THE IMPACT OF OBJECTIVE AND PERCEIVED RELATIVE INCOMES ON HEALTH OUTCOMES IN TURKEY: INSIGHTS FROM THE LIFE IN TRANSITION SURVEY

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 46, 155 – 167, 30.06.2024

Mustafa Özer

Öz

Bu araştırma, Türkiye’deki nesnel ve algılanan göreli gelirle sağlık sonuçları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemekte olup, veriler Life in Transition Survey (LITS) III’den alınmıştır. Analiz, cinsiyet, istihdam durumu, medeni durum ve eğitim düzeyine göre ayrıştırılmıştır. Nesnel gelir, sağlıkla sürekli olarak olumlu bir şekilde korele olup, bu ilişki özellikle çalışan erkekler için güçlüdür. Diğer yandan, algılanan göreli gelir, özellikle kadın alt grupları ve işsizler arasında sağlığı önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Medeni durum, yaş ve eğitim düzeyine göre sağlık sonuçlarında farklılıklar ortaya çıkmaktadır: Evli erkekler, 35 yaş altı bireyler ve medyanın altındaki eğitim düzeyine sahip olanlar arasında nesnel gelir ile sağlık arasındaki ilişkiler belirgin hale gelmektedir. Bulgular, nesnel gelir, algılanan ekonomik durum ve sağlık arasındaki çok yönlü ilişkileri vurgulamakta ve Türkiye gibi geçiş sürecindeki ülkelerde farklı demografik segmentler için özelleştirilmiş sağlık müdahalelerin gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye, Gelir, Sağlık, Lojit, LITS

Kaynakça

• Adler, N. E., and Stewart, J. (2010). Health disparities across the lifespan: meaning, methods, and mechanisms. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186(1), 5-23.
• Banks, J., Marmot, M., Oldfield, Z., and Smith, J. P. (2006). Disease and disadvantage in the United States and in England. Jama, 295(17), 2037-2045.
• Bidyadhar, D. (2015). Influence of perceived economic well-being on self-rated health status of the older adults aged 50 years and above in India. Int Res J Soc Sci, 4(4), 34-42.
• Bombak, A. E. (2013). Self-rated health and public health: a critical perspective. Frontiers in public health, 1, 15.
• Bridges, S., and Disney, R. (2010). Debt and depression. Journal of health economics, 29(3), 388-403.
• Carrieri, V. (2008). Health inequalities and socio-economic conditions in Italy: is there a southern question? Health Policies. 9(1):15–24.
• Cheng, Y. H., Chi, I., Boey, K. W., Ko, L. S. F., and Chou, K. L. (2002). Self-rated economic condition and the health of elderly persons in Hong Kong. Social science and medicine, 55(8), 1415-1424.
• Cialani, C., and Mortazavi, R. (2020). The effect of objective income and perceived economic resources on self-rated health. International journal for equity in health, 19, 1-12.
• Douthitt, R. A., MacDonald, M., and Mullis, R. (1992). The relationship between measures of subjective and economic well-being: A new look. Social Indicators Research, 26, 407-422.
• Garner, T., Stinson, L., Shipp, S., and Session, S. (1996). Affordability, income adequacy, and subjective assessments of economic well-being: preliminary findings. In Association for Consumer Research Conference, Tucson, Arizona (pp. 1-34).
• Greene, W. H. (2012). Econometric Analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
• Kraus, M. W., Piff, P. K., and Keltner, D. (2009). Social class, sense of control, and social explanation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 97(6), 992.
• Hayo, B., and Seifert, W. (2003). Subjective economic well-being in Eastern Europe. Journal of economic psychology, 24(3), 329-348.
• Hazelrigg, L. E., and Hardy, M. A. (1997). Perceived income adequacy among older adults: Issues of conceptualization and measurement, with an analysis of data. Research on Aging, 19(1), 69-107.
• Hernández-Quevedo, C., Jones, A. M., and Rice, N. (2004). Reporting bias and heterogeneity in self-assessed health. Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey. Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working paper 05, 4.
• Hosmer, D. W., Lemeshow, S., and Sturdivant, R. X. (2013). Applied Logistic Regression (3rd ed.). Wiley.
• Humphries, K. H., and Van Doorslaer, E. (2000). Income-related health inequality in Canada. Social science and medicine, 50(5), 663-671.
• Jürges, H. (2008). Self-assessed health, reference levels and mortality. Applied Economics, 40(5), 569-582.
• Muhammad, T., and Maurya, P. (2023). Gender differences in the association between perceived income sufficiency and self-rated health among older adults: A population-based study in India. Journal of Women and Aging, 35(2), 168-182.
• Pamuk, Ş. (2007). Economic change in twentieth century Turkey: Is the glass more than half full?. The Cambridge History of Turkey, 4, 266-300.
• Pu, C., Huang, N., Tang, G. J., and Chou, Y. J. (2011). When does poor subjective financial position hurt the elderly? Testing the interaction with educational attainment using a national representative longitudinal survey. BMC Public Health, 11, 1-8.
• Reyes Fernández, B., Rosero-Bixby, L., and Koivumaa-Honkanen, H. (2016). Effects of self-rated health and self-rated economic situation on depressed mood via life satisfaction among older adults in Costa Rica. Journal of aging and health, 28(2), 225-243.
• Sarti, S., and Espinola, S. R. (2018). Health inequalities in Argentina and Italy: A comparative analysis of the relation between socio-economic and perceived health conditions. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 55, 89-98.
• Senik, C. (2009). Direct evidence on income comparisons and their welfare effects. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 72(1), 408-424.
• Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data. MIT press.

THE IMPACT OF OBJECTIVE AND PERCEIVED RELATIVE INCOMES ON HEALTH OUTCOMES IN TURKEY: INSIGHTS FROM THE LIFE IN TRANSITION SURVEY

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 46, 155 – 167, 30.06.2024

Mustafa Özer

Öz

This research examines the relationship between objective and perceived relative incomes and health outcomes in Turkey, drawing data from the Life in Transition Survey (LITS) III. The analysis is stratified by gender, employment status, marital status, and educational attainment. Objective income consistently correlates positively with health, with the relationship being particularly strong for employed males. On the other hand, perceived relative income significantly influences health, especially among female subgroups and the unemployed. Disparities in health outcomes based on marital status, age, and education emerge: married males, individuals below 35, and those with below-median education display pronounced associations between objective income and health. The findings emphasize the multifaceted relationships between objective income, perceived economic status, and health, highlighting the need for tailored interventions for health across distinct demographic segments in transitional settings like Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turkey, Income, Health, Logit, LITS

Kaynakça

• Adler, N. E., and Stewart, J. (2010). Health disparities across the lifespan: meaning, methods, and mechanisms. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186(1), 5-23.
• Banks, J., Marmot, M., Oldfield, Z., and Smith, J. P. (2006). Disease and disadvantage in the United States and in England. Jama, 295(17), 2037-2045.
• Bidyadhar, D. (2015). Influence of perceived economic well-being on self-rated health status of the older adults aged 50 years and above in India. Int Res J Soc Sci, 4(4), 34-42.
• Bombak, A. E. (2013). Self-rated health and public health: a critical perspective. Frontiers in public health, 1, 15.
• Bridges, S., and Disney, R. (2010). Debt and depression. Journal of health economics, 29(3), 388-403.
• Carrieri, V. (2008). Health inequalities and socio-economic conditions in Italy: is there a southern question? Health Policies. 9(1):15–24.
• Cheng, Y. H., Chi, I., Boey, K. W., Ko, L. S. F., and Chou, K. L. (2002). Self-rated economic condition and the health of elderly persons in Hong Kong. Social science and medicine, 55(8), 1415-1424.
• Cialani, C., and Mortazavi, R. (2020). The effect of objective income and perceived economic resources on self-rated health. International journal for equity in health, 19, 1-12.
• Douthitt, R. A., MacDonald, M., and Mullis, R. (1992). The relationship between measures of subjective and economic well-being: A new look. Social Indicators Research, 26, 407-422.
• Garner, T., Stinson, L., Shipp, S., and Session, S. (1996). Affordability, income adequacy, and subjective assessments of economic well-being: preliminary findings. In Association for Consumer Research Conference, Tucson, Arizona (pp. 1-34).
• Greene, W. H. (2012). Econometric Analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
• Kraus, M. W., Piff, P. K., and Keltner, D. (2009). Social class, sense of control, and social explanation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 97(6), 992.
• Hayo, B., and Seifert, W. (2003). Subjective economic well-being in Eastern Europe. Journal of economic psychology, 24(3), 329-348.
• Hazelrigg, L. E., and Hardy, M. A. (1997). Perceived income adequacy among older adults: Issues of conceptualization and measurement, with an analysis of data. Research on Aging, 19(1), 69-107.
• Hernández-Quevedo, C., Jones, A. M., and Rice, N. (2004). Reporting bias and heterogeneity in self-assessed health. Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey. Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working paper 05, 4.
• Hosmer, D. W., Lemeshow, S., and Sturdivant, R. X. (2013). Applied Logistic Regression (3rd ed.). Wiley.
• Humphries, K. H., and Van Doorslaer, E. (2000). Income-related health inequality in Canada. Social science and medicine, 50(5), 663-671.
• Jürges, H. (2008). Self-assessed health, reference levels and mortality. Applied Economics, 40(5), 569-582.
• Muhammad, T., and Maurya, P. (2023). Gender differences in the association between perceived income sufficiency and self-rated health among older adults: A population-based study in India. Journal of Women and Aging, 35(2), 168-182.
• Pamuk, Ş. (2007). Economic change in twentieth century Turkey: Is the glass more than half full?. The Cambridge History of Turkey, 4, 266-300.
• Pu, C., Huang, N., Tang, G. J., and Chou, Y. J. (2011). When does poor subjective financial position hurt the elderly? Testing the interaction with educational attainment using a national representative longitudinal survey. BMC Public Health, 11, 1-8.
• Reyes Fernández, B., Rosero-Bixby, L., and Koivumaa-Honkanen, H. (2016). Effects of self-rated health and self-rated economic situation on depressed mood via life satisfaction among older adults in Costa Rica. Journal of aging and health, 28(2), 225-243.
• Sarti, S., and Espinola, S. R. (2018). Health inequalities in Argentina and Italy: A comparative analysis of the relation between socio-economic and perceived health conditions. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 55, 89-98.
• Senik, C. (2009). Direct evidence on income comparisons and their welfare effects. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 72(1), 408-424.
• Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data. MIT press.

Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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