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MAKRÎZÎ Skip to content MAKRÎZÎ Ebû Muhammed (Ebü’l-Abbâs) Takıyyüddîn Ahmed b. Alî b. Abdilkādir b. Muhammed el-Makrîzî (ö. 845/1442) Mısırlı tarihçi.
Müellif: Eymen Fuâd Seyyid
766’da (1364-65) Kahire’nin Burcuvân semtinde doğdu. Bugünkü Lübnan’ın Ba‘lebek şehrinin Makārize semtinden Mısır’a göç eden bir aileye mensuptur. Bundan dolayı Makrîzî nisbesiyle meşhur olmuştur. Makrîzî’nin dedesi Şeyh Muhyiddin Ebû Muhammed Abdülkādir b. Muhammed b. İbrâhim Kahire’ye birkaç defa gitmiş, ancak Mısır’da kalmamış ve 733 (1332) yılında Dımaşk’ta vefat etmiştir. Babası Alâeddin Ali b. Abdülkādir daha sonra Kahire’ye gelip burada yerleşmiş ve 779’da (1377-78) vefat edinceye kadar Kahire’de yaşamıştır. Makrîzî’nin ailesi en az dedesinden itibaren Hanbelî mezhebine mensuptu. Zira Abdülkādir b. Muhammed, Hanbelî fıkhının meşhurlarından olduğu gibi bu mezhebin büyük muhaddislerinden sayılırdı. Abdülkādir’in oğlu Ali Mısır’a göç edip Kahire’de yerleştikten sonra Dîvânü’t-tevkī, Dîvân-ı İnşâ ve hesap işleriyle ilgili birçok görevde bulunmuştur. Makrîzî’nin Şâfiî olan babası 765’te (1364) Hanefî âlimlerinden kazasker ve müderris İbnü’s-Sâiğ ez-Zümürrüdî’nin kızı Esmâ ile evlenmiştir.
Hem baba hem anne tarafından ilimle uğraşan bir aileye mensup olan Makrîzî, dinî ilimleri baba tarafından dedelerinin mensup olduğu Hanbelî mezhebinde değil anne tarafından dedesi İbnü’s-Sâiğ’den etkilenerek Hanefî mezhebi usulüne göre okudu. Makrîzî, Hanefî mezhebini dedesi İbnü’s-Sâiğ’in vefatına kadar (ö. 776/1375) benimsedi, ancak üç yıl sonra Zâhiriyye mezhebine de ilgi duymakla beraber Şâfiî mezhebine intisap etti. Makrîzî’nin Şâfiî mezhebini benimsemesinde bu mezhebi Hanefîlik’ten daha titiz görmesi ve Şâfiîliğin yaygın olduğu Mısır toplumuyla daha fazla kaynaşmayı düşünmesi etkili olmuştur.
Sehâvî’nin bizzat kendisinden naklettiğine göre Makrîzî fıkıh, hadis, kıraat, dil, nahiv, edebiyat ve tarih alanlarında 600 hocadan ders gördü. 784’te (1382) Mısır’a gelip burada yerleşen İbn Haldûn ile birkaç defa görüştü ve ondan önemli ölçüde etkilendi. Dürerü’l-ʿuḳūdi’l-ferîde adlı kitabında İbn Haldûn’un biyografisini ayrıntılı olarak kaydeden Makrîzî, hem hocasına karşı beslediği sevgi hem de el-ʿİber’ine duyduğu hayranlığı dile getirmiş ve bu eserin başlangıç bölümü olarak yazılan Muḳaddime’yi eşi bulunmayan bir pırlanta olarak nitelemiştir. İbn Haldûn’un Mısır’daki uzun ikameti sırasında birçok âlim ve tarihçi yanında hayranları ve talebeleriyle birlikte oluşturduğu ekol içinde Makrîzî de vardır. Makrîzî’nin hocaları arasında dedesi İbnü’s-Sâiğ ve İbn Haldûn’dan başka İsnevî, Ebü’l-Fidâ İbn Kesîr, Ezraî, İbnü’l-Mülakkın, Ömer b. Reslân el-Bulkīnî, Zeynüddin el-Irâkī, Heysemî, Fîrûzâbâdî ve İbn Hatîb en-Nâsıriyye zikredilebilir. Talebeleri içinde İbn Tağrîberdî, İbn Kutluboğa, Ebü’t-Tayyib İbn Zahîre, Ebû Bekir İbn Zahîre ve İbnü’l-Haydırî yer almaktadır.
Makrîzî bir âlim olarak Mısır’ın siyasî, içtimaî ve iktisadî hayatını bilimsel bir araştırmaya tâbi tuttu, doğduğu yer olan Kahire’nin bilinmeyen yönlerini aydınlattı, belli başlı eserlerini kaydedip tanıtarak onu âdeta yeniden canlandırdı ve meşhurlarının hayat hikâyesini yazdı. Küçük yaşından beri toplumsal hayatla ilgilendi, genç yaşlarından itibaren birçok önemli görevde bulundu. 790 (1388) yılına kadar sürdürdüğü divan vazifelerinden sayılan tevkī‘ ile ilgili görevini, Kahire Kalesi’ndeki inşa salonunda Kadı Bedreddin Muhammed b. Fazlullah el-Ömerî’nin yanında yaptı. 11 Receb 801 (19 Mart 1399) tarihinde Şemseddin Muhammed el-Mehâsinî’nin yerine Kahire ve Vechü’l-bahrî (Aşağı Mısır) bölgelerinin muhtesipliğini üstlenen Makrîzî, el-Melikü’n-Nâsır Ferec b. Berkūk’un tahta çıkışından sonra aynı yılın 17 Zilkadesinde (21 Temmuz 1399) Sultan Ferec’in hil‘atine mazhar oldu ve kendisine Kahire muhtesipliği verildi. Makrîzî, hisbe görevinde bulunduğu sıralarda ekonominin hem teorisine hem uygulamalarına vâkıf oldu, özellikle İġās̱etü’l-ümme adlı kitabını yazarken bu bilgilerini kullandı. Ayrıca tevkī‘ ve inşâ divanındaki görevleri onun birçok âlim ve devlet adamıyla tanışmasına vesile oldu, onlara devletin meselelerini anlattı ve elde ettiği bilgi ve tecrübelerden gelecekte bir tarihçi olarak büyük ölçüde faydalandı. Bilinmeyen tarihlerde Sultan Hasan Medresesi ve Amr b. Âs Camii’nde kadı yardımcılığı, hatiplik ve Hâkim Camii’nde imamlık görevlerinde bulundu. Muhtemelen bu görevleri, İbn Haldûn vasıtasıyla tanıştığı ve ihsanına nâil olduğu Sultan el-Melikü’z-Zâhir Berkuk döneminde yapmıştır. Esasen Makrîzî o devirde tanıştığı, Sultan el-Melikü’n-Nâsır Ferec b. Berkūk döneminde meydana gelen karışıklıkları bastıran Emîr Yeşbeg b. Abdullah el-Atâbekî ile çok iyi ilişkiler kurmuştu. Bu ilişkiler sayesinde, büyük bir siyasî kargaşanın yaşandığı Dımaşk’a Sultan el-Melikü’n-Nâsır Ferec ile beraber girdi. 815 (1412) yılına kadar Dımaşk’a birçok defa daha gitti; orada Kalânisî Vakfı ve el-Bîmâristânü’n-Nûrî Nezâreti, Dârü’l-hadîsi’l-Eşrefiyye ve el-Medresetü’l-İkbâliyye hocalığı görevlerinde bulundu. Suriye’de kaldığı sıralarda Sultan Ferec tarafından kendisine Suriye Şâfiî kadılığı teklif edildiyse de bazı endişeleri sebebiyle bunu kabul etmedi. Nihayet Bahrî Memlük Devleti’nin asıl kurucusu el-Melikü’l-Müeyyed Şeyh el-Mahmûdî devrinde 815’te (1412) tekrar Mısır’a döndü.
Yeni sultana büyük ümitlerle bağlanan Makrîzî 823’te (1420) tamamlanan, Kahire’nin Bâbüzüveyle’sine bitişik el-Medresetü’l-Müeyyediyye’de hadis hocalığı görevine başladı. Bu medresede ne kadar kaldığı bilinmemektedir; muhtemelen Sultan el-Melikü’l-Müeyyed’in 824’te (1421) ölümüyle görevi sona ermiştir. Bundan sonra sultanlar onu devlet görevlerinden ayırdı; kendisinin de isteksiz olması sebebiyle yirmi yıl boyunca devlet işlerinden uzak durdu, evine kapanarak tarih incelemeleriyle meşgul oldu ve bu alanda büyük bir isim yaptı. 834-839 (1430-1435) yılları arasında Mekke’de bulunan Makrîzî, 834 Ramazanından (Mayıs 1431) itibaren Mescid-i Harâm’da İmtâʿu’l-esmâʿın da dahil olduğu birçok eserini okuttu. Bu sırada Beytullah’a gelen hacılardan Güney Arap memleketleri ve Habeşistan hakkında bilgi toplayan Makrîzî, bu eserlerinin müsveddesini 839’da (1435) Mekke’de yazdı ve 841’de (1437) Kahire’ye döndükten sonra temize çekti. Bu tarihten itibaren Burcuvan mahallesindeki evine kapanıp ibadetle meşgul oldu ve 200 cildi aşan eserlerini telif etti. Uzun bir hastalığın ardından 16 (veya 27) Ramazan 845’te (28 Ocak [veya 8 Şubat] 1442) vefat eden Makrîzî, Kahire’nin Bâbünnasr semtinin dışında bulunan Baybars sûfîlerine mahsus mezarlıkta defnedildi.
Makrîzî, Ortaçağ İslâm dünyasının yetiştirdiği en büyük tarihçilerden biri olup siyasî tarih yanında iktisat tarihi, kültürel ve sosyal tarihe dair çalışmalarıyla meşhur olmuştur. Hadisçilerin tenkidine mâruz kalması onun tarihçiliğine bir halel getirmemiş, özellikle Mısır’ın İslâmî dönem tarihine dair eserleri kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır. Konuları kaynaklarına inerek tetkik etmesi yanında gözlemleriyle de dikkat çeken Makrîzî güvenilir bir tarihçidir. Siyasî, iktisadî, içtimaî ve kültürel sonuçlar doğuran hiçbir hadiseyi ihmal etmemiş, olayları objektif ve tarafsız bir gözle ifade etmeye özen göstermiştir. Tarihçiliği yanında hadis ve fıkıh gibi ilimlerde, tenkit ve edebiyat gibi konularda da kendini ispat etmiş ve otuzdan fazla eser kaleme almıştır. Makrîzî yeni eserlerinde eski eserlerine atıflarda bulunur, dolayısıyla her zaman göz önünde tuttuğu titiz tarihî metodu doğrultusunda o eserde geçen bilgiler arasında bir bağlantı kurar. Bazı şarkiyatçıların söylediğinin aksine Makrîzî sadece bilgi toplayıcı değil aynı zamanda belli bir metot ve bilimsel araştırma planı sahibi bir müellif olup eserlerini birbirine bilgi zinciriyle bağlamaktadır.
Eserleri. A) Telifleri. a) Mısır’la İlgili Eserleri. Memlük sultanları hakkında VII. (XIII.) yüzyıldan itibaren birçok tarih yazılmışsa da Mısır’da Memlükler’e dair bir tarih ekolü ancak Memlük devrinin son yüzyılında meydana çıkmıştır. Bu ekolde öğrencilik yapan ilk nesil İbn Haldûn’un talebeleridir. Makrîzî ile başlayan bu zincir Makrîzî’nin rakibi Bedreddin el-Aynî, İbn Hacer el-Askalânî, Makrîzî’nin talebesi İbn Tağrîberdî ve onun rakibi Hatîb el-Cevherî, tarihçi ve münekkit Şemseddin es-Sehâvî, Celâleddin es-Süyûtî ve onun talebesi İbn İyâs gibi şahsiyetleri içine almaktadır. Bu tarihçilerin görüştükleri ilim ve devlet adamları sayesinde hem görüş ufukları genişlemiş hem yargıları objektif olmuştur. Makrîzî yalnız ilmî titizliğiyle değil sabrı, konuları çok iyi bilmesi, sosyal hayata ve yaşayan toplumun tarihine verdiği önemle de çağın önde gelen tarihçisi olarak ün kazanmıştır. Çeşitli eserlerinde Mısır tarihinin çağlar boyunca kaydettiği gelişimi dile getirmiştir.
1. el-Ḫıṭaṭü’l-Maḳrîziyye . Asıl adı el-Mevâʿiẓ ve’l-iʿtibâr bi-(fî) ẕikri’l-ḫıṭaṭ ve’l-âs̱âr olan eser Mısır’ın topografyası ve tarihi hakkında olup daha sonra bu alanda yapılan çalışmalara kaynak teşkil etmiştir. Eserin çeşitli baskıları yapılmıştır (ilk baskısı, I-II, Bulak 1270).
2. ʿİḳdü cevâhiri’l-esfâṭ min aḫbâri’l-Fusṭâṭ. Makrîzî, Fustât şehriyle ilgili olayları günümüze ulaşmayan bu kitabında toplamıştır.
3. İttiʿâẓü’l-ḥunefâʾ bi-aḫbâri’l-eʾimmeti’l-Fâṭımiyyîn el-ḫulefâʾ. Abbâsî hilâfetinden ayrı ve onlara rakip olması düşüncesiyle kurulan Şiî Fâtımî hilâfetinin başşehri olarak inşa edilmiş Kahire’nin tarihine dairdir (nşr. Hugo Bunz, Leipzig 1908; nşr. Cemâleddin eş-Şeyyâl, Kahire 1367, 1387-1390/1967-1971; nşr. Muhammed Hilmî Muhammed Ahmed, Kahire 1971-1973).
4. es-Sülûk li-maʿrifeti düveli’l-mülûk. Eserde, Kahire Kalesi’nin Mısır’ın saltanat merkezi haline gelmesi üzerine kaleye hâkim olan sultanlar, Selâhaddîn-i Eyyûbî’nin halefleri ve Memlük sultanlarının müellifin dönemine kadar gelen tarihi hakkında bilgi verilmektedir (nşr. Muhammed Mustafa Ziyâde – Saîd Abdülfettâh Âşûr, I-IV, Kahire 1934-1973). İbn Tağrîberdî kitaba Ḥavâdis̱ü’d-dühûr adıyla bir zeyil yazmış, E.-M. Quatremère (Histoire des sultans mamlouks, I-II, Paris 1837-1844) ve G. J. Edgard Blochet (Histoire de l’Egypte de Makrizi, Paris 1908) eseri Fransızca’ya tercüme etmişlerdir.
5. el-Muḳaffa’l-kebîr (et-Târîḫu’l-muḳaffâ, el-Muḳaffâ fî terâcimi ehli Mıṣr ve’l-vâridîne ileyhâ). Bu eserinde özellikle Mısır’ın siyasî tarihini ele alan Makrîzî aslında Mısır’ın İslâmî dönem tarihini yazmak arzusundaydı. Dolayısıyla Mısır’ın fethinden (20/641) VIII. (XIV.) yüzyılın ortalarına kadar Mısır’da doğup yaşayan ve Mısır’a gelen ünlü âlim, şair ve edebiyatçıları içine alan geniş hacimli bir meşhurlar ansiklopedisi yazmaya başlamıştı. Müellif seksen cilt olarak planladığı eserin ancak on altı cildini tamamlayabilmiş, bunlardan beşi günümüze ulaşmıştır. Kendi hattıyla olan bu ciltlerin tı harfinin bir bölümüyle zı ve ayn harflerini içine alan bir cildi Paris Bibliothèque Nationale’de kayıtlıdır (Ar., nr. 2144). Diğer üç cildi elif harfinin bir bölümünü, kâf ve lâm harflerini, ayrıca Muhammed adlı kişileri içine almakta ve Leiden Library’de bulunmaktadır (nr. 1366). Elif harfinden hı harfine kadar olan isimleri ihtiva eden beşinci cilt İstanbul’da Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi’ndedir (Pertev Paşa, nr. 496). Muhammed el-Ya‘lâvî tarafından sekiz cilt olarak yayımlanan bu beş cilt (Tunus 1986; Beyrut 1991) 3530 tercüme-i hâli içine almaktadır. el-Muḳaffa’l-kebîr’de Endülüs tarihiyle ilgili biyografileri Muhammed el-Ya‘lâvî Mecelletü’d-dirâsât el-Endelüsiyye’de yayımlamıştır (sy. 1 [1408/1988], s. 77 vd.).
6. Dürerü’l-ʿuḳūdi’l-Ferîde fî terâcimi’l-aʿyâni’l-müfîde. Makrîzî, 816’dan (1413) sonra vefat eden arkadaş ve akrabalarının hayat hikâyelerini yazdığı esere ayrıca 760-816 (1359-1413) yılları arasında ölen hükümdar, emîr, kâtip, nâzır, hadisçi, fakih, âlim, şair ve diğer ünlüleri de ekleyerek biyografi sayısını 666’ya çıkarmıştır. Eserin müellif nüshası Almanya’nın Gotha Kütüphanesi’nde bulunmaktadır (Ar., nr. 270). Bu nüsha bir önsözle birlikte elif harfindeki 353 tercüme-i hâli içine almaktadır. Kitabı tahkik edip yayımlayan Muhammed Kemâleddin İzzeddin’e göre eser Makrîzî’nin el-Muḳaffa’l-kebîr’inin ayn harfini tamamlayan bir çalışmadır. Kitabın bir nüshası da Irak’ta Musul âlimlerinden Mahmûd el-Celîlî’nin özel kütüphanesinde bulunmakta olup müellif nüshasından 878’de (1473) istinsah edilmiştir. Muhammed Kemâleddin İzzeddin, Gotha nüshasından 300 biyografi seçerek el-Maḳrîzî ve Kitâbü Düreri’l-ʿuḳūdi’l-ferîde fî terâcimi’l-aʿyâni’l-müfîde adıyla yayımlamıştır (Beyrut 1412/1992). Adnân Dervîş ve Muhammed el-Mısrî de eserin elif harfiyle ayn harfinden bir kısmını neşretmişlerdir (Dımaşk 1995).
7. Telḳīḥu’l-ʿuḳūl ve’l-ârâʾ fî tenḳīḥi’l-cülleti’l-vüzerâʾ.
8. Ḫulâṣatü’t-Tibr fî aḫbâri küttâbi’s-sır. Mısır’ın özel İslâm tarihi çerçevesi içinde yazılan son iki eserin nüshası bulunmamaktadır. Makrîzî el-Ḫıṭaṭ’ında ikinci esere atıfta bulunmuştur.
b) İslâm Tarihi ve Hz. Peygamber’in Hayatı. 1. el-Ḫaber ʿani’l-beşer. İmtâʿu’l-esmâʿ adlı eserine (aş.bk.) bir giriş mahiyetindedir. Kitapta dünyanın yaratılışından, çeşitli kavimlerden, Arap kabilelerinden ve Câhiliye devrindeki Arap panayırlarından söz edilmektedir. Makrîzî dört cilt tutan bu eserine bir ciltlik mukaddime yazmıştır. el-Ḫaber ʿani’l-beşer’in birçok kütüphanede nüshaları bulunmaktadır. Başta Makrîzî’nin hattıyla yazılmış, sonundan eksik ve I. cildin başlangıcında fihristi bulunan altı ciltlik bir nüsha Süleymaniye (Fâtih, nr. 4338) ve Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi (III. Ahmed, nr. 2926) kütüphanelerinde kayıtlıdır.
2. İmtâʿu’l-esmâʿ bimâ li’r-resûl mine’l-ebnâʾi (enbâʾi) ve’l-aḥvâl ve’l-ḥafede ve’l-metâʿ. Hz. Peygamber hakkında telif edilmiş en geniş muhtevalı eserlerin başında gelir. Makrîzî siyer, hadis ve delâilü’n-nübüvve gibi alanlarda yazılmış kitaplardan faydalanarak Resûl-i Ekrem’i çok çeşitli yönleriyle ele almıştır. Resûlullah’ın hayatı, gazveleri, örnek ahlâkı, hasâis ve şemâili, mûcizeleri, aile hayatı, giyim kuşamı ve özel eşyaları, gündelik hayatı, yiyecekleri, tıp bilgisi, devlet başkanı olarak icraatları, sahâbîlerle münasebetleri, geleceğe yönelik olarak verdiği haberler, yahudi, hıristiyan, müşrik ve münafıklara karşı tutumu, Hz. Peygamber’e salâtüselâm getirmenin önemi eserin temel konularından bazılarıdır. Bir nüshası Köprülü Kütüphanesi’nde bulunan kitabın (nr. 1004) I. cildi Mahmûd Muhammed Şâkir tarafından yayımlanmış (Kahire 1941), aynı cildi Muhammed Abdülhamîd en-Nümeysî tekrar neşretmiştir (Kahire 1981). Eserin tamamını Muhammed Abdülhamid en-Nümeysî yayımlamıştır (I-XV, Beyrut 1420/1999).
c) Diğer Eserleri. Makrîzî, hacmi küçük olmakla birlikte ilmî bakımdan önem taşıyan başka eserler de yazmış olup bunları dört grupta toplamak mümkündür. Birinci grupta Makrîzî genel İslâm tarihi problemlerini tartışmaktadır. İkinci grupta diğer tarihçiler tarafından önem verilmeyen İslâm âleminin etrafındaki ülkelerin tarihini özetlemiştir. Üçüncü grubu birçok hükümdarın biyografisinden kısaca bahsettiği eserler oluşturur. Müellif dördüncü grupta İslâm âleminin sosyal ve ekonomik hayatını, İslâmî dönem Mısır tarihini ve özellikle bilimsel faaliyetleri araştırmaya tahsis etmiştir. Makrîzî bu eserlerin çoğunu hayatının sonunda olgunluk döneminde, 839’da (1435) Mekke’ye gidip 841’de (1437) Mısır’a döndükten sonra yazmıştır.
1. İġās̱etü’l-ümme bi-keşfi’l-ġumme. 808 (1405) yılına kadar Mısır’da meydana gelen kıtlıklardan, bunların ülkede yarattığı ekonomik ve sosyal sıkıntılardan bahseder. Muhammed Mustafa Ziyâde ve Cemâleddin eş-Şeyyâl tarafından yayımlanan eser (Kahire 1940) daha sonra tekrar neşredilmiştir (Dımaşk 1956; Hıms 1956, 1970; Kahire 1957; Beyrut 1980). Eseri Gaston Wiet Fransızca’ya (JESHO , V [1962], s. 1-90) ve Adel Allouche İngilizce’ye (Saltlake City 1994) çevirmiştir.
2. Şüẕûrü’l-ʿuḳūd fî ẕikri’n-nuḳūd (en-Nuḳūdü’l-ʿArabiyye ve’l-İslâmiyye, en-Nuḳūdü’l-İslâmiyye). Sultan Berkuk devrine kadar (784/1382) Mısır’da basılan paralar hakkında geniş bilgi veren eser ilk defa Oluf Gerhard Tychsen tarafından yayımlanmış (Rostock 1797), Silvestre de Sacy tarafından Fransızca’ya çevrilmiştir (Paris 1797). Kitabın Arapça metnini Ahmed Fâris eş-Şidyâk neşretmiş (Mısır 1297), daha sonra da birçok baskısı yapılmıştır. L. A. Mayer’in de İngilizce tercüme ve notlarla birlikte neşrettiği (İskenderiye 1933) eseri İbrahim Hakkı Konyalı Eski ve İslâmî Paralar (İstanbul 1946), İbrahim Artuk, el-Nukud el-kadime ve’l-İslamiye (TTK Belleten , XVII/67 [1953] içinde, s. 367-391) adıyla Türkçe’ye çevirmiştir.
3. el-İlmâm bi-aḫbâri men bi-arżi’l-Ḥabeşe min mülûki’l-İslâm (nşr. Fr. Th. Rink, Leiden 1790; Kahire 1895).
4. eṭ-Ṭurfetü’l-ġarîbe fî aḫbâri Vâdî Ḥaḍramevt el-ʿacîbe (nşr. P. Noskowyi, Bonn 1866).
5. eẕ-Ẕehebü’l-mesbûk fî ẕikrî men ḥacce mine’l-ḫulefâʾi ve’l-mülûk (nşr. Cemâleddin eş-Şeyyâl, Kahire 1955).
6. el-Beyân ve’l-iʿrâb bi-men nezele arża Mıṣr mine’l-aʿrâb (nşr. Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, Göttingen 1263/1847; Kahire 1334; nşr. Abdülmecîd Âbidîn, Kahire 1961; İskenderiye 1989).
7. en-Nizâʿ ve’t-teḫâṣum fîmâ beyne Benî Ümeyye ve Benî Hâşim (nşr. Gerhardus, Vos Leiden 1888). Daha sonra çeşitli baskıları yapılan eseri (Necef 1368/1949, 1387/1967; Kahire 1937; nşr. A. T. Welch – P. Cachia, Edinburgh 1979; nşr. Hüseyin Mûnis, Kahire 1988) Clifford Edmund Bosworth al-Maqrīzī’s Book of Contention and Strife adıyla İngilizce’ye (Manchester 1981) ve İbrahim Sarıçam Türkçe’ye (Ankara 1997) çevirmiştir.
8. Ḍavʾü’s-sârî fî maʿrifeti ḫaberi Temîm ed-Dârî (nşr. Muhammed Ahmed Âşûr, Kahire 1392/1972).
9. Risâle fi’l-evzân ve’l-ekyâli’ş-şerʿiyye (Risâle fi’l-mevâzîn ve’l-mekâyîli’ş-şerʿiyye). Oluf Gerhard Tychsen tarafından İtalyanca tercümesiyle birlikte yayımlanmıştır (Rostock 1800).
Makrîzî’nin diğer bazı eserleri de şunlardır: Maʿrife mâ yecibü li-âli’l-beyti’ş-Şerîf mine’l-ḥak ʿalâ men ʿadâhüm (veya Faẓlü âli’l-beyt; nşr. Muhammed Ahmed Âşûr, Beyrut 1972; Kahire 1392/1973, 1984); el-Maḳāṣıdü’s-seniyye li-maʿrifeti’l-ecsâmi’l-maʿdeniyye; ʿİzâletü’t-teʿab ve’l-ʿanâʾ fî maʿrifeti ḥalli’l-ġınâ; el-İşâre ve’l-îmâ ilâ ḥalli luġazi’l-mâ (Resâʾilü’l-Maḳrîzî içinde [nşr. Ramazan el-Bedrî – Ahmed M. Kāsım], Kahire 1419/1998, s. 267-276); Naḥl ʿibere’n-naḥl (nşr. Cemâleddin eş-Şeyyâl, Kahire 1946); el-İşâre ve’l-iʿlâm bi-binâʾi’l-Kâʿbe ve’l-Beyti’l-ḥarâm; et-Teẕkire (Hanefî âlimlerine dair); Menâḳıbü Aḥmed b. Ḥanbel; el-Beyânü’l-müfîd fi’l-farḳ beyne’t-tevḥîd ve’t-telḥîd (nşr. ve Fr. trc. Georges C. Anawati, Kahire 1969); Tecrîdü’t-tevḥîdi’l-müfîd (Matbaatü’l-Medenî, 1303/1885; Kahire 1343/1924; nşr. Ahmed b. Muhammed Tâhûn, Kahire 1414/1993). Makrîzî’nin ele aldığı konulardan biri de Muhyiddin İbnü’l-Arabî’nin vahdet-i vücûd nazariyesidir. el-Beyânü’l-müfîd fi’l-farḳ beyne’t-tevḥîd ve’t-telḥîd adlı risâlesinde bu nazariyenin IX. (XV.) yüzyılda Dımaşk’ta taraftarlarının bulunduğunu, Kahire’de yayıldığını ve nazariyeyi benimseyenlerin gerçek müslüman olmadığını kaydeder.
B) İhtisar Ettiği Eserler. Birçok kitabı özetleyen Makrîzî’nin bu tür eserlerinden günümüze ulaşanlardan bazıları şunlardır:
1. el-Münteḳā min Aḫbâri Mıṣr li’bn Müyesser. 439-553 (1047-1158) yılları arasındaki olayları içeren kitabın telifi 814’te (1411) tamamlanmıştır. Eser, müellif hattıyla Paris Bibliothèque Nationale’de kayıtlı (Ar., nr. 1688) yegâne nüshadan istinsah edilmiştir. Kitabın Haçlı seferleriyle ilgili kısmı Baron Mac-Guckin de Slane tarafından Fransızca tercümesiyle birlikte yayımlandığı gibi (RHC Or. , III [1884], s. 457-473) Henri Massé (Fransızca özetiyle beraber Kahire 1919), William Mylord (Kahire 1980) ve Eymen Fuâd Seyyid (bir mukaddime ve bir fihrist ilâvesiyle birlikte, Kahire 1981) tarafından da neşredilmiştir.
2. Muḫtaṣarü’l-Kâmil fî maʿrifeti ḍuʿafâʾi’l-muḥaddis̱în li-İbn ʿAdî. İbnü’l-Kattân adıyla anılan İbn Adî’nin cerh ve ta‘dîl konusundaki eserinin özetidir. Makrîzî’nin 795’te (1393) kaleme aldığı kitap, Murad Molla Kütüphanesi’nde kayıtlı (nr. 575) müellif hattıyla yazılmış yegâne nüshasına dayanılarak Eymen b. Ârif ed-Dımaşkī tarafından yayımlanmıştır (Kahire 1415/1994). Makrîzî bu eserini Sultan Hasan Medresesi’nde hadis okuttuğu sıralarda özetlemiş ve Müeyyediyye Medresesi’nde hadis okuturken de kullanmıştır.
3. Muḫtaṣaru ʿAcâʾibi’l-maḳdûr. Şehâbeddin İbn Arabşah’ın eserinin muhtasarıdır.
Şerîf el-İdrîsî’nin Nüzhetü’l-müştâḳ fi’ḫtirâḳı’l-âfâḳ adlı eserinin özeti olan Cenyü’l-ezhâr mine’r-ravżi’l-miʿṭâr bazı müellifler tarafından Makrîzî’ye nisbet edilirse de bu doğru değildir. Hâfız Şehâbeddin Ahmed el-Makrîzî’ye ait olan eserin nisbesinden dolayı Takıyyüddin el-Makrîzî’ye izâfe edildiği anlaşılmaktadır.
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Bu madde TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi’nin 2003 yılında Ankara’da basılan 27. cildinde, 448-451 numaralı sayfalarda yer almıştır.