THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND CROSS CULTURAL ADAPTABILITY: A RESEARCH ON GRADUATE STUDENTS

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 315 – 334, 02.07.2024

Ceyhan Mutlu Fatma Şebnem Arıkboğa

https://doi.org/10.31671/doujournal.1343316

Öz

Individuals’ desire to live in different nations to improve their living standards grows as globalization accelerates and countries’ environmental conditions change. Even though people have a strong desire to do so, it is extremely difficult to adapt to a new culture. There are numerous factors that influence people’s cross-cultural adaptability. The concept of cultural intelligence, which plays an important role in helping individuals understand individuals from different cultures and behave appropriately in that culture, is the most important of these factors. Cultural intelligence analysis can help individuals overcome or avoid these challenges. Individuals’ personalities, in addition to cultural intelligence, are considered as another factor that has a significant impact on the results. The analysis of personality structures can reveal whether or not they can adapt to different cultures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the concepts of cross-cultural adaptability, cultural intelligence, and personality in the context of Business Administration graduate students’ intentions to live abroad and to determine the extent to which these three concepts are related.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Culture, Cross Cultural Adaptability, Cultural Intelligence, Personality, Five Factor Theory of Personality

Kaynakça

• Aksoy, Z. (2013). Kültürel zeka ve çok kültürlü ortamlardaki rolü. (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
• Altbach, P. G. (1989). The new internationalism: Foreign students and scholars. Studies in Higher Education, 14(2), 125-136.
• Anderson, L. E. (1994). A new look at an old construct: Cross-cultural adaptation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18(3), 293-328.
• Ang, S., Dyne, L. V. and Koh, C. (2006). Personality correlates of the four-factor model of cultural intelligence. Group and Organization Management, 31(1), 100-123.
• Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., Koh, C., Ng, K. Y., Templer, K. J., Tay, C. and Chandrasekar, N. A. (2007). Cultural intelligence: Its measurement and effects on cultural judgment and decision making, cultural adaptation and task performance. Management and Organization Review, 3(3), 335-371.
• Atak, H. (2013). On maddeli kişilik ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi, 50, 312-319.
• Awais Bhatti, M., Mohamed Battour, M., Rageh Ismail, A. and Pandiyan Sundram, V. (2014). Effects of personality traits (big five) on expatriates adjustment and job performance. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 33(1), 73-96.
• Brislin, R., Worthley, R. and Macnab, B. (2006). Cultural intelligence. Group and Organization Management, 31(1), 40-55.
• Buss, D. M. (1991). Evolutionary personality psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 42(1), 459-491.
• Buss, D. M. (2008). Human nature and individual differences: Evolution of human personality. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, and L. A. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research (29-60. pp.). The Guilford Press.
• Cai, D. A., and Rodriguez, J. I. (1997). Adjusting to cultural differences: The intercultural adaptation model. Intercultural Communication Studies, 6, 31-42.
• Caligiuri, P. M. (2000). The big five personality characteristics as predictors of expatriate's desire to terminate the assignment and supervisor‐rated performance. Personnel Psychology, 53(1), 67-88.
• Chen, A. S. Y., Wu, I. H. and Bian, M. D. (2014). The moderating effects of active and agreeable conflict management styles on cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(3), 270-288.
• Costa, P. T., McCrae, R. R. and Kay, G. G. (1995). Persons, places and personality: Career assessment using the revised NEO personality inventory. Journal of Career Assessment, 3(2), 123-139.
• Craig, C. S. and Douglas, S. P. (2006). Beyond national culture: Implications of cultural dynamics for consumer research. International Marketing Review, 23(3), 322-342.
• Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
• Crowne, K. A. (2009). The relationships among social intelligence, emotional intelligence and cultural intelligence. Organizational Management Journal, 6(3), 148-163.
• Çüçen, A. K. (2005). Kültür, uygarlık, evrensellik ve çok kültürlülük. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 4, 111-115.
• Davis, S. L. and Finney, S. J. (2006). A factor analytic study of the cross-cultural adaptability inventory. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(2), 318-321.
• Develioğlu, K. and Tekin, Ö. A. (2013). Beş faktör kişilik özellikleri ve yabancılaşma arasındaki ilişki: Beş yıldızlı otel çalışanları üzerine bir uygulama. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(2), 15-30.
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• Earley, P. C. and Peterson, R. S. (2004). The elusive cultural chameleon: Cultural intelligence as a new approach to intercultural training for the global manager. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 3(1), 100-115.
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• Ferguson, G. M. and Bornstein, M. H. (2012). Remote acculturation: the “Americanization” of Jamaican islanders. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 36(3), 167-177.
• Ferguson, G. M., Costigan, C. L., Clarke, C. V. and Ge, J. S. (2016). Introducing remote enculturation: Learning your heritage culture from afar. Child Development Perspectives, 10(3), 166-171.
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KİŞİLİK İLE KÜLTÜRLERARASI ADAPTASYON ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE KÜLTÜREL ZEKANIN ARACI ROLÜ: LİSANSÜSTÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 315 – 334, 02.07.2024

Ceyhan Mutlu Fatma Şebnem Arıkboğa

https://doi.org/10.31671/doujournal.1343316

Öz

Küreselleşme hızlandıkça ve ülkelerin çevresel koşulları değiştikçe, bireylerin yaşam standartlarını arttırmak amacıyla, farklı ülkelerde yaşama isteği artmaktadır. Bu istek bireylerde her ne kadar güçlü olsa da, farklı bir kültüre adaptasyon sağlamak hiç de kolay olmamaktadır. Bireylerin kültürlerarası adaptasyonlarını sağlamasına etki eden çeşitli faktör bulunmaktadır. Bu faktörlerin başında bireylerin farklı kültürden bireyleri anlamasını ve o kültüre uygun davranmasında önemli bir rol oynayan kültürel zeka kavramı gelmektedir. Kültürel zeka analizi, bireylerin bu zorlukların üstesinden gelmesine veya bu zorluklardan kaçınmasına yardımcı olmak için önemli bir konumda olmaktadır. Kültürel zekanın yanı sıra bireylerin kişilikleri de sonuçlara önemli derecede etki eden bir diğer unsur olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bireylerin kişilik yapılarının analizi, bu bireylerin farklı kültürlere adaptasyon sağlayıp sağlayamayacakları hakkında ön görüler ortaya koyabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, İşletme lisansüstü öğrencilerinin yurtdışında yaşama niyetleri bağlamında, kültürlerarası adaptasyon, kültürel zeka ve kişilik kavramlarını ele alarak, bu üç kavram arasındaki ilişkinin boyutunu ortaya koymaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kültür, Kültürlerarası Adaptasyon, Kültürel Zeka, Kişilik, Beş Faktör Kişilik Kuramı

Kaynakça

• Aksoy, Z. (2013). Kültürel zeka ve çok kültürlü ortamlardaki rolü. (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
• Altbach, P. G. (1989). The new internationalism: Foreign students and scholars. Studies in Higher Education, 14(2), 125-136.
• Anderson, L. E. (1994). A new look at an old construct: Cross-cultural adaptation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18(3), 293-328.
• Ang, S., Dyne, L. V. and Koh, C. (2006). Personality correlates of the four-factor model of cultural intelligence. Group and Organization Management, 31(1), 100-123.
• Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., Koh, C., Ng, K. Y., Templer, K. J., Tay, C. and Chandrasekar, N. A. (2007). Cultural intelligence: Its measurement and effects on cultural judgment and decision making, cultural adaptation and task performance. Management and Organization Review, 3(3), 335-371.
• Atak, H. (2013). On maddeli kişilik ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi, 50, 312-319.
• Awais Bhatti, M., Mohamed Battour, M., Rageh Ismail, A. and Pandiyan Sundram, V. (2014). Effects of personality traits (big five) on expatriates adjustment and job performance. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 33(1), 73-96.
• Brislin, R., Worthley, R. and Macnab, B. (2006). Cultural intelligence. Group and Organization Management, 31(1), 40-55.
• Buss, D. M. (1991). Evolutionary personality psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 42(1), 459-491.
• Buss, D. M. (2008). Human nature and individual differences: Evolution of human personality. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, and L. A. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research (29-60. pp.). The Guilford Press.
• Cai, D. A., and Rodriguez, J. I. (1997). Adjusting to cultural differences: The intercultural adaptation model. Intercultural Communication Studies, 6, 31-42.
• Caligiuri, P. M. (2000). The big five personality characteristics as predictors of expatriate's desire to terminate the assignment and supervisor‐rated performance. Personnel Psychology, 53(1), 67-88.
• Chen, A. S. Y., Wu, I. H. and Bian, M. D. (2014). The moderating effects of active and agreeable conflict management styles on cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(3), 270-288.
• Costa, P. T., McCrae, R. R. and Kay, G. G. (1995). Persons, places and personality: Career assessment using the revised NEO personality inventory. Journal of Career Assessment, 3(2), 123-139.
• Craig, C. S. and Douglas, S. P. (2006). Beyond national culture: Implications of cultural dynamics for consumer research. International Marketing Review, 23(3), 322-342.
• Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
• Crowne, K. A. (2009). The relationships among social intelligence, emotional intelligence and cultural intelligence. Organizational Management Journal, 6(3), 148-163.
• Çüçen, A. K. (2005). Kültür, uygarlık, evrensellik ve çok kültürlülük. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 4, 111-115.
• Davis, S. L. and Finney, S. J. (2006). A factor analytic study of the cross-cultural adaptability inventory. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(2), 318-321.
• Develioğlu, K. and Tekin, Ö. A. (2013). Beş faktör kişilik özellikleri ve yabancılaşma arasındaki ilişki: Beş yıldızlı otel çalışanları üzerine bir uygulama. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(2), 15-30.
• Drigas, A. S. and Papoutsi, C. (2018). A new layered model on emotional intelligence. Behavioral Sciences, 8(5), 45.
• Earley, P. C. and Mosakowski, E. (2004). Cultural intelligence. Harvard Business Review, 82(10), 139-146.
• Earley, P. C. and Peterson, R. S. (2004). The elusive cultural chameleon: Cultural intelligence as a new approach to intercultural training for the global manager. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 3(1), 100-115.
• Envick, B. R. and Langford, M. (2000). The five-factor model of personality: Assessing entrepreneurs and managers. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 6(1), 6-17.
• Erdem, Ş., Erdem, Ş. and Akbulut, Ö. (2023). Diş hekimlerinin beyin göçüne yönelik tutumları ve yaşam memnuniyetlerinin değerlendirilmesi: Anket çalışması: Kesitsel araştırma. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences, 29(3), 419-424.
• Evans, E. H. (2012). Expatriate success: cultural intelligence and personality as predictors for cross-cultural adjustment. (Doctoral dissertation). The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga.
• Ferguson, G. M. and Bornstein, M. H. (2012). Remote acculturation: the “Americanization” of Jamaican islanders. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 36(3), 167-177.
• Ferguson, G. M., Costigan, C. L., Clarke, C. V. and Ge, J. S. (2016). Introducing remote enculturation: Learning your heritage culture from afar. Child Development Perspectives, 10(3), 166-171.
• Fujita, M. (2007). Towards the new economic geography in the brain power society. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 37(4), 482-490.
• Gartner, M., Sadilek, T. and Zadrazilova, D. (2017). Cross-cultural adaptability in a sample of international university students in Prague – gender and culture effect. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, 3(49), 893-906.
• Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J. and Swann Jr., W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the big-five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 504-528.
• Haslberger, A. (2005). Facet and dimensions of cross-cultural adaptation: Refining the tools. Personnel Review, 34(1), 85-109.
• Hayes, A. F. and Rockwood, N. J. (2020). Conditional process analysis: Concepts, computation, and advances in the modeling of the contingencies of mechanism. American Behavioral Scientist, 64(1), 19-54.
• Heine, S. J., Lehman, D. R., Peng, K. and Greenholtz, J. (2002). What's wrong with cross-cultural comparisons of subjective Likert scales?: The reference-group effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(6), 903-918.
• Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture and organizations. International Studies of Management and Organization, 10(4), 15-41.
• Huang, T. J., Chi, S. C. and Lawler, J. J. (2005). The relationship between expatriates' personality traits and their adjustment to international assignments. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(9), 1656-1670.
• Huff, K. C., Song, P. and Gresch, E. B. (2014). Cultural intelligence, personality, and cross-cultural adjustment: A study of expatriates in Japan. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 38, 151-157.
• Hussain, S. (2018). Managing communication challenges in multicultural organizations. International Journal of Media, Journalism and Mass Communications, 4(2), 44-49.
• İşleyen, F. and Doğan, E. (2020). Kültürel zeka: Beş büyük kişilik modeli bağlamında bir araştırma. Ekoist: Journal of Econometrics and Statistics, 33, 65-82.
• Johnson, J. A. and Ostendorf, F. (1993). Clarification of the five-factor model with the abridged big five dimensional circumplex. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(63), 563-576.
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• Karroubi, M., Hadinejad, A. and Mahmoudzadeh, S. (2014). A study on relationship between cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment in tour management. Management Science Letters, 4(6), 1233-1244.
• Kılıç, S. (2012). Örnek büyüklüğü, güç kavramları ve örnek büyüklüğü hesaplaması. Journal of Mood Disorders, 2(3), 140-2.
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• Köse, S., Tetik, S. and Ercan, C. (2001). Örgüt kültürünü oluşturan faktörler. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 8(1), 219-242.
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• Li, M., Mobley, W. H. and Kelly, A. (2016). Linking personality to cultural intelligence: An interactive effect of openness and agreeableness. Personality and Individual Differences, 89, 105-110.
• Lin, Y. C., Chen, A. S. Y. and Song, Y. C. (2012). Does your intelligence help to survive in a foreign jungle? The effects of cultural intelligence and emotional intelligence on cross-cultural adjustment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 36(4), 541-552.
• Mak, A. S. and Tran, C. (2001). Big five personality and cultural relocation factors in Vietnamese Australian students’ intercultural social self-efficacy. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25(2), 181-201.
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• Matsumoto, D., LeRoux, J., Ratzlaff, C., Tatani, H., Uchida, H., Kim, C. and Araki, S. (2001). Development and validation of a measure of intercultural adjustment potential in Japanese sojourners: The Intercultural Adjustment Potential Scale (ICAPS). International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25(5), 483-510.
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• Ramalu, S. S., Che Rose, R., Kumar, N. and Uli, J. (2010). Doing business in global arena: An examination of the relationship between cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 15(1), 79-97.
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• Triandis, H. C. (2006). Cultural intelligence in organizations. Group and Organization Management, 31(1), 20-26.
• Vashishtha, S. D. and Garg, S. (2014). Multiculturalism: A challenge or an opportunity to managers in Indian perspective. The International Journal of Management, 3(3), 1-5.
• Ward, C. and Chang, W. C. (1997). “Cultural fit”: A new perspective on personality and sojourner adjustment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 21(4), 525-533.
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• Wu, P. C. and Ang, S. H. (2011). The impact of expatriate supporting practices and cultural intelligence on cross-cultural adjustment and performance of expatriates in Singapore. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(13), 2683-2702.
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• Yoo, S. H., Matsumoto, D. and LeRoux, J. A. (2006). The influence of emotion recognition and emotion regulation on intercultural adjustment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 30(3), 345-363.
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Toplam 87 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Kaynak Göster

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