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THE USE OF PRECIOUS STONES FOR THERAPEUTIC PURPOSES IN MEDIEVAL ANATOLIAN TURKISH CIVILIZATION: THE CASE OF THE RUBY Skip to content Yıl 2024, Sayı: 110, 349 – 360, 24.06.2024
Meryem Gürbüz , Hüseyin Doğan
https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1416054
Öz Alongside narratives of the rarity, beauty, and value of rubies, owning assets (e.g. state, power) has also been expressed in the literature on medieval Anatolian Turkish literature with reference to rubies. Ruby jewelry is a means of displaying wealth and splendor. However, the use of rubies in the field of medicine explains how this wealth signifies more than just owning a precious stone. Those adorned with jewelry made of rubies were protected against deadly diseases like the plague and malaria, resisted bouts of various chronic illnesses, and lived with a joyful heart. Rubies were believed to be an antidote against poisons, and in cases of poisoning, rubies were consumed as the applied medical method. In addition, wearing ruby jewelry was one of the precautions taken against poisonings. The affinity rulers, nobles, and the very wealthy had toward rubies is also linked to preserving health. Medicines prepared using rubies were employed to treat lung, spleen, and stomach diseases, as well as paralysis and epilepsy. Rubies are one of the most expensive materials used in medicine. Medicines made from rubies demonstrate the occurrence of a luxurious treatment, but the frequency of their use remains uncertain.
Anahtar Kelimeler Middle Ages, Ruby, Anatolia, Medical history, Turkish civilization.
Kaynakça Arık, F. Ş. (1991). “Selçuklular zamanında Anadolu’da veba salgınları”. Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(26), 27–57. Ahmedî, A. P. (1966). Dîvân (Y. Akdoğan, Ed.). Ministry of Culture and Tourism General Directorate of Libraries and Publications. ISBN 978-975-17-3344-3, e-book. Aydın, Ç. (2016). Ahî Çelebi tercemetü’l-mûcez fi’t-tıbb (giriş-inceleme [söz dizimi] -Metin [1b-70a Varakları Arası] -Dizinler). Unpublished master’s thesis. Abant İzzet Baysal University. Bakır, A. (1997). “Ortaçağ İslâm dünyasında madenler ve maden sanayi”. Belleten, 61(232), 519–596. Bereket, H. (2013) Tuhfe-i Mübârizî. Metin – Sözlük (B. Erdağı Doğuer, Ed.). Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları. Buçukcu, Z. (2017). Mahmud bin Kadı-i Manyas’ın ‘Acebü’l-Üccab adlı eserinin transkripsiyon ve dizini. Unpublished master’s thesis. Hacettepe University. Çetin, H. A. (2016). Akşemseddin’in Mâddetü’l-Hayât adlı eseri (inceleme-metin-dizintıpkıbasım). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Marmara University Institute of Turkish Studies. Demir, A. (2010). Hekim Bereket. Hulasa (1.-50. sayfalar) (inceleme-metin-sözlük). Unpublished master’s thesis. Hacettepe University. Dişçi, Ö. (2015). Tercüme-i Tefsir-i Ebu’l-Leys Es-Semerkandî Rahmân, Vâkıa, Hadîd, Mücâdile ve Haşr Sureleri (inceleme-metin-dizin-tıpkıbasım). Unpublished master’s thesis. Marmara University. Doğan, Ş. (2009). Terceme-i Akrabâdîn Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin (giriş-inceleme-metindizinler). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Sakarya University. En-Nesevî, M. b. A. (1344 AH). Sîret-i Celâleddîn-i Mingburnî, (Anonymous trans.; M. Mînovî, Ed.). Tehran. Erdem, M. (1992). Kitāb-ı Güzide (76a-134a) (inceleme-metin-sözlük). Unpublished master’s thesis. Ankara University. Fidan, G. G. (2022). “Klasik Türk edebiyatında “Tiryâk-ı Fârûk.” Asia Minor Studies International Journal of Social Sciences, 10(2), 173–178. Göl, O. (2008). Ali bin Abdurrahman ‘Acâibü’l-Mahlûkât (1.-35. varak). Unpublished master’s thesis. Sakarya University. Hızır, C. (1999). Müntahab-ı şifâ II (Z. Önler, Ed.). Simurg. Ibn al-Baithar. (1842). Grosse Zusammenstellung über die Kräfte der bekannten einfachen Heilund Nahrungsmittel II. (J. von Sontheimer, Tran.). Hallberger‘sche Verlagshandlung. İbn Baytâr. (2017). Tercüme-i Câmi‘u Müfredâti’l-Edviye ve’l-Eğziye (K. Topkar et al., Eds.). Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Yayınları. İbn Bîbî. (1996). El-Evâmirü’l-Alâiyye fi Umûri’l-Alâiyye, I, (M. Öztürk, Tran.). Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları. İbn-i Şerîf, T. (2017). Yâdigâr (Editorial Commision). Merkezefendi Geleneksel Tıp Derneği. İndirkaş, Z. (2002). Türkler’de hükümdar tacı geleneği. Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları. Kaya, E. (2008). Muyîddin Mehî’nin Müfîd (Nazmü’t-Teshîl) adlı eseri (inceleme-metindizin) ve bu eserin XV. yüzyıl türk tıp dilinin oluşmasındaki yeri. Unpublished master’s thesis. Selçuk University. Kulaç, Y. (2020). Eski Oğuz Türkçesi dönemine ait Ebû’l-Leys Essemerkandî Kur’an Tefsiri (Zonguldak Nüshası) giriş-inceleme-metin-dizin. Unpublished master’s thesis. 19 Mayıs University. Küçükaşçı, M. S. (2013). Yüzük. In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (Vol. 44, pp. 55–57). Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı. Merçil, E. (2007). Selçuklular’da hükümdarlık alâmetleri. Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları. Okumuş, N. (1998). Muhammed bin Mahmûd Şirvânî’nin (XV. yy) Göz Hastalıklarına Ait “Mürşîd” adlı eseri (inceleme-metin-sözlük-indeks). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Ege University. Özer, O. (1995). Ahmedî Tervîhü’l-Ervâh (giriş – inceleme – metin). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Fırat University. Sarı, M. (1994). Gazâvat-ı Sultân Murâd Hân (inceleme, ses değişmeleri, benzeşmeleri ve uyumlar, metin, sözlük). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Istanbul University. Süslü, Ö. (2007). Tasvirlere göre Anadolu Selçuklu kıyafetleri. Atatürk Culture Center Publications. Şahin, E. (2005). Sinan Paşa’nın Tazarru‘-nâme’sindeki benzetme unsurları ve edebî tasvirler. Unpublished master’s thesis. Istanbul University. Şirvânî, M. bin M. (1999). Tuhfe-i Murâdî. İnceleme – Metin – Dizin. Haz. Mustafa Argunşah. Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları. Toprak, S. (2019). Acâibü’l-Mahlûkât Garâibü’l-Mevcûdât (v. 1a-40b) inceleme-metin-dizin. Unpublished master’s thesis. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University. Türüt, A. Cevâmi’t-Tabirî Fi’r Rüyâ tercümesi. Unpublished master’s thesis. Yıldız Technical University. Uçar, İ. (2009). Hazâ Kitâb-ı Hulâsa-i Tıbb Cerrâh Mes’ûd (giriş-inceleme-metin-dizinler). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Sakarya University Social Sciences Institute. Yılmaz, E. (1998). ‘Acâibül’l-Mahlûkât (imlâ ve ses bilgisi-metnin transkripsiyonu). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Sakarya University.
ORTAÇAĞ ANADOLU TÜRK UYGARLIĞINDA KIYMETLİ TAŞLARIN TEDAVİ AMAÇLI KULLANIMI: YÂKÛT ÖRNEĞİ Yıl 2024, Sayı: 110, 349 – 360, 24.06.2024
Meryem Gürbüz , Hüseyin Doğan
https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1416054
Öz Ortaçağ Anadolu Türk uygarlığı yazınında nadirlik, güzellik, kıymet anlatılarının yanı sıra mülk (devlet, iktidar) sahibi olmak da yâkûta müracaat ile ifade edilmiştir. Yâkût takılar zenginlik ve görkemin gözler önüne serilmesinin bir yoludur. Ancak yâkûtun tıp sahasında kullanımı bu zenginliğin sadece kıymetli bir taşa sahip olmanın çok ötesinde bir anlama geldiğini açıklamaktadır. Yâkûttan mamul ziyneti üzerinde bulunduran kişi salgın hastalıkların en tehlikelilerinden olan veba ve sıtmaya karşı korunuyor; kronik çeşitli hastalıkların ataklarını def ediyor, kalbi ve gönlü hoş bir şekilde yaşıyordu. Yâkûtun zehirlere karşı bir panzehir olduğuna inanılıyor, zehirlenme halinde yâkût yenilmesi tıbbî bir yöntem olarak uygulanıyordu. Ayrıca yâkût takı takmak zehirlenmelere karşı alınabilecek önlemler arasındaydı. Hükümdarların, soyluların veya çok zenginlerin yâkûta düşkünlüğünün bir sebebi de sağlığı koruması ile ilgilidir. Yâkût kullanılarak yapılan ilaçlar ciğer, dalak, mide hastalıkları ile felç ve epilepsi tedavisinde kullanılıyordu. Yâkût tıpta kullanılan en pahalı malzemeler arasındadır. Yâkûttan hazırlanan ilaçlar lüks tedavinin varlığını göstermektedir ancak ne sıklıkta kullanıldığı meçhuldür.
Anahtar Kelimeler Ortaçağ, Yâkût, Anadolu, Tıp Tarihi, Türk Uygarlığı.
Kaynakça Arık, F. Ş. (1991). “Selçuklular zamanında Anadolu’da veba salgınları”. Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(26), 27–57. Ahmedî, A. P. (1966). Dîvân (Y. Akdoğan, Ed.). Ministry of Culture and Tourism General Directorate of Libraries and Publications. ISBN 978-975-17-3344-3, e-book. Aydın, Ç. (2016). Ahî Çelebi tercemetü’l-mûcez fi’t-tıbb (giriş-inceleme [söz dizimi] -Metin [1b-70a Varakları Arası] -Dizinler). Unpublished master’s thesis. Abant İzzet Baysal University. Bakır, A. (1997). “Ortaçağ İslâm dünyasında madenler ve maden sanayi”. Belleten, 61(232), 519–596. Bereket, H. (2013) Tuhfe-i Mübârizî. Metin – Sözlük (B. Erdağı Doğuer, Ed.). Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları. Buçukcu, Z. (2017). Mahmud bin Kadı-i Manyas’ın ‘Acebü’l-Üccab adlı eserinin transkripsiyon ve dizini. Unpublished master’s thesis. Hacettepe University. Çetin, H. A. (2016). Akşemseddin’in Mâddetü’l-Hayât adlı eseri (inceleme-metin-dizintıpkıbasım). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Marmara University Institute of Turkish Studies. Demir, A. (2010). Hekim Bereket. Hulasa (1.-50. sayfalar) (inceleme-metin-sözlük). Unpublished master’s thesis. Hacettepe University. Dişçi, Ö. (2015). Tercüme-i Tefsir-i Ebu’l-Leys Es-Semerkandî Rahmân, Vâkıa, Hadîd, Mücâdile ve Haşr Sureleri (inceleme-metin-dizin-tıpkıbasım). Unpublished master’s thesis. Marmara University. Doğan, Ş. (2009). Terceme-i Akrabâdîn Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin (giriş-inceleme-metindizinler). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Sakarya University. En-Nesevî, M. b. A. (1344 AH). Sîret-i Celâleddîn-i Mingburnî, (Anonymous trans.; M. Mînovî, Ed.). Tehran. Erdem, M. (1992). Kitāb-ı Güzide (76a-134a) (inceleme-metin-sözlük). Unpublished master’s thesis. Ankara University. Fidan, G. G. (2022). “Klasik Türk edebiyatında “Tiryâk-ı Fârûk.” Asia Minor Studies International Journal of Social Sciences, 10(2), 173–178. Göl, O. (2008). Ali bin Abdurrahman ‘Acâibü’l-Mahlûkât (1.-35. varak). Unpublished master’s thesis. Sakarya University. Hızır, C. (1999). Müntahab-ı şifâ II (Z. Önler, Ed.). Simurg. Ibn al-Baithar. (1842). Grosse Zusammenstellung über die Kräfte der bekannten einfachen Heilund Nahrungsmittel II. (J. von Sontheimer, Tran.). Hallberger‘sche Verlagshandlung. İbn Baytâr. (2017). Tercüme-i Câmi‘u Müfredâti’l-Edviye ve’l-Eğziye (K. Topkar et al., Eds.). Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Yayınları. İbn Bîbî. (1996). El-Evâmirü’l-Alâiyye fi Umûri’l-Alâiyye, I, (M. Öztürk, Tran.). Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları. İbn-i Şerîf, T. (2017). Yâdigâr (Editorial Commision). Merkezefendi Geleneksel Tıp Derneği. İndirkaş, Z. (2002). Türkler’de hükümdar tacı geleneği. Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları. Kaya, E. (2008). Muyîddin Mehî’nin Müfîd (Nazmü’t-Teshîl) adlı eseri (inceleme-metindizin) ve bu eserin XV. yüzyıl türk tıp dilinin oluşmasındaki yeri. Unpublished master’s thesis. Selçuk University. Kulaç, Y. (2020). Eski Oğuz Türkçesi dönemine ait Ebû’l-Leys Essemerkandî Kur’an Tefsiri (Zonguldak Nüshası) giriş-inceleme-metin-dizin. Unpublished master’s thesis. 19 Mayıs University. Küçükaşçı, M. S. (2013). Yüzük. In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (Vol. 44, pp. 55–57). Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı. Merçil, E. (2007). Selçuklular’da hükümdarlık alâmetleri. Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları. Okumuş, N. (1998). Muhammed bin Mahmûd Şirvânî’nin (XV. yy) Göz Hastalıklarına Ait “Mürşîd” adlı eseri (inceleme-metin-sözlük-indeks). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Ege University. Özer, O. (1995). Ahmedî Tervîhü’l-Ervâh (giriş – inceleme – metin). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Fırat University. Sarı, M. (1994). Gazâvat-ı Sultân Murâd Hân (inceleme, ses değişmeleri, benzeşmeleri ve uyumlar, metin, sözlük). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Istanbul University. Süslü, Ö. (2007). Tasvirlere göre Anadolu Selçuklu kıyafetleri. Atatürk Culture Center Publications. Şahin, E. (2005). Sinan Paşa’nın Tazarru‘-nâme’sindeki benzetme unsurları ve edebî tasvirler. Unpublished master’s thesis. Istanbul University. Şirvânî, M. bin M. (1999). Tuhfe-i Murâdî. İnceleme – Metin – Dizin. Haz. Mustafa Argunşah. Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları. Toprak, S. (2019). Acâibü’l-Mahlûkât Garâibü’l-Mevcûdât (v. 1a-40b) inceleme-metin-dizin. Unpublished master’s thesis. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University. Türüt, A. Cevâmi’t-Tabirî Fi’r Rüyâ tercümesi. Unpublished master’s thesis. Yıldız Technical University. Uçar, İ. (2009). Hazâ Kitâb-ı Hulâsa-i Tıbb Cerrâh Mes’ûd (giriş-inceleme-metin-dizinler). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Sakarya University Social Sciences Institute. Yılmaz, E. (1998). ‘Acâibül’l-Mahlûkât (imlâ ve ses bilgisi-metnin transkripsiyonu). Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Sakarya University. Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil İngilizce Konular İslam Tarihi ve Medeniyeti Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi Yazarlar Meryem Gürbüz KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0002-2877-7925 Türkiye
Hüseyin Doğan KOCAELI UNIVERSITY 0000-0003-4290-5062 Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Haziran 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Ocak 2024 Kabul Tarihi 4 Haziran 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 110
Kaynak Göster ISNAD Gürbüz, Meryem – Doğan, Hüseyin. “THE USE OF PRECIOUS STONES FOR THERAPEUTIC PURPOSES IN MEDIEVAL ANATOLIAN TURKISH CIVILIZATION: THE CASE OF THE RUBY”. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 110 (Haziran 2024), 349-360. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1416054.
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