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TÜRKİYE’DE COĞRAFİ BİLGİ SİSTEMİ TABANLI YATIRIM TEŞVİK POLİTİKALARININ OLUŞTURULMASI Skip to content Yıl 2024, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 46, 276 – 301, 30.06.2024
Seda Sağlamyürek Taşdemir Alper Veli Çam
Öz The main purpose of this study is to create different investment incentive maps based on Geographic Information Systems by evaluating Turkey’s current investment incentive policies. The other aim of the study is to prove the usability of Geographic Information Systems in creating investment incentive policies. In the study using ArcGIS 10.7, Moran’s I method was used for spatial autocorrelation and Geographically Weighted Regression analysis was used for spatial analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the energy, agriculture and export incentive regions created according to the Geographically Weighted Regression method differ from the existing incentive regions. It has been concluded that the investment incentive system should be rearranged according to the geographical characteristics of the provinces in order to experience national development in Turkey, increase productivity, ensure competitive advantage, and sustain regional development by eliminating interregional income inequality. In the study, investment incentive regions have been reconstructed using a different method (Geographic Information Systems). It is expected that the study will make a important contribution to the literature in terms of reconstructing national and regional development policies and proving the usability of different methods.
Anahtar Kelimeler Regional Development, Geographical Weighted Regression Analysis, Geographic Information Systems
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Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 41(1), 51-60. Hung, T. ve Yasuoka Y. (2001). Integratıng Spatıal Statıstıcs and GIS for Regional Studies In Thailand, http://www.geocomputation.org/2001/papers/tran.pdf, ( 05.05.2012). Jain, M., Korzhenevych, A. ve Sridharan, N. (2019). Determinants of Growth in Non‑Municipal Areas of Delhi: Rural–Urban Dichotomy Revisited. Journal of Housing and The Built Environment, 34(3), 715-734. Karaağaç G., Altınırmak S. ve Ergün M. (2019). Eskişehir İli Tepebaşı İlçesi’ne Ait Gayrimenkul Değer Artış Haritalarının Oluşturulması. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergisi, 42, 115-140. Li, Y. ve Wei, Y.H. D. (2010). The Spatial-Temporal Hierarchy of Regional Inequality of China. Applied Geography, 30, 303–316. Lu, B., Brunsdon, C., Charlton, M. ve Harris, P. (2017). Geographically Weighted Regression with Parameter- Specific Distance Metrics. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 31(5), 982-998. Lu, B., Yang, W., Ge, Y. ve Harris, P. (2018). Improvements to the Calibration of a Geographically Weighted Regression with Parameterspecific Distance Metrics and Bandwidths. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 71, 41-57. Mehralizade, F. (2019). Türkiye'nin Bölgesel Kalkınmaya Yönelik Teşvik Politikalarının Azerbaycan İçin Uygulanabilirliği. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul. Nicu I. (2016). Cultural Heritage Assessment and Vulnerability Using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information Systems. An Approach to Historical Maps, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 20, 103-111. Obi Reddy, G. P. ve Singh, S. K. (2018). Geospatial Technologies in Land Resources Mapping, Monitoring, and Management, England: Springer. Odland, J. (1988). Spatial Autocorrelation, Newbury Park, CA Newbury: Sage Publications. Overmars, K.P., Koning, G.H.I. ve Velkamp, A. (2003). Spatial Autocorrelation in Multi-Scale Land Use Models. Ecological Modeling, 164: 257-270. Özkubat, G. ve Selim, S., (2019). Türkiye’de İllerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişliği: Bir Mekânsal Ekonometrik Analiz. Alphanumeric Journal, 7 (2), 449-470. Raiher, A. P., Stege, A. L. ve Carmo, A. S.S. (2017). Effect of Exports on the Economic Growth of Brazilian Microregions: An Analysis with Geographically Weighted Regression. International Journal of Economics and Finance; 9(12), 236-248. Rolf, A. ve De By, R. A. (2001). Principles of Geographic Information Systems, The International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC). http://ndl.ethernet.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/52829/1/14.pdf, (11.04.2021). Rüstemov, V. (2014). Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve 3D Modelleme. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2014(4), 146-150. Sakarya, A. ve İbişoğlu, Ç., (2015). Türkiye’de İllerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Endeksinin Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon Modeli İle Analizi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 32, 211-238. Scholten, H. J. ve Stillwell, J. C. (1990). Geographical Information Systems: The Emerging Requirements. In Geographical Information Systems for Urban and Regional Planning, 17, 3-14. Singh, V. P. ve Fiorentino, M. (2013). Geographical Information Systems in Hydrology, Germany: Springer Science & Business Media. Stillwell, J. ve Clarke, G. (2003). Applied GIS and Spatial Analysis, USA: John Wiley & Sons. Sun, Y., Ma, A., Su, H., Su, S.. Chen, F., Wang, W. ve Weng, M. (2020). Does the Establishment of Development Zones Really Improve Industrial Land Use Efficiency? Implications for China’s High-Quality Development Policy. Land Use Policy, 90, 1-14. Tobin, P.C. (2004). Estimation of The Spatial Autocorrelation Function: Consequences of Sampling Dynamic Populations in Space and Time. Ecography, 27(6): 767-775. Ünlü V.C. (2019). Kadın Girişimciliğinin Bölgesel Dağılımının Belirlenmesinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri İle Haritalandırma Metodunun Kullanımı: Eskişehir Örneği. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Eskişehir. Wang, J. (2018). Strategic Interaction and Economic Development Incentives Policy: Evidence from U.S. States. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 68, 249-259. Yalçın, C. (2017). Tematik Coğrafi Haritalar İle Edirne’nin Sanayi ve Ar-Ge Yetenek Envanterinin Oluşturulması. Verimlilik Dergisi, 2, 121-133. Yalçın, C. ve Yüce, M. (2020). Burdur’da Güneş Enerjisi Santrali (Ges) Yatırımına Uygun Alanların CBS Tabanlı AHPYöntemiyle Tespiti. Geomatik Dergisi, 5(1); 36-46. Yıldırım, J. (2005). Regional Policy and Economic Convergence in Turkey: a Spatial Data Analysis, https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.572.4015&rep=rep1&type=pdf, (04.02.2021). Yıldızak, G. B. (2020). Almanya’nın Bölgesel Kalkınma Politikaları ve Bölgesel Kalkınma Ajansları Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Management and Political Sciences Review, 2(1), 195- 218. Yu, D. ve Wei, Y. D. (2006). Spatial Data Analysis Of Regional Development in Greater Beijing. China, in A GIS Environment, Papers in Regional Science, 87(1), 97-117. Zanbak, M. ve Özdemir, M. Ç. (2019). The Effects of Investment Incentives on Regional Labour Markets in Turkey. The Dynamics of Growth in Emerging Economies, Editor: Wigley, A.A. and Çağatay, Routledge, London, 75-97. Zeybek, H. İ. ve Çam, H. (2020). Mobil Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemlerinin Kullanımını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 11(Ek), 14-26. Zeybek, H.İ, Çam, H. ve Çam, A.V. (2018). Türkiye’nin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Tabanlı Finansal Risk Haritası. Acta Infologica, 2(2): 52-58.
TÜRKİYE’DE COĞRAFİ BİLGİ SİSTEMİ TABANLI YATIRIM TEŞVİK POLİTİKALARININ OLUŞTURULMASI Yıl 2024, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 46, 276 – 301, 30.06.2024
Seda Sağlamyürek Taşdemir Alper Veli Çam
Öz Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’nin yürürlükteki yatırım teşvik politikaları değerlendirilerek, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri tabanlı farklı yatırım teşvik haritaları oluşturmaktır. Çalışmanın diğer amacı ise yatırım teşvik politikalarının oluşturulmasında Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemlerinin kullanılabilirliğini ispatlamaktır. ArcGIS 10.7.kullanılan çalışmada, mekânsal oto korelasyon için Moran’s I yöntemi, mekânsal analizler için ise Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon yöntemine göre oluşturulan enerji, tarım ve ihracat teşvik bölgelerinin mevcut teşvik bölgelerinden farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Türkiye’de ulusal kalkınmanın yaşanması, verimliliğin arttırılması, rekabet üstünlüğünün sağlanması ve bölgelerarası gelir eşitsizliğinin giderilerek bölgesel kalkınmanın sürdürülebilmesi için yatırım teşvik sisteminin illerin coğrafi özelliklerine göre yeniden düzenlenmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışmada yatırım teşvik bölgeleri farklı bir yöntemle (Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri) yeniden oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmanın, ulusal ve bölgesel kalkınma politikalarının yeniden oluşturulması ve farklı yöntemlerin kullanılabilirliğini ispatlama açısından literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler Bölgesel Kalkınma, Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon Analizi, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri
Etik Beyan Etik Kurul Kararı gerektirmeyen bir çalışmadır.
Kaynakça Akyol, M. (2016). Bölgesel Kalkınma ve Yeni Yatırım Teşvik Sisteminin Ekonomik Etkilerinin Analizi. Global Journal of Economics and Business Studies, 5(9), 49-61. Albuquerque, H., Costa, C. ve Martins, F. (2018). The Use of Geographical Information Systems For Tourism Marketing Purposes in Aveiro Region (Portugal). Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 172-178. Alıcı, A. (2019). The Analysis of Regional Investment Incentives System in Turkey. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of Economics, Ankara. Chaurey, R. (2016). Location-Based Tax Incentives: Evidence from India. Journal of Public Economics, 156, 101- 120. Collet, C., Consuegra, D. ve Joerin, F. (1996). “GIS Needs and GIS Software. In Geographical Information Systems in Hydrology, 26, 115-174. Cui, W., Li, J., Xu, W. ve Güneralp, B. (2021). Industrial Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: A Spatiotemporal Analysis Across Prefecture-Level Cities in China From 1999 To 2014. Energy, 222, 1-11. Çelik N.(2017). Teşvik Politikalarının Etkinliğinin Mekansal Perspektiften Değerlendirilmesi. Ege Akademik Bakış / Ege Academıc Revıew, 17(1), 1-12. Dağ, M., Ökde, F., Börü, İ.E. ve Ökde, B. (2017). Türkiye'de Bölgesel Teşvik Uygulamalarının Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi. Social Sciences Studies Journal, 3(9):767-778. Deller, S. ve Watson, P. (2015). Spatial Variations in The Relationship Between Economic Diversity and Stability. Applied Economics Letters, 23(7), 520-525. Doğan, E. (2018). Bölgesel Nitelikli Yatırım Teşviklerine Yönelik Temel Mantık ve Mekansal Otokorelasyon Yöntemi ile Bir Değerlendirme. Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), 141-160. Dubé, J. ve Legros D. (2014). Spatial Econometrics Using Microdata, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Elsahragty, M., ve Kim J. (2015). Assessment and Strategies to Reduce Light Pollution using Geographic Information Systems. Procedia Engineering, 118,479 – 488. Fotheringham, A. S., Brunsdon, C. ve Charlton, M. (2003). Geographically Weighted Regression: The Analysis of Spatially Varying Relationships. USA: John Wiley & Sons. Fotheringham, A. S., Yang, W. ve Kang, W. (2017). Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR). Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 107(6), 1247-1265. Fu, W. J., Jiang, P. K. , Zhou, G. M. ve Zhao, K. L. (2014). Using Moran’s I and GIS to Study The Spatial Pattern of Forest Litter Carbon Density in a Subtropical Region of Southeastern China. Biogeosciences, 11(8), 2401-2409. Gezici, F. ve Hewıngs, G.J.D. (2003). Spatial Analysis of Regional Inequalities in Turkey. European Planning Studies, 15(3), 383-403. Gupta, Y. ve Sharma, M. (2020). Estimating Sustainable Location for Harvesting Solar Power Using Geographical Information Systems and Remote Sensing Methods. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 41(1), 51-60. Hung, T. ve Yasuoka Y. (2001). Integratıng Spatıal Statıstıcs and GIS for Regional Studies In Thailand, http://www.geocomputation.org/2001/papers/tran.pdf, ( 05.05.2012). Jain, M., Korzhenevych, A. ve Sridharan, N. (2019). Determinants of Growth in Non‑Municipal Areas of Delhi: Rural–Urban Dichotomy Revisited. Journal of Housing and The Built Environment, 34(3), 715-734. Karaağaç G., Altınırmak S. ve Ergün M. (2019). Eskişehir İli Tepebaşı İlçesi’ne Ait Gayrimenkul Değer Artış Haritalarının Oluşturulması. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergisi, 42, 115-140. Li, Y. ve Wei, Y.H. D. (2010). The Spatial-Temporal Hierarchy of Regional Inequality of China. Applied Geography, 30, 303–316. Lu, B., Brunsdon, C., Charlton, M. ve Harris, P. (2017). Geographically Weighted Regression with Parameter- Specific Distance Metrics. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 31(5), 982-998. Lu, B., Yang, W., Ge, Y. ve Harris, P. (2018). Improvements to the Calibration of a Geographically Weighted Regression with Parameterspecific Distance Metrics and Bandwidths. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 71, 41-57. Mehralizade, F. (2019). Türkiye'nin Bölgesel Kalkınmaya Yönelik Teşvik Politikalarının Azerbaycan İçin Uygulanabilirliği. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul. Nicu I. (2016). Cultural Heritage Assessment and Vulnerability Using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information Systems. An Approach to Historical Maps, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 20, 103-111. Obi Reddy, G. P. ve Singh, S. K. (2018). Geospatial Technologies in Land Resources Mapping, Monitoring, and Management, England: Springer. Odland, J. (1988). Spatial Autocorrelation, Newbury Park, CA Newbury: Sage Publications. Overmars, K.P., Koning, G.H.I. ve Velkamp, A. (2003). Spatial Autocorrelation in Multi-Scale Land Use Models. Ecological Modeling, 164: 257-270. Özkubat, G. ve Selim, S., (2019). Türkiye’de İllerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişliği: Bir Mekânsal Ekonometrik Analiz. Alphanumeric Journal, 7 (2), 449-470. Raiher, A. P., Stege, A. L. ve Carmo, A. S.S. (2017). Effect of Exports on the Economic Growth of Brazilian Microregions: An Analysis with Geographically Weighted Regression. International Journal of Economics and Finance; 9(12), 236-248. Rolf, A. ve De By, R. A. (2001). Principles of Geographic Information Systems, The International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC). http://ndl.ethernet.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/52829/1/14.pdf, (11.04.2021). Rüstemov, V. (2014). Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve 3D Modelleme. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2014(4), 146-150. Sakarya, A. ve İbişoğlu, Ç., (2015). Türkiye’de İllerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Endeksinin Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon Modeli İle Analizi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 32, 211-238. Scholten, H. J. ve Stillwell, J. C. (1990). Geographical Information Systems: The Emerging Requirements. In Geographical Information Systems for Urban and Regional Planning, 17, 3-14. Singh, V. P. ve Fiorentino, M. (2013). Geographical Information Systems in Hydrology, Germany: Springer Science & Business Media. Stillwell, J. ve Clarke, G. (2003). Applied GIS and Spatial Analysis, USA: John Wiley & Sons. Sun, Y., Ma, A., Su, H., Su, S.. Chen, F., Wang, W. ve Weng, M. (2020). Does the Establishment of Development Zones Really Improve Industrial Land Use Efficiency? Implications for China’s High-Quality Development Policy. Land Use Policy, 90, 1-14. Tobin, P.C. (2004). Estimation of The Spatial Autocorrelation Function: Consequences of Sampling Dynamic Populations in Space and Time. Ecography, 27(6): 767-775. Ünlü V.C. (2019). Kadın Girişimciliğinin Bölgesel Dağılımının Belirlenmesinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri İle Haritalandırma Metodunun Kullanımı: Eskişehir Örneği. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Eskişehir. Wang, J. (2018). Strategic Interaction and Economic Development Incentives Policy: Evidence from U.S. States. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 68, 249-259. Yalçın, C. (2017). Tematik Coğrafi Haritalar İle Edirne’nin Sanayi ve Ar-Ge Yetenek Envanterinin Oluşturulması. Verimlilik Dergisi, 2, 121-133. Yalçın, C. ve Yüce, M. (2020). Burdur’da Güneş Enerjisi Santrali (Ges) Yatırımına Uygun Alanların CBS Tabanlı AHPYöntemiyle Tespiti. Geomatik Dergisi, 5(1); 36-46. Yıldırım, J. (2005). Regional Policy and Economic Convergence in Turkey: a Spatial Data Analysis, https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.572.4015&rep=rep1&type=pdf, (04.02.2021). Yıldızak, G. B. (2020). Almanya’nın Bölgesel Kalkınma Politikaları ve Bölgesel Kalkınma Ajansları Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Management and Political Sciences Review, 2(1), 195- 218. Yu, D. ve Wei, Y. D. (2006). Spatial Data Analysis Of Regional Development in Greater Beijing. China, in A GIS Environment, Papers in Regional Science, 87(1), 97-117. Zanbak, M. ve Özdemir, M. Ç. (2019). The Effects of Investment Incentives on Regional Labour Markets in Turkey. The Dynamics of Growth in Emerging Economies, Editor: Wigley, A.A. and Çağatay, Routledge, London, 75-97. Zeybek, H. İ. ve Çam, H. (2020). Mobil Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemlerinin Kullanımını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 11(Ek), 14-26. Zeybek, H.İ, Çam, H. ve Çam, A.V. (2018). Türkiye’nin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Tabanlı Finansal Risk Haritası. Acta Infologica, 2(2): 52-58. Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar Birincil Dil Türkçe Konular Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer) Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi Yazarlar Seda Sağlamyürek Taşdemir GÜMÜŞHANE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0002-1162-9037 Türkiye
Alper Veli Çam GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY, GÜMÜŞHANE HEALTH ACADEMY Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 28 Haziran 2024 Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024 Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Kasım 2023 Kabul Tarihi 20 Mayıs 2024 Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 46
Kaynak Göster APA Sağlamyürek Taşdemir, S., & Çam, A. V. (2024). TÜRKİYE’DE COĞRAFİ BİLGİ SİSTEMİ TABANLI YATIRIM TEŞVİK POLİTİKALARININ OLUŞTURULMASI. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal Ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 26(46), 276-301.
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