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Turizm Paydaşları Perspektifinden Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği Analizi Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 55 – 73, 31.07.2024
Emre Karaduman İbrahim Yılmaz
Öz Destinasyonlar çeşitli nedenlerle insanlar tarafından ziyaret edilmektedir. Sahip olduğu çeşitli çekim unsurları benzerlikleri, destinasyonlar arasında rekabeti ortaya koymaktadır. Van kenti de bulunduğu konum, geçmişten getirdiği kültürel ve doğal miras, gastronomik zenginliği, yöreye has bitkileri ve hayvanları gibi çeşitli çekicilik unsurları ile öne çıkan bir turizm destinasyonudur. Van’ın destinasyon rekabetçiliği ile ilgili ana unsurlarının tüm paydaş grupları tarafından etkili bir biçimde değerlendirilmesini amaçlayan bu çalışma bu yönüyle bir ilk özelliğini taşımaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında 407 katılımcı ile anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara göre doğal güzellikler, yerel halkın cana yakınlığı ve işletmelerin kalitesi gibi özellikler Van’ın daha güçlü olduğu unsurlardır. Destinasyona uçuş sayıları, sınırdaki uygulamaların kalite yeterliliği ise zayıf özellikler olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Turistler Van’da destinasyon rekabetçiliği boyutları içerisinde destinasyon yönetimi ve politikası boyutunun diğer iki boyuttan daha ileri seviyede olduğunu, yerel paydaşlar ise çekicilik faktörlerinin ise diğer alt boyutlardan daha iyi olduğunu belirtmektedir. Tesisler ve hizmetler boyutu ise tüm paydaş gruplarında orta boyut olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Araştırma bulgularından hareketle, Van’da destinasyon rekabetçiliğinin sağlanması ve bu durumun sürdürülmesi için çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler Paydaş, Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği, Van
Kaynakça Aas, C., Ladkin, A. & Fletcher, J. (2005). Stakeholder Collaboration and Heritage Management. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(1), 28-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.04.005 Akın, M. H. (2020). Bir Turistik Destinasyon Olarak Kapadokya Bölgesinin Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği Analizi. [Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü]. Alaeddinoğlu, F. & Komşu, M. S. (2017). TRB2 Bölgesi Turizminin Rekabet Gücü Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Karabük Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(2), 428-448. Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. & Yildirim, E. (2010). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı. Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık, 7-253. Andrades-Caldito, L., Sánchez-Rivero, M., & Pulido-Fernández, J.I. (2014). Tourism Destination Competitiveness from a Demand Point of View: An empirical Analysis for Andalusia. Tourism Analysis, 19(4), 425-440. Aqueveque, C. & Bianchi, C. (2017). Tourism Destination Competitiveness of Chile: A Stakeholder Perspective. Tourism Planning & Development, 14(4), 447-466. Bahar, O. (2004). Türkiye’de TurizmSekötörünün Rekabet Gücü Analizi Üzerinde Bir Alan Araştırması: Muğla Örneği [Doktora Tezi Muğla Üniversitesi]. Bahar, O. & Kozak, M. (2005). Küreselleşme Sürecinde: Uluslararası Turizm ve Rekabet Edilebilirlik. Detay Yayıncılık. Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing The Competitive Destination Of The Future. Tourism Management, 21(1), 97-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00095-3 Byrd, E. T., Bosley, H. E. & Dronberger, M. G. (2009). Comparisons of Stakeholder Perceptions of Tourism İmpacts in Rural Eastern North Carolina. Tourism Management, 30(5), 693-703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.10.021 Cihangir, E. & Demirhan, Ö. (2020). Peynir Turizmi Temelli Kültür Rotaları Oluşturulmasına Yönelik Bir Araştırma: Van Otlu Peynir Örneği. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 75, 139-162. DOI: 10.17211/tcd.834251 Cihangir, E. & Şeremet, M. (2020). Van’ın Edremit İlçesinde Turizmin Gelişimi: Rezilyans ve Değişim. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 74, 47-59. DOI:10.17211/tcd.657017. Curran, P. J. (2000). Competititon in UK Higher Education: Competitive Advantage in The Research Assessment Exercise and Porter’s Diamond Model. Higher Eduaciton Quarterly, 54(4), 386-410. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2273.00167 Çelik, P. (2014). Antalya Turizm Destinasyonunun Rekabetçilik Analizi [Doktora Tezi Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü]. D’Hauteserre, A.-M. (2000). Lessons İn Managed Destination Competitiveness: The Case of Foxwoods Casino Resort. Tourism management, 21(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00097-7 Das, J. & DiRienzo, C. E. (2009). Global Tourism Competitiveness and Freedom of The Press: A Nonlinear Relationship. Journal of Travel Research, 47(4), 470-479. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287508326535 Dünya Turizm Örgütü (2024). Data, Intelligence and Trends. https://www.unwto.org/archive/competitiveness-market-intelligence Dwyer, L., & Kim, C. (2003). Destination Competitiveness: Determinants and Indicators. Current Issues in Tourism, 6(5), 369-414. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500308667962 Ekin, Y. (2004). Turizm Paydaşları Perspektifinden Turizm Gelişimi ve Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği: Antalya Örneği [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi]. Fernández, J. A. S., Azevedo, P. S., Martin, J. M. M. & Martin, J. A. R. (2020). Determinants of Tourism Destination Competitiveness in The Countries Most Visited by İnternational Tourists: Proposal of A Synthetic İndex. Tourism Management Perspectives, 33, 100582. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00097-7 García, J. A., Gómez, M. & Molina, A. (2012). A Destination-Branding Model: An Empirical Analysis Based on Stakeholders. Tourism Management, 33(3), 646-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.07.006 Goffi, G. (2013). A Model of Tourism Destination Competitiveness: The Case of the Italian Destinations of Excellence (Un Modelo De Destino Turístico Competitivo: El Caso De Los Destinos Italianos De Excelencia). Anuario turismo y sociedad, 14. Gomezelj, D. O. & Mihalic, T. (2008). Destination competitiveness—Applying different models, the case of Slovenia. Tourism management, 29(2), 294-307. Gül, M. & Gül, K. (2022). Destinasyon Rekabetçiliğini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi: Ayvalık Destinasyonu Örneği. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(Ek2), 94-103. https://doi.org/10.32572/guntad.1026556 Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage. Harrison, J. S., Barney, J. B., Freeman, R. E., & Phillips, R. A. (Eds.). (2019). The Cambridge Handbook of Stakeholder Theory. Cambridge University Press. Heath, E. (2002). Towards a Model to Enhance Africa’s Sustainable Tourism Competitiveness. Journal of Public Administration, 37(si-1), 327-353. Kayri, M. (2009). Araştırmalarda Gruplar Arası Farkın Belirlenmesine Yönelik Çoklu Karşılaştırma (Post-Hoc) Teknikleri. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(1), 51- Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. (2023). Van İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü- Genel Bilgiler. https://van.ktb.gov.tr/TR-52093/genel-bilgiler.html Metin, D., & Arslan Kalay, H. (2021). Algılanan Destinasyon İmajının Turist Memnuniyeti ve Tekrar Ziyaret Etme Niyetine Etkisi: Van’ı Ziyaret Eden İranlı Turistler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (54), 325-352. https://doi.org/10.53568/yyusbed.1052574 Meng, F. (2006). An Examination of Destination Competitiveness From The Tourists’ Perspective: The Relationship Between Quality Of Tourism Experience And Perceived Destination Competitiveness [PhD Thesis Virginia Tech]. Morrison, A. M. (2013). Marketing and managing tourism destinations. Routledge. Pallant, J. (2016). SPSS Survival Manual. Mc Graw Hill Education. Porter, M. E. (1990a). Patterns of National Competitive Success. Harvard Business Review, 1, 990. Porter, M. E. (1990b). The Competitive Advonioge of Notions. Harvard Business Review, 73, 91. Porter, M. E. (2008). On competition. Harvard Business Press. Presenza, A., Sheehan, L., & Ritchie, J. B. (2005). Towards a Model of The Roles and Activities of Destination Management Organizations. Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Science, 3(1), 1-16. Ritchie, J. B. & Crouch, G. I. (2003). The Competitive Destination: A Sustainable Tourism Perspective. Cabi. Schalber, C. & Peters, M. (2012). Determinants of Health Tourism Competitiveness: An Alpine Case Study. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 60(3), 307-323. Sert, A. N. & Şahbaz, R. P. (2017). Turist Bakış Açısıyla Destinasyon Rekabet Gücünün Belirlenmesinde Sosyo-Demografik Özelliklerin Etkisine Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 74, 92. Sezer, B. (2021). Sürdürülebilir Turizm Kapsamında Destinasyon Rekabeti: Kuzey Saros Körfezi Üzerine Bir Model Önerisi [Doktora Tezi. İstanbul Üniversitesi]. Sheehan, L. R. & Ritchie, J. B. (2005). Destination Stakeholders Exploring İdentity and Salience. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3), 711-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.10.013 Smith, A. J. (2010). The Competitive Advantage of Nations: İs Porter’s Diamond Framework A New Theory That Explains The İnternational Competitiveness of Countries? Southern African business review, 14(1). Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2012). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson Education. Tokatlıoğlu, İ. (1999). İktisadi Analizde Rekabet Kavramının Gelişimi. Ekonomik Yaklasim, 10(33), 5-26. Tsai, H., Song, H. & Wong, K. K. (2009). Tourism and Hotel Competitiveness Research. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 26(5-6), 522-546. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400903163079 Türk Dil Kurumu, (2022). Türk Dil Kurumu. https://sozluk.gov.tr Weaver, D. B. & Lawton, L. (2014). Tourism Management. John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Zengin, B. & Uyar, H. (2012). Türk Turizm ve Otelcilik Sektöründe Rekabet ve Rekabeti Etkileyen Faktörlerin Otel İşletmelerine Yönelik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Bartın Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 3(5), 1-22.
Destination Competitiveness Analysis from Tourism Stakeholders Perspective Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 55 – 73, 31.07.2024
Emre Karaduman İbrahim Yılmaz
Öz Destinations are visited by people for various reasons, and the diverse attractions in destinations continually place them in a competitive state. The city of Van stands out as a tourism destination with various attractive elements such as its location, cultural and natural heritage from the past, gastronomic richness, and unique flora and fauna. This study aims to evaluate the key factors related to Van’s destination competitiveness effectively by all stakeholder groups. In this respect, the study possesses a pioneering aspect. A survey was conducted with 407 participants within the scope of the study. According to the participants, features such as natural beauty, friendliness of the local people, and the quality of businesses are strengths for Van. On the other hand, the number of flights to the destination and the adequacy of quality practices at the border are identified as weaknesses. Tourists perceive the attractiveness factors under the sub-dimension of destination management and policy in Van to be better than the facilities and services dimension, while local stakeholders assert that the attractiveness factors are better than the other sub-dimensions. Based on the research findings, various recommendations have been proposed for achieving and sustaining destination competitiveness in Van.
Anahtar Kelimeler Stakeholder, Destination Competitiveness, Van
Kaynakça Aas, C., Ladkin, A. & Fletcher, J. (2005). Stakeholder Collaboration and Heritage Management. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(1), 28-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.04.005 Akın, M. H. (2020). Bir Turistik Destinasyon Olarak Kapadokya Bölgesinin Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği Analizi. [Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü]. Alaeddinoğlu, F. & Komşu, M. S. (2017). TRB2 Bölgesi Turizminin Rekabet Gücü Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Karabük Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(2), 428-448. Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. & Yildirim, E. (2010). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı. Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık, 7-253. Andrades-Caldito, L., Sánchez-Rivero, M., & Pulido-Fernández, J.I. (2014). Tourism Destination Competitiveness from a Demand Point of View: An empirical Analysis for Andalusia. Tourism Analysis, 19(4), 425-440. Aqueveque, C. & Bianchi, C. (2017). Tourism Destination Competitiveness of Chile: A Stakeholder Perspective. Tourism Planning & Development, 14(4), 447-466. Bahar, O. (2004). Türkiye’de TurizmSekötörünün Rekabet Gücü Analizi Üzerinde Bir Alan Araştırması: Muğla Örneği [Doktora Tezi Muğla Üniversitesi]. Bahar, O. & Kozak, M. (2005). Küreselleşme Sürecinde: Uluslararası Turizm ve Rekabet Edilebilirlik. Detay Yayıncılık. Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing The Competitive Destination Of The Future. Tourism Management, 21(1), 97-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00095-3 Byrd, E. T., Bosley, H. E. & Dronberger, M. G. (2009). Comparisons of Stakeholder Perceptions of Tourism İmpacts in Rural Eastern North Carolina. Tourism Management, 30(5), 693-703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.10.021 Cihangir, E. & Demirhan, Ö. (2020). Peynir Turizmi Temelli Kültür Rotaları Oluşturulmasına Yönelik Bir Araştırma: Van Otlu Peynir Örneği. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 75, 139-162. DOI: 10.17211/tcd.834251 Cihangir, E. & Şeremet, M. (2020). Van’ın Edremit İlçesinde Turizmin Gelişimi: Rezilyans ve Değişim. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 74, 47-59. DOI:10.17211/tcd.657017. Curran, P. J. (2000). Competititon in UK Higher Education: Competitive Advantage in The Research Assessment Exercise and Porter’s Diamond Model. Higher Eduaciton Quarterly, 54(4), 386-410. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2273.00167 Çelik, P. (2014). Antalya Turizm Destinasyonunun Rekabetçilik Analizi [Doktora Tezi Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü]. D’Hauteserre, A.-M. (2000). Lessons İn Managed Destination Competitiveness: The Case of Foxwoods Casino Resort. Tourism management, 21(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00097-7 Das, J. & DiRienzo, C. E. (2009). Global Tourism Competitiveness and Freedom of The Press: A Nonlinear Relationship. Journal of Travel Research, 47(4), 470-479. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287508326535 Dünya Turizm Örgütü (2024). Data, Intelligence and Trends. https://www.unwto.org/archive/competitiveness-market-intelligence Dwyer, L., & Kim, C. (2003). Destination Competitiveness: Determinants and Indicators. Current Issues in Tourism, 6(5), 369-414. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500308667962 Ekin, Y. (2004). Turizm Paydaşları Perspektifinden Turizm Gelişimi ve Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği: Antalya Örneği [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi]. Fernández, J. A. S., Azevedo, P. S., Martin, J. M. M. & Martin, J. A. R. (2020). Determinants of Tourism Destination Competitiveness in The Countries Most Visited by İnternational Tourists: Proposal of A Synthetic İndex. Tourism Management Perspectives, 33, 100582. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00097-7 García, J. A., Gómez, M. & Molina, A. (2012). A Destination-Branding Model: An Empirical Analysis Based on Stakeholders. Tourism Management, 33(3), 646-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.07.006 Goffi, G. (2013). A Model of Tourism Destination Competitiveness: The Case of the Italian Destinations of Excellence (Un Modelo De Destino Turístico Competitivo: El Caso De Los Destinos Italianos De Excelencia). Anuario turismo y sociedad, 14. Gomezelj, D. O. & Mihalic, T. (2008). Destination competitiveness—Applying different models, the case of Slovenia. Tourism management, 29(2), 294-307. Gül, M. & Gül, K. (2022). Destinasyon Rekabetçiliğini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi: Ayvalık Destinasyonu Örneği. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(Ek2), 94-103. https://doi.org/10.32572/guntad.1026556 Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage. Harrison, J. S., Barney, J. B., Freeman, R. E., & Phillips, R. A. (Eds.). (2019). The Cambridge Handbook of Stakeholder Theory. Cambridge University Press. Heath, E. (2002). Towards a Model to Enhance Africa’s Sustainable Tourism Competitiveness. Journal of Public Administration, 37(si-1), 327-353. Kayri, M. (2009). Araştırmalarda Gruplar Arası Farkın Belirlenmesine Yönelik Çoklu Karşılaştırma (Post-Hoc) Teknikleri. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(1), 51- Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. (2023). Van İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü- Genel Bilgiler. https://van.ktb.gov.tr/TR-52093/genel-bilgiler.html Metin, D., & Arslan Kalay, H. (2021). Algılanan Destinasyon İmajının Turist Memnuniyeti ve Tekrar Ziyaret Etme Niyetine Etkisi: Van’ı Ziyaret Eden İranlı Turistler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (54), 325-352. https://doi.org/10.53568/yyusbed.1052574 Meng, F. (2006). An Examination of Destination Competitiveness From The Tourists’ Perspective: The Relationship Between Quality Of Tourism Experience And Perceived Destination Competitiveness [PhD Thesis Virginia Tech]. Morrison, A. M. (2013). Marketing and managing tourism destinations. Routledge. Pallant, J. (2016). SPSS Survival Manual. Mc Graw Hill Education. Porter, M. E. (1990a). Patterns of National Competitive Success. Harvard Business Review, 1, 990. Porter, M. E. (1990b). The Competitive Advonioge of Notions. Harvard Business Review, 73, 91. Porter, M. E. (2008). On competition. Harvard Business Press. Presenza, A., Sheehan, L., & Ritchie, J. B. (2005). Towards a Model of The Roles and Activities of Destination Management Organizations. Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Science, 3(1), 1-16. Ritchie, J. B. & Crouch, G. I. (2003). The Competitive Destination: A Sustainable Tourism Perspective. Cabi. Schalber, C. & Peters, M. (2012). Determinants of Health Tourism Competitiveness: An Alpine Case Study. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 60(3), 307-323. Sert, A. N. & Şahbaz, R. P. (2017). Turist Bakış Açısıyla Destinasyon Rekabet Gücünün Belirlenmesinde Sosyo-Demografik Özelliklerin Etkisine Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 74, 92. Sezer, B. (2021). Sürdürülebilir Turizm Kapsamında Destinasyon Rekabeti: Kuzey Saros Körfezi Üzerine Bir Model Önerisi [Doktora Tezi. İstanbul Üniversitesi]. Sheehan, L. R. & Ritchie, J. B. (2005). Destination Stakeholders Exploring İdentity and Salience. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3), 711-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.10.013 Smith, A. J. (2010). The Competitive Advantage of Nations: İs Porter’s Diamond Framework A New Theory That Explains The İnternational Competitiveness of Countries? Southern African business review, 14(1). Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2012). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson Education. Tokatlıoğlu, İ. (1999). İktisadi Analizde Rekabet Kavramının Gelişimi. Ekonomik Yaklasim, 10(33), 5-26. Tsai, H., Song, H. & Wong, K. K. (2009). Tourism and Hotel Competitiveness Research. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 26(5-6), 522-546. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400903163079 Türk Dil Kurumu, (2022). Türk Dil Kurumu. https://sozluk.gov.tr Weaver, D. B. & Lawton, L. (2014). Tourism Management. John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Zengin, B. & Uyar, H. (2012). Türk Turizm ve Otelcilik Sektöründe Rekabet ve Rekabeti Etkileyen Faktörlerin Otel İşletmelerine Yönelik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Bartın Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 3(5), 1-22. Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Turizm Ekonomisi, Turizm (Diğer) Bölüm İçindekiler Yazarlar Emre Karaduman YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GEVAŞ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU 0000-0002-2921-8295 Türkiye
İbrahim Yılmaz NEVŞEHİR HACI BEKTAŞ VELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TURİZM FAKÜLTESİ 0000-0003-1493-5379 Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Temmuz 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Mayıs 2024 Kabul Tarihi 9 Temmuz 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster APA Karaduman, E., & Yılmaz, İ. (2024). Turizm Paydaşları Perspektifinden Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği Analizi. Journal of Tourism Research Institute, 5(1), 55-73.
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