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TÜRK KÜTÜPHANECİLİĞİNİN KÖŞE TAŞI OLARAK HALKEVİ KÜTÜPHANELERİ: İZMİR HALKEVİ KÜTÜPHANESİNDEN BUGÜNE YANSIYANLAR Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 73 – 104, 16.07.2024
Mehmet Ali Akkaya Gülten Alır Derbent
https://doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.1516926
Öz This study aims to bring a different and comparative perspective to the new century of the Republic through the services of the Izmir People’s House, one of the best and most effective examples of its kind in Turkey, and the results of these services. In this context, through the library’s services, principles, conditions of use, activities, and especially the details of the relationship between the library and the non-formal education responsibilities that the public house undertook for the society, a cross-section of the history of Turkish librarianship with a unique meaning and depth has been tried to be viewed from today’s window. In the study, the descriptive method was used to construct the conceptual background of the public houses, their services, the perception they created in society and their place in Turkey’s cultural history. In compiling detailed information about the library, one of the main units of the Izmir People’s House, which served between 1932 and 1951, primary and secondary sources were scanned, and then their contents were analyzed in accordance with the purpose of the study. The People’s Houses are among the most effective and widespread examples of the educational breakthrough efforts in the first decade of the young Republic. One of the aspects that give the People’s Houses their identity is their libraries and the meaning attributed to these libraries. This meaning and importance has been much more prominent in the Izmir People’s House, depending on its competence and the services it offers. The quality and quantity of the services offered by the library is the most concrete explanation of this identity acquisition. Despite the limited time it served, the Izmir People’s House library, which is one of the outstanding examples of People’s House libraries in the history of Turkish librarianship that is relatively little known and whose comparison with today’s cultural climate is limited, has demonstrated the ability and competence that can still serve as a guide for the library policy of the city in many respects. This ability was directly influenced by the fact that ‘Fikirler’ magazine, one of the city’s most important periodicals, served as the library’s official public relations and promotional tool. Unlike other studies that focus on People’s Houses and their libraries, this study elaborates on the impact of the People’s House and its library on the cultural climate of the city by tracing its traces to the present day. The contribution of the People’s House and its library to the city is associated with urban identity rather than being a tool of the modernization movement. In this respect, the study stands apart from other studies on the subject of People’s houses,, and presents unique findings on the evolution of İzmir’s urban culture up to the present day.
Anahtar Kelimeler Turkish librarianship, People’s house, Izmir people’s house, People’s house library, Urban culture.
Kaynakça Akkaya, Mehmet Ali ve Polat, Coşkun, “Kent Kültür ve Geleneği ile Değerlerinin Oluşumu ve Aktarımında Halk Kütüphanelerinin Yeri ve Önemi: Niceliksel Verilerle İzmir Örneği”, ÇAKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11/1, 2020, s. 110-137. Akyol, Yaşar, İzmir Halkevi (1932-1951). İzmir 2008. —————-, “Türkiye'de Halk Evlerine İlişkin Çalışmalar ve Değerlendirmeler Üzerine”, Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2/6, 1996, s. 131-145. Arıkan, Zeki, “Halkevlerinin Kuruluşu ve Tarihsel İşlevi”, Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, 6/23, 1999, s. 261-281. Ari, Eyal, “The People’s Houses and The Theatre in Turkey”, Middle Eastern Studies, 40/4, 2004, s. 32-58. Celep, Cevat, Halk Eğitimi, (Genişletilmiş 3. basım). Ankara 2003. Civci, Sultan, Halkevleri ve İzmir Halkevinin Faaliyetleri (1932-1951), Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir 2013. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi Halkevi Öğreneği, Ankara 1938. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi-Halkevleri, Ankara 1944. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi Halkevleri Talimatnamesi, Ankara 1932. Çavdar, Tevfik, “Halkevleri”, Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, Cilt 4, 1983, s. 878-884. Çeçen, Anıl, Halkevleri, Ankara 1990. Ergün, Mustafa, Atatürk Devri Türk Eğitimi, Ankara 1997. Erol, Muzaffer, “Halkevi Kütüphaneleri”, Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 14/4, 2000, s. 472-479 Ersoy, Osman, Halk Kütüphanelerimiz Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Ankara 1966. “Evimiz Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 248-249, 1943, s. 27-28. “Evimiz Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 254-255, 1943, s. 22-23. “Evimiz Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 258-259, 1943, s. 23-24. “Evimiz Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 276-277, 1944, s. 16. “Evimizin Birinci Altı Aylık Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, VІІІ/166-168, 1938, s. 15-44. “Gençlik Sayfası”, Fikirler, VIII/165, 1938, s. 2. Gökberk, Macit, Aydınlanma Felsefesi, Devrimler ve Atatürk, (2. basım). İstanbul 2018. Güneş, Günver, İzmir Türkocağı Faaliyetleri (1923-1931), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir 1990. Güneş, Müslime, “Adnan Menderes ve Halkevleri”. Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, XII/25, 2012, s. 141-155. “Halkevi Haberleri”, Fikirler, 326-327, 1946, s. 39. “Halkevimizin Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 21, 1949, s. 40. “Halkevimizin Eylül Ayı İçindeki Çalışma Faaliyeti”, Fikirler, VII/193, 1939, s. 14. “Halkevimizin Mayıs Ayı İçindeki Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, VII/188, 1939, s. 14. Halkevleri, Ankara, 1951. “Halkevini Görecek Talebe”, Anadolu (15.12.1935), s. 3. “Halkevleri Açılıyor”, Anadolu (20.1.1932), s. 1. “Halkevlerinde Şube İntihapları”, Anadolu (9.2.1932), s. 2. Işıkhan, Serap, “İzmir Devlet Tiyatrosu Binası Özelinde Tarihi Çini Panoların Belgelenmesi ve Koruma Önerisi”, ERASMUS Eğitim ve Sosyal Bilimlerde Uluslararası Akademik Çalışmalar Sempozyumu İzmir 5-6 Nisan 2019, (ed. M. Yılmaz). Elazığ 2019. s. 129-144. İğdemir, Uluğ, Halkevleri Kütüphaneleri İçin Rehber, Ankara 1939. “İzmir Halkevi Kütüphanesi, Okuyucu ve Kitap Sayısı”, Fikirler, XI/308-309, 1946, s. 16. “İzmir Halkevinde Dün Basın Erkânıyla Bir Toplantı Yapıldı”, Anadolu (26.2.1944), s. 3. İzmir Vilayeti İstatistik Müdürlüğü İstatistik Yıllığı, İzmir 1933. İzmir Vilayeti İstatistik Müdürlüğü İstatistik Yıllığı, İzmir 1942. Karayalçın, Yaşar, Kütüphaneciliğimiz Üzerine Bir Bakış, Ankara 1952. Keseroğlu, Hasan Sacid, Halk Kütüphanesi Politikası ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Durum, İstanbul 1989. —————————–, “Halkevlerinde Kitap ve Kütüphane Kıyımı: 1951”, Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 36/4, 2022, s. 495-511. Kunter, Halim Baki, Kuruluşunun 32. Yıldönümünde Halkevleri, Ankara 1964. Oral, Mustafa, “Halkevlerinin Toplumsal ve Kültürel İşlevleri”, Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, XVIII/53, 2002, s. 499-527. Ötüken, Adnan, “Türkiye’de Kütüphanecilik Eğitiminin Tarihçesi”, Türk Kütüphaneciler Derneği Bülteni, VI/1-2, 1957, s. 1-36. Özacun, Orhan, CHP Halkevleri Yayınları Bibliyografyası, İstanbul 2001. Özdemir, Yavuz ve Aktaş, Elif, “Halkevleri (1932’den 1951’e)”, A.Ü. Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Dergisi, 45, 2011, s. 235-262. Özer, İsmail, Halkevleri, İstanbul 2020. Özerdim, Sami N., “Halkevlerinin Kitaplık ve Yayınları”, Atatürk ve Halkevleri içinde, Ankara 1974, s. 239-245. Özertem, Kemal, “İzmir Halkevi Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 226-227, 1942, s. 25-27. Özsarı, Mustafa, “Ege Bölgesi Halkevleri ve Yayın Çalışmaları”, Atatürk Yolu, VІ/23, 1999, 401-415. Pars, Vedide Baha, “Halkevlerinin 18’inci Yıldönümünde”, Fikirler, 308-309, 1950, s. 1-2. Peker, Recep, “Recep Peker Nutku”, Atatürk ve Halkevleri içinde, Ankara 1974, s. 9-17. Sakaoğlu, Necdet, Osmanlı’dan Günümüze Eğitim Tarihi, İstanbul 2003. Şakiroğlu, Mahmut H., “Cumhuriyet Tarihimizde Süreli Yayınlara Kısa Bir Bakış: I-Halkevleri Dergileri”, Türk Kültürü, 13/156, 1975, s. 379-384. Şimşek, Sefa, Bir İdeolojik Seferberlik Deneyimi Halkevleri 1932-1951, İstanbul 2002. Taner, Hasan, Halkevleri Bibliyografyası, Ankara 1944. “Tarih ve Müze Kolu Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 222-223, 1941, s. 21. Toksoy, Nurcan, Halkevleri: Bir Kültürel Kalkınma Modeli Olarak, Ankara 2007. Topuz, Hıfzı, Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Kültür Politikaları, İstanbul, 1998. Tuğluoğlu, Fatih, “Türkiye’de Halkçılık İdeolojisi ve Halkevleri”, Erdem, XIV/42, 2005, s. 101-117. Tunaya, Tarık Zafer, Türkiye’de Siyasi Partiler: 1859-1952, İstanbul 1952. Uluskan, Seda Bayındır, Atatürk’ün Sosyal ve Kültürel Politikaları. Ankara 2010. Zeyrek, Şerafettin, Türkiye’de Halkevleri ve Halkodaları, Ankara 2000.
TÜRK KÜTÜPHANECİLİĞİNİN KÖŞE TAŞI OLARAK HALKEVİ KÜTÜPHANELERİ: İZMİR HALKEVİ KÜTÜPHANESİNDEN BUGÜNE YANSIYANLAR Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 73 – 104, 16.07.2024
Mehmet Ali Akkaya Gülten Alır Derbent
https://doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.1516926
Öz Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde türünün en iyi ve etkin örneklerinden biri olan İzmir Halkevi Kütüphanesinin hizmetleri ve bu hizmetlerin sonuçları üzerinden, Cumhuriyetin yeni yüzyılına farklı ve karşılaştırmalı bir bakış açısı getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda kütüphanenin hizmetleri, ilkeleri, kullanım koşulları, etkinlikleri ve özellikle de halkevinin toplum için üstlendiği yaygın eğitim sorumlulukları ve kütüphane ilişkisinin ayrıntıları üzerinden, Türk kütüphanecilik tarihinin kendine özgü bir anlam ve derinliği olan bir kesitine günümüz penceresinden bakılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada Halkevleri, hizmetleri, toplumda yarattığı algı ve Türkiye’nin kültür tarihindeki yeri ile kavramsal arka planın kurgulanmasında betimleme yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. 1932-1951 yılları arasında hizmet veren İzmir Halkevi’nin temel birimlerinden biri olan kütüphanesini hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi derlenmesinde ise birincil ve ikincil kaynak taraması yapılmış, ardından çalışmanın amacına uygun olarak içerikleri analiz edilmiştir. Halkevleri, genç Cumhuriyetin ilk on yılında gerçekleştirilmiş eğitim-öğretim atılımı çabasının en etkili ve yaygın örneklerinin başında yer alır. Halkevlerine sahip oldukları kimlik tanımlamasını kazandıran hususlardan biri de kütüphaneleri ve bu kütüphanelere yüklenen anlamdır. Bu anlam ve önem, sahip olduğu yetkinlik ve sunduğu hizmetlere bağlı olarak, İzmir Halkevi Kütüphanesinde çok daha ön planda olmuştur. Kütüphanenin sunduğu hizmetlerin nitelik ve niceliği, bu kimlik kazanımını en somut açıklamasıdır. Türk kütüphanecilik tarihinin görece az bilinen ve özellikle günümüz kültür iklimi ile karşılaştırması sınırlı alanda yapılan Halkevi kütüphanelerinin seçkin örneklerinden biri olan İzmir Halkevi Kütüphanesi, hizmet verdiği kısıtlı zamana karşın, pek çok açıdan bugün dahi kentin kütüphane politikası için rehber olabilecek yetenek ve yeterlilik ortaya koymuştur. Bu beceride, kentin önemli süreli yayınlarından biri olan ‘Fikirler’ dergisinin kütüphanenin resmi halkla ilişkiler ve tanıtım aracı olarak faaliyet göstermesi doğrudan etkili olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Halkevleri ve kütüphanelerine odaklanılan diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak, İzmir Halkevi ve kütüphanesinin kentin kültür iklimine olan etkisi, günümüze kadar olan izleri sürülerek ayrıntılandırılmıştır. İzmir Halkevi ve kütüphanesinin kente katkısı, bir modernleşme hareketi aracı olmaktan öte, kent kimliği ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Çalışma hem bu yanıyla Halkevleri konusunda yapılan diğer çalışmalardan ayrı bir yerde durmakta, hem de İzmir kent kültürünün günümüze ulaşan evrimine dair kendine özgü saptamalar ortaya koymaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler Türk kütüphaneciliği, Halkevi, İzmir Halkevi, Halkevi kütüphanesi, Kent kültürü.
Kaynakça Akkaya, Mehmet Ali ve Polat, Coşkun, “Kent Kültür ve Geleneği ile Değerlerinin Oluşumu ve Aktarımında Halk Kütüphanelerinin Yeri ve Önemi: Niceliksel Verilerle İzmir Örneği”, ÇAKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11/1, 2020, s. 110-137. Akyol, Yaşar, İzmir Halkevi (1932-1951). İzmir 2008. —————-, “Türkiye'de Halk Evlerine İlişkin Çalışmalar ve Değerlendirmeler Üzerine”, Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2/6, 1996, s. 131-145. Arıkan, Zeki, “Halkevlerinin Kuruluşu ve Tarihsel İşlevi”, Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, 6/23, 1999, s. 261-281. Ari, Eyal, “The People’s Houses and The Theatre in Turkey”, Middle Eastern Studies, 40/4, 2004, s. 32-58. Celep, Cevat, Halk Eğitimi, (Genişletilmiş 3. basım). Ankara 2003. Civci, Sultan, Halkevleri ve İzmir Halkevinin Faaliyetleri (1932-1951), Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir 2013. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi Halkevi Öğreneği, Ankara 1938. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi-Halkevleri, Ankara 1944. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi Halkevleri Talimatnamesi, Ankara 1932. Çavdar, Tevfik, “Halkevleri”, Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, Cilt 4, 1983, s. 878-884. Çeçen, Anıl, Halkevleri, Ankara 1990. Ergün, Mustafa, Atatürk Devri Türk Eğitimi, Ankara 1997. Erol, Muzaffer, “Halkevi Kütüphaneleri”, Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 14/4, 2000, s. 472-479 Ersoy, Osman, Halk Kütüphanelerimiz Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Ankara 1966. “Evimiz Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 248-249, 1943, s. 27-28. “Evimiz Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 254-255, 1943, s. 22-23. “Evimiz Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 258-259, 1943, s. 23-24. “Evimiz Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 276-277, 1944, s. 16. “Evimizin Birinci Altı Aylık Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, VІІІ/166-168, 1938, s. 15-44. “Gençlik Sayfası”, Fikirler, VIII/165, 1938, s. 2. Gökberk, Macit, Aydınlanma Felsefesi, Devrimler ve Atatürk, (2. basım). İstanbul 2018. Güneş, Günver, İzmir Türkocağı Faaliyetleri (1923-1931), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir 1990. Güneş, Müslime, “Adnan Menderes ve Halkevleri”. Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, XII/25, 2012, s. 141-155. “Halkevi Haberleri”, Fikirler, 326-327, 1946, s. 39. “Halkevimizin Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 21, 1949, s. 40. “Halkevimizin Eylül Ayı İçindeki Çalışma Faaliyeti”, Fikirler, VII/193, 1939, s. 14. “Halkevimizin Mayıs Ayı İçindeki Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, VII/188, 1939, s. 14. Halkevleri, Ankara, 1951. “Halkevini Görecek Talebe”, Anadolu (15.12.1935), s. 3. “Halkevleri Açılıyor”, Anadolu (20.1.1932), s. 1. “Halkevlerinde Şube İntihapları”, Anadolu (9.2.1932), s. 2. Işıkhan, Serap, “İzmir Devlet Tiyatrosu Binası Özelinde Tarihi Çini Panoların Belgelenmesi ve Koruma Önerisi”, ERASMUS Eğitim ve Sosyal Bilimlerde Uluslararası Akademik Çalışmalar Sempozyumu İzmir 5-6 Nisan 2019, (ed. M. Yılmaz). Elazığ 2019. s. 129-144. İğdemir, Uluğ, Halkevleri Kütüphaneleri İçin Rehber, Ankara 1939. “İzmir Halkevi Kütüphanesi, Okuyucu ve Kitap Sayısı”, Fikirler, XI/308-309, 1946, s. 16. “İzmir Halkevinde Dün Basın Erkânıyla Bir Toplantı Yapıldı”, Anadolu (26.2.1944), s. 3. İzmir Vilayeti İstatistik Müdürlüğü İstatistik Yıllığı, İzmir 1933. İzmir Vilayeti İstatistik Müdürlüğü İstatistik Yıllığı, İzmir 1942. Karayalçın, Yaşar, Kütüphaneciliğimiz Üzerine Bir Bakış, Ankara 1952. Keseroğlu, Hasan Sacid, Halk Kütüphanesi Politikası ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Durum, İstanbul 1989. —————————–, “Halkevlerinde Kitap ve Kütüphane Kıyımı: 1951”, Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 36/4, 2022, s. 495-511. Kunter, Halim Baki, Kuruluşunun 32. Yıldönümünde Halkevleri, Ankara 1964. Oral, Mustafa, “Halkevlerinin Toplumsal ve Kültürel İşlevleri”, Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, XVIII/53, 2002, s. 499-527. Ötüken, Adnan, “Türkiye’de Kütüphanecilik Eğitiminin Tarihçesi”, Türk Kütüphaneciler Derneği Bülteni, VI/1-2, 1957, s. 1-36. Özacun, Orhan, CHP Halkevleri Yayınları Bibliyografyası, İstanbul 2001. Özdemir, Yavuz ve Aktaş, Elif, “Halkevleri (1932’den 1951’e)”, A.Ü. Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Dergisi, 45, 2011, s. 235-262. Özer, İsmail, Halkevleri, İstanbul 2020. Özerdim, Sami N., “Halkevlerinin Kitaplık ve Yayınları”, Atatürk ve Halkevleri içinde, Ankara 1974, s. 239-245. Özertem, Kemal, “İzmir Halkevi Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 226-227, 1942, s. 25-27. Özsarı, Mustafa, “Ege Bölgesi Halkevleri ve Yayın Çalışmaları”, Atatürk Yolu, VІ/23, 1999, 401-415. Pars, Vedide Baha, “Halkevlerinin 18’inci Yıldönümünde”, Fikirler, 308-309, 1950, s. 1-2. Peker, Recep, “Recep Peker Nutku”, Atatürk ve Halkevleri içinde, Ankara 1974, s. 9-17. Sakaoğlu, Necdet, Osmanlı’dan Günümüze Eğitim Tarihi, İstanbul 2003. Şakiroğlu, Mahmut H., “Cumhuriyet Tarihimizde Süreli Yayınlara Kısa Bir Bakış: I-Halkevleri Dergileri”, Türk Kültürü, 13/156, 1975, s. 379-384. Şimşek, Sefa, Bir İdeolojik Seferberlik Deneyimi Halkevleri 1932-1951, İstanbul 2002. Taner, Hasan, Halkevleri Bibliyografyası, Ankara 1944. “Tarih ve Müze Kolu Çalışmaları”, Fikirler, 222-223, 1941, s. 21. Toksoy, Nurcan, Halkevleri: Bir Kültürel Kalkınma Modeli Olarak, Ankara 2007. Topuz, Hıfzı, Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Kültür Politikaları, İstanbul, 1998. Tuğluoğlu, Fatih, “Türkiye’de Halkçılık İdeolojisi ve Halkevleri”, Erdem, XIV/42, 2005, s. 101-117. Tunaya, Tarık Zafer, Türkiye’de Siyasi Partiler: 1859-1952, İstanbul 1952. Uluskan, Seda Bayındır, Atatürk’ün Sosyal ve Kültürel Politikaları. Ankara 2010. Zeyrek, Şerafettin, Türkiye’de Halkevleri ve Halkodaları, Ankara 2000. Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi Bölüm Makaleler Yazarlar Mehmet Ali Akkaya İZMİR KATİP ÇELEBİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ Türkiye
Gülten Alır Derbent İZMİR KATİP ÇELEBİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Temmuz 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Şubat 2024 Kabul Tarihi 20 Nisan 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1
Kaynak Göster Chicago Akkaya, Mehmet Ali, ve Gülten Alır Derbent. “TÜRK KÜTÜPHANECİLİĞİNİN KÖŞE TAŞI OLARAK HALKEVİ KÜTÜPHANELERİ: İZMİR HALKEVİ KÜTÜPHANESİNDEN BUGÜNE YANSIYANLAR”. Cihannüma Tarih Ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi 10, sy. 1 (Temmuz 2024): 73-104. https://doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.1516926.
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