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YANYA Skip to content Yunanistan’da tarihî bir şehir.
Günümüzde Ioannina denilen şehir Yunanistan’ın kuzeybatısında dağlık bir bölge olan Epir’in (Epirus) siyasal, ekonomik ve kültürel merkezidir. Deniz seviyesinden 520 m. yükseklikte, bir platonun doğusunda bulunan Pambotis (Pamvotis) gölüne doğru uzanan küçük bir yarımadanın üzerinde kurulmuştur. Yanya gölü adı da verilen Pambotis gölünün kuzeydoğu tarafı Mitsikeli dağıyla çevrilidir. Yanya’nın iskân tarihi antik döneme kadar uzanır. 1983’te yapılan kazılar sonucu temelleri antik döneme inen kalıntılar üzerinde yer alan XIII. yüzyıla ait bir hamam bulunmuş, ayrıca antik şehir oluşumları Bizans-Osmanlı kalesi temelinde keşfedilmiştir. Dolayısıyla buranın, Procopius’un da ifade ettiği gibi, İmparator I. Iustinianos (527-565) tarafından inşa ettirilen New Euroia olduğu yolundaki bilgiler yanlıştır. Ayrıca 2007’de ele geçen Korint gümüş sikkelerinin milâttan önce 350-338 yıllarına kadar geri gittiği de anlaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte bu antik yerleşim biriminin adı bilinmemektedir.
Ortaçağ Ioanninası’nın (Yanya) eski St. Ioannis Prodromos Manastırı’nın civarında geliştiği rivayet edilir. Şehrin adı ilk defa 673 tarihli Navpaktos Konsili’nin kayıtlarında piskoposluk merkezi diye geçer. Yöreye 600 yılı civarında kalabalık Slav grupları göç etti. X. yüzyılda bunları kuzeyden gelen Ulahlar’la XIV. yüzyılda Arnavutlar izledi. Her üç grup Yanya kesimine yerleşerek arkalarında birçok köyün adında yaşayan izler bıraktı. Piskoposluk merkezi olarak Yanya’nın adı 879’daki İstanbul Konsili’nde tekrar zikredilir. X. yüzyılda Yanya ve Epirus Bulgar Krallığı’na katıldı. 1020’de Bizans İmparatoru II. Basileios, Bulgarlar’ı mağlûp ettikten sonra Güney Balkanlar’daki idarî bölgeleri yeniden düzenleyip Yanya’yı Ohri Başpiskoposluğu’na bağladı. 1081’de Bohemund kumandasındaki Sicilya Normanları şehri ele geçirdi. Bohemund şehrin İkinci Akropolis’i haline gelen yarımadanın kuzey tepesini tahkim ettirdi. Birinci Akropolis Osmanlı döneminde İçkale olan güney tepesidir. Bohemund ayrıca yarımadayı ana karadan ayıran bir hendek kazdırdı. 1153’te Şerîf el-İdrîsî ve 1160’ta İspanyol yahudi seyyahı Tudelalı Benjamin şehrin çok müreffeh olduğunu belirtirler. 1204’teki IV. Haçlı Seferi’nden sonra Despot I. Mikael Angelos (Komnenos) 1430’a kadar yaşayan bağımsız Yunan Epirus Despotluğu’nu kurdu; Yanya bu despotluğun merkezi yapıldı. Mikael şehri ve kaleyi büyüttü. Pek çok Yunanlı, Frenkler tarafından işgal edilen toprakları terkederek Yanya’ya yerleşti.
Yanya özellikle XIII ve XIV. yüzyıllarda hareketli bir döneme şahit oldu. XIII. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında pek çok defa el değiştirdi. 1318’de tekrar Bizans İmparatorluğu’na katılsa da bir dereceye kadar özerkliğini korudu. Piskoposluk rütbesi metropolitliğe yükseltildi. 1342’de Sırp Kralı Stefan Duşan tarafından ilhak edildi. Onun 1355’te ölümünden sonra üvey kardeşi Symeon Uroş, Epir ve Tesalya’nın idaresini eline aldı. 1366-1367’de şehir acımasız bir despot olan Sırp Kralı Tomas Preljubović’in idaresine girdi. 1379’da Malakasi Arnavutları, Bulgarlar ve Ulahlar’dan meydana gelen bir birlik Yanya’ya saldırdıysa da Tomas tarafından mağlûp edildi; 1380’deki saldırıda ise Tomas, Osmanlılar’dan yardım istedi. I. Murad, Gjin Shpata komutasındaki Arnavutlar’ı püskürten Lala Şâhin kumandasında bir kuvveti Epir’e gönderdi. 1382 Mayısında Lala Şâhin, Tomas’a yardım için tekrar geldi. 1384 yazında Lala Şâhin’in yerini alan Timurtaş Paşa büyük bir ordu ile Epir’e döndü ve Sphata’yı Arta’dan (Narda) çıkarmaya çalıştı. Aynı yılın Aralığında Tomas bir saray entrikası neticesinde ölünce dul eşi Maria Angelina, Floransalı zengin bir maceracı olan Esau Buondelmonti ile evlendi. Yeniden Arnavut tehdidiyle karşılaşan Esau 1386’da Osmanlılar’la irtibat kurarak I. Murad’ı ziyaret etti ve Osmanlı ordusunun yardımını sağladı. 1389 Haziranında I. Murad’ın Kosova Savaşı’nda ölümünün ardından Sphata, Yanya’ya tekrar saldırdı. Aynı yılın kış mevsiminde I. Bayezid, Esau’ya yardım etmek için bir kuvvet gönderdi ve Arnavutlar’ı püskürttü. Daha sonra Esau, Bayezid’in yanına gidip Osmanlılar’la yeni bir anlaşma yaptı. 1390’da Gazi Evrenos kumandasındaki bir Osmanlı birliğinin eşliğinde Yanya’ya döndü ve bu müttefik kuvvetler Arnavutlar’ı mağlûp ederek dağlara çekilmeye zorladı.
Esau 1411 Şubatında ölünce Yanyalılar Kephalonia (Kefalonya), Levkas (Ayamavra) ve Vonitsa’nın hâkimi İtalyan lordu Carlo Tocco’yu şehri teslim etmek üzere davet ettiler; böylece Yanya, Carlo Tocco’nun yönetimine geçti. Carlo Tocco, Osmanlılar’ın yardımıyla Arnavut tehdidine son verdi. Evlilik dışı doğan kızlarından birini 1413’ün ilk günlerinde Mûsâ Çelebi ile evlendirdi. Mûsâ’nın ölümünden sonra Çelebi Mehmed hâkimiyetini sürdürmesi için ona müsaade etti; ayrıca veziri Bayezid Paşa’nın kardeşi Hamza Bey’e bir iyi niyet göstergesi olarak Mûsâ’nın dul eşini verdi. Carlo böylece Arta’yı kendi topraklarına kattı, 1429 Temmuzundaki ölümüne kadar buraları elinde tuttu. Yerine yeğeni II. Carlo geçti. 1430’un ilkbaharında I. Carlo’nun evlilik dışı oğullarının en büyüğü Hercules, II. Murad’ın yanına giderek II. Carlo’yu bertaraf etmek için yardım istedi. Bu sırada Rumeli beylerbeyi olan Sinan Paşa da Yanya’ya karşı harekete geçmişti. 1430’da II. Murad Selânik’i kuşattığında Yanya halkından bir temsilci grubunun şehri Osmanlılar’a teklif ettiği ve şehrin anahtarlarını Selânik’in hemen dışında bulunan Kleidi köyüne getirdiği söylenir. Ancak Yanya’nın ilhakıyla ilgili bu rivayet ilk dönem Osmanlı kroniklerinde yer almaz. Bizans tarihçisi Sphrantzes’e (Sfrancis) göre Yanya 1430’un Ekim ayında “Türkler’in Beylerbeyi” Sinan Paşa’ya teslim oldu. Sinan Paşa, Emîr Süleyman Çelebi zamanından itibaren (1402-1411) gerek askerî gerekse diplomatik faaliyetleri dolayısıyla Epir’i ve Batı Yunanistan’ı iyi biliyordu. II. Murad, Sinan Paşa’nın idaresindeki şehre dinî-malî imtiyazlar tanıdı. II. Murad’ın bu fermanı Miklosich-Müller tarafından Yunanca tercümesiyle birlikte yayımlanmıştır. Fermandaki haklar hemen hemen iki yüzyıl yürürlükte kaldı. Kalede bir Osmanlı askerî birliği bırakıldı ve anonim kroniğe göre askerler Yanyalı Grek kızlarıyla evlendirildi. Yarım yüzyıl Türkler’le yaşamaya ve birlikte çalışmaya alışan Yanya’nın Frenk idaresinden Osmanlı idaresine geçişi uyum içinde gerçekleşti. I. Carlo Tocco’nun evlilik dışı doğan çocuklarından bazıları İslâmiyet’i benimsedi, bu sebeple Karlozâdeler (Karlızâde) olarak tanındı ve önemli Osmanlı kumandanları arasında yer aldı. Arkalarında günümüze intikal eden Karlova (Bulgaristan) ve Üsküp şehirlerindeki tarihî camileri bıraktılar (bk. KARLI-İLİ ).
Osmanlı döneminde Yanya giderek gelişti ve Ortaçağ kalesi dışına taşan bir yerleşim yeri haline geldi. Epir’in bu önemli Bizans merkezi müslüman, hıristiyan ve yahudilerin karışık yaşadığı bir şehre dönüştü. Osmanlı dönemi boyunca önemli bir sancak merkezi oldu. Tanzimat düzenlemelerinden sonra bütün Epir’i (Ergirikasrı, Delvine ve Berat) ve 1856 yılından 1882’ye kadar bütün Tesalya’yı (Tırhala, Yenişehir/Larissa, Volos vb.) içine alan Yanya vilâyetinin ana merkezi durumunda kaldı. Osmanlı dönemi öncesi Yanya’nın nüfusu hakkında bilgi yoktur. Ortaçağ kalesi günümüzde de ayakta durmaktadır, sur duvarlarında kabartma semboller ve yazılar mevcuttur. Sur içi 20,7 hektarlık bir alanı kapsamakta, böylece burası yaklaşık Ortaçağ Atinası büyüklüğüne denk düşmektedir. 1 hektara 150 kişinin düştüğü kabul edilirse toplam nüfusun 3100 olduğu tahmin edilebilir. 1430’dan sonra sivil müslüman nüfusu barındıran bir mahalle eski kalenin dışında ortaya çıktı. II. Bayezid buraya Hünkâr (Çarşı Camii) adıyla bilinen kiremitle kaplanmış ahşap çatılı bir cami yaptırdı. Gazi Evranos’un oğlu Îsâ Bey’in zâviyesi de 1521 tahririnde zikredilir.
1530’da düzenlenen ve 1521 yılına ait bilgileri aktaran tahrir defterine göre Yanya’da hıristiyanların 600 hâneden ibaret otuz dokuz mahallesi, kırk beş hânesi olan bir müslüman mahallesi, bunların dışında bir dizdar komutasında kırk iki kişilik bir garnizonu bulunmaktaydı. Garnizonla birlikte müslümanlar % 11 civarındaydı. Kalenin müdafaasıyla vazifeli hıristiyan müsellemler de kaydedilmişti. Bu sırada Yanya, Arta’dan hâlâ daha küçüktü. Arta 1176 hâneye sahipken Yanya’da 645 hâne (toplam tahminî nüfus 3200) vardı (BA, TD , nr. 367, s. 261-275, 278-287). 972 (1565) yılına ait tahrir kayıtları, aradan geçen zaman içinde Yanya’nın hızlı bir şekilde büyüdüğünü gösterir. Mahalle sayısı 1521’dekiyle aynı olmakla birlikte hıristiyan hânesi 600’den 1061’e (tahminî 5000 kişi) yükselmişti (BA, TD , nr. 350). Ancak bu büyümenin arkası gelmedi. 987 (1579) tarihli Tahrir Defteri ’nde Yanya’da elli üç neferden oluşan bir müslüman cemaatinin bulunduğu belirtilir. Hıristiyan mahalleleri 500 hâne ve 338 bekâr nüfusa sahipti. Ayrıca otuz dört neferden ibaret bir yahudi cemaati vardı. Bu durumda şehirde 925 yetişkin erkeğin var olduğu söylenebilir (garnizondakiler dahil % 10’u müslüman olan 3200-3400 civarında bir nüfus). Nüfusta görülen düşüş ilgili tahrir defterindeki eksiklikten kaynaklanmıştır, zira yedi mahallenin yer almadığı görülür (BA, TD , nr. 583). 991 (1583) tarihli tahrirde ilk kayıtlarda bazı düzensizliklerin olduğuna ve nüfus gruplarının yanlış yerlere kaydedildiğine işaret edilir. XVI. yüzyılda göldeki adada birkaç kilise ve manastır Osmanlı yetkililerinin izniyle yapılmış veya genişletilmiş, yüksek kaliteli fresklerle süslenmiştir.
1020’de (1611) eski Trikkala (Tırhala) piskoposu olan, bazı ruhlar ve şeytanlarla ilişkisi bulunduğu ithamıyla aforoz edilen Dionisos Skylosophos’un liderlik ettiği bir isyan şehri derinden etkiledi. Venedikliler’in yardımıyla 800 köylü durumdan tamamen habersiz Türkler’e saldırdı, çoğunu katletti ve Osman Paşa’nın sarayını yaktı. İsyancılar bertaraf edildikten sonra Dionisos idam edildi, daha önce verilen imtiyazlar kaldırıldı. 1613 Ağustosunda I. Ahmed’in emriyle Yanya hıristiyanlarının yarısının surların dışına çıkarılması kararlaştırıldı. 1618 Haziranında hıristiyanların diğer yarısı taşındı. Hıristiyanlar hisarın dışındaki açık alanda yeni evler ve kiliseler inşa etti. Kale içindeki kilise ve manastırlara el konuldu ve yıkıldı. Surla çevrili şehir içinde (Kastro) sadece müslüman ve yahudilerin kalmasına izin verildi.
1027’de (1618) İkinci Akropolis’teki eski Prodromos Manastırı’nın sahasında Yanya sancağının idarecisi Zülfikar Bey’in oğlu Arslan Paşa bütün Batı Yunanistan’ın en önemli külliyesini yaptırdı. Bu külliyede kubbeli bir cami, büyük bir medrese, yolcular ve fakirler için bir imaret, bir türbe, ayrıca İkinci Akropolis’in aşağısında ve dışında büyük bir çifte hamam bulunmaktaydı. Bütün bu yapılar Yunanistan’ın bu kesiminde günümüze kadar ayakta kalabilmiş nâdir örneklerdendir. Bunlar güzel bir şekilde restore edilmiştir; cami de müze olarak hizmet vermektedir. Caminin iç revaklarını tutan dört mermer sütununda üst kesimdeki kitâbede Arslan Paşa’ya dair bilgi bulunur (ayrıca bk. ARSLAN PAŞA CAMİİ ). Eski Ioannina’nın diğer yüksek noktasında doğrudan kayalıklara göl kıyısına bakan yerine ikinci bir cami daha inşa edildi. Fethiye adlı cami Skylosophos isyanından sonraki hali yansıtır. 1800’lerde Tepedelenli Ali Paşa’nın yeniden yaptırdığı biçimde zamanımıza ulaşmış, 1970’lerde restore edilmiştir.
1669-1670’te Yanya’ya gelen Evliya Çelebi bazıları abartılı geniş bilgiler vermektedir. Ona göre şehirde pek çok âlim ve çoğu Farsça bilen bilgili kişiler vardır. Bir bölümü taştan yapılmış, aralarında pek çok sarayın da bulunduğu 4000 ev mevcuttur. Şehrin surlarla çevrili olmayan kısmında on sekiz müslüman, on dört hıristiyan, dört yahudi ve bir Çingene mahallesi bulunuyordu. Kalede iki cuma camii ve iki mescid, açık şehirde ise hepsinin adı verilen yedi cuma camii ve on bir mescid yer alıyordu. 1900 dükkân ve yedi de tekke vardı. İlyas Efendi Camii, XVI. yüzyılın sonunda müslüman cemaatinin arttığını gösteren, 990’da (1582) yazılmış Arapça bir kitâbeye sahipti. Müslüman cemaatinin giderek çoğaldığının bir diğer göstergesi, Zülfikar Bey tarafından 1600’den önce yeniden inşa edilen II. Bayezid (Hünkâr) Camii’dir. Bununla birlikte en büyük değişimler 1020 (1611) yılından sonra gerçekleşmiştir. Eski Yanya’nın güney varoşu olan Kaloutsa’da Kanlı Çeşme Camii hâlâ ayaktadır. Bu cami 1730’lu yılların sonlarında yapılmıştır; kurucusu Arslanpaşazâde Hacı Mehmed Paşa’dır. Diğer iki Yanya camisi gibi minaresi yerinde durmaktadır. Ankara’daki Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi’nde Hacı Mehmed Camii’ne ve diğer vakıflara ait vakfiyelerin birer sûreti muhafaza edilmektedir.
1611’den 1787 yılına kadar Yanya sancağına Arslan Paşa ailesinden gelen idareciler tayin edildi. 1787’de onların yerini Tepedelenli Ali Paşa aldı. 1821’e kadar Epir’i zamanla İstanbul’dan bağımsız şekilde demir yumrukla yönetti. Adım adım yönetimini bütün Tesalya dahil Yunanistan topraklarına doğru genişletti. XIX. yüzyılın onlu yıllarında Yanya’nın eski kalesini tamir ettirdi; kışla, dükkânlar, iki medrese, bir mektep, mutfak binaları ve garnizon için hamam, kendisi için İçkale’de bir saray inşa ettirdi. Göl tarafındaki küçük giriş kapısının üzerinde yer alan 1230 (1815) tarihli Arapça kitâbe işlerin bu tarihte tamamen bitirildiğini gösterir. İçkale’deki kapıyla kalenin ana kapısı üzerinde Tepedelenli Ali Paşa’nın iki kitâbesi 1843’te Yanya Valisi Osman Nûri Paşa tarafından çıkarılmış, yerine kendisinin ve Sultan Abdülmecid’in adının zikredildiği yeni metinler yerleştirilmiştir. Diğer saray ise güneybatı tarafından şehre yukarıdan bakan Litaritsa tepesinde inşa ettirildi; hâkim konumundan dolayı Litaritsa tepesi ayrıca güçlendirildi.
1812’de Henry Holland, Yanya’nın Arnavut askerleri hariç 30.000 nüfusa sahip bir şehir olduğunu belirtir. Ona göre on altı camisi, yedi veya sekiz kilisesi, Yunanlılar, Türkler, Arnavutlar ve yahudilerden teşekkül eden nüfusu bulunmaktadır. Bunların içinde Yunanlılar muhtemelen sayısı en kalabalık olanlarıdır. 1820’de Yunan bağımsızlık savaşının patlamasından hemen önce Tepedelenli Ali Paşa açıkça sultana karşı isyan etti. Hurşid Ahmed Paşa kumandasındaki büyük bir kuvvet on beş ay boyunca şehri kuşattı. Şehir büyük bir yıkımla karşılaştı. Hünkâr Camii bombardıman sırasında yıkılsa da daha sonra Hurşid Paşa tarafından tekrar yaptırıldı. Ali Paşa’nın öldürülmesinin ardından şehir ve çevresi doğrudan Osmanlı yönetimine geçti. Ali Paşa’nın isyanından önceki yıllarda Yanya çok müreffeh bir şehirdi. Zengin Yunan tüccarlarının konakları bu refahın varlığına şahitlik eder. Şehrin ileri gelenleri, âlimler ve hayır severler daha sonra çok tanınacak olan okulları açtılar (özellikle Zosimea Gymnasium’u). Yanya öneminden dolayı Avusturya-Macaristan, İngiltere, Fransa, Rusya, daha sonra İtalya ve Hollanda gibi bütün önemli Batılı devletlerin konsoloslukları için bir ikametgâhtı.
1828’de J. Hütz, Yanya’yı (Janina) 3200 evi olan, dar fakat iyi döşenmiş caddelere sahip, bazı sarayları, on dört camisi, sekiz kilisesi, birkaç hanı, birkaç imareti, hamamları ve iyi durumdaki bir bedesteni bulunan aynı adlı bir sancağın merkezi olarak tasvir eder. Şehrin Yunanlılar, Türkler, Arnavutlar ve yahudilerden teşekkül eden 35.000 nüfusu mevcuttur. Yanya’nın birkaç medresesi ve iki Yunan akademisi, birkaç deri tabakhânesi vardı. Şehirde antik kitap satan dükkânlar bulunuyordu, ahalisi edebiyata meraklıydı, kitap satışı oldukça canlıydı. Yanya’nın tüccarları İtalya ve Avusturya ile (Venedik, Trieste vb.) geniş bir ticaret ağı oluşturmuştu. 1308 (1890) tarihli Yanya Salnâmesi istatistiklerine göre vilâyet 223.885 müslüman (% 44), 129.517 Ortodoks Arnavut, 118.033 Yunanlı, 37.767 Ulah, 3517 yahudi ve 93 Katolik olmak üzere toplam 512.812 kişilik nüfusa sahipti. 1900 yılı civarında şehrin bir garnizonu, 3292 evi, 17.924 nüfusu, on sekiz camisi, on bir kilisesi ve iki sinagogu vardı. Şemseddin Sâmi, Yanya’yı anlatırken 35.000 kişilik nüfusundan, şehirde otuz cami, altı kilise, iki havra, üç tekke, birkaç okul, bir kütüphane, bir idâdiye, bir ilkokul, birkaç sıbyan mektebinden, Rumlar’a ait Zosimea adında bir mekteb-i i‘dâdî, Ulaklar’a ait rüşdiye, fakir ve öksüzlere ait hastahane, belediyeye ait bir hastahaneden, güzel çarşısı, birkaç han ve hamamı, bir yarımada üzerinde kurulan Tepedelenli Ali Paşa’ya ait mükemmel bir kaleden bahseder (Kāmûsü’l-a‘lâm , VI, 4788-4789). Şehrin yüksek İslâmî eğitim veren, XVII. yüzyıl ile XVIII. yüzyıllarda inşa edilmiş beş medresesi vardı (1021/1612’de yapılan Arslan Paşa Medresesi, Arslanpaşazâde Celâl Ali Paşa Medresesi, Defterdar Mustafa Efendi Medresesi, 1780’lerde inşa edilen Ayşe Hanım Medresesi, Tepedelenli Ali Paşa’nın oğlu Veliyyüddin Paşa Medrese ve Kütüphanesi). 1879’da bir idâdî açılmıştı.
1881’den sonra günümüze kadar şehrin görünümüne damgasını vuran birkaç büyük bina inşa edilmiştir: Belediye, dâire-i askeriyye, topçu kışlası ve şehrin övünç kaynağı olan Hamidiye Gureba Hastahanesi. Vali (Tatar) Osman Paşa (1897-1905) nezâretinde kadınlar için bir rüşdiye kuruldu. 1903’te II. Abdülhamid’in tahta çıkışının yirmi beşinci yıl dönümü münasebetiyle Osman Paşa, Yanya’nın merkezindeki meydana günümüze kadar ulaşan bir saat kulesi dikti. 1895’te Alman etnograf Gustav Weigand, Yanya’nın çok canlı ticarî hayatından söz eder. 17.000 kişilik nüfusu, içinde Yunanlılar, Türkler, Arnavutlar ve diğerleri gibi kendi okullarını açan elli Aromun (Ulah) ailesi yer alıyordu. Şehirde konuşma dili Yunanca idi; müslümanlarının çoğu Arnavutça konuşmakla birlikte daha ziyade hıristiyan sipahilerinin torunlarıyla XVII. yüzyılda İslâmiyet’i benimseyen ordu hizmetindeki gruplara mensup kişilerdi (Turkoyaninotes). 1910’da bu grup 5600 kişi olarak sayıldı. En çok bilinen aileler Derbenci, Emin Ağa, Renda ve Cakulla idi. 1924’te bu grup Türkiye’ye göç etti. 1905-1910 yıllarında çekilen panoramik fotoğraflarda şehir silüetinde yirmi yedi minarenin varlığı görülür.
Yanya, 6 Mart 1913’te Esad Paşa’nın kumandası altında hemen hemen altı ay süren cesurane bir müdafaadan sonra Yunan ordusu tarafından ele geçirildi ve Yunan Krallığı’nın bir parçası haline geldi. 1928’de aralarında 3000 mültecinin de bulunduğu 20.405 kişilik bir nüfusa sahipti. Yahudilerin sayısı 3000 idi. Hemen hemen bütün müslümanlar (5000 civarında) 1923 Lozan Antlaşması’nın nüfus mübadelesi neticesinde şehri terketti. 1944 Ekiminde II. Dünya Savaşı’nı takip eden sıkıntılı dönemde milliyetçi Yunan kuvvetleri, Yanya’nın kuzeybatısında yer alan Çamëria bölgesinin Arnavutça konuşan müslüman nüfusunu, savaş süresince Alman ve İtalyan ordusuyla iş birliği yaptıkları gerekçesiyle suçlayarak sürdüler. Geride çok sayıda cami harabesi ve yıkılmış köy kaldı. 1970’lerde bu bölge büyük oranda yerleşim dışıydı. II. Dünya Savaşı’nda Yanya’nın Alman işgali süresince yahudi azınlık yok edildi. 1951’de Yanya’nın nüfusu 32.315 idi. Bunların binlercesi Yanya civarındaki, 1945-1949 Yunan iç savaşında General Papagos’un ordusu tarafından yıkılan dağ köylerinin ahalisiydi.
1960’tan sonra şehir hızlıca büyüdü, kısmen modernleştirildi. 2007’de 70.000 kişilik nüfusu ile Yanya, Kuzeybatı Yunanistan’ın en büyük merkezi haline geldi. Ortodoks başpiskoposluğu ve Yunan ordusunun bölge komutanlığı buradadır. Yüzyıllar boyunca Yanya gümüş tel işlemeciliğiyle tanınmıştır. Fakat günümüzdeki canlılığı herhangi bir ekonomik etkinlikten değil tamamen tarihî geçmişinden ve idarî fonksiyonundan kaynaklanır. Etnoloji ve arkeoloji müzelerinin bulunduğu şehirde Osmanlı döneminden kalma ana tarihî eserler iyi korunmuştur. 2008’de Hacı Mehmed Paşa Camii’ni kuşatan dükkânlar yıktırılmış ve eserin restorasyonuna başlanmıştır. Bu caminin dışında Arslan Paşa ve kaledeki Fethiye camileri, minaresi bulunmasa da Tepedelenli Ali Paşa’nın oğluna ait Veli Bey Medresesi ve Camii, harap bir halde hâlâ ayaktadır.
Yanya bazı Osmanlı şair ve âlimlerinin doğduğu yerdir: XVI. yüzyılın en önemli Halvetî şeyhlerinin hayatını yazan (Menâkıb-ı Şerîf ve Tarîkatnâme , İstanbul 1290) Halvetî/Sünbülî şeyhi Yûsuf Sinan Sünbülî Efendi (ö. 989/1581); Arapça, Farsça, Türkçe, Yunanca ve Latince yazan, İbn Sînâ ve Aristo’nun eserlerini tercüme eden Yanyalı Esad Efendi (ö. 1143/1731), Şair Üsküdarlı Sâfî (ö. 1901), Nakşî tarikatının en önemli liderlerinden Şeyh Yûsuf Yanyavî (ö. 1902), Arapça, Türkçe ve Yunanca yazan, bir Yunanca-Türkçe sözlüğü ve gramerini tamamlayan Refî Efendi Yanyavî (ö. 1902), hukukçu ve devlet adamı Sava Paşa ve Ali Kemali Aksüt. Ali Emîrî, Yanya’daki Osmanlı şairleri üzerine bir tezkere yazmıştır.
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Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2013 yılında İstanbul’da basılan 43. cildinde, 317-321 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.