for conservation and restoration of monuments and sites. ICOMOS, Paris. Access Address (18.02.2020): https://www.icomos.org/en/participer/179-articles-en- francais/ressources/charters-and-standards/157-thevenice-charter
  • ICOMOS. (2000). International Council on Monuments and Sites. The Burra Charter: the Australia ICOMOS charter for places of cultural significance 2013. Access Address (28.11.2019): https://australia.icomos.org/publications/burra-charter-practice-notes/
  • ICOMOS. (2013). The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance.
  • Idemen, A. E., Şener, S. M. & Acar, E. (2016). Assessing the adaptive re-use potential of buildings as part of the disaster management process. International Journal of Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 10(3), 433-439. Access Address (19.08.2019): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309126777_Assessing_the_adaptive_re- use_potential_of_buildings_in_emergencies_Analysis_of_architectural_design_factors
  • Kerr, W. (2004). Adaptive Reuse. Preserving Our Past, Building Our Future. Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage. Australia. Access Address (09.12.2020): https://www.agriculture.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/adaptive-reuse.pdf
  • Langston, C. A. (2010). Green Adaptive Reuse: Issues and strategies for the built environment. In International Conference on Sustainable Construction & Risk Management (pp. 1165-1173). Chongqing Jiaotong University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02630800110412480
  • Langston, C., Yung, E. H. K. & Chan, E. H. W. (2013). The application of ARP modelling to adaptive reuse projects in Hong Kong. Habitat International, 40, 233-243. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2013.05.002
  • Langston, C. (2014). Designing for future adaptive reuse. In Sustainable Building Adaptation: Innovations in Decision-Making (pp. 250-272). Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1002/9781118477151
  • Latham, D. (1999). Creative reuse: working with the building. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 5(2), 7-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.1999.10785240
  • Law, C. M. (1993). Urban Tourism: Attracting Visitors to Large Cities. London: Mansell Publishing.
  • Lichfield, N. (2009). Economics in urban conservation. Cambridge Books.
  • Mazaheri, N. (2006). State Repression in the Iranian Bazaar, 1975-1977: The anti-profiteering campaign and an impending revolution. Iran Study, Volume: 3(39), pp.401-414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00210860600808250
  • Poulios, I. (2011). Is every heritage site a living one? linking conservation to communities' association with sites. The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice, 2(2), 144-156. DOI: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/175675011X13122044136550
  • Plevoets, B. & Cleempoel, K. (2011). Adaptive reuse as a strategy towards conservation of cultural heritage: a survey of 19th and 20th century theories. The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice, 2(3), 287-305.
  • Rodrigues, C. & Freire, F. (2017). Adaptive reuse of buildings: Eco-efficiency assessment of retrofit strategies for alternative uses of a historic building. Journal of Cleaner Production, 157, 94-105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.104.
  • Rodwell, D. (2008). Conservation and sustainability in historic cities. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Ryu, C. & Kwon, Y. (2021). Elements that affect foreign tourists’ satisfaction: A case study in Seoul, Korea. Urban Design International, 26, 197-207. Access Address (15.03.2022): https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41289- 021-00161-x
  • Snyder, G. H. (2005). Sustainability through adaptive reuse: the conversion of industrial buildings (PhD Thesis). University of Birmingham. Access Address (21.06.2018): https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_olink/r/1501/10? clear=10&p10_accession_num=ucin1115644591
  • Sokol’skii, V. (1912). Printsipy ekonomichnosti v stroitel’nom dele [Economic Principles in Construction]. St. Petersburg: Tip. Usmanova. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16995/ah.8287
  • Tash, R. (2006). The Analysis Studies and the Preparation of a New Comprehensive Master Plan of the Ring and Urban Space of the City Centre. Mashhad: Consulting Engineering of Tash.
  • UNESCO. (2009a). Hoi protocols for best conservation practice in Asia: Professional guidelines for assuring and preserving the authenticity of heritage sites in the context of the cultures of Asia. Bangkok: UNESCO. Access Address (20.06.2022): https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000182617
  • UNESCO. (2009b). Executive Summary, Tabriz Historical Bazaar Complex, Nomination of Properties for Inclusion on the World Heritage list. Access Address (10.03.2022): http://whc.SHARİFİ.org/uploads/nominations/1346.pdf
  • Vasilache, C., Schaefer, I. W. W., Glumac, B. B., & Han, Q. Q. (2013). Sustainable Building Reuse Understanding user preferences for the housing market. Exploring Energy Neutral Development Part 3 TU/e, 249 (Master Thesis). Eindhoven University of Technology. Access Address (16.04.2013): http://alexandria.tue.nl/extra2/afstversl/bwk/761233.pdf
  • Vronskaya, A. (2021). Modernism and mobilization: From Viktor Sokolsky’s economic principle to the Narkomfin building. Architectural Histories, 10(1): 10, pp. 1–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16995/ah.8287
  • Wilkinson, S. (2011). The relationship between building adaptation and property attributes (PhD Thesis). Deakin University. Access Address (09.11.2020): https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sara-Wilkinson- 2/publication/305059245_The_relationship_between_building_adaptation_and_property_attributes/links/5 78d41ef08ae59aa668159d1/The-relationship-between-building-adaptation-and-property-attributes.pdf
  • Wilkinson, S. J. (2012). Back to the future: Heritage buildings, adaptation and sustainability in the Melbourne central business district. Historic Environment, 24(2), 7-13. Access address (22.02.2019): https://www.academia.edu/1803239/Back_the_Future_Heritage_Buildings_adaptation_and_sustainability_i n_the_Melbourne_CBD
  • Wilkinson, S. (2014). The preliminary assessment of adaptation potential in existing office buildings. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 18(1), 77-87.
  • Weiler, K. & Gutschow, N. (Eds.). (2016). Authenticity in architectural heritage conservation: discourses, opinions, experiences in Europe, South, and East Asia: Springer.
  • Zhang, T., Xu, H. & Wang, C. (2022). Self-adaptability and topological deformation of Ganlan architectural heritage: Conservation and regeneration of Lianghekou Tujia village in Western Hubei, China. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 11(5), 865-876.

The Evaluation of Local Commercial Typologies Based On Adaptive Reuse Models: (Tabriz Bazaar)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 652 – 677, 30.07.2024

Elnaz Farjamı Shabnam Golkarıan

https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1427134

Öz

The modernization of Islamic countries has brought significant changes to heritage buildings, particularly in construction and architecture. The Bazaar, as one of the most important heritage buildings, has played a crucial role in shaping people’s identity, culture, and political, economic, and social characteristics. However, the development of new trade centers and the city’s expansion after the Industrial Revolution caused a shift in the Bazaar’s functions, resulting in its loss of values and social roles in the lives of new generations. To preserve heritage buildings for future generations, cultural sustainability approaches have been considered, and adaptive reuse models are being used worldwide. This study focuses on historical typology in Tabriz, Iran, and uses adaptive reuse models (ARMs) to evaluate the Tabriz Ground Bazaar based on cultural sustainability. The study aims to achieve the potential of rehabilitation by utilizing the SWOT analysis. The selection of Tabriz Ground Bazaar as the case study was based on the quantitative research methodology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rehabilitation, Tabriz Bazaar, adaptive reuse model (ARM), commercial typology, sustainability.

Kaynakça

  • Ashworth, G. J. (1997). Conservation as preservation or as heritage: two paradigms and two answers. Built Environment (1978-), 92-102. Access Address: https://www.jstor.org/stable/23288309
  • Ashworth, G.J. & Tunbridge, J.E. (1990). The Tourist-Historic City. London: Belhaven Press.
  • Blagojević, M. R. & Tufegdžić, A. (2016). The new technology era requirements and sustainable approach to industrial heritage renewal. Energy and Buildings, 115, 148-153. DOI: http://10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.07.062
  • Bullen, P. A. & Love, P. E. (2010). The rhetoric of adaptive reuse or reality of demolition: Views from the field. Cities, 27(4), 215-224. DOI: http://10.1016/j.cities.2009.12.005
  • Bullen, P. A. & Love, P. E. (2011). Adaptive reuse of heritage buildings. Structural Survey, 29(5), 411-421
  • Conejos, S., Langston, C. & Smith, J. (2014). Designing for better building adaptability: A comparison of adaptSTAR and ARP models. Habitat International, 41, 85-91. DOI: http://10.1016/j.habitatint.2013.07.002
  • DETR, B. (2000). Our Towns and Cities: the future, London: HMSO. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/muen.2001.145.1.69
  • Deriu, D., Turan Özkaya, B., & Piccoli, E. (2016). Travels in Architectural History. Architectural Histories, 4(1), 19, pp.  1–7, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ah.234
  • Douglas, J. (2006). Building adaptation. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080458519
  • European Union. (2020). A Policy Brief from the Policy Learning Platform on Environment and resource efficiency Built Cultural Heritage. Access Address (20.06.2022) https://www.interregeurope.eu/sites/default/files/inline/Policy_brief_on_built_cultural_heritage.pdfEuropean
  • Union. (2020). A policy brief from the policy learning platform on environment and resource efficiency Built Cultural Heritage. Access Address (06.10.2021): :https://www.interregeurope.eu/sites/default/files/inline/2018- 10-16_PB_on_Food_waste.pdf
  • Fakuhi, N. (2014). One hundred and one questions of culture. Tehran: Tisa Publications, 1st edition. Access Address (11.07.2021): https://jwsps.alzahra.ac.ir/article_3084.html
  • Farjami, E. (2021). Framework for certified adaptive reuse of heritage buildings (PhD Thesis). Architecture faculty, Eastern Mediterranean University- North Cyprus. Accessed from database Access Address (12.11.2021): (https://www.emu.edu.tr/library/118901167.pdf). (https://www.emu.edu.tr/en/search/1189? search_option=site&k=elnaz+farjami).
  • Farjami, E., Türker, Ö. O. (2021). The extraction of prerequisite criteria for environmentally certified adaptive reuse of heritage buildings. Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063536
  • Foster, N. (2020). Norman. Foster 40: Projects. Munich: Prestel, 2007. 148. Access Address (14.06.2022): https://www.fosterandpartners.com/news/archive/2007/11/prestel-publishes-foster-40/
  • Golkarian, Sh. (2021a). The impact of modernization on the traditional commercial typologies in the Tabriz region (PhD Thesis). Architecture faculty, Near East University. Access Address (13.12.2021): (http://docs.neu.edu.tr/library/8899701192.pdf)
  • Golkarian, Sh. (2021b). Cultural challenges between local and Western commercial typologies (case study: Tabriz bazaar based on Ahi Evran Culture). Current Direction in Architecture, Turkey: Dergi Park, Milli Folklor Press. Volume 17: Issue 132, 179 – 197. Access Address (20.04.2022): https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/millifolklor/issue/66376/904284
  • ICOMOS. (1964). The Venice charter: international charter for conservation and restoration of monuments and sites. ICOMOS, Paris. Access Address (18.02.2020): https://www.icomos.org/en/participer/179-articles-en- francais/ressources/charters-and-standards/157-thevenice-charter
  • ICOMOS. (2000). International Council on Monuments and Sites. The Burra Charter: the Australia ICOMOS charter for places of cultural significance 2013. Access Address (28.11.2019): https://australia.icomos.org/publications/burra-charter-practice-notes/
  • ICOMOS. (2013). The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance.
  • Idemen, A. E., Şener, S. M. & Acar, E. (2016). Assessing the adaptive re-use potential of buildings as part of the disaster management process. International Journal of Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 10(3), 433-439. Access Address (19.08.2019): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309126777_Assessing_the_adaptive_re- use_potential_of_buildings_in_emergencies_Analysis_of_architectural_design_factors
  • Kerr, W. (2004). Adaptive Reuse. Preserving Our Past, Building Our Future. Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage. Australia. Access Address (09.12.2020): https://www.agriculture.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/adaptive-reuse.pdf
  • Langston, C. A. (2010). Green Adaptive Reuse: Issues and strategies for the built environment. In International Conference on Sustainable Construction & Risk Management (pp. 1165-1173). Chongqing Jiaotong University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02630800110412480
  • Langston, C., Yung, E. H. K. & Chan, E. H. W. (2013). The application of ARP modelling to adaptive reuse projects in Hong Kong. Habitat International, 40, 233-243. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2013.05.002
  • Langston, C. (2014). Designing for future adaptive reuse. In Sustainable Building Adaptation: Innovations in Decision-Making (pp. 250-272). Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1002/9781118477151
  • Latham, D. (1999). Creative reuse: working with the building. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 5(2), 7-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.1999.10785240
  • Law, C. M. (1993). Urban Tourism: Attracting Visitors to Large Cities. London: Mansell Publishing.
  • Lichfield, N. (2009). Economics in urban conservation. Cambridge Books.
  • Mazaheri, N. (2006). State Repression in the Iranian Bazaar, 1975-1977: The anti-profiteering campaign and an impending revolution. Iran Study, Volume: 3(39), pp.401-414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00210860600808250
  • Poulios, I. (2011). Is every heritage site a living one? linking conservation to communities' association with sites. The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice, 2(2), 144-156. DOI: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/175675011X13122044136550
  • Plevoets, B. & Cleempoel, K. (2011). Adaptive reuse as a strategy towards conservation of cultural heritage: a survey of 19th and 20th century theories. The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice, 2(3), 287-305.
  • Rodrigues, C. & Freire, F. (2017). Adaptive reuse of buildings: Eco-efficiency assessment of retrofit strategies for alternative uses of a historic building. Journal of Cleaner Production, 157, 94-105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.104.
  • Rodwell, D. (2008). Conservation and sustainability in historic cities. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Ryu, C. & Kwon, Y. (2021). Elements that affect foreign tourists’ satisfaction: A case study in Seoul, Korea. Urban Design International, 26, 197-207. Access Address (15.03.2022): https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41289- 021-00161-x
  • Snyder, G. H. (2005). Sustainability through adaptive reuse: the conversion of industrial buildings (PhD Thesis). University of Birmingham. Access Address (21.06.2018): https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_olink/r/1501/10? clear=10&p10_accession_num=ucin1115644591
  • Sokol’skii, V. (1912). Printsipy ekonomichnosti v stroitel’nom dele [Economic Principles in Construction]. St. Petersburg: Tip. Usmanova. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16995/ah.8287
  • Tash, R. (2006). The Analysis Studies and the Preparation of a New Comprehensive Master Plan of the Ring and Urban Space of the City Centre. Mashhad: Consulting Engineering of Tash.
  • UNESCO. (2009a). Hoi protocols for best conservation practice in Asia: Professional guidelines for assuring and preserving the authenticity of heritage sites in the context of the cultures of Asia. Bangkok: UNESCO. Access Address (20.06.2022): https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000182617
  • UNESCO. (2009b). Executive Summary, Tabriz Historical Bazaar Complex, Nomination of Properties for Inclusion on the World Heritage list. Access Address (10.03.2022): http://whc.SHARİFİ.org/uploads/nominations/1346.pdf
  • Vasilache, C., Schaefer, I. W. W., Glumac, B. B., & Han, Q. Q. (2013). Sustainable Building Reuse Understanding user preferences for the housing market. Exploring Energy Neutral Development Part 3 TU/e, 249 (Master Thesis). Eindhoven University of Technology. Access Address (16.04.2013): http://alexandria.tue.nl/extra2/afstversl/bwk/761233.pdf
  • Vronskaya, A. (2021). Modernism and mobilization: From Viktor Sokolsky’s economic principle to the Narkomfin building. Architectural Histories, 10(1): 10, pp. 1–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16995/ah.8287
  • Wilkinson, S. (2011). The relationship between building adaptation and property attributes (PhD Thesis). Deakin University. Access Address (09.11.2020): https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sara-Wilkinson- 2/publication/305059245_The_relationship_between_building_adaptation_and_property_attributes/links/5 78d41ef08ae59aa668159d1/The-relationship-between-building-adaptation-and-property-attributes.pdf
  • Wilkinson, S. J. (2012). Back to the future: Heritage buildings, adaptation and sustainability in the Melbourne central business district. Historic Environment, 24(2), 7-13. Access address (22.02.2019): https://www.academia.edu/1803239/Back_the_Future_Heritage_Buildings_adaptation_and_sustainability_i n_the_Melbourne_CBD
  • Wilkinson, S. (2014). The preliminary assessment of adaptation potential in existing office buildings. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 18(1), 77-87.
  • Weiler, K. & Gutschow, N. (Eds.). (2016). Authenticity in architectural heritage conservation: discourses, opinions, experiences in Europe, South, and East Asia: Springer.
  • Zhang, T., Xu, H. & Wang, C. (2022). Self-adaptability and topological deformation of Ganlan architectural heritage: Conservation and regeneration of Lianghekou Tujia village in Western Hubei, China. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 11(5), 865-876.

Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mimari Miras ve Koruma
BölümAraştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Elnaz Farjamı NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY 0000-0001-6931-329X Türkiye

Shabnam Golkarıan NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY 0000-0002-1858-0133 Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi30 Temmuz 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi28 Ocak 2024
Kabul Tarihi7 Temmuz 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APAFarjamı, E., & Golkarıan, S. (2024). The Evaluation of Local Commercial Typologies Based On Adaptive Reuse Models: (Tabriz Bazaar). Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 9(1), 652-677. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1427134

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